Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.37904/metal.2020.3511
A. Vasilyev, S. Sokolov, D. Sokolov, A. Zisman
To predict kinetics of static recrystallization with account of recovery and resulting grain size in alloyed austenite, a quantitative model is developed. Physically motivated, the model relates activation energy of the process with that of bulk self-diffusion. The known dependence of the latter on chemical composition of austenite solid solution, established previously, essentially simplifies the modeling. Employed empirical parameters have been fitted to relevant data covering a wide range of chemical compositions (12 steels) and sizes of recrystallized austenite grains. The model satisfactorily complies with experiments on steels whose apparent activation energy of recrystallization varies from 146.1 to 308.1 kJ/mol. It is notable as well that this performance has been achieved with no direct allowance for the pinning of grain boundaries by solute atoms (solute drag effect).
{"title":"MODELING of static recrystallization IN alloyed austenite with account of recovery","authors":"A. Vasilyev, S. Sokolov, D. Sokolov, A. Zisman","doi":"10.37904/metal.2020.3511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37904/metal.2020.3511","url":null,"abstract":"To predict kinetics of static recrystallization with account of recovery and resulting grain size in alloyed austenite, a quantitative model is developed. Physically motivated, the model relates activation energy of the process with that of bulk self-diffusion. The known dependence of the latter on chemical composition of austenite solid solution, established previously, essentially simplifies the modeling. Employed empirical parameters have been fitted to relevant data covering a wide range of chemical compositions (12 steels) and sizes of recrystallized austenite grains. The model satisfactorily complies with experiments on steels whose apparent activation energy of recrystallization varies from 146.1 to 308.1 kJ/mol. It is notable as well that this performance has been achieved with no direct allowance for the pinning of grain boundaries by solute atoms (solute drag effect).","PeriodicalId":21337,"journal":{"name":"Revue De Metallurgie-cahiers D Informations Techniques","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84529559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.37904/metal.2020.3644
P. Besta, L. Luzar
Basicity is one of the key chemical criteria in evaluating the properties of ore raw materials. The alkaline character of the blast furnace charge affects the efficiency of the iron production process in the blast furnace. The basicity of the raw ore material also affects the cost of the process, which may require additional basic additives. However, raw ore materials can be evaluated according to a range of criteria, which may be physical, chemical, economic or technological in character. In each category, many other criteria can be identified. Metallurgical companies have long endured problems in selecting suitable raw ore types and other input sources. Complications generally arise because of the wide spectrum of criteria, but also their varying character, which is difficult to uniformly assess. The range of criteria can be evaluated in categorically different units, which is then difficult to compare at an overall level. The significance and influence of basicity in relation to other key criteria in assessing ores was experimentally assessed in this research. The overall quality of the selected ores was also assessed under this task. Ore quality was analysed according to key criteria, which vary in character. Research was conducted at the company TŘINECKÉ ŽELEZÁRNY, a.s. The article discusses the results of research on the significance of basicity in the assessment criteria structure for ores and demonstrates the possibility of assessing ores using mathematical tools.
