Pub Date : 2024-03-14DOI: 10.36348/sjmps.2024.v10i03.007
Ayesha Moin, M. Nagarjuna
This abstract outline the use of Tamsulosin, a selective α (1A and 1D)-adrenoreceptor blocker, to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The study's background highlights the most prevalent symptoms and prevalence of BPH in elderly men. The research objective and goal are to better understand the mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, dose, clinical efficacy, safety, and tolerance of Tamsulosin, particularly in its modified release (MR) version. Considering evidence-based medicines have recently been made available, the treatment approach for current cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia has evolved. Considerations including therapeutic benefits, potential for morbidity, likely long-term effectiveness, and expenses must be made before selecting a therapy to relieve symptoms. When individuals with benign prostatic hyperplasia report with symptoms related to the lower urinary tract, the main treatment option is α1-adrenergic receptor antagonists. The technique includes a review of the literature on Tamsulosin's development, discovery, and approval, as well as its pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics. The findings show that Tamsulosin MR is successful in treating BPH, with a preference for the 0.4mg once-daily dose.
{"title":"Exploring Sensitivity and Significance of Tamsulosin as Modified Release in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia","authors":"Ayesha Moin, M. Nagarjuna","doi":"10.36348/sjmps.2024.v10i03.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36348/sjmps.2024.v10i03.007","url":null,"abstract":"This abstract outline the use of Tamsulosin, a selective α (1A and 1D)-adrenoreceptor blocker, to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The study's background highlights the most prevalent symptoms and prevalence of BPH in elderly men. The research objective and goal are to better understand the mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, dose, clinical efficacy, safety, and tolerance of Tamsulosin, particularly in its modified release (MR) version. Considering evidence-based medicines have recently been made available, the treatment approach for current cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia has evolved. Considerations including therapeutic benefits, potential for morbidity, likely long-term effectiveness, and expenses must be made before selecting a therapy to relieve symptoms. When individuals with benign prostatic hyperplasia report with symptoms related to the lower urinary tract, the main treatment option is α1-adrenergic receptor antagonists. The technique includes a review of the literature on Tamsulosin's development, discovery, and approval, as well as its pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics. The findings show that Tamsulosin MR is successful in treating BPH, with a preference for the 0.4mg once-daily dose.","PeriodicalId":21367,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"77 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140241989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-06DOI: 10.36348/sjmps.2024.v10i03.002
F. Bouhamou, M. Salihoun, I. Serraj, N. Kabbaj
Background: Liver stiffness measurement (LSM) has proposed as a non-invasive method for estimating the severity of fibrosis and the complications of cirrhosis. Measurement of the hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) is the gold standard for assessing the presence of portal hypertension, but its invasiveness limits its clinical application. The aim of our study is to investigate if LSM could predict the size of Esophageal varices (EV) in patients with liver cirrhosis to limit upper endoscopic procedures only to those patients that really need it (patients with large EV or EV at risk for bleeding). Methods: Our retrospective study includes 46 cirrhotic patients over a period of 40 months between January 2019 and April 2022, at the Service of Digestive Functional Explorations of Hepato-gastroenterology of the University hospital Ibn-Sina of RABAT, all patients underwent a liver stiffness measurement by Transient elastography FibroScan. Results: Of the 46 cirrhotic patients included in this study, with a mean age of 58.5(21-90) years, 18 (39.1%) of patients were male and 28(60.9%) were female. the predominant etiology of cirrhosis was chronic viral hepatitis C 20 (43.5%). The area under the ROC curve of the diagnosis of large EVs (EV≥II) was 0.724 (95%CI). The optimal cut-off of elasticity was 20.5 for this purpose, with a sensitivity of 66.7%, specificity of 94.74%. Conclusions: these results indicate that Transient elastography FibroScan is a reliable, non-invasive method to assess portal hypertension and can be used for the screening and diagnosis of clinically significant portal hypertension.
