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Periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis and cervical adenitis syndrome in children: a brief literature review 儿童周期性发热、口疮性口炎、咽炎和宫颈腺炎综合征:简要文献综述
IF 1.7 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2022-06-10 DOI: 10.1590/1984-0462/2022/40/2021087IN
C. Okamoto, Hanne Lise Chaves, Mateus José Schmitz
ABSTRACT Objective: To describe clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic characteristics of the periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis and cervical adenitis (PFAPA) syndrome. Data source: Literature review in the PubMed database by using specific descriptors to identify all articles published in the English language in the last three years; 38 articles were found. After performing selection of titles and abstract analysis, 13 out of the 38 articles were fully read. Relevant studies found in the references of the reviewed articles were also included. Data synthesis: The PFAPA syndrome (Periodic Fever, Aphthous Stomatitis, Pharyngitis and cervical Adenitis) is a medical condition grouped among the periodic fever syndromes. The etiology is uncertain, but possibly multifactorial, and its symptoms are accompanied by recurrent febrile episodes although weight and height development are preserved. It is a self-limiting disease of benign course with remission of two to three years without significant interference in the patient's overall development. Treatment consists of three pillars: interruption of febrile episodes, increase in the interval between episodes, and remission. Conclusions: Despite several attempts to establish more sensitive and specific criteria, the diagnosis of PFAPA syndrome is still clinical and reached by exclusion, based on the modified Marshall's criteria. The most common pharmacological options for treatment include prednisolone and betamethasone; colchicine may be used as prophylaxis, and surgical treatment with tonsillectomy can be considered in selected cases.
摘要目的:探讨周期性发热、口疮性口炎、咽炎和宫颈腺炎(PFAPA)综合征的临床、诊断和治疗特点。数据来源:PubMed数据库中的文献综述,通过使用特定的描述符识别近三年内以英语发表的所有文章;共发现38件物品。在进行标题选择和摘要分析后,38篇文章中有13篇被完全阅读。同时纳入了被审稿文章参考文献中的相关研究。资料综合:PFAPA综合征(周期性发热、口疮性口炎、咽炎和宫颈腺炎)是一种属于周期性发热综合征的医学病症。病因不确定,但可能是多因素的,其症状伴有反复发热发作,但体重和身高的发展保持不变。它是一种自限性的良性疾病,病程可缓解2 - 3年,对患者的整体发展无明显干扰。治疗包括三个支柱:发热发作的中断,发作间隔的增加和缓解。结论:尽管多次尝试建立更敏感和特异性的标准,但PFAPA综合征的诊断仍然是临床根据修改后的Marshall标准进行排除。最常见的药物治疗方案包括强的松和倍他米松;秋水仙碱可用于预防,在选定的病例中可考虑扁桃体切除术的手术治疗。
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引用次数: 2
Availability of public outlets and regular consumption of fruits and vegetables among adolescents in public schools 在公立学校的青少年中提供公共销售点和经常食用水果和蔬菜
IF 1.7 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2022-06-10 DOI: 10.1590/1984-0462/2022/40/2021062IN
A. D. D. C. E. Silva, C. O. Machado, Aichely Rodrigues da Silva, D. A. Höfelmann
ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the association between the presence of public outlets selling fruits and vegetables and the regular intake of these foods by adolescents from public schools in the city of Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil. Methods: Data collection was carried out by a questionnaire answered by the adolescents. Regular intake was defined as eating fruits and vegetables five or more times a week. Environmental data were obtained by assessing the availability and prices of fruits and vegetables traded in public outlets within a 1.6-km radius from 30 randomly selected public schools. Results: A total of 1,232 students from 30 public schools participated in the study. 43.4% of the adolescents reported a regular intake of fruits; 67.0% of them reported a regular intake of vegetables. In the schools, fruit intake ranged from 26.8 to 68.0%, and the vegetables intake ranged from 54.8 to 82.2%. A total of 22 schools had fruit and vegetables being traded in their surroundings. Regular intake of vegetables was positively correlated with their variety (r=0.82; p=0.007). The Moran’s local index indicated low fruit intake in a high-supply region; in other three regions with low supply, there was a high intake of fruits; and there was a high consumption of vegetables in a high-supply region. Conclusions: There are differences in the supply of fruits and vegetables of public outlets in the school’s surroundings as well as in the distribution of regular intake among regions. The density of public outlets and the variety were both associated with greater intake of fruits and vegetables among adolescents of public school.