{"title":"The importance of ore raw materials basicity in terms of their comprehensive quality evaluation","authors":"P. Besta, L. Luzar","doi":"10.37904/metal.2020.3644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37904/metal.2020.3644","url":null,"abstract":"Basicity is one of the key chemical criteria in evaluating the properties of ore raw materials. The alkaline character of the blast furnace charge affects the efficiency of the iron production process in the blast furnace. The basicity of the raw ore material also affects the cost of the process, which may require additional basic additives. However, raw ore materials can be evaluated according to a range of criteria, which may be physical, chemical, economic or technological in character. In each category, many other criteria can be identified. Metallurgical companies have long endured problems in selecting suitable raw ore types and other input sources. Complications generally arise because of the wide spectrum of criteria, but also their varying character, which is difficult to uniformly assess. The range of criteria can be evaluated in categorically different units, which is then difficult to compare at an overall level. The significance and influence of basicity in relation to other key criteria in assessing ores was experimentally assessed in this research. The overall quality of the selected ores was also assessed under this task. Ore quality was analysed according to key criteria, which vary in character. Research was conducted at the company TŘINECKÉ ŽELEZÁRNY, a.s. The article discusses the results of research on the significance of basicity in the assessment criteria structure for ores and demonstrates the possibility of assessing ores using mathematical tools.","PeriodicalId":21337,"journal":{"name":"Revue De Metallurgie-cahiers D Informations Techniques","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85474197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.37904/metal.2020.3596
Franjo Kozina, Zdenka Zovko Brodarac
The corrosion resistance of aluminum-silicon (Al-Si) foundry alloys is a result of microstructure development influenced by melt treatment and solidification. As a part of the main eutectic (αAl + βSi), βSi particles are cathodic with respect to the αAl matrix enabling micro-galvanic couple formation and localized corrosion. Despite its high polarization and low current density, increase in the eutectic (αAl + βSi) will contribute to the microstructure degradation of an alloy in corrosive environment. The research was performed in order to estimate the influence of eutectic βSi particles size on the microstructure degradation of AlSi12 alloy with mixed morphology of eutectic (αAl + βSi). The results of light microscopy indicated preferred initiation and progress of cavities involving modified eutectic (αAl + βSi) with eutectic βSi particles of smaller average particle size. The unmodified eutectic (αAl + βSi) with lamellar morphology and dendrites of primary αAl phase were not visually affected by degradation. The average cavity size and pH value of the solution increase with the increasing exposure time, while microstructure degradation rate decreases.
{"title":"INFLUENCE OF MODIFICATION ON MICROSTRUCTURE DEGRADATION OF AlSi12 ALLOY EXPOSED TO THE CORROSION ENVIRONMENT","authors":"Franjo Kozina, Zdenka Zovko Brodarac","doi":"10.37904/metal.2020.3596","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37904/metal.2020.3596","url":null,"abstract":"The corrosion resistance of aluminum-silicon (Al-Si) foundry alloys is a result of microstructure development influenced by melt treatment and solidification. As a part of the main eutectic (αAl + βSi), βSi particles are cathodic with respect to the αAl matrix enabling micro-galvanic couple formation and localized corrosion. Despite its high polarization and low current density, increase in the eutectic (αAl + βSi) will contribute to the microstructure degradation of an alloy in corrosive environment. The research was performed in order to estimate the influence of eutectic βSi particles size on the microstructure degradation of AlSi12 alloy with mixed morphology of eutectic (αAl + βSi). The results of light microscopy indicated preferred initiation and progress of cavities involving modified eutectic (αAl + βSi) with eutectic βSi particles of smaller average particle size. The unmodified eutectic (αAl + βSi) with lamellar morphology and dendrites of primary αAl phase were not visually affected by degradation. The average cavity size and pH value of the solution increase with the increasing exposure time, while microstructure degradation rate decreases.","PeriodicalId":21337,"journal":{"name":"Revue De Metallurgie-cahiers D Informations Techniques","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80525215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.37904/metal.2020.3624
R. Karelin, I. Khmelevskaya, V. Komarov, V. Andreev, M. Perkas, V. Yusupov, S. Prokoshkin
Influence of quasi-continuous ECAP with channel intersection angles of 110 and 120° on the structure formation and properties of Ti-50.1 at% Ni shape memory alloy was studied and compared. The structure was studied using X-ray diffraction analyses and transmission electron microscopy. The mechanical properties were determined by the uniaxial tensile and hardness tests. The maximum completely recoverable strain and temperatures of reverse martensitic transformation were estimated by a thermomechanical method using a bending mode for strain inducing. After ECAP with channel intersection angle of 120° for 3 passes at 400 °C a mixed ultrafine-grained structure with high density of free dislocations and incompletely equiaxed structural elements size of about 130-150 nm is formed. In comparison, after ECAP with channel intersection angle of 110° an ultrafine-grained structure with deformation bands elongated in the direction perpendicular to the sample axis, consisting of the less uniform equiaxed and ellipsoid structural elements with the size of about 50-150 nm is obtained. After both studied ECAP regimes samples have relatively high values of hardness (220 HV) and strength characteristics (σy = 850/1000 MPa, σB = 1040/1020 MPa, 120/110°). Maximum completely recoverable strain of 7.1 % is obtained after ECAP with channel intersection angle of 110°, and post-deformation annealing at 400 °C, 1 h.
