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Production and action pattern of inulinase from Aspergillus Niger-245: hydrolysis of inulin from several sources 黑曲霉-245菊粉酶的生产和作用模式:几种来源菊粉的水解
Pub Date : 1998-10-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0001-37141998000400013
V. Cruz, J. Belote, Márcia Zilioli Belline, R. Cruz
A strain of Aspergillus niger isolated from soil samples showed great capacity to produce extracellular inulinase. Although the enzyme has been synthesized in presence of monosaccharides, sucrose and sugar cane molasse, the productivity was significantly higher (p<0.05) when the microorganism was inoculated in media formulated with dahlia extract and pure inulin, as carbon sources. With regard to the nitrogen source, the best results were obtained with casein and other sources of proteic nitrogen, comparatively to the mineral nitrogen. However, statistic significance (p<0.01) only was found between the productivity obtained in the medium prepared with casein and ammonium sulphate. The optimum pH of the purified enzyme for inulin hydrolysis was found between 4.0 and 4.5 and the optimun temperature at 60oC. When treated by 30 minutes in this temperature no loss of activity was observed. The enzyme showed capacity to hydrolyse sucrose, raffinose and inulin from which it liberated only fructose units showing, therefore, an exo-action mechanism. Acting on inulins from several sources, the enzyme showed larger hydrolysis speed on the polissaccharide from chicory (Cichorium intibus), comparatively, to the inulins from dahlia (Dahlia pinnata) and Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus) roots.
从土壤样品中分离出的一株黑曲霉具有很强的胞外菊粉酶生产能力。虽然该酶在单糖、蔗糖和甘蔗糖蜜的存在下合成,但在以大丽花提取物和纯菊粉为碳源的培养基中接种时,其产率显著提高(p<0.05)。在氮源方面,酪蛋白和其他蛋白质氮源的效果最好,而矿物氮源的效果最好。而酪蛋白培养基与硫酸铵培养基的产率差异有统计学意义(p<0.01)。所得酶解菊粉的最佳pH值为4.0 ~ 4.5,最佳温度为60℃。在此温度下处理30分钟后,未观察到活性丧失。该酶显示出水解蔗糖、棉子糖和菊糖的能力,从中它只释放果糖单位,因此显示出一种外显作用机制。该酶对多种来源的菊粉均有较好的水解作用,对菊苣多糖的水解速度较快,对大丽花和菊芋根菊粉的水解速度较慢。
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引用次数: 48
Structure-biological activity relationship of synthetic trihydroxilated chalcones 合成三羟基查尔酮的结构-生物活性关系
Pub Date : 1998-09-09 DOI: 10.1590/S0001-37141998000400014
C. Devia, N. Pappano, N. Debattista
A atividade bacteriostatica de 2’,4’,2-trihidroxichalcona, 2’,4’,3-trihidroxichalcona e 2’,4’,4-trihidroxichalcona, preparadas por condensacao de 2,4-dihidroxiacetofenona e benzaldeido convenientemente substituido, contra Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 foi avaliada pela tecnica de difusao em placas. Importantes halos de inibicao foram observados para os tres compostos. Com o proposito de esclarecer a relacao estrutura-atividade biologica, as concentracoes inibitorias minimas (CIM) frente a S. aureus foram determinadas, empregando o metodo da diluicao em caldo. Os resultados obtidos foram semelhantes a 2’,4’-dihidroxichalcona, observando-se a seguinte ordem: CIM 2’,4’,3-(OH)3 > CIM 2’,4’-(OH)2 > CIM 2’,4’,4-(OH)3 > CIM 2’,4’,2-(OH). A sequencia obtida mostra que a introducao de um grupo doador de eletrons (OH) no anel aromatico B provoca um aumento da bioatividade, sendo a intensidade dependente da posicao do substituinte -OH.