{"title":"The Usefulness of Non-Invasive Liver Stiffness Measurements by Fibroscan in Predicting Clinically Significant Portal Hypertension in Cirrhotic Patients","authors":"F. Bouhamou, M. Salihoun, I. Serraj, N. Kabbaj","doi":"10.36348/sjmps.2024.v10i03.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36348/sjmps.2024.v10i03.002","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Liver stiffness measurement (LSM) has proposed as a non-invasive method for estimating the severity of fibrosis and the complications of cirrhosis. Measurement of the hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) is the gold standard for assessing the presence of portal hypertension, but its invasiveness limits its clinical application. The aim of our study is to investigate if LSM could predict the size of Esophageal varices (EV) in patients with liver cirrhosis to limit upper endoscopic procedures only to those patients that really need it (patients with large EV or EV at risk for bleeding). Methods: Our retrospective study includes 46 cirrhotic patients over a period of 40 months between January 2019 and April 2022, at the Service of Digestive Functional Explorations of Hepato-gastroenterology of the University hospital Ibn-Sina of RABAT, all patients underwent a liver stiffness measurement by Transient elastography FibroScan. Results: Of the 46 cirrhotic patients included in this study, with a mean age of 58.5(21-90) years, 18 (39.1%) of patients were male and 28(60.9%) were female. the predominant etiology of cirrhosis was chronic viral hepatitis C 20 (43.5%). The area under the ROC curve of the diagnosis of large EVs (EV≥II) was 0.724 (95%CI). The optimal cut-off of elasticity was 20.5 for this purpose, with a sensitivity of 66.7%, specificity of 94.74%. Conclusions: these results indicate that Transient elastography FibroScan is a reliable, non-invasive method to assess portal hypertension and can be used for the screening and diagnosis of clinically significant portal hypertension.","PeriodicalId":21367,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140262240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of performing this study is to develop matrix tablet to improve the dissolution rate of aceclofenac and release the drug in a controlled manner over a period of 24 hours. Matrix tablets of aceclofenac, using various viscosity of hydrophilic polymer HPMC in two different proportions, hydrophobic polymer ethyl cellulose and Guar gum were prepared by wet granulation method and subjected to in vitro drug release studies. Tablets were evaluated for in vitro drug release profile in phosphate buffer with pH 7.5. The thickness and hardness of prepared tablets were 3.8 ± 0.2 to 3.9 ±0.2 mm and 4 ± 3 to 5 ± 3 kg/cm2, respectively. The friability was within the acceptable limits of pharmacopeial specifications (0.31 to 0.71%), which indicates the good mechanical strength of the tablets. The in vitro drug release from the proposed system was best explained by Higuchi’s model, indicating that drug release from tablets displayed a diffusion-controlled mechanism. Based on the study results, formulation F7 was selected as the best formulation.
{"title":"Preparation and Evaluation of Sustained Release Matrix Tablets of Acelofenac and Comparision of Formulated and Marketed Product","authors":"Vimal Singh, Vipin Kumar Sharma, Praveen Kumar, J. Kumar, Madhav Mohan, Neda Anzar, Tushar Cheetu, Raj Kumar","doi":"10.36348/sjmps.2024.v10i03.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36348/sjmps.2024.v10i03.006","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of performing this study is to develop matrix tablet to improve the dissolution rate of aceclofenac and release the drug in a controlled manner over a period of 24 hours. Matrix tablets of aceclofenac, using various viscosity of hydrophilic polymer HPMC in two different proportions, hydrophobic polymer ethyl cellulose and Guar gum were prepared by wet granulation method and subjected to in vitro drug release studies. Tablets were evaluated for in vitro drug release profile in phosphate buffer with pH 7.5. The thickness and hardness of prepared tablets were 3.8 ± 0.2 to 3.9 ±0.2 mm and 4 ± 3 to 5 ± 3 kg/cm2, respectively. The friability was within the acceptable limits of pharmacopeial specifications (0.31 to 0.71%), which indicates the good mechanical strength of the tablets. The in vitro drug release from the proposed system was best explained by Higuchi’s model, indicating that drug release from tablets displayed a diffusion-controlled mechanism. Based on the study results, formulation F7 was selected as the best formulation.","PeriodicalId":21367,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"12 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140261756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-06DOI: 10.36348/sjmps.2024.v10i03.005
Oula Souhail Tayar