摘要目的:评估巴西巴拉那库里蒂巴市公立学校青少年经常食用水果和蔬菜与公共销售点的存在之间的关系。方法:采用青少年问卷调查的方法进行数据收集。定期摄入的定义是每周吃五次或五次以上的水果和蔬菜。环境数据是通过评估30所随机选择的公立学校1.6公里半径内公共场所交易的水果和蔬菜的供应情况和价格获得的。结果:共有来自30所公立学校的1232名学生参与了这项研究。43.4%的青少年报告经常摄入水果;67.0%的受访者表示经常摄入蔬菜。在这些学校中,水果摄入量从26.8%到68.0%不等,蔬菜摄入量从54.8%到82.2%不等。共有22所学校的水果和蔬菜在其周围进行交易。蔬菜的规律性摄入量与其品种呈正相关(r=0.82;p=0.007);在其他三个供应量较低的地区,水果的摄入量较高;在高供应地区,蔬菜的消费量很高。结论:学校周边公共网点的果蔬供应存在差异,各地区的正常摄入量分布也存在差异。公共场所的密度和种类都与公立学校青少年更多地摄入水果和蔬菜有关。
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引用次数: 0
Genetic polymorphisms and plasma concentrations of leptin (rs7799039) and adiponectin (rs17300539) are associated with obesity in children and adolescents 瘦素(rs779039)和脂联素(rs17300539)的遗传多态性和血浆浓度与儿童和青少年肥胖有关
IF 1.7 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2022-06-10 DOI: 10.1590/1984-0462/2022/40/2021030IN
C. Menezes, Eduardo Rodrigues Alves Junior, G. N. O. Costa, T. Dombroski, R. T. Mattos, J. A. Gomes, F. Rios-Santos
ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the anthropometric, biochemical, and hormonal characteristics and the presence of genetic polymorphisms of leptin, adiponectin, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) between eutrophic and obese children and adolescents. Methods: This is a case–control study involving 104 children and adolescents. All subjects were assessed for anthropometric characteristics and clinical, laboratory, and genetic polymorphism parameters. The sample was selected from the pediatric endocrinology outpatient clinic specialized in the treatment of obesity in children and adolescents according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) classification, and controls were selected from the same location in the general pediatric outpatient clinic. Results: As a result, the parameters, such as black color, obese parents, hypertensive parents, and early weaning, were found to be associated with obesity. Increased levels of insulin, triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, CRP-U, AST, ALT, GGT, free T4, IGF-1, and uric acid and low levels of HDL cholesterol are found to be associated with a higher chance of obesity. The presence of AG/AA polymorphisms in the leptin is associated with a 290% (OR 3.9) higher chance of obesity, and for adiponectin genes, the chances are 740% (OR 8.4) higher. In these obese children and adolescents with AG/AA haplotypes, serum leptin levels were increased and adiponectin levels were decreased in eutrophic individuals, whereas serum TNF-α levels did not change. Conclusions: The AG/AA polymorphisms in the leptin and adiponectin genes alter the serum levels of these adipokines and predispose them to obesity, and many anthropometric, biochemical, and hormonal markers are altered, demonstrating early consequences for the health of these obese children and adolescents.