bacteriostatica活动2’4’-trihidroxichalcona 2’4’’-trihidroxichalcona和2 3 4 4 -trihidroxichalcona’,自家做的2、4为condensacao -dihidroxiacetofenona benzaldeido方便更换,对金黄色葡萄球菌菌种25923被difusao技术评估板。这三种化合物都有重要的抑制晕。为了阐明结构-生物活性关系,采用肉汤稀释法测定了金黄色葡萄球菌的最低抑菌浓度(mic)。结果相似的2’,4’-dihidroxichalcona,观察下列顺序:CIM’4’3 - (OH) 3 > 2 CIM’4’(OH) 2 > CIM’4’4 - (OH) 3 > CIM’4’2 -(哦)。序列表明,在芳香化B环中引入电子供体基团(OH)可提高生物活性,其强度取决于OH取代基的位置。
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引用次数: 19
INTERFERON SELECTIVELY INHIBITS THE SYNTHESIS OF MAYARO VIRUS GLYCOPROTEINS 干扰素选择性抑制马雅罗病毒糖蛋白的合成
Pub Date : 1998-09-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0001-37141998000300014
D. Ferreira, M. C. Rebello
We have previously observed that interferon (recIFNa2b) blocks the process of morphogenesis of Mayaro virus in TC7 cells (monkey kidney). In this work we show that IFNa inhibits preferentially virus glycoproteins and their precursors, and this effect is probably correlated to the alterations in the morphogenesis process previously observed.
我们之前观察到干扰素(recIFNa2b)阻断了TC7细胞(猴肾)中Mayaro病毒的形态发生过程。在这项工作中,我们发现IFNa优先抑制病毒糖蛋白及其前体,这种作用可能与先前观察到的形态发生过程的改变有关。
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引用次数: 1
MICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF DARK RED LATOSOL SAMPLES STORED AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES 不同温度下暗红色红土样品的微生物活性
Pub Date : 1998-09-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0001-37141998000300002
F. Vieira, E. Nahas
The enzymatic activity of soil samples stored at temperatures of 5 to -12oC and at room temperature for 0-32 weeks was determined. While alkaline phosphatase and dehydrogenase activity was decreased compared to control in samples stored at low temperatures, acid phosphatase activity showed no significant change.
测定土壤样品在5 ~ -12℃和室温下贮存0 ~ 32周的酶活性。低温贮藏的样品碱性磷酸酶和脱氢酶活性较对照降低,酸性磷酸酶活性无显著变化。
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引用次数: 4
ANTIBIOTIC PRODUCTION BY STREPTOMYCES HYGROSCOPICUS D1.5: CULTURAL EFFECT 吸湿链霉菌d1.5的抗生素生产:培养效果
Pub Date : 1998-09-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0001-37141998000300003
B. K. Bhattacharyya, S. C. Pal, S. Sen
In an attempt to screen out new potent antibiotic producers from soil, Streptomyces hygroscopicus D1.5 was isolated and was found antagonistic to both bacteria and fungi. It could utilise arginine as nitrogen source and glycerol as carbon source at 0.75 g/l and 11.5 g/l level, respectively for maximum antibiotic yield.
为了从土壤中筛选新的强效抗生素,分离出吸湿链霉菌D1.5,发现其对细菌和真菌均有拮抗作用。以精氨酸为氮源,以甘油为碳源,在0.75 g/l和11.5 g/l的水平下,抗生素产量最高。
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引用次数: 41
INHIBITION OF MAYARO VIRUS REPLICATION BY PROSTAGLANDIN A1 IN Aedes albopictus CELLS 前列腺素A1对白纹伊蚊细胞MAYARO病毒复制的抑制作用
Pub Date : 1998-09-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0001-37141998000300013
J. A. Barbosa, M. Rebello
Prostaglandin A1 (PGA1) inhibits Mayaro virus replication in Aedes albopictus cells at nontoxic doses to uninfected cells. At 10 µg/ml, PGA1 decreases virus production by 90%. The presence of PGA1 during virus adsorption, with no treatment after infection, reduces virus yield by 41%. Antiviral activity is observed even when treatment starts at one or two hours post-infection. However, in cells pre-treated with PGA1 during 24 hours, virus replication is not impaired. Thus, events ocurring during initial stages of infection and after virus adsorption and penetration must be the target of PGA1 action. SDS-PAGE analysis of 35S-methionine labelled proteins shows that PGA1 inhibits the synthesis of viral proteins and induces the synthesis of polypeptides with molecular weight of 70 kDa, 57 kDa and 23 kDa. In cells pre-treated with actinomycin D the induction of those proteins is suppressed. In addition, actinomycin D treatment prevents PGA1antiviral activity, indicating that PGA1-induced stress proteins are probably involved in this mechanism.
