Pub Date : 2024-10-25DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2024.10.007
Chaofan Geng , Chen Chen
Introduction
This study employs the Mendelian Randomization (MR) approach to explore the potential causal relationship between schizophrenia and the risk of developing narcolepsy.
Methods
Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) data from European populations were used to identify independent genetic variants associated with schizophrenia and narcolepsy, which were then used as instrumental variables in the analysis. The inverse variance weighting (IVW) method was performed to validate the findings. Effect sizes were presented as odds ratios (OR) and beta coefficients (β).
Results
The IVW analysis showed no significant causal relationship between schizophrenia and narcolepsy (OR: 1.002, 95 % CI: 0.996–1.007, P = 0.531). Likewise, the reverse analysis did not find any significant causal association (OR: 1.059, 95 % CI: 0.717–1.567, P = 0.421). Sensitivity analyses further confirmed the robustness of these findings.
Conclusion
The MR analysis does not provide evidence for a bidirectional causal relationship between schizophrenia and narcolepsy. Further research is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and to identify potential targets for intervention.
{"title":"Bidirectional Mendelian randomization to explore the causal relationships between schizophrenia and narcolepsy","authors":"Chaofan Geng , Chen Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.schres.2024.10.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.schres.2024.10.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>This study employs the Mendelian Randomization (MR) approach to explore the potential causal relationship between schizophrenia and the risk of developing narcolepsy.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) data from European populations were used to identify independent genetic variants associated with schizophrenia and narcolepsy, which were then used as instrumental variables in the analysis. The inverse variance weighting (IVW) method was performed to validate the findings. Effect sizes were presented as odds ratios (OR) and beta coefficients (β).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The IVW analysis showed no significant causal relationship between schizophrenia and narcolepsy (OR: 1.002, 95 % CI: 0.996–1.007, <em>P</em> = 0.531). Likewise, the reverse analysis did not find any significant causal association (OR: 1.059, 95 % CI: 0.717–1.567, <em>P</em> = 0.421). Sensitivity analyses further confirmed the robustness of these findings.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The MR analysis does not provide evidence for a bidirectional causal relationship between schizophrenia and narcolepsy. Further research is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and to identify potential targets for intervention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21417,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research","volume":"274 ","pages":"Pages 345-351"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142507021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-24DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2024.09.026
Mahima Dewan , Emily Campbell (Daniels) , Jared E. Hunt , Emily A. Bryant , Samantha I. Trikeriotis , Deanna L. Kelly , Heather A. Adams , Stephanie M. Hare , James A. Waltz
It has been long known that people with schizophrenia (SZ) have deficits in perceptual processing, including in the auditory domain. Furthermore, they often experience increased emotional responsivity and dysregulation, which further impacts overall functioning. Increased emotional responsivity to auditory stimuli is also seen in people with misophonia, a condition in which specific sounds elicit robust negative emotional responses. Given the role of emotional reactivity and dysregulation in the pathogenesis of SZ, our study investigated whether misophonia symptoms were elevated in SZ, or if people with SZ have a generalized increase in reactivity to sensory information. To explore the link between emotional reactivity to sound and more general aspects emotional reactivity and salience signaling in SZ, we used the Misophonia Questionnaire, the Sensory Processing Scale (SPS), and Aberrant Salience Inventory (ASI) in 30 people with SZ and 28 demographically-matched healthy volunteers (HVs). We found that people with SZ exhibited more emotional behavior associated with misophonia symptoms (specifically, distress in relation to sound) than HVs (t56 = 4.889, p < 0.001), but did not have elevated rates of misophonia overall. Also, sensory processing abnormalities and heightened emotional responses in people with SZ were not limited to the auditory domain but, rather, extended to all sensory modalities. Our results support the idea that SZ involves dysfunction in salience signaling, regarding auditory stimuli, but that abnormalities in salience signaling in SZ are more domain-general. These results highlight the importance of interventions designed to enhance emotion regulation in patients with SZ regarding stimuli in multiple modalities.