摘要目的:本研究的目的是比较富营养化和肥胖儿童和青少年的人体测量学、生化和激素特征以及瘦素、脂联素和肿瘤坏死因子α (TNF-α)遗传多态性的存在。方法:这是一项涉及104名儿童和青少年的病例对照研究。评估所有受试者的人体测量特征、临床、实验室和遗传多态性参数。样本根据美国疾病控制与预防中心(CDC)的分类从专门治疗儿童和青少年肥胖的儿科内分泌科门诊选取,对照组则从同一地点的普通儿科门诊选取。结果:发现黑肤色、父母肥胖、父母高血压、过早断奶等参数与肥胖有关。研究发现,胰岛素、甘油三酯、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、CRP-U、AST、ALT、GGT、游离T4、IGF-1和尿酸水平的升高以及高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平的降低与肥胖的高几率有关。瘦素中AG/AA多态性的存在与肥胖几率增加290% (OR 3.9)相关,脂联素基因的几率增加740% (OR 8.4)。在这些患有AG/AA单倍型的肥胖儿童和青少年中,富营养化个体的血清瘦素水平升高,脂联素水平降低,而血清TNF-α水平没有变化。结论:瘦素和脂联素基因的AG/AA多态性改变了这些脂肪因子的血清水平,使他们易患肥胖,许多人体测量学、生化和激素标志物也发生了改变,显示了这些肥胖儿童和青少年健康的早期后果。
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引用次数: 0
Spatio-temporal analysis of infant mortality in the city of Rio de Janeiro, 2010–2019 2010-2019年里约热内卢市婴儿死亡率的时空分析
IF 1.7 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2022-06-10 DOI: 10.1590/1984-0462/2022/40/2021061IN
V. Dutra, J. Sampaio, Camila de Souza Caputo, Raphael Mendonça Guimarães
ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the spatio-temporal distribution of infant mortality and its components in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in 2010 and 2019. Methods: Infant mortality rate and the neonatal and postneonatal components were estimated. The standardized mortality rate was calculated to detect excess child mortality in the planning areas. Poisson regression was performed to estimate the effect of these planning areas on the years 2010 and 2019. Spatial analysis per neighborhoods was performed to identify the spatial autocorrelation rates, using the Moran’s Index and local indicator of spatial association (LISA). Results: The planning areas are very heterogeneous, depending on the history and evolution of occupation. There is an excess of mortality in planning areas with greater social vulnerability. In the Poisson model, it was observed that in all components, the planning area (PA) of residence was statistically significant as well as the year. Moran’s index did not show global spatial autocorrelation. However, when applying the LISA method, autocorrelation was observed at the local level and spatial clusters in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro. Conclusions: The spatial heterogeneity of the infant mortality rate in Rio de Janeiro suggests that local health policy strategies of each region consist in an efficient measure for reducing this rate.
摘要目的:描述2010年和2019年巴西里约热内卢市婴儿死亡率及其组成部分的时空分布。方法:估计婴儿死亡率以及新生儿和新生儿后的组成部分。计算标准化死亡率是为了检测规划地区的超额儿童死亡率。进行泊松回归以估计这些规划区域对2010年和2019年的影响。使用Moran指数和空间关联局部指标(LISA),对每个邻域进行空间分析,以确定空间自相关率。结果:根据职业的历史和演变,规划区域非常异质。在社会脆弱性较大的规划地区,死亡率过高。在泊松模型中,可以观察到,在所有组成部分中,住宅规划面积(PA)与年份一样具有统计学意义。莫兰指数没有显示出全球空间自相关。然而,在应用LISA方法时,在里约热内卢市的地方一级和空间集群中观察到了自相关。结论:里约热内卢婴儿死亡率的空间异质性表明,每个地区的地方卫生政策战略都包含降低婴儿死亡率的有效措施。
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引用次数: 0
Attitudes and practice of caregivers for cow's milk allergy according to stages of behavior change 根据行为变化阶段护理人员对牛奶过敏的态度和做法
IF 1.7 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2022-06-03 DOI: 10.1590/1984-0462/2022/40/2021133IN
Gabriela Rodrigues Ullmann, Dayane Pêdra Batista de Faria, K. Zihlmann, P. G. Speridião
ABSTRACT Objective: To verify the attitudes and practices of dietary management for cow's milk allergy by caregivers according to the stages of behavior change. Methods: Observational, cross-sectional study involving 30 caregivers of children with cow's milk allergy who were followed up in a specialized outpatient clinic, from July 2018 to May 2019. Data collection included a structured questionnaire about sociodemographic aspects, social classification and an adapted algorithm to classify the stages of behavior change based on a trans-theoretical model. Results: Most caregivers (26/30) were females aged 20 to 48 years and belonging to social classes C, D and E. Regarding the stages of behavior change for the dietary management of cow's milk allergy according to the model, 80% of the participants (24/30) were in the action stage, while 20% (6/30) were in the maintenance stage. Conclusions: The attitudes and practices of caregivers for the dietary management of cow's milk allergy are influenced by feelings and emotions that can interfere with communication and the understanding of dietary guidelines; however, these caregivers are in different stages of action and maintenance to change behavior that correspond to their attitudes and practices.