Hypertension during pregnancy poses a substantial risk to maternal and fetal health. This systematic review aims to synthesize the existing literature on the prevalence, risk factors, and outcomes of hypertension during pregnancy. To comprehensively assess the global landscape of hypertension during pregnancy by identifying and analyzing eligible studies. We systematically searched electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Medline, and Web of Science, from inception until December 2023. Eligible studies were selected based on predefined criteria. Data were extracted, and the quality of included studies was assessed. Meta-analysis was performed where appropriate. Among the 56 eligible studies, the pooled prevalence of hypertension during pregnancy was 12.3% (95% CI: 10.1%–14.5%). Common risk factors included maternal age >35 years (33.5%), obesity (27.8%), and previous hypertensive conditions (18.6%). Maternal complications were observed in 45.2% of cases, with preterm birth (23.7%) and low birth weight (18.9%) being predominant adverse outcomes. Variations in prevalence and risk factors were noted across geographic regions. This systematic review underscores the global burden of hypertension during pregnancy and its association with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. Key risk factors highlight the importance of targeted interventions and antenatal care strategies. Further research is needed to understand regional disparities and improve prevention and management strategies.
妊娠期高血压对孕产妇和胎儿的健康构成巨大风险。本系统性综述旨在对有关妊娠期高血压的患病率、风险因素和结果的现有文献进行综述。通过识别和分析符合条件的研究，全面评估全球妊娠期高血压的状况。我们系统地检索了从开始到 2023 年 12 月的电子数据库，包括 PubMed、Scopus、Embase、Medline 和 Web of Science。根据预先设定的标准筛选出符合条件的研究。提取数据并评估纳入研究的质量。在适当的情况下进行了元分析。在 56 项符合条件的研究中，妊娠期高血压的总患病率为 12.3%（95% CI：10.1%-14.5%）。常见的风险因素包括孕妇年龄大于 35 岁（33.5%）、肥胖（27.8%）和曾患高血压（18.6%）。45.2%的病例出现了产妇并发症，其中早产（23.7%）和出生体重不足（18.9%）是主要的不良后果。不同地区的发病率和风险因素存在差异。本系统综述强调了妊娠期高血压的全球负担及其与孕产妇和新生儿不良结局的关联。关键风险因素凸显了有针对性的干预措施和产前护理策略的重要性。要了解地区差异并改进预防和管理策略，还需要进一步的研究。
{"title":"Hypertension during Pregnancy: A Systematic Review","authors":"Oula Souhail Tayar","doi":"10.36348/sjmps.2024.v10i03.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36348/sjmps.2024.v10i03.005","url":null,"abstract":"Hypertension during pregnancy poses a substantial risk to maternal and fetal health. This systematic review aims to synthesize the existing literature on the prevalence, risk factors, and outcomes of hypertension during pregnancy. To comprehensively assess the global landscape of hypertension during pregnancy by identifying and analyzing eligible studies. We systematically searched electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Medline, and Web of Science, from inception until December 2023. Eligible studies were selected based on predefined criteria. Data were extracted, and the quality of included studies was assessed. Meta-analysis was performed where appropriate. Among the 56 eligible studies, the pooled prevalence of hypertension during pregnancy was 12.3% (95% CI: 10.1%–14.5%). Common risk factors included maternal age >35 years (33.5%), obesity (27.8%), and previous hypertensive conditions (18.6%). Maternal complications were observed in 45.2% of cases, with preterm birth (23.7%) and low birth weight (18.9%) being predominant adverse outcomes. Variations in prevalence and risk factors were noted across geographic regions. This systematic review underscores the global burden of hypertension during pregnancy and its association with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. Key risk factors highlight the importance of targeted interventions and antenatal care strategies. Further research is needed to understand regional disparities and improve prevention and management strategies.","PeriodicalId":21367,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"4 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140261927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-06DOI: 10.36348/sjmps.2024.v10i03.003
Lucky Rahman
Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) represents a complex endocrinopathy with significant metabolic implications. The Rotterdam criteria establish the diagnosis based on the presence of two of three criteria: ultrasound-confirmed polycystic ovaries, hyperandrogenism, and persistent anovulation. Objective: Our objective was to investigate hormonal and anthropometric parameters in PCOS patients compared to controls, aiming to elucidate predictive markers and metabolic aberrations. Method: A case-control study comprising 50 PCOS subjects and 50 controls was conducted, focusing on females aged 18-40 attending an obstetrics and gynecology department, Tertiary hospital. Hormonal assays and anthropometric measurements were performed following strict inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Significant differences emerged between PCOS and control groups across various parameters. PCOS individuals displayed elevated levels of TSH, LH, FSH, and prolactin, coupled with increased BMI and altered waist-to-hip ratio, indicating early metabolic disruptions. Notably, the LH:FSH ratio was lower in PCOS subjects, suggesting hormonal imbalances. Conclusion: High levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone, LH, FSH, and prolactin, coupled with elevated body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio, served as indicators of PCOS and early metabolic irregularities.