{"title":"Aberrant salience signaling in auditory processing in schizophrenia: Evidence for abnormalities in both sensory processing and emotional reactivity","authors":"Mahima Dewan , Emily Campbell (Daniels) , Jared E. Hunt , Emily A. Bryant , Samantha I. Trikeriotis , Deanna L. Kelly , Heather A. Adams , Stephanie M. Hare , James A. Waltz","doi":"10.1016/j.schres.2024.09.026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.schres.2024.09.026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>It has been long known that people with schizophrenia (SZ) have deficits in perceptual processing, including in the auditory domain. Furthermore, they often experience increased emotional responsivity and dysregulation, which further impacts overall functioning. Increased emotional responsivity to auditory stimuli is also seen in people with misophonia, a condition in which specific sounds elicit robust negative emotional responses. Given the role of emotional reactivity and dysregulation in the pathogenesis of SZ, our study investigated whether misophonia symptoms were elevated in SZ, or if people with SZ have a generalized increase in reactivity to sensory information. To explore the link between emotional reactivity to sound and more general aspects emotional reactivity and salience signaling in SZ, we used the Misophonia Questionnaire, the Sensory Processing Scale (SPS), and Aberrant Salience Inventory (ASI) in 30 people with SZ and 28 demographically-matched healthy volunteers (HVs). We found that people with SZ exhibited more emotional behavior associated with misophonia symptoms (specifically, distress in relation to sound) than HVs (t<sub>56</sub> = 4.889, <em>p</em> < 0.001), but did not have elevated rates of misophonia overall. Also, sensory processing abnormalities and heightened emotional responses in people with SZ were not limited to the auditory domain but, rather, extended to all sensory modalities. Our results support the idea that SZ involves dysfunction in salience signaling, regarding auditory stimuli, but that abnormalities in salience signaling in SZ are more domain-general. These results highlight the importance of interventions designed to enhance emotion regulation in patients with SZ regarding stimuli in multiple modalities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21417,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research","volume":"274 ","pages":"Pages 329-336"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142507018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-22DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2024.09.034
Sami George Sabbah, Georg Northoff
{"title":"Basic self-disturbance in schizophrenia: From neuronal to mental topographic dedifferentiation","authors":"Sami George Sabbah, Georg Northoff","doi":"10.1016/j.schres.2024.09.034","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.schres.2024.09.034","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21417,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research","volume":"274 ","pages":"Pages 327-328"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142507020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-21DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2024.10.009
Delbert G. Robinson , Majnu John , Alexander L. Miller , Nina R. Schooler , John M. Kane
Background
Psychosis symptom assessment instruments are rarely used in US mental health community clinical practice despite the advantages of measurement-based care. Barriers include the length of typical scales and that data for scale evaluation often come from researcher and not clinician raters.
Study design
The 12-item COMPASS symptom assessment was designed for the RAISE-ETP study of early phase psychosis. Ratings were done by community facility clinicians. COMPASS psychometric properties were examined with a Mokken scale analysis. Subsequently, Mokken analyses were done on 10-item COMPASS data from the ESPRITO learning health system.
Study results
3600 RAISE-ETP COMPASS assessments were examined. The COMPASS 12-item version fulfilled Mokken scale criteria for unidimensionality (H = 0.329 (SE:0.007)) as did a derived reduced 10-item version (H = 0.359 (SE:0.007)) and 5-item version (H = 0.396 (SE = 0.009)). The 12-item version showed one significant monotonicity violation; no significant violations were found in the reduced item versions. Of the reduced item versions, clinicians preferred the 10-item over the 5-item version. In the ESPRITO data, both the 10-item and 5-item versions met unidimensionality criteria (H = 0.458 (SE:0.030) and 0.478 (0.034) respectively) with no monotonicity violations.
Conclusions
The COMPASS scale offers clinicians versions with varying lengths for assessment of individuals with first episode psychotic disorders in community settings. COMPASS can also facilitate data collection for large scale initiatives; the 10-item version is a symptom assessment option in the US national EPINET project.
