Revista clínica de periodoncia, implantología y rehabilitación oral最新文献

Objective

The purpose of this study was to compare the Occlusal Vertical Dimension (OVD) determined with the “Knebelman Craniometric method” and with the “Willis method” on the same patient.

Material and method

The study was conducted on a sample of 74 subjects with their full dentition. The mean age was, They were students of fourth year, with a mean age of 22 years ± 0.99, from the Faculty of Dentistry at Mayor University. The measurement instruments used were the Knebelman Craniometer and the Willis Device. They were used according to the methodology recommended by their manufacturers. The results were analysed using the Paired T-test, with the OVD determined by each method expressed in millimetres.

Results

No significant differences were found when comparing the OVD determined using the Knebelman Craniometer and the Willis Device on the same patient (mean difference of 0.7 mm between both methods).

Conclusion

There were no significant statistical or clinical differences between both studied instruments. In this context complementing with both instruments, the Knebelman Craniometer and the Willis Device, could be a valuable tool to fine-tune and simplify the measurement of OVD in edentulous patients.

The intraoral ranula is a benign pseudo-cystic extravasation with its origin in the sublingual salivary glands. It is an infrequent disease. It is more common in children and adolescents, with its own clinical characteristics that differentiate it from other entities in the mouth.

The treatment for this condition is surgical, and several techniques have been described in the literature: simple and modified marsupialisation, enucleation of the lesion, and removal of the gland with enucleation of the ranula.

While the removal of the gland with enucleation of the lesion is the widely accepted radical and definitive treatment, marsupialisation may be useful as an alternative to conservative surgical treatment in cases of giant intraoral ranula, reducing the risk of surgical morbidity, and presenting with low rates of recurrence, while its application should be performed with care.

The case is presented that describes the conservative surgical treatment with marsupialisation in its clinical management, with a 12 months follow up without signs of recurrence.

Gingival enlargement is an abnormal increased volume of the gum that induces cosmetic changes and clinical symptoms, such as gingival bleeding, periodontal disorders, pathological tooth migration, among others. This condition can be a side effect of certain drugs such as anticonvulsants, calcium channel blockers, and immunosuppressants. A 74 year-old male patient with a medical record of kidney transplant secondary to chronic renal failure receiving cyclosporine for the past 14 years is referred to our Hospital with the chief complaint of gingival enlargement. The treatment is based on tooth extractions, biopsy and periodontal treatment. A complete regression of the lesion was observed after two months. The current approach to treat this disease is focused on plaque control. A multidisciplinary approach should be used and clinical protocols prepared that allow early treatment and avoidance of more aggressive disease expression.

Objective

The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the habitual chewing side and the presence of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) in young adults.

Materials and methods

An analytical case-control and simple blind study was performed on 70 young adult subjects (22-26 years) from the Faculty of Dentistry of the University of Chile. The masticatory functional angle (MFA) was used to determine the habitual chewing side in all subjects, as well as applying the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD) in order to determine the type of TMD and the most prevalent side. Data were analysed using Chi squared test and Fisher's exact test (95% CI).

Results

A total of 56 subjects (80.0%) were unilateral chewers and 14 (20.0%) were bilateral chewers. A diagnosis of TMD was made in 34 (48.6%) subjects according to RDC/TMD, while 36 individuals (51.4%) showed no evidence of any disorder. There were no differences between unilateral chewing and the presence of TMD (p=0.63). There was a high trend between unilateral chewing and presence of joint disease (groups ii and iii, RDC/TMD) (p=0.06).

Conclusion

Despite a high trend between unilateral chewing and joint disease observed, the relationship between the type of chewing and TMD has not been established. No relationship was found between the chewing side and its coincidence with the disease side. This could be because of the different factors involved in TMD.

Introduction

Success in endodontic treatment is determined by the quality of the root canal treatment and definitive coronal restoration, with the absence of signs and symptoms.

Objective

The aim of this study was to determine the success rate of root canal treatment and its relationship with the type and quality of the coronary restoration.

Material and methods

A retrospective clinical study was conducted on 227 endodontically treated teeth over a period of 4 years. The analysis was performed by a comptroller dentist, who carried out the clinical and radiographical examination, evaluating signs and symptoms and the type and quality of the coronary restoration. The data analysis was performed using the STATA 13 statistics program.

Results

The results obtained show that there is a success rate of 93.8% and a 6.2% failure rate of the teeth evaluated. There was also significant evidence as regards teeth with proper restorations, whether direct or indirect, and root canal treatments considered as successful, according to Fisher's Test (P<.01), with a confidence level of 95%.

Conclusions

It can be concluded with the results obtained, that there is a high success rate (93.8%), and that there is a statistically significant association between the quality of the restoration and the presence of symptoms.