{"title":"Influence of quasi-continuous ECAP with various channel intersection angles on the structure formation, mechanical and functional properties of Ti-Ni shape memory alloys","authors":"R. Karelin, I. Khmelevskaya, V. Komarov, V. Andreev, M. Perkas, V. Yusupov, S. Prokoshkin","doi":"10.37904/metal.2020.3624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37904/metal.2020.3624","url":null,"abstract":"Influence of quasi-continuous ECAP with channel intersection angles of 110 and 120° on the structure formation and properties of Ti-50.1 at% Ni shape memory alloy was studied and compared. The structure was studied using X-ray diffraction analyses and transmission electron microscopy. The mechanical properties were determined by the uniaxial tensile and hardness tests. The maximum completely recoverable strain and temperatures of reverse martensitic transformation were estimated by a thermomechanical method using a bending mode for strain inducing. After ECAP with channel intersection angle of 120° for 3 passes at 400 °C a mixed ultrafine-grained structure with high density of free dislocations and incompletely equiaxed structural elements size of about 130-150 nm is formed. In comparison, after ECAP with channel intersection angle of 110° an ultrafine-grained structure with deformation bands elongated in the direction perpendicular to the sample axis, consisting of the less uniform equiaxed and ellipsoid structural elements with the size of about 50-150 nm is obtained. After both studied ECAP regimes samples have relatively high values of hardness (220 HV) and strength characteristics (σy = 850/1000 MPa, σB = 1040/1020 MPa, 120/110°). Maximum completely recoverable strain of 7.1 % is obtained after ECAP with channel intersection angle of 110°, and post-deformation annealing at 400 °C, 1 h.","PeriodicalId":21337,"journal":{"name":"Revue De Metallurgie-cahiers D Informations Techniques","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83145152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.37904/metal.2020.3519
S. Igoshin, D. Masaylo, A. Kim, A. Popovich
The NiTi alloy shape memory effect can have a much larger field of application in industry and everyday life than it is now. The high cost of obtaining this material and the laboriousness of the process limit its scope of application. The use of modern 3D technology may help solve this problem This paper explores the possibility of growing samples of simple geometric shapes in the form of tubes from Ni and Ti elemental powders. Samples from 3 types of powder mixtures have been produced. The first mixture with an excess of Ni relative to the equatorial ratio, the second with a deficit of Ni, the third with 5 % addition of Cu. The microstructure of samples before and after thermal treatment in argon at 900 ̊C was studied. The heat treatment contributed the process of homogenization of the solid solution, but had no significant effect on the sample hardness or reduction of secondary phases. Heat treatment changed hardness by an average of 10%. Phase analysis before and after the heat treatment showed a significant proportion of NiTi phase as well as secondary phases of NiTi2, Ni3Ti, TiO2.
