Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.37904/metal.2020.3581
L. Benić, Gorana Domitrović, Žiga Erman, J. Šubić
Titanium based alloys are increasingly used in biomedicine due to their favourable properties. However, because of their high cost, new methods are being developed to produce more economical alloys. Therefore, in the framework of this work, Ti-20Nb alloy was produced by powder metallurgy. Namely, experimental alloy was prepared by mechanical alloying in a ball mill. The samples were singled out from the powder mixture and pressed on a hydraulic press. Sintering was carried out in a tube furnace in an argon atmosphere. Different processing parameters regarding the time and temperature of sintering were applied. Chemical homogeneity was analysed using the energy-dispersive spectrometry. Porosity was observed using the light microscope and microhardness was determined by Vickers method. The obtained results show that with a small correction of the applied technological parameters, in terms of time extension of mixing/mechanical alloying, it is possible to produce economically Ti-20Nb alloy having the properties suitable for biomedical application by using powder metallurgy technology.
{"title":"the influence of the processing parameters on the porosity and microhardness of sintered ti-20nb biomedical alloy","authors":"L. Benić, Gorana Domitrović, Žiga Erman, J. Šubić","doi":"10.37904/metal.2020.3581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37904/metal.2020.3581","url":null,"abstract":"Titanium based alloys are increasingly used in biomedicine due to their favourable properties. However, because of their high cost, new methods are being developed to produce more economical alloys. Therefore, in the framework of this work, Ti-20Nb alloy was produced by powder metallurgy. Namely, experimental alloy was prepared by mechanical alloying in a ball mill. The samples were singled out from the powder mixture and pressed on a hydraulic press. Sintering was carried out in a tube furnace in an argon atmosphere. Different processing parameters regarding the time and temperature of sintering were applied. Chemical homogeneity was analysed using the energy-dispersive spectrometry. Porosity was observed using the light microscope and microhardness was determined by Vickers method. The obtained results show that with a small correction of the applied technological parameters, in terms of time extension of mixing/mechanical alloying, it is possible to produce economically Ti-20Nb alloy having the properties suitable for biomedical application by using powder metallurgy technology.","PeriodicalId":21337,"journal":{"name":"Revue De Metallurgie-cahiers D Informations Techniques","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82951151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.37904/metal.2020.3479
M. Dziedzic, S. Turczyn
The practical aim of the following study was to develop a new roll pass design (RPD) of the channels (UPN) and introduce it into industrial rolling. The necessity of usage of a charge stock with a greater cross section has caused necessity of an application of the new rolling schedule characterized by large deformations. The investigations are based on an explicit–implicit co-simulation techniques applied in the ABAQUS commercial code. A complete production line containing all passes for forming the section including break-down, intermediate and finishing sequences are modelled. The data of exit section from subsequent pass is imported as the entering material for the next pass. The series of the plastometric tests were performed to obtain characteristic data of the rolled steel, which were required for the subsequent computer calculations. The metal flow in the roll grooves in each stand, separation force and roll torque in each pass are also calculated. It can be concluded that the explicit–implicit co-simulation techniques used in the analysis are an efficient and accurate enough application for the roll pass design of the steel sections.