前列腺素A1 (PGA1)以无毒剂量抑制白纹伊蚊细胞中的Mayaro病毒复制。当浓度为10µg/ml时,PGA1可使病毒产量降低90%。PGA1在病毒吸附过程中存在,感染后不处理,病毒产量降低41%。即使在感染后一两个小时开始治疗,也能观察到抗病毒活性。然而,在用PGA1预处理24小时的细胞中,病毒复制并未受损。因此,在感染的初始阶段和病毒吸附和渗透之后发生的事件必须是PGA1作用的目标。对35s -蛋氨酸标记蛋白的SDS-PAGE分析表明,PGA1抑制病毒蛋白的合成,并诱导其合成分子量为70、57和23 kDa的多肽。在放线菌素D预处理的细胞中,这些蛋白的诱导被抑制。此外,放线菌素D处理可抑制pga1的抗病毒活性,表明pga1诱导的应激蛋白可能参与了这一机制。
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引用次数: 3
A Preliminary Note on Yeasts Associated With Fecal Pellets of Rodents and Marsupials of Atlantic Forest Fragments in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 巴西里约热内卢大西洋森林碎片中啮齿动物和有袋动物粪便颗粒中酵母菌的初步研究
Pub Date : 1998-09-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0001-37141998000300004
J. Abranches, H. N. Nóbrega, P. Valente, L. Mendonça-Hagler, A. Hagler
Leveduras em pelotas fecais de pequenos mamiferos provenientes de fragmentos de Mata Atlântica tiveram contagem media acima de 106 UFC/g. A maioria das 55 especies isoladas foi de ascomicetos fermentativos, com as mais frequentes sendo Debaryomyces hansenii, Pichia membranifaciens e Issatchenkia orientalis, enquanto Rhodotorula mucilaginosa foi a levedura mais frequente de afinidade basidiomicetica.
来自大西洋森林碎片的小型哺乳动物粪便颗粒中的酵母平均计数在106 cfu /g以上。55种分离菌株以发酵子囊菌为主,以hansenii Debaryomyces hansenii、Pichia membranifaciens和Issatchenkia orientalis为主,以粘液红酵母为主。
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引用次数: 1
Frequency of Nonfermentative Gram-Negative Bacilli Isolated from Clinical Materials of Pacients at Universidade Federal do Ceará Hospital Complex - Brazil 巴西联邦大学<e:1>综合医院患者临床材料中分离的非发酵革兰氏阴性杆菌的频率
Pub Date : 1998-09-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0001-37141998000300006
C. Frota, J. L. Moreira
Among one thousand eight hundred and thirty-four Gram-negative bacilli, isolated at Universidade Federal do Ceara hospital complex - Brazil, from January 1995 to February 1996, 456 (24.8%) were Nonfermentative Gram-Negative Bacilli (NFGNB). This study reports their identification to the species level and their frequency as well. Thirteen genera and thirty species were identified and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most frequent species (69.95%), followed by Acinetobacter baumannii (5.48%) and by Acinetobacter lwoffii (3.95%). Among the identified P.aeruginosa strains, 94.1% produced pigment but 7.9% of them produced pigment only after being cultivated several times. The frequency of the most species was similar to that reported in the literature.