{"title":"In-situ synthesis Ni-Ti alloy by laser cladding","authors":"S. Igoshin, D. Masaylo, A. Kim, A. Popovich","doi":"10.37904/metal.2020.3519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37904/metal.2020.3519","url":null,"abstract":"The NiTi alloy shape memory effect can have a much larger field of application in industry and everyday life than it is now. The high cost of obtaining this material and the laboriousness of the process limit its scope of application. The use of modern 3D technology may help solve this problem This paper explores the possibility of growing samples of simple geometric shapes in the form of tubes from Ni and Ti elemental powders. Samples from 3 types of powder mixtures have been produced. The first mixture with an excess of Ni relative to the equatorial ratio, the second with a deficit of Ni, the third with 5 % addition of Cu. The microstructure of samples before and after thermal treatment in argon at 900 ̊C was studied. The heat treatment contributed the process of homogenization of the solid solution, but had no significant effect on the sample hardness or reduction of secondary phases. Heat treatment changed hardness by an average of 10%. Phase analysis before and after the heat treatment showed a significant proportion of NiTi phase as well as secondary phases of NiTi2, Ni3Ti, TiO2.","PeriodicalId":21337,"journal":{"name":"Revue De Metallurgie-cahiers D Informations Techniques","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83244145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.37904/metal.2020.3546
E. Evin, M. Tomáš, J. Kepič
Besides customers and environmental requirements such as safety increase, the weight and emission reduction, and the life-time improvement, huge role plays corrosion resistance of the car-body components. This is improved by applying Zn-based coatings on the steel sheets. In the article are presented results of corrosion tests performed on the steel sheets with Zn-Al-Mg coatings applied. These are compared to the standard Zn coating. Samples were deformed by Erichsen stretching test and by 3-point bending tests to the angle of 90° and 180°. After that, these were exposed to salt spray in the corrosion chamber. The limit criteria were time to red corrosion appearance and percentage of corroded surface evaluated on time. The results showed the small amount of Al and Mg improved the corrosion resistance of Zn-Al-Mg coatings when compared to the conventional Zn coating.
{"title":"IMPROVEMENT OF STEEL SHEETS’ CORROSION RESISTANCE BY APPLICATION OF NEW GENERATION COATINGS","authors":"E. Evin, M. Tomáš, J. Kepič","doi":"10.37904/metal.2020.3546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37904/metal.2020.3546","url":null,"abstract":"Besides customers and environmental requirements such as safety increase, the weight and emission reduction, and the life-time improvement, huge role plays corrosion resistance of the car-body components. This is improved by applying Zn-based coatings on the steel sheets. In the article are presented results of corrosion tests performed on the steel sheets with Zn-Al-Mg coatings applied. These are compared to the standard Zn coating. Samples were deformed by Erichsen stretching test and by 3-point bending tests to the angle of 90° and 180°. After that, these were exposed to salt spray in the corrosion chamber. The limit criteria were time to red corrosion appearance and percentage of corroded surface evaluated on time. The results showed the small amount of Al and Mg improved the corrosion resistance of Zn-Al-Mg coatings when compared to the conventional Zn coating.","PeriodicalId":21337,"journal":{"name":"Revue De Metallurgie-cahiers D Informations Techniques","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78708818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Imren Ozturk Yilmaz, Abdullah Yasin Bilici, H. Aydın
This paper presents an experimental study on weldability of TBF steel sheets with dissimilar thickness. Nominal thickness of TBF sheets were 0.95 and 1.55 mm. Optical microscope was used to observe the cracks formed in the weld zone. The indentation depths were determined by ultrasonic technique. Tensile shear tests were applied to the welded specimens in order to determine the mechanical properties. Higher weld current and time resulted in higher nugget size and indentation depth. This increase in nugget size and indentation depth with increasing of weld current and weld time was almost linearly. The liquid metal embrittlement crack sensitivity in the HAZ was very high on TBF spot welds. The liquid metal embrittlement cracks were much deeper and wider along the weld periphery regions compared to the nugget regions. These cracks were occurred easily with a higher heat input and the crack depth increased almost linearly with increasing of heat input. Weld strength of the specimens was governed by crack formation in the HAZ. Lower weld currents and weld times resulted in higher tensile shear properties. The highest tensile shear load (18.50 kN) and energy absorption (37.5 J) were achieved at 6 kA for 20 cycles. This weld exhibited interfacial failure mode.