摘要目的:验证护理人员根据行为变化阶段对牛奶过敏的饮食管理态度和做法。方法:2018年7月至2019年5月,在一家专科门诊对30名牛奶过敏儿童的护理人员进行了观察性横断面研究。数据收集包括一份关于社会人口学方面的结构化问卷、社会分类和一种基于跨理论模型对行为变化阶段进行分类的自适应算法。结果:大多数照顾者(26/30)是20至48岁的女性,属于C、D和E社会阶层。根据该模型,关于牛奶过敏饮食管理的行为变化阶段,80%的参与者(24/30)处于行动阶段,20%(6/30)处于维持阶段。结论:照顾者对牛奶过敏饮食管理的态度和做法受到情感和情绪的影响,这些情感和情绪会干扰沟通和对饮食指南的理解;然而,这些照顾者处于不同的行动和维持阶段,以改变与其态度和实践相对应的行为。
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引用次数: 0
Use of the amber teething necklace by the child population: risks versus benefits 儿童使用琥珀出牙项链:风险与收益
IF 1.7 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2022-05-27 DOI: 10.1590/1984-0462/2022/40/2020412IN
Ana-Lídia-Soares Cota, Emilly Alves da Silva, N. Freitas, José Sarmento Lins Irmão Bisneto, Gabriella Marinho Buriti, Júlia Quintella Lessa Maia Valente, Mariana Alencar Nemezio
Abstract Objective: Based on scientific evidence, the objective of the present study is to report the possible risks and benefits of the amber teething necklace for children who use it. Data source: This is an integrative literature review, carried out based on the following guiding question: “Does the amber teething necklace have therapeutic properties that justify its usage during tooth eruption?”. The consulted databases were LILACS (Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature) and PubMed (National Center for Biotechnology Information), with the following descriptors: “Amber,” “Deciduous teeth,” “Strangulation,” and “Local symptoms.” Data synthesis: A total of five scientific articles were selected, which indicates an insufficient basis regarding the benefits associated with the use of the amber teething necklace. Conversely, there is a convergence regarding the possibility of health risks such as strangulation, asphyxiation, and swallowing of beads. Conclusions: Health professionals should discourage the use of the amber teething necklace by children insofar more studies on the topic are carried out.