1995年1月至1996年2月,在巴西联邦塞亚拉大学综合医院分离出的1834株革兰氏阴性杆菌中,456株(24.8%)为非发酵革兰氏阴性杆菌(NFGNB)。本研究报告了它们在物种水平上的鉴定以及它们的频率。共检出13属30种,以铜绿假单胞菌最多(69.95%),其次为鲍曼不动杆菌(5.48%)和伊氏不动杆菌(3.95%)。在已鉴定的铜绿假单胞菌中,94.1%的菌株产生色素,但7.9%的菌株需要经过多次培养才能产生色素。大多数物种的出现频率与文献报道相似。
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引用次数: 15
ANTAGONISM AGAINST VIBRIO CHOLERAE BY BACTERIAL DIFFUSIBLE COMPOUND IN THE FECAL MICROBIOTA OF RODENTS 啮齿动物粪便微生物群中细菌扩散化合物对霍乱弧菌的拮抗作用
Pub Date : 1998-09-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0001-37141998000300016
Simone Helena Da Silva, E. Vieira, J. Nicoli
O aparecimento de halo de inibicao contra o Vibrio cholerae a partir das fezes de ratos Wistar e Fischer nas idades de 10 a 42 dias foi observado usando um teste ex vivo em placa. A frequencia de ratos Wistar apresentando halo aumentou de 0% (10 dias) ate um maximo de 80,0% (29 dias) antes de decair para 53,3% (42 dias). Um perfil similar foi obtido com os ratos Fischer mas com valores inferiores (frequencia maxima de 50,0% no dia 36). Num experimento separado quando ratos Wistar foram alimentados com uma racao deficiente em proteina a frequencia de halo diminuiu drasticamente. Tres morfologias de colonias aparentemente distintas foram isoladas da microbiota fecal dominante: uma bacteria anaerobia facultativa (ANF) e duas anaerobias estritas (ANS). O teste inibitorio ex vivo mostrou halo ao redor das fezes de camundongos isentos de germes monoassociados com a bacteria ANF ou uma das bacterias ANS mas nao para os animais isentos de germes. Apos desafio oral de todos os grupos com o V. cholerae, barreiras permissiva e drastica foram observadas em camundongos associados com as bacterias ANF e ANS, respectivamente. As bacterias ANF e uma ANS usadas em monoassociacao nos desafios in vivo foram identificadas como Escherichia coli e Streptococcus intermedius, respectivamente. O potente antagonismo demostrado pela microbiota intestinal de ratos contra V. cholerae parece devido, em parte, a compostos difusiveis e este fenomeno depende aparentemente da idade, de especie e da nutricao do animal. Esses dados preliminares sugerem tambem que este antagonismo seja devido a mais de um componente bacteriano num instante dado.
用体外平板试验观察Wistar大鼠和Fischer大鼠10 ~ 42日龄粪便中霍乱弧菌抑制带的出现。出现晕的Wistar大鼠的频率从0%(10天)增加到80.0%(29天),然后衰减到53.3%(42天)。Fischer大鼠也有类似的情况,但数值较低(第36天最高频率为50.0%)。在另一项实验中,当Wistar大鼠喂食蛋白质缺乏的racao时,光晕频率显著降低。从主要的粪便微生物群中分离出三种明显不同的菌落形态:一种兼性厌氧细菌(ANF)和两种严格厌氧细菌(ANS)。体外抑制试验显示,与ANF或ANS单相关的无细菌小鼠的粪便周围有光环,但无细菌动物的粪便周围没有光环。所有组口服霍乱弧菌后,在与ANF和ANS相关的小鼠中分别观察到允许和剧烈的障碍。用于体内挑战的单结合细菌ANF和ANS分别被鉴定为大肠杆菌和中间链球菌。大鼠肠道菌群对霍乱弧菌表现出的强拮抗作用似乎部分是由于可扩散化合物,这种现象显然取决于动物的年龄、种类和营养。这些初步数据还表明,这种拮抗是由于在任何给定时间内不止一种细菌成分造成的。
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引用次数: 2
Transfer of clindamicyn resistance between Bacteroides fragilis group strains isolated from clinical specimens 临床标本分离的脆弱拟杆菌群菌株间克林霉素耐药性转移
Pub Date : 1998-09-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0001-37141998000300007
C. B. Carvalho, J. L. Moreira, M. Ferreira
Clindamycin resistance was trasferred by a conjugation-like process from Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron 52, a multiple antibiotic-resistant strain isolated from clinical specimens, to other Bacteroides species. A possible association between a plasmid detected in the donor strain and clindamycin resistance is discussed.
克林霉素耐药性通过偶联过程从从临床标本中分离出的多重耐药菌株拟杆菌52转移到其他拟杆菌。讨论了在供体菌株中检测到的质粒与克林霉素耐药性之间的可能联系。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
Revista De Microbiologia
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