{"title":"Resistance spot weldability of TBF steel sheets with dissimilar thickness","authors":"Imren Ozturk Yilmaz, Abdullah Yasin Bilici, H. Aydın","doi":"10.1051/metal/2020071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/metal/2020071","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an experimental study on weldability of TBF steel sheets with dissimilar thickness. Nominal thickness of TBF sheets were 0.95 and 1.55 mm. Optical microscope was used to observe the cracks formed in the weld zone. The indentation depths were determined by ultrasonic technique. Tensile shear tests were applied to the welded specimens in order to determine the mechanical properties. Higher weld current and time resulted in higher nugget size and indentation depth. This increase in nugget size and indentation depth with increasing of weld current and weld time was almost linearly. The liquid metal embrittlement crack sensitivity in the HAZ was very high on TBF spot welds. The liquid metal embrittlement cracks were much deeper and wider along the weld periphery regions compared to the nugget regions. These cracks were occurred easily with a higher heat input and the crack depth increased almost linearly with increasing of heat input. Weld strength of the specimens was governed by crack formation in the HAZ. Lower weld currents and weld times resulted in higher tensile shear properties. The highest tensile shear load (18.50 kN) and energy absorption (37.5 J) were achieved at 6 kA for 20 cycles. This weld exhibited interfacial failure mode.","PeriodicalId":21337,"journal":{"name":"Revue De Metallurgie-cahiers D Informations Techniques","volume":"2 1","pages":"620"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82830303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.37904/metal.2020.3498
H. Jirková, T. Janda, J. Růžička, J. Mach, J. Volkmannová
Titanium-stabilized austenitic stainless steel 08Ch18N10T is often used in nuclear power facilities due to its favourable properties. Many parts of the primary circuit of VVER 440 and VVER 1000-type nuclear power plants are manufactured of this steel. This means that the material must possess very good corrosion resistance and thermal stability of structure. Yield strength of at least 177 MPa at 350 °C is required. Heat treatment of this steel comprises several important stages which affect the resulting mechanical properties. In particular, the solution and stabilization annealing after forging or rolling are time and energy consuming. Therefore, various ways to optimize these processes are being sought. A combination of solution annealing at 1020 °C for 15 and 30 minutes and stabilization annealing at 720 °C with dwell of 2.5 hours to 15 hours was tested on 08Ch18N10 steel samples. The aim was to establish the effects of stabilization annealing and solution annealing times on mechanical properties. Longer solution annealing has a pronounced effect on the reduction of scatter in mechanical properties. All annealing routes led to yield strengths at 350 °C higher than 200 MPa and tensile strengths of more than 380 MPa.
{"title":"Effect of holding time at stabilization annealing on properties of 08CH18N10T austenitic stainless steel","authors":"H. Jirková, T. Janda, J. Růžička, J. Mach, J. Volkmannová","doi":"10.37904/metal.2020.3498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37904/metal.2020.3498","url":null,"abstract":"Titanium-stabilized austenitic stainless steel 08Ch18N10T is often used in nuclear power facilities due to its favourable properties. Many parts of the primary circuit of VVER 440 and VVER 1000-type nuclear power plants are manufactured of this steel. This means that the material must possess very good corrosion resistance and thermal stability of structure. Yield strength of at least 177 MPa at 350 °C is required. Heat treatment of this steel comprises several important stages which affect the resulting mechanical properties. In particular, the solution and stabilization annealing after forging or rolling are time and energy consuming. Therefore, various ways to optimize these processes are being sought. A combination of solution annealing at 1020 °C for 15 and 30 minutes and stabilization annealing at 720 °C with dwell of 2.5 hours to 15 hours was tested on 08Ch18N10 steel samples. The aim was to establish the effects of stabilization annealing and solution annealing times on mechanical properties. Longer solution annealing has a pronounced effect on the reduction of scatter in mechanical properties. All annealing routes led to yield strengths at 350 °C higher than 200 MPa and tensile strengths of more than 380 MPa.","PeriodicalId":21337,"journal":{"name":"Revue De Metallurgie-cahiers D Informations Techniques","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90950230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.37904/metal.2020.3589
A. Kolesnikov, T. V. Davydkova
In the course of the work, a resource-saving version of the work of all basic elements was developed. The developed technological scheme will allow wastewater to be treated to modern maximum permissible concentrations (MPC) standards due to the highly efficient removal of heavy and non-ferrous metals and organic impurities, which can significantly reduce the cost of water supply to the enterprise.