Objective

To evaluate the educational environment in dental school perceived by students at two critical transitional periods in their education: Preclinical and clinical (transition from the classroom to clinical environments and commencement of patient care)

Method

A total of 275 dental students (third, fourth and fifth year) of the San Sebastian University Dental School were asked to complete the Spanish adaptation of the DREEM Questionnaire in 2012 in (117 were preclinical and 158 were clinical students). The individual results were calculated, as well as both the overall and individual domain scores. The chi-squared test was used to analyse differences in nominal data. Cronbach's alpha was employed to assess the internal consistency of the subscales of the instrument. A P<.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results

The mean score was 120.42 in the preclinical area, and 121.83 to 110.38 in the clinical area. As regards the learning and teaching process, students have a good perception of the environment. The domains of perception of Teachers and Social Self-Perception obtain the lowest scores.

Discussion

The perceptions of the students in the preclinical area differ from those of the clinical area, with the latter feeling that participation in the classroom decreases. This may be due to the fact that the number of practice hours are much greater than theory hours, leading to a considerable reduction in the amount of classroom time at the expense of an increase in clinical hours. The identified positive and negative areas will help to focus actions to improve the educational environment for dentistry students.

Objective

The aim of this double- blind, placebo- controlled parallel- arm, randomised clinical trial was to evaluate the clinical effects of a sachet of Lactobacillus rhamnosus SP1-containing probiotic as an adjunct to non-surgical therapy.

Material and method

Fourty- nine subjects were screened for their elegibility to participate in this study. Twenty-eight systemically healthy volunteers with chronic periodontitis were enrolled and monitored clinically at baseline, and at 3 and 6 months after therapy. Clinical parameters measured included plaque index, bleeding on probing, pocket probing depths (PPD), and clinical attachment loss. Patients received non-surgical therapy including scaling and root planing (SRP), and were randomly assigned to a test (SRP + probiotic, n = 14) or control (SRP + placebo, n = 14) group. The administration of a sachet of Lactobacillus rhamnosus SP1 probiotic once a day for 3 months commenced after the last session of SRP.

Results

Both test and control groups showed improvements in clinical parameters at all time points evaluated. Furthermore, at initial visits and after 6 months follow-up, the test group showed a statistically significant reduction in percentage of sites, teeth, and number of participants with PPD ≥ 5 mm.

Conclusions

The results of this trial indicate that oral administration of L. rhamnosus SP1 sachets during initial therapy resulted in similar clinical improvements compared to SRP alone.

The procedure of maxillary sinus lifting using autogenous bone was considered the reference standard choice for oral rehabilitation in cases of severe atrophic maxilla. However, it is not always a viable option, due to the limitations or morbidity caused by grafting techniques. This has led to the development of bone substitutes, which have been elaborated and improved. Choosing the best biomaterial becomes difficult due to the wide variety of bone substitutes. The aim of this article is to present some of these materials that are reported in the current scientific literature for maxillary sinus lifting.

The prevalence of periodontal diseases is high, and is related to oral biofilm and other risk factors such as age, smoking, diabetes, hereditary factors, etc.

Objective

The objective of this review was to examine studies on the prevalence of chronic periodontitis in Latin America.

Methods

A search was conducted for cross sectional and cohort studies to determine the prevalence of chronic periodontitis in Latin America. The clinical features of the periodontal diseases used for diagnosis in epidemiologic studies were identified, such as clinical probing depth, clinical attachment level, and bleeding on probing. An analysis was also performed on the periodontal indices used.

Results

Although consensus criteria have been formed to unify the case definition of periodontitis, they are not always used in studies of periodontal disease prevalence. For this reason the comparison between different studies is difficult. The evidence on the prevalence of periodontitis in Latin America found in PubMed and other Scientific data bases is limited. Only in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Spain, Dominican Republic and Guatemala was it possible to find information. There are few population studies in Latin America, and the diagnostic criteria used are heterogeneous. It was not possible to perform a meta-analysis. All this makes it difficult to make an accurate comparison between countries. Also, some studies use indices that are not currently recognised in periodontal consensus in order to determine the true prevalence of periodontal diseases (Community Periodontal Index).

Conclusion

Most studies show that the prevalence of chronic periodontitis in Latin America is high, and the extent and severity of insertion loss and increased probing depth increases with age.

Introduction

In cosmetic dentistry the selection of colour can be performed by visual or instrumental methods. The former is subjective, influenced by multiple factors and widely used by dentists, whilst the latter, using a spectrophotometer, is objective and simple but little used.

Objective

To compare the results in the selection of colour by a visual method and using the Easyshade Compact spectrophotometer, to verify whether there are differences between them.

Material and method

A total of 50 dentists, 25 men and 25 women, were asked to select the colour of a healthy anterior tooth using the 3D Master Vitapan, and the results were compared with those obtained when using the Easyshade Compact spectrophotometer. The data obtained were analysed using the Chi-squared statistical test.

Results

The colour obtained by the visual colour selection matched that obtained with spectrophotometer by 18% of dentists. The colour selection by the visual method was different to that obtained with the spectrophotometer for 76% of women and 88% of men.

Conclusions

There are statistically significant differences between the selection of colour with the visual method and with spectrophotometer (P < .0005). Gender does not seem to be a determining factor in the selection of colour (P < .232).