{"title":"Parameters of PCOS in Tertiary Hospital in Bangladesh","authors":"Lucky Rahman","doi":"10.36348/sjmps.2024.v10i03.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36348/sjmps.2024.v10i03.003","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) represents a complex endocrinopathy with significant metabolic implications. The Rotterdam criteria establish the diagnosis based on the presence of two of three criteria: ultrasound-confirmed polycystic ovaries, hyperandrogenism, and persistent anovulation. Objective: Our objective was to investigate hormonal and anthropometric parameters in PCOS patients compared to controls, aiming to elucidate predictive markers and metabolic aberrations. Method: A case-control study comprising 50 PCOS subjects and 50 controls was conducted, focusing on females aged 18-40 attending an obstetrics and gynecology department, Tertiary hospital. Hormonal assays and anthropometric measurements were performed following strict inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Significant differences emerged between PCOS and control groups across various parameters. PCOS individuals displayed elevated levels of TSH, LH, FSH, and prolactin, coupled with increased BMI and altered waist-to-hip ratio, indicating early metabolic disruptions. Notably, the LH:FSH ratio was lower in PCOS subjects, suggesting hormonal imbalances. Conclusion: High levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone, LH, FSH, and prolactin, coupled with elevated body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio, served as indicators of PCOS and early metabolic irregularities.","PeriodicalId":21367,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"57 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140261617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-06DOI: 10.36348/sjmps.2024.v10i03.004
Oula Souhail Tayar
Diabetes during pregnancy, including gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and pre-existing diabetes, presents significant challenges to maternal and fetal health. Clinical populations encompass diverse pregnant individuals, each with unique risk factors and outcomes related to diabetes in pregnancy. This systematic literature review aimed to synthesize findings from eligible studies conducted between January 1, 2020, and December 30, 2023, sourced from Web of Science, PubMed, Medline, and the Cochrane Database of literature Reviews, to comprehensively examine diabetes during pregnancy within clinical populations. We followed established systematic review methodologies, including study selection, data extraction, and analysis. Eligible studies underwent rigorous screening to ensure relevance and quality. Data were systematically extracted to identify trends and patterns in epidemiology, risk factors, clinical management, and outcomes. Among the 15 eligible studies, our analysis revealed variations in the prevalence of diabetes during pregnancy across clinical populations, ranging from 5% to 15%. Socioeconomic factors, ethnicity, and maternal age were significant risk factors. Clinical management strategies varied, with insulin therapy predominant in pre-existing diabetes cases (68%) and dietary interventions in GDM (45%). Fetal macrosomia occurred in 18% of cases, while neonatal hypoglycemia affected 14% of infants born to mothers with diabetes. This systematic literature review highlights the multifaceted nature of diabetes during pregnancy in clinical populations. Variations in prevalence and risk factors underscore the importance of tailored healthcare interventions. Diverse management approaches necessitate individualized care plans. The prevalence of adverse outcomes necessitates vigilant monitoring and timely interventions. Our findings inform evidence-based practices research priorities, and support improved care for pregnant individuals with diabetes in clinical populations.