摘要目的:基于科学证据,本研究的目的是报告琥珀出牙项链对儿童使用的可能风险和益处。数据来源:这是一项综合文献综述,基于以下指导问题:“琥珀出牙项链是否具有治疗特性,证明其在牙齿出牙期间的使用是合理的?”咨询的数据库是LILACS(拉丁美洲和加勒比健康科学文献)和PubMed(国家生物技术信息中心),描述符如下:“琥珀色”、“乳牙”、“绞勒”和“局部症状”。数据综合:总共选择了五篇科学文章,这表明关于使用琥珀出牙项链的好处的基础不足。相反,关于勒死、窒息和吞下珠子等健康风险的可能性也有一致看法。结论:卫生专业人员应该劝阻儿童使用琥珀出牙项链,目前对该主题进行了更多的研究。
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引用次数: 1
Epidemiological profile and temporal trend of exogenous intoxications in children and adolescents 儿童和青少年外源性中毒的流行病学概况和时间趋势
IF 1.7 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2022-05-27 DOI: 10.1590/1984-0462/2022/40/2021004IN
M. Melo, G. Santana, Matheus Henrique Almeida Rocha, R. Lima, Talles Alberto Bispo da Silva, C. D. F. Souza, Amanda Karine Barros Ferreira Rodrigues
Abstract Objective: To describe the epidemiological profile and to analyze the trend in the incidence rate of exogenous poisoning concerning children and adolescents (0–19 years old) in the city of Arapiraca, Alagoas, Brazil, in the period from 2007 to 2015. Methods: Observational study with data extracted from the Notifiable Diseases Information System. The variables sex, age group, toxic agent, and circumstance were analyzed using descriptive statistics. For temporal analysis, cut-off rates of incidence/10,000 inhabitants were calculated and the inflection point regression model was used for analysis. Results: There were 5,539 cases of exogenous intoxication in individuals aged 0–19 years in the city, of which 53.1% (n=2,944) occurred in girls and 61.5% (n=3,405) in children aged 0–9 years. Medicines consisted in the main agent responsible for intoxications (28.5%; n=1,580), mainly by accidental use (18.2%; n=1,010). There was a significant increase in the events during the study period (Average Annual Percent Change: 12.7; 95%CI 1.1–25.6; p<0.001), with rates increasing from 56.52/10,000 inhabitants in 2007 to 56.64/10,000 inhabitants in 2015. The incidence of cases in girls increased from 57.34/10,000 inhabitants in 2007 to 62.27/10,000 inhabitants in 2015. In boys, the incidence of cases was stationary: 55.69/10,000 inhabitants to 50.9 /10,000 inhabitants in the same period. Conclusions: The study showed a higher frequency of cases in girls aged 0 to 4 years and an increasing trend in the incidence rate during the study period. Implementation of actions and strategies, with emphasis on health education, is needed in order to prevent cases of exogenous intoxication.
摘要目的:描述2007-2015年巴西阿拉戈斯阿拉皮拉卡市儿童和青少年(0–19岁)外源性中毒的流行病学特征,并分析其发病率趋势。方法:采用从法定疾病信息系统中提取的数据进行观察研究。使用描述性统计分析变量性别、年龄组、毒性因素和环境。对于时间分析,计算了每10000名居民的发病率临界值,并使用拐点回归模型进行分析。结果:该市0~19岁个体发生外源性中毒5539例,其中53.1%(n=2944)发生在女孩身上,61.5%(n=3405)发生在0~9岁儿童身上。药物是导致中毒的主要药物(28.5%;n=1580),主要是意外使用(18.2%;n=1010)。在研究期间,事件显著增加(平均年百分比变化:12.7;95%置信区间1.1-25.6;p<0.001),发病率从2007年的56.52/000居民增加到2015年的56.64/1000居民。女孩的发病率从2007年的57.34/000居民增加到2015年的62.27/1000居民。在男孩中,病例发生率是稳定的:同期为55.69/10000居民至50.9/1000居民。结论:研究表明,0至4岁女孩的病例发生率较高,在研究期间发病率呈上升趋势。需要实施行动和战略,重点是健康教育,以预防外源性中毒。
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引用次数: 1
Risk factors for insufficient weight and height gain in children with congenital heart disease followed up at a nutrition outpatient clinic. 在营养门诊随访先天性心脏病患儿体重和身高增加不足的危险因素
IF 1.7 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2022-05-27 eCollection Date: 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/1984-0462/2022/40/2020512IN
Beatriz Cassaniga Talassi, Tulio Konstantyner, Stela de Almeida Miranda, Heitor Pons Leite

Objective: To describe weight and height evolution and to identify risk factors for insufficient anthropometric growth in children with congenital heart disease.

Methods: Historical cohort study including 131 children with congenital heart disease, followed up at a nutrition outpatient clinic. The anthropometric indices over time (initial score, after 12 and 24 months of follow-up) were analyzed using generalized estimating equations. The outcome was 'insufficient weight-height gain', defined as an increase of ≤0.5 in the z-score of weight-for-age (W/A), height-for-age (H/A) or body mass index-for-age (BMI/A) after 12 months of follow-up. Multiple logistic regression models were applied to identify risk and confounding factors.