{"title":"APPLICATION OF EXPLICIT-IMPLICIT CO-SIMULATION TECHNIQES INto THE ROLL PASS DESIGN OF CHANNELS WITH LARGE DEFORMATIONS","authors":"M. Dziedzic, S. Turczyn","doi":"10.37904/metal.2020.3479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37904/metal.2020.3479","url":null,"abstract":"The practical aim of the following study was to develop a new roll pass design (RPD) of the channels (UPN) and introduce it into industrial rolling. The necessity of usage of a charge stock with a greater cross section has caused necessity of an application of the new rolling schedule characterized by large deformations. The investigations are based on an explicit–implicit co-simulation techniques applied in the ABAQUS commercial code. A complete production line containing all passes for forming the section including break-down, intermediate and finishing sequences are modelled. The data of exit section from subsequent pass is imported as the entering material for the next pass. The series of the plastometric tests were performed to obtain characteristic data of the rolled steel, which were required for the subsequent computer calculations. The metal flow in the roll grooves in each stand, separation force and roll torque in each pass are also calculated. It can be concluded that the explicit–implicit co-simulation techniques used in the analysis are an efficient and accurate enough application for the roll pass design of the steel sections.","PeriodicalId":21337,"journal":{"name":"Revue De Metallurgie-cahiers D Informations Techniques","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86606381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.37904/metal.2020.3505
Kryštof Hradečný, Renáta Palupčíková, A. Volodarskaja, V. Vodárek
Twin roll strip casting is an advanced technology for production of thin strips with the thickness of several millimetres. Recent progress in twin roll strip casting makes it possible to apply this technology for the production of grain oriented electrical steels (GOES). Optimization of technological processing of GOES using this revolutionary technology requires the detailed knowledge about microstructure evolution. Cooling of GOES thin strips in the + phase field is accompanied by the formation of austenite in the form of Widmanstätten laths. This paper summarises basic knowledge about the formation and subsequent decomposition of Widmanstätten austenite in GOES thin strips. Attention is paid to nucleation of Widmanstätten austenite, its growth in the matrix of -ferrite, pinning of austenite/ferrite interfaces by sulphides, the formation of epitaxial ferrite, partitioning of carbon and finally to the decomposition of Widmanstätten austenite either to pearlite or plate martensite. Phase transformations were studied by a combination of l ight microscopy, XRD, SEM + EBSD and TEM.
{"title":"Basic Characteristics of Widmanstätten austenite in goes","authors":"Kryštof Hradečný, Renáta Palupčíková, A. Volodarskaja, V. Vodárek","doi":"10.37904/metal.2020.3505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37904/metal.2020.3505","url":null,"abstract":"Twin roll strip casting is an advanced technology for production of thin strips with the thickness of several millimetres. Recent progress in twin roll strip casting makes it possible to apply this technology for the production of grain oriented electrical steels (GOES). Optimization of technological processing of GOES using this revolutionary technology requires the detailed knowledge about microstructure evolution. Cooling of GOES thin strips in the + phase field is accompanied by the formation of austenite in the form of Widmanstätten laths. This paper summarises basic knowledge about the formation and subsequent decomposition of Widmanstätten austenite in GOES thin strips. Attention is paid to nucleation of Widmanstätten austenite, its growth in the matrix of -ferrite, pinning of austenite/ferrite interfaces by sulphides, the formation of epitaxial ferrite, partitioning of carbon and finally to the decomposition of Widmanstätten austenite either to pearlite or plate martensite. Phase transformations were studied by a combination of l ight microscopy, XRD, SEM + EBSD and TEM.","PeriodicalId":21337,"journal":{"name":"Revue De Metallurgie-cahiers D Informations Techniques","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89301422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.37904/metal.2020.3623
V. Komarov, I. Khmelevskaya, R. Karelin, V. Yusupov, I. Postnikov, G. Korpała, R. Kawalla, U. Prahl, S. Prokoshkin
The effect of compressive deformation of the nickel-enriched Ti-Ni shape memory alloy in a temperature range of 100 to 900 °С on phase composition, microstructure, mechanical and functional properties was studied. The temperature ranges of dynamic recovery, polygonization and recrystallization were determined as a result of comparative optical microscopy, XRD, DSC studies, HV measurements and shape recovery testing. Lowering of the compressive deformation temperature is accompanied by an increase in a hardness value from 280 to 350 HV and leads to decrease in average grain size from 33 to 16 μm. The dispersion hardening leads to an increase in shape recovery properties. The optimum deformation temperature range for thermomechanical treatment of Ti-Ni SMA from the viewpoint of ultrafine-grained structure and high functional properties formation was determined as 400 to 600 °C.