{"title":"The COMPASS scale for the assessment of individuals with first episode psychotic disorders","authors":"Delbert G. Robinson , Majnu John , Alexander L. Miller , Nina R. Schooler , John M. Kane","doi":"10.1016/j.schres.2024.10.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.schres.2024.10.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Psychosis symptom assessment instruments are rarely used in US mental health community clinical practice despite the advantages of measurement-based care. Barriers include the length of typical scales and that data for scale evaluation often come from researcher and not clinician raters.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>The 12-item COMPASS symptom assessment was designed for the RAISE-ETP study of early phase psychosis. Ratings were done by community facility clinicians. COMPASS psychometric properties were examined with a Mokken scale analysis. Subsequently, Mokken analyses were done on 10-item COMPASS data from the ESPRITO learning health system.</div></div><div><h3>Study results</h3><div>3600 RAISE-ETP COMPASS assessments were examined. The COMPASS 12-item version fulfilled Mokken scale criteria for unidimensionality (H = 0.329 (SE:0.007)) as did a derived reduced 10-item version (H = 0.359 (SE:0.007)) and 5-item version (H = 0.396 (SE = 0.009)). The 12-item version showed one significant monotonicity violation; no significant violations were found in the reduced item versions. Of the reduced item versions, clinicians preferred the 10-item over the 5-item version. In the ESPRITO data, both the 10-item and 5-item versions met unidimensionality criteria (H = 0.458 (SE:0.030) and 0.478 (0.034) respectively) with no monotonicity violations.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The COMPASS scale offers clinicians versions with varying lengths for assessment of individuals with first episode psychotic disorders in community settings. COMPASS can also facilitate data collection for large scale initiatives; the 10-item version is a symptom assessment option in the US national EPINET project.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21417,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research","volume":"274 ","pages":"Pages 307-314"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142507022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-21DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2024.10.003
Daniela L. Uliana, Angela Martinez, Anthony A. Grace
Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a complex neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by positive, negative, and cognitive symptoms. The neurodevelopmental methylazoxy-methanol acetate (MAM) rodent model replicates key neurobiological features of SCZ which includes hyperdopaminergic states in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and cognitive deficits. Typical and atypical antipsychotics are primarily effective in treating the positive symptoms of SCZ but often fall short of addressing cognitive deficits. A promising therapeutic approach for treating all symptoms of SCZ has emerged through the inhibition of phosphodiesterase 10 A (PDE10A). Our study aim was to investigate the impact of acute and chronic THPP-1 (PDE10A inhibitor) treatment, in MAM rats, focusing on cognitive deficits and VTA dopamine (DA) activity. Adult offspring of pregnant rats treated with Saline or MAM (20 mg/kg) on gestational day 17 were treated with THPP-1 acutely (male/female rats; 3 mg/kg) at postnatal day (PD) 70–80 or chronically (males; 3 weeks; 2-3 mg/kg) from PD 70–91 and tested in the novel object recognition test and electrophysiological recording of DA neurons in the VTA. Acute THPP-1 treatment reversed cognitive impairments and normalized the increased number of active DA neurons in the VTA of male and female MAM rats, without affecting control rats. Also, chronic THPP-1 treatment reversed cognitive deficits and normalized DA hyperactivity in the VTA of male MAM rats. The efficacy of THPP-1 in reversing MAM-induced impairments underscores its ability to target disease-specific circuitry without affecting normal regulated systems in control rats. Our findings highlight the therapeutic potential of THPP-1 for addressing cognitive deficits and DA dysregulation in SCZ.
精神分裂症（SCZ）是一种复杂的神经精神疾病，以阳性、阴性和认知症状为特征。神经发育性醋酸甲氧基甲醇（MAM）啮齿动物模型复制了精神分裂症的主要神经生物学特征，包括腹侧被盖区（VTA）的多巴胺能亢进状态和认知障碍。典型和非典型抗精神病药物主要能有效治疗 SCZ 的阳性症状，但往往无法解决认知障碍问题。通过抑制磷酸二酯酶10 A（PDE10A），一种有望治疗SCZ所有症状的治疗方法已经出现。我们的研究旨在调查急性和慢性 THPP-1（PDE10A 抑制剂）治疗对 MAM 大鼠的影响，重点是认知障碍和 VTA 多巴胺（DA）活性。在妊娠第 17 天用生理盐水或 MAM（20 毫克/千克）治疗怀孕大鼠的成年后代，在出生后第 70-80 天（PD）用 THPP-1 进行急性治疗（雄性/雌性大鼠；3 毫克/千克），或在出生后第 70-91 天用 THPP-1 进行慢性治疗（雄性大鼠；3 周；2-3 毫克/千克）。急性 THPP-1 治疗逆转了雄性和雌性 MAM 大鼠的认知障碍，并使 VTA 中活性 DA 神经元数量的增加恢复正常，但对对照组大鼠没有影响。此外，慢性 THPP-1 治疗可逆转雄性 MAM 大鼠的认知障碍，并使其 VTA 中 DA 活性亢进恢复正常。THPP-1在逆转MAM诱导的损伤方面的疗效凸显了其靶向疾病特异性回路的能力，而不会影响对照组大鼠的正常调节系统。我们的研究结果突显了 THPP-1 在