{"title":"Clinical Population about Diabetes during Pregnancy: A Systematic Literature Review","authors":"Oula Souhail Tayar","doi":"10.36348/sjmps.2024.v10i03.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36348/sjmps.2024.v10i03.004","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes during pregnancy, including gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and pre-existing diabetes, presents significant challenges to maternal and fetal health. Clinical populations encompass diverse pregnant individuals, each with unique risk factors and outcomes related to diabetes in pregnancy. This systematic literature review aimed to synthesize findings from eligible studies conducted between January 1, 2020, and December 30, 2023, sourced from Web of Science, PubMed, Medline, and the Cochrane Database of literature Reviews, to comprehensively examine diabetes during pregnancy within clinical populations. We followed established systematic review methodologies, including study selection, data extraction, and analysis. Eligible studies underwent rigorous screening to ensure relevance and quality. Data were systematically extracted to identify trends and patterns in epidemiology, risk factors, clinical management, and outcomes. Among the 15 eligible studies, our analysis revealed variations in the prevalence of diabetes during pregnancy across clinical populations, ranging from 5% to 15%. Socioeconomic factors, ethnicity, and maternal age were significant risk factors. Clinical management strategies varied, with insulin therapy predominant in pre-existing diabetes cases (68%) and dietary interventions in GDM (45%). Fetal macrosomia occurred in 18% of cases, while neonatal hypoglycemia affected 14% of infants born to mothers with diabetes. This systematic literature review highlights the multifaceted nature of diabetes during pregnancy in clinical populations. Variations in prevalence and risk factors underscore the importance of tailored healthcare interventions. Diverse management approaches necessitate individualized care plans. The prevalence of adverse outcomes necessitates vigilant monitoring and timely interventions. Our findings inform evidence-based practices research priorities, and support improved care for pregnant individuals with diabetes in clinical populations.","PeriodicalId":21367,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140261212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-05DOI: 10.36348/sjmps.2024.v10i03.001
Ahmed A. Alsayed Alhashim, Jamal Khaled S. Aljamal, A. Alkhayyal, Abdulluh Aljasim, Nora Alkhatam, Abdulrhman S AlTuraif, Ahmed A. Alazmi, D. Alkhateeb, Khallad Tariq Abdulaziz Alsahalwi, H. Alsubaie, Fatima Almulhim, M. Alshammary
Objectives: To investigate the prevalence and associated factors of drug abuse among the Saudi population. Methods: To locate relevant material, we searched PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and Science Direct thoroughly. The Rayyan QRCI was used during the procedure. Results: We included six studies with a total of 33222 patients, and 20,803 (62.6%) were males. Drug abuse prevalence ranged from 2.4% to 58.8%. The most common drugs used were amphetamine-cannabis benzodiazepine, Amphetamines & cannabis, Stimulants & cannabis, Heroin & alcohol, Khat chewing, and Marijuna & narcotic drugs. Patients' age, smoking habits, past medical history, and age at the beginning of drug use, male gender unmarried people, and Saudi nationals, used drugs at substantially greater rates. Interestingly, participants with higher education levels were more likely to use drugs such as amphetamines and cannabis while lower educational attainment were more likely to use Khat. Conclusion: When it came to substance misuse, the general Saudi population that visited health facilities had a pretty high rate. In light of these findings, we recommend carrying out additional research to obtain more precise and pertinent information about the incidence of substance usage in Saudi Arabia. To determine the incidence of morphine abuse across various populations, including healthcare professionals and people with chronic pain—such as sickle cell patients—we advised conducting additional research.