{"title":"Evolution of Structure and Properties of Nickel-Enriched Ti-Ni Shape Memory Alloy subjected to Compressive Deformation","authors":"V. Komarov, I. Khmelevskaya, R. Karelin, V. Yusupov, I. Postnikov, G. Korpała, R. Kawalla, U. Prahl, S. Prokoshkin","doi":"10.37904/metal.2020.3623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37904/metal.2020.3623","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of compressive deformation of the nickel-enriched Ti-Ni shape memory alloy in a temperature range of 100 to 900 °С on phase composition, microstructure, mechanical and functional properties was studied. The temperature ranges of dynamic recovery, polygonization and recrystallization were determined as a result of comparative optical microscopy, XRD, DSC studies, HV measurements and shape recovery testing. Lowering of the compressive deformation temperature is accompanied by an increase in a hardness value from 280 to 350 HV and leads to decrease in average grain size from 33 to 16 μm. The dispersion hardening leads to an increase in shape recovery properties. The optimum deformation temperature range for thermomechanical treatment of Ti-Ni SMA from the viewpoint of ultrafine-grained structure and high functional properties formation was determined as 400 to 600 °C.","PeriodicalId":21337,"journal":{"name":"Revue De Metallurgie-cahiers D Informations Techniques","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87362099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Reza Soleimani Gilakjani, S. H. Razavi, M. Seifollahi
In this study, precipitation of η phase (Ni3 Ti) in conventional and Nb-modified (Nb-A286) A286 superalloys was evaluated at different aging times and temperatures. The TTP curve of the η phase formation was plotted using thermodynamic analyses, kinetics and microstructural studies. Depending on temperature and heat treatment, the η phase precipitated at the grain boundaries or twin sites, as a result of the γ′ phase or matrix austenite transformation. Heat treatment of conventional A286 superalloy and Nb-A286 was performed within a temperature range of 650 to 900 °C for 2 to 30 h. The η phase transformation was evaluated by scanning electron microscope (SEM) which is equipped to energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and optical microscopy (OM). In the analyses based on thermodynamic calculations, the interaction of the Gibbs free energy of η phase formation and the diffusion activation energy of the elements, especially titanium and niobium, was considered. The microstructural studies showed that increasing the heat treatment time results in increasing the volume fraction of the η phase. By increasing the aging temperature to 840 and 860 °C for conventional A286 superalloy and Nb-A286 superalloy, respectively, the η phase volume fraction increased, however, further increase led to volume fraction decrease. The results of the thermodynamic analyses showed the tip of the TTP diagrams at temperatures of 860 and 820 °C for the A286 and Nb-A286 alloys, respectively. Investigation of kinetics calculations showed that η phase transformation depends on the diffusion of titanium, nickel, and niobium.