{"title":"DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS FOR PREVENTING DISCHARGE OF LIQUID TECHNOGENIC WASTE AT ENTERPRISES USING SURVIVAL PROCESSING PROCESSES","authors":"A. Kolesnikov, T. V. Davydkova","doi":"10.37904/metal.2020.3589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37904/metal.2020.3589","url":null,"abstract":"In the course of the work, a resource-saving version of the work of all basic elements was developed. The developed technological scheme will allow wastewater to be treated to modern maximum permissible concentrations (MPC) standards due to the highly efficient removal of heavy and non-ferrous metals and organic impurities, which can significantly reduce the cost of water supply to the enterprise.","PeriodicalId":21337,"journal":{"name":"Revue De Metallurgie-cahiers D Informations Techniques","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90050677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ce Ji, Hua-gui Huang, Yifeng Sun, C. Zhang, G. Lin, Zhang Shangbin
Transverse variable profiled (TVP) strips have significant lightweight and functional characteristics due to the nonuniform section, but need to be cooled nonuniformly in order to obtain the uniform microstructure and performance. Hence, it has become the consensus of the industry to develop new on-line cooling equipment that can adjust and control the cooling capacity along the width direction (WD). Therefore, a multi-functional test platform was designed based on the U-pipes used in the industrial runout table cooling process. A steady-state Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model was built based on the Fluent software, and the influence of the main pipe inlet pressure, U-pipe inner diameter, restrictor ring thickness, and restrictor ring inner diameter was analyzed. The results indicate that the flow rate increases as the U-pipe inner diameter increase when there is no restrictor ring, and the result is contrary when there is a restrictor ring. The influence of main pipe inlet pressure, restrictor ring thickness, and restrictor ring inner diameter on the flow rate is monotonic. Besides, the restrictor ring inner diameter has a wide flow rate adjusting range and has little impact on the equipment structure, which helps to reduce the reconstruction cost. Finally, considering the influence of geometric parameters, the flow rate engineering calculation models of the U-pipe were derived and verified, which lays the theoretical foundation to customize the flow rate distribution along the WD at the design stage.
{"title":"Research on flow rate engineering calculation model of U-pipes for fabricating transverse variable profiled (TVP) strips by simulation and experiment","authors":"Ce Ji, Hua-gui Huang, Yifeng Sun, C. Zhang, G. Lin, Zhang Shangbin","doi":"10.1051/metal/2020057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/metal/2020057","url":null,"abstract":"Transverse variable profiled (TVP) strips have significant lightweight and functional characteristics due to the nonuniform section, but need to be cooled nonuniformly in order to obtain the uniform microstructure and performance. Hence, it has become the consensus of the industry to develop new on-line cooling equipment that can adjust and control the cooling capacity along the width direction (WD). Therefore, a multi-functional test platform was designed based on the U-pipes used in the industrial runout table cooling process. A steady-state Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model was built based on the Fluent software, and the influence of the main pipe inlet pressure, U-pipe inner diameter, restrictor ring thickness, and restrictor ring inner diameter was analyzed. The results indicate that the flow rate increases as the U-pipe inner diameter increase when there is no restrictor ring, and the result is contrary when there is a restrictor ring. The influence of main pipe inlet pressure, restrictor ring thickness, and restrictor ring inner diameter on the flow rate is monotonic. Besides, the restrictor ring inner diameter has a wide flow rate adjusting range and has little impact on the equipment structure, which helps to reduce the reconstruction cost. Finally, considering the influence of geometric parameters, the flow rate engineering calculation models of the U-pipe were derived and verified, which lays the theoretical foundation to customize the flow rate distribution along the WD at the design stage.","PeriodicalId":21337,"journal":{"name":"Revue De Metallurgie-cahiers D Informations Techniques","volume":"7 1","pages":"604"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89994466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：