{"title":"Prevalence of Drug Abuse and its Risk Factors among Attendees of Healthcare Centers in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review","authors":"Ahmed A. Alsayed Alhashim, Jamal Khaled S. Aljamal, A. Alkhayyal, Abdulluh Aljasim, Nora Alkhatam, Abdulrhman S AlTuraif, Ahmed A. Alazmi, D. Alkhateeb, Khallad Tariq Abdulaziz Alsahalwi, H. Alsubaie, Fatima Almulhim, M. Alshammary","doi":"10.36348/sjmps.2024.v10i03.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36348/sjmps.2024.v10i03.001","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To investigate the prevalence and associated factors of drug abuse among the Saudi population. Methods: To locate relevant material, we searched PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and Science Direct thoroughly. The Rayyan QRCI was used during the procedure. Results: We included six studies with a total of 33222 patients, and 20,803 (62.6%) were males. Drug abuse prevalence ranged from 2.4% to 58.8%. The most common drugs used were amphetamine-cannabis benzodiazepine, Amphetamines & cannabis, Stimulants & cannabis, Heroin & alcohol, Khat chewing, and Marijuna & narcotic drugs. Patients' age, smoking habits, past medical history, and age at the beginning of drug use, male gender unmarried people, and Saudi nationals, used drugs at substantially greater rates. Interestingly, participants with higher education levels were more likely to use drugs such as amphetamines and cannabis while lower educational attainment were more likely to use Khat. Conclusion: When it came to substance misuse, the general Saudi population that visited health facilities had a pretty high rate. In light of these findings, we recommend carrying out additional research to obtain more precise and pertinent information about the incidence of substance usage in Saudi Arabia. To determine the incidence of morphine abuse across various populations, including healthcare professionals and people with chronic pain—such as sickle cell patients—we advised conducting additional research.","PeriodicalId":21367,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"16 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140264287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-26DOI: 10.36348/sjmps.2024.v10i02.012
Juwel Das, Sayeed Haq, Palash Sarker, Bijoy Pal
Background: Bronchial asthma, a prevalent chronic respiratory condition, poses a significant health concern among secondary school students in Bangladesh, particularly in the bustling urban centers with associated environmental challenges. Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of bronchial asthma and its associated factors among secondary school students. Method: This cross-sectional study, conducted from January to June 2023, aimed to assess the prevalence of bronchial asthma among 250 secondary school students (aged 10-15 yrs) in Bangladesh. The study employed a structured questionnaire, including the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) asthma questionnaire, to collect socio-demographic details and assess asthma prevalence. Results: The findings revealed a mean age of 12.9 years, with an equal distribution of males and females. Notably, 11.6% had been diagnosed with asthma by a doctor. Factors such as sex, age, monthly family income, history of childhood pneumonia, and passive smoking exposure showed significant associations with bronchial asthma. Logistic regression analysis identified being male (OR=2.32, p=0.042), a history of childhood pneumonia (OR=3.10, p=0.007), and maternal asthma (OR=2.739, p=0.032) as predictors of bronchial asthma. The prevalence was higher in males and those with a history of childhood pneumonia or maternal asthma. Conclusion: This study emphasizes the need for comprehensive health initiatives targeting the identified risk factors to mitigate the impact of bronchial asthma on the health and academic performance of secondary school students in Bangladesh. Addressing childhood pneumonia and reducing passive smoking exposure are crucial strategies for preventing the development of bronchial asthma in this vulnerable population.