{"title":"An investigation on thermodynamics and kinetics of η phase formation in Nb-modified iron-nickel base A286 superalloy","authors":"Reza Soleimani Gilakjani, S. H. Razavi, M. Seifollahi","doi":"10.1051/metal/2020084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/metal/2020084","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, precipitation of η phase (Ni3 Ti) in conventional and Nb-modified (Nb-A286) A286 superalloys was evaluated at different aging times and temperatures. The TTP curve of the η phase formation was plotted using thermodynamic analyses, kinetics and microstructural studies. Depending on temperature and heat treatment, the η phase precipitated at the grain boundaries or twin sites, as a result of the γ′ phase or matrix austenite transformation. Heat treatment of conventional A286 superalloy and Nb-A286 was performed within a temperature range of 650 to 900 °C for 2 to 30 h. The η phase transformation was evaluated by scanning electron microscope (SEM) which is equipped to energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and optical microscopy (OM). In the analyses based on thermodynamic calculations, the interaction of the Gibbs free energy of η phase formation and the diffusion activation energy of the elements, especially titanium and niobium, was considered. The microstructural studies showed that increasing the heat treatment time results in increasing the volume fraction of the η phase. By increasing the aging temperature to 840 and 860 °C for conventional A286 superalloy and Nb-A286 superalloy, respectively, the η phase volume fraction increased, however, further increase led to volume fraction decrease. The results of the thermodynamic analyses showed the tip of the TTP diagrams at temperatures of 860 and 820 °C for the A286 and Nb-A286 alloys, respectively. Investigation of kinetics calculations showed that η phase transformation depends on the diffusion of titanium, nickel, and niobium.","PeriodicalId":21337,"journal":{"name":"Revue De Metallurgie-cahiers D Informations Techniques","volume":"94 1","pages":"105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90898782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.37904/metal.2020.3552
E. Shcherbina, A. Abrashov, N. Grigoryan, V. Aleshina, T. Vagramyan, V. Men'shikov
Absorbing surfaces of solar receivers are coated with black chrome, which provides the surface of steel or aluminum tubes with good absorption properties. However, the chrome coating does not protect well against corrosion because of its high porosity and high internal stresses, which cause a cracking of coatings. In this paper, we investigated two methods for formation of black coatings on chemically formed Ni-P layers: etching in nitric acid and anodic treatment in a phosphoric acid solution. It was found that in the course of processing the black coatings, their roughness and porosity increase. It was shown that nickel oxides NiO and Ni2O3 and nickel phosphates are presented in the coating composition. It was established that the heat treatment increases the wear resistance and protective ability of black coatings.
{"title":"Deposition of ultra-black nickel phosphorus coatings","authors":"E. Shcherbina, A. Abrashov, N. Grigoryan, V. Aleshina, T. Vagramyan, V. Men'shikov","doi":"10.37904/metal.2020.3552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37904/metal.2020.3552","url":null,"abstract":"Absorbing surfaces of solar receivers are coated with black chrome, which provides the surface of steel or aluminum tubes with good absorption properties. However, the chrome coating does not protect well against corrosion because of its high porosity and high internal stresses, which cause a cracking of coatings. In this paper, we investigated two methods for formation of black coatings on chemically formed Ni-P layers: etching in nitric acid and anodic treatment in a phosphoric acid solution. It was found that in the course of processing the black coatings, their roughness and porosity increase. It was shown that nickel oxides NiO and Ni2O3 and nickel phosphates are presented in the coating composition. It was established that the heat treatment increases the wear resistance and protective ability of black coatings.","PeriodicalId":21337,"journal":{"name":"Revue De Metallurgie-cahiers D Informations Techniques","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90539465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Teker, E. M. Karakurt, Murat Özabaci, Yaşar Güleryüz
In this study, the effect of rotational speed on the microstructure and weldability of AISI1030 steel and AISI304 stainless steel welded by friction welding method were investigated experimentally. The weld joints were manufactured with rotational speed (1500, 1600, 1700, 1800, 1900, and 2000 rev/min.), friction pressure (40 MPa), forging pressure (60 MPa), forging time (4 s), and friction time (6 s). After the FW process, the microstructures of the weld interfaces were analyzed by optic microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometry, elemental mapping, and X-ray diffraction analysis. Moreover, the weld strength was analyzed by tensile test, and the fracture behavior was investigated with scanning electron microscopy. The results indicated that increased rotational speed had a significant effect on the microstructure and weldability.