Results: The z-scores of W/A (p<0.001) and BMI/A (p<0.001) improved after 12 months, as well as the three indexes after 24 months (p<0.001). At the end of this period, 55.7% of the patients did not achieve an increase of >0.5 in the Z score of W/A; 77.1%, of H/A; and 45.8%, of BMI/A. A follow-up of less than five appointments was associated with insufficient gain in W/A (OR 7.78; 95%CI 3.04-19.88), H/A (OR 10.79; 95%CI 2.22-52.45) and BMI/A (OR 2.54; 95%CI 1.12-5.75). Not having undergone cardiac surgery and being aged ≥12 months were factors associated with insufficient W/A gain (OR 3.95; 95%CI 1.38-11.29/OR 3.60; 95%CI 1.33-9.72) and BMI/A (OR 2.81; 95%CI 1.08-7.28/OR 3.39; 95%CI 1.34-8.56). Low income was associated with insufficient H/A gain (OR 4.11; 95%CI 1.25-13.46).

Conclusions: Being aged less than or 12 months, the lowest number of appointments, absence of surgical treatment and low family income were risk factors for insufficient weight and height gain in children with congenital heart disease.

摘要目的:了解先天性心脏病患儿的体重和身高变化,并探讨导致人体测量发育不全的危险因素。方法:对131例先天性心脏病患儿进行历史队列研究,随访于一家营养门诊。使用广义估计方程分析随时间变化的人体测量指标(初始评分,随访12个月和24个月后)。结果为“体重身高增加不足”,定义为随访12个月后年龄体重(W/A)、年龄身高(H/A)或年龄体重指数(BMI/A)的z分数增加≤0.5。应用多元逻辑回归模型识别危险因素和混杂因素。结果:W/A的Z得分(p < 0.05);H/A占77.1%;BMI/A的45.8%。随访少于5次预约与W/A增加不足相关(OR 7.78;95%ci 3.04-19.88), h / a(或10.79;95%CI 2.22-52.45)和BMI/A (OR 2.54;95%可信区间1.12 - -5.75)。未接受过心脏手术且年龄≥12个月是W/A增益不足的相关因素(OR 3.95;95%ci 1.38-11.29 / or 3.60;95%CI 1.33-9.72)和BMI/A (OR 2.81;95%ci 1.08-7.28 / or 3.39;95%可信区间1.34 - -8.56)。低收入与H/A增益不足相关(OR 4.11;95%可信区间1.25 - -13.46)。结论:年龄小于12个月、就诊次数最少、缺乏手术治疗和家庭收入低是先天性心脏病患儿体重和身高增长不足的危险因素。
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引用次数: 1
Excessive use of social media by high school students in southern Brazil. 巴西南部高中生过度使用社交媒体
IF 1.4 Q3 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2022-05-27 eCollection Date: 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/1984-0462/2022/40/2020420IN
Yohana Pereira Vieira, Vanise Dos Santos Ferreira Viero, Elizabet Saes-Silva, Priscila Arruda da Silva, Laura Silva da Silva, Mirelle de Oliveira Saes, Lauro Miranda Demenech, Samuel Carvalho Dumith

Objective: To assess the prevalence of excessive use of social media and associated factors, as well as possible health consequences in high school students in southern Brazil.

Methods: This is a population-based cross-sectional study, conducted with high school students in the city of Rio Grande, RS. All students who were attending high school at the Federal Institute of Rio Grande do Sul, campus Rio Grande, were eligible for this research in the second semester of 2019. In total, 513 students participated in the study. The dependent variable was excessive use of social media, defined as more than five hours per day. Descriptive and bivariate analyses were carried out and the Poisson regression was used to verify associations, with robust adjustment of variance.