{"title":"Prevalence of Bronchial Asthma among Secondary School Students","authors":"Juwel Das, Sayeed Haq, Palash Sarker, Bijoy Pal","doi":"10.36348/sjmps.2024.v10i02.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36348/sjmps.2024.v10i02.012","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Bronchial asthma, a prevalent chronic respiratory condition, poses a significant health concern among secondary school students in Bangladesh, particularly in the bustling urban centers with associated environmental challenges. Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of bronchial asthma and its associated factors among secondary school students. Method: This cross-sectional study, conducted from January to June 2023, aimed to assess the prevalence of bronchial asthma among 250 secondary school students (aged 10-15 yrs) in Bangladesh. The study employed a structured questionnaire, including the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) asthma questionnaire, to collect socio-demographic details and assess asthma prevalence. Results: The findings revealed a mean age of 12.9 years, with an equal distribution of males and females. Notably, 11.6% had been diagnosed with asthma by a doctor. Factors such as sex, age, monthly family income, history of childhood pneumonia, and passive smoking exposure showed significant associations with bronchial asthma. Logistic regression analysis identified being male (OR=2.32, p=0.042), a history of childhood pneumonia (OR=3.10, p=0.007), and maternal asthma (OR=2.739, p=0.032) as predictors of bronchial asthma. The prevalence was higher in males and those with a history of childhood pneumonia or maternal asthma. Conclusion: This study emphasizes the need for comprehensive health initiatives targeting the identified risk factors to mitigate the impact of bronchial asthma on the health and academic performance of secondary school students in Bangladesh. Addressing childhood pneumonia and reducing passive smoking exposure are crucial strategies for preventing the development of bronchial asthma in this vulnerable population.","PeriodicalId":21367,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"98 4‐5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140428956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-26DOI: 10.36348/sjmps.2024.v10i02.013
M. Bouissehak, M. Kadiri, F. Chabib, C. Berhili, N. Lagdali, M. Borahma, I. Benelbardhadi, F. Ajana
This is the case of a 63-year-old female patient admitted for management of a liver mass discovered incidentally on imaging. The patient presented with weight loss and prutitus, and on clinical examination had collateral venous circulation and scraping lesions. Abdominal ultrasound coupled with Doppler showed a hepatic tissue mass with left-sided portal thrombosis. Hepatic MRI confirmed the diagnosis and also revealed SBC with infiltration of the left and median hepatic veins. Liver biopsy confirmed diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)in cirrhotic liver. Etiological work-up for prothrombotic factors and cirrhosis was negative. The patient was a candidate for palliative treatment. But our dilemma: is this a case of primary or secondary BCS? Scholars Middle East Publishers
{"title":"Case Report: Budd-Chiari Syndrome (BCS) on Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC): Primary or Secondary Cause?","authors":"M. Bouissehak, M. Kadiri, F. Chabib, C. Berhili, N. Lagdali, M. Borahma, I. Benelbardhadi, F. Ajana","doi":"10.36348/sjmps.2024.v10i02.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36348/sjmps.2024.v10i02.013","url":null,"abstract":"This is the case of a 63-year-old female patient admitted for management of a liver mass discovered incidentally on imaging. The patient presented with weight loss and prutitus, and on clinical examination had collateral venous circulation and scraping lesions. Abdominal ultrasound coupled with Doppler showed a hepatic tissue mass with left-sided portal thrombosis. Hepatic MRI confirmed the diagnosis and also revealed SBC with infiltration of the left and median hepatic veins. Liver biopsy confirmed diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)in cirrhotic liver. Etiological work-up for prothrombotic factors and cirrhosis was negative. The patient was a candidate for palliative treatment. But our dilemma: is this a case of primary or secondary BCS? Scholars Middle East Publishers","PeriodicalId":21367,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"18 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140430149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-19DOI: 10.36348/sjmps.2024.v10i02.010
Y. Essadni, M. Salihoun, F. Bouhamou, M. Acharki, I. Serraj, N. Kabbaj