{"title":"Investigation of the weldability of AISI304 and AISI1030 steels welded by friction welding","authors":"T. Teker, E. M. Karakurt, Murat Özabaci, Yaşar Güleryüz","doi":"10.1051/metal/2020058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/metal/2020058","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the effect of rotational speed on the microstructure and weldability of AISI1030 steel and AISI304 stainless steel welded by friction welding method were investigated experimentally. The weld joints were manufactured with rotational speed (1500, 1600, 1700, 1800, 1900, and 2000 rev/min.), friction pressure (40 MPa), forging pressure (60 MPa), forging time (4 s), and friction time (6 s). After the FW process, the microstructures of the weld interfaces were analyzed by optic microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometry, elemental mapping, and X-ray diffraction analysis. Moreover, the weld strength was analyzed by tensile test, and the fracture behavior was investigated with scanning electron microscopy. The results indicated that increased rotational speed had a significant effect on the microstructure and weldability.","PeriodicalId":21337,"journal":{"name":"Revue De Metallurgie-cahiers D Informations Techniques","volume":"28 1","pages":"601"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75029830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.37904/metal.2020.3502
P. Váňová, J. Sojka, Mária Melicherová, K. Konečná, Taťána Radkovská
The aim of the work was to obtain information about the effect of hydrogen in pre-deformed samples made of TRIP 780 steel and during deformation, when retained austenite transforms into martensite. Electrolytic hydrogenation took place both under the simultaneous action of deformation and before the tensile test itself. After hydrogenation, TRIP steel showed an increase in the yield strength and a decrease in the tensile strength. Elongation at fracture also decreased significantly by more than 20 % compared to samples that were only pre-deformed. The occurrence of deformation-induced martensite in the microstructure of TRIP steels significantly contribute to the susceptibility of these steels to hydrogen embrittlement. For samples with 5% predeformation, the value of the hydrogen embrittlement index was found to be 78.1 %, for samples with 10% predeformation it further increased to 86.2 %. From these results, hydrogen led to a degradation of mechanical properties with increasing percentage of deformation and at the same time the obtained results demonstrate a significant susceptibility of TRIP steels to hydrogen embrittlement. The article also contains results of a fractographic analysis, which also showed the occurrence of typical signs of hydrogen embrittlement, which are a quasi-cleavage fracture and fisheyes.
{"title":"Hydrogen embrittlement of TRIP steel after previous deformation","authors":"P. Váňová, J. Sojka, Mária Melicherová, K. Konečná, Taťána Radkovská","doi":"10.37904/metal.2020.3502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37904/metal.2020.3502","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the work was to obtain information about the effect of hydrogen in pre-deformed samples made of TRIP 780 steel and during deformation, when retained austenite transforms into martensite. Electrolytic hydrogenation took place both under the simultaneous action of deformation and before the tensile test itself. After hydrogenation, TRIP steel showed an increase in the yield strength and a decrease in the tensile strength. Elongation at fracture also decreased significantly by more than 20 % compared to samples that were only pre-deformed. The occurrence of deformation-induced martensite in the microstructure of TRIP steels significantly contribute to the susceptibility of these steels to hydrogen embrittlement. For samples with 5% predeformation, the value of the hydrogen embrittlement index was found to be 78.1 %, for samples with 10% predeformation it further increased to 86.2 %. From these results, hydrogen led to a degradation of mechanical properties with increasing percentage of deformation and at the same time the obtained results demonstrate a significant susceptibility of TRIP steels to hydrogen embrittlement. The article also contains results of a fractographic analysis, which also showed the occurrence of typical signs of hydrogen embrittlement, which are a quasi-cleavage fracture and fisheyes.","PeriodicalId":21337,"journal":{"name":"Revue De Metallurgie-cahiers D Informations Techniques","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74203404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.37904/metal.2020.3560
I. Belyaev, K. Frolov, A. Stepnov, V. Bazhenov, A. Kireev
Anticorrosive Al-Zn coatings applied on Nd-Fe-B permanent magnets were studied. The coatings were deposited on the surface of permanent magnets by high-speed cold spraying using various temperature conditions. The coatings were studied by optical metallography, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), quantitative X-ray diffraction analysis, and modern techniques for the estimation of adhesive strength of coatings. To determine the protective properties of Al-Zn coatings, salt spray corrosion tests were performed. The properties of the cold sprayed Al-Zn coatings are found to depend on the temperature of spraying. The coatings prepared at a spraying temperature of 200 °С exhibit the best results. The increase in the deposition temperature above 200 °С leads to the increase in the content of large corundum particles in the coatings, which result in the embrittlement of the coating material.