Results: The prevalence of students who reported excessive use of social media was 35.9%. The groups that were most susceptible to excessive use of social media had the following profile: female, black/brown skin, aged between 18 and 20 years old, attending the first year of high school. Excessive use of social media was shown to be associated with smoking, risk of depression, anxiety and stress, high risk of suicide and drug use.

Conclusions: More than a third of students used social media excessively. This behavior was associated with negative health outcomes.

目的:评估巴西南部高中生过度使用社交媒体的流行程度及其相关因素,以及可能的健康后果。方法:这是一项以人群为基础的横断面研究,研究对象是德克萨斯州里约热内卢Grande市的高中生。所有在南里约热内卢Grande德州联邦学院里约热内卢Grande校区就读高中的学生都有资格在2019年第二学期参加这项研究。总共有513名学生参与了这项研究。因变量是过度使用社交媒体,定义为每天超过5小时。进行了描述性和双变量分析,并使用泊松回归验证相关性,并进行了稳健的方差调整。结果:学生过度使用社交媒体的比例为35.9%。最容易过度使用社交媒体的群体有以下特征:女性,黑/棕色皮肤,年龄在18至20岁之间,上高中一年级。过度使用社交媒体被证明与吸烟、抑郁风险、焦虑和压力、高自杀风险和吸毒有关。结论:超过三分之一的学生过度使用社交媒体。这种行为与负面的健康结果有关。
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引用次数: 0
Standard reference and percentiles of maximum respiratory pressures values of healthy children aged 7–10 years 7-10岁健康儿童最大呼吸压力值的标准参考值和百分位数
IF 1.7 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2022-05-27 DOI: 10.1590/1984-0462/2022/40/2021007IN
C. Schivinski, R. Wamosy, P. Parazzi, A. Morcillo
Abstract Objective: This study aims to present standard reference for values of maximum respiratory pressures of healthy schoolchildren, according to gender. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study involving healthy children aged 7–10 years. Data of body mass and height were evaluated to calculate body mass index (BMI). In addition, forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and maximal expiratory pressure values were evaluated according to the American Thoracic Society. The maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and data of maximal expiratory pressure (MEP) obtained in the study showed normal distribution and curves were built by the Lambda–Mu–Sigma (LMS) method, as well as the values of MIP and MEP percentiles 3, 10, 25, 50, 75, 90, and 97 for each gender. Results: MIP and MEP data were collected from 399 schoolchildren. All schoolchildren in the sample had adequate FEV1 and BMI. The study showed an increase in respiratory pressure values with age progression. The MIP and MEP values of girls were of 53.4±11.0 and 61.8±12.5cmH2O, respectively, and those of boys were 59.9±13.6 and 69.6±15.7cmH2O, respectively. Conclusions: Normal curves and percentiles were developed for MIP and MEP values of healthy schoolchildren. The extreme percentiles (3rd and 97th) were determined, and a specific graph was elaborated for each group. These graphs may help clinical follow-up and therapeutic monitoring of different pediatric populations.
摘要目的:本研究旨在根据性别提供健康学童最大呼吸压力值的标准参考。方法:这是一项横断面研究,涉及7-10岁的健康儿童。评估体重和身高数据以计算体重指数(BMI)。此外,根据美国胸科学会评估1秒用力呼气量(FEV1)和最大呼气压力值。研究中获得的最大吸气压力(MIP)和最大呼气压力(MEP)数据显示,正态分布和曲线是通过Lambda–Mu–Sigma(LMS)方法建立的,MIP和MEP的百分位数分别为3、10、25、50、75、90和97。结果:收集了399名小学生的MIP和MEP数据。样本中的所有学童都有足够的FEV1和BMI。研究表明,随着年龄的增长,呼吸压力值会增加。女孩的MIP和MEP值分别为53.4±11.0和61.8±12.5cmH2O,男孩分别为59.9±13.6和69.6±15.7cmH2O。结论:健康学童的MIP和MEP值呈正态曲线和百分位数。确定了极端百分位数(第3个和第97个),并为每组绘制了一个特定的图表。这些图表可能有助于不同儿科人群的临床随访和治疗监测。
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Revista Paulista De Pediatria
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