Iron-deficiency anemia is very common among patients in gastroenterology. The digestive system plays a key role in the pathophysiology of iron-deficiency. Indeed, digestive causes are one the most fequent etiology. This is why endoscopic evaluation is part of the etiological assessment of iron-deficiency anemia. The aim of this study is to investigate the usefulness of esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) and histopathology in the etiological diagnosis of iron-deficiency anemias. Materials and Methods: This is a monocentric study conducted from January 2019 to December 2023. All patients with iron-deficiency anemia who underwent EGD were included. Various data were recorded, including patients' epidemiological information, laboratory findings, and results from endoscopic examinations. Results: Out of 2960 EGD, 576 (19,5%) were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 49.81 years, ranging from 18 to 83 years. The male-to-female sex ratio was 0.67. It is notable that 47.5% of the patients had various medical histories: inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in 19.13% of cases, history of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use in 12.17%, coeliac disease in 6.13%, cirrhosis with portal hypertension in 8.70%. All patients underwent EGD. An abnormality was found in 63.4% of cases, including: Esophageal lesions: gastroesophageal varices in 13.3% of cases, erosive esophagitis in 7.5%, esophageal tumor in 0.6% of cases. Gastric lesions: erosive gastritis in 35% of cases, ulcerative gastritis in 22%, erythematous gastritis in 17%, gastric tumor in 15% of cases, supra-centimetric hyperplastic polyps in 5% of cases. Bulboduodenal lesions: erosive bulboduodenitis in 25% of cases, ulcerative bulboduodenitis in 18%, duodenal fold rarefaction in 16%, angiodysplasia in 3.5%. Gastric and duodenal biopsies were systematically performed. Duodenal biopsies showed a celiac disease aspect in 7.6% of cases, and nonspecific duodenitis in 4.6% of cases. Gastric biopsies revealed gastritis with Helicobacter pylori (Hp) in 57.6% of cases. Thus, the diagnostic yield of EGD was 47.33%. Conclusion: Iron deficiency anemia are common medical conditions in daily clinical practice. The multiple etiologies of iron deficiency anemia and the nonspecificity of symptoms make diagnosis difficult. Gastrointestinal lesions are frequently observed in patients with iron deficiency anemia. Digestive endoscopy has a great value in the etiological investigation of this pathology. Gastroscopy allows for the etiological diagnosis for many patients that’s why it is systematically recommended do it.
{"title":"Iron Deficiency Anemia: The Contribution of Upper Digestive Endoscopy in Etiological Investigation","authors":"Y. Essadni, M. Salihoun, F. Bouhamou, M. Acharki, I. Serraj, N. Kabbaj","doi":"10.36348/sjmps.2024.v10i02.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36348/sjmps.2024.v10i02.010","url":null,"abstract":"Iron-deficiency anemia is very common among patients in gastroenterology. The digestive system plays a key role in the pathophysiology of iron-deficiency. Indeed, digestive causes are one the most fequent etiology. This is why endoscopic evaluation is part of the etiological assessment of iron-deficiency anemia. The aim of this study is to investigate the usefulness of esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) and histopathology in the etiological diagnosis of iron-deficiency anemias. Materials and Methods: This is a monocentric study conducted from January 2019 to December 2023. All patients with iron-deficiency anemia who underwent EGD were included. Various data were recorded, including patients' epidemiological information, laboratory findings, and results from endoscopic examinations. Results: Out of 2960 EGD, 576 (19,5%) were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 49.81 years, ranging from 18 to 83 years. The male-to-female sex ratio was 0.67. It is notable that 47.5% of the patients had various medical histories: inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in 19.13% of cases, history of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use in 12.17%, coeliac disease in 6.13%, cirrhosis with portal hypertension in 8.70%. All patients underwent EGD. An abnormality was found in 63.4% of cases, including: Esophageal lesions: gastroesophageal varices in 13.3% of cases, erosive esophagitis in 7.5%, esophageal tumor in 0.6% of cases. Gastric lesions: erosive gastritis in 35% of cases, ulcerative gastritis in 22%, erythematous gastritis in 17%, gastric tumor in 15% of cases, supra-centimetric hyperplastic polyps in 5% of cases. Bulboduodenal lesions: erosive bulboduodenitis in 25% of cases, ulcerative bulboduodenitis in 18%, duodenal fold rarefaction in 16%, angiodysplasia in 3.5%. Gastric and duodenal biopsies were systematically performed. Duodenal biopsies showed a celiac disease aspect in 7.6% of cases, and nonspecific duodenitis in 4.6% of cases. Gastric biopsies revealed gastritis with Helicobacter pylori (Hp) in 57.6% of cases. Thus, the diagnostic yield of EGD was 47.33%. Conclusion: Iron deficiency anemia are common medical conditions in daily clinical practice. The multiple etiologies of iron deficiency anemia and the nonspecificity of symptoms make diagnosis difficult. Gastrointestinal lesions are frequently observed in patients with iron deficiency anemia. Digestive endoscopy has a great value in the etiological investigation of this pathology. Gastroscopy allows for the etiological diagnosis for many patients that’s why it is systematically recommended do it.","PeriodicalId":21367,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"77 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140452221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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