{"title":"THE STUDY OF ANTICORROSIVE COLD SPRAYED Al-Zn COATINGS FOR Nd-Fe-B PERMANENT MAGNETS","authors":"I. Belyaev, K. Frolov, A. Stepnov, V. Bazhenov, A. Kireev","doi":"10.37904/metal.2020.3560","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37904/metal.2020.3560","url":null,"abstract":"Anticorrosive Al-Zn coatings applied on Nd-Fe-B permanent magnets were studied. The coatings were deposited on the surface of permanent magnets by high-speed cold spraying using various temperature conditions. The coatings were studied by optical metallography, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), quantitative X-ray diffraction analysis, and modern techniques for the estimation of adhesive strength of coatings. To determine the protective properties of Al-Zn coatings, salt spray corrosion tests were performed. The properties of the cold sprayed Al-Zn coatings are found to depend on the temperature of spraying. The coatings prepared at a spraying temperature of 200 °С exhibit the best results. The increase in the deposition temperature above 200 °С leads to the increase in the content of large corundum particles in the coatings, which result in the embrittlement of the coating material.","PeriodicalId":21337,"journal":{"name":"Revue De Metallurgie-cahiers D Informations Techniques","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85396188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yan Zhang, Yankun Chen, Jianping Zhou, Daqian Sun, Hongmei Li
In this paper, laser welding-brazing of 304 stainless steel (SS) and Al2 O3 ceramic dissimilar metal material was carried out. The results showed that the SS and Al2 O3 were joined by melting filler metal when the laser was focused on the SS side of the joint. One process was one pass welding involving creation of a joint with one fusion weld and one brazed weld separated by remaining unmelted SS. When laser beam was focused on the SS plate 1.5 mm, SS would not be completely melted in joint. Through heat conduction, the filler metal (68.8 wt.% Ag, 26.7 wt.% Cu, 4.5 wt.% Ti) melting occurred at the SS-Al2 O3 ceramic interface. A brazed weld was formed at the SS-Al2 O3 ceramic interface with the main microstructure of Cu[s.s.] + Ag[s.s.], Ti2 Cu + TiFe and Ag + AlCu2 Ti. The joint fractured in reaction layer at the ceramic side with the maximum tensile strength of 74 MPa.
{"title":"Laser welding-brazing of alumina to 304 stainless steel with an Ag-based filler material","authors":"Yan Zhang, Yankun Chen, Jianping Zhou, Daqian Sun, Hongmei Li","doi":"10.1051/metal/2020086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/metal/2020086","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, laser welding-brazing of 304 stainless steel (SS) and Al2 O3 ceramic dissimilar metal material was carried out. The results showed that the SS and Al2 O3 were joined by melting filler metal when the laser was focused on the SS side of the joint. One process was one pass welding involving creation of a joint with one fusion weld and one brazed weld separated by remaining unmelted SS. When laser beam was focused on the SS plate 1.5 mm, SS would not be completely melted in joint. Through heat conduction, the filler metal (68.8 wt.% Ag, 26.7 wt.% Cu, 4.5 wt.% Ti) melting occurred at the SS-Al2 O3 ceramic interface. A brazed weld was formed at the SS-Al2 O3 ceramic interface with the main microstructure of Cu[s.s.] + Ag[s.s.], Ti2 Cu + TiFe and Ag + AlCu2 Ti. The joint fractured in reaction layer at the ceramic side with the maximum tensile strength of 74 MPa.","PeriodicalId":21337,"journal":{"name":"Revue De Metallurgie-cahiers D Informations Techniques","volume":"118 1","pages":"104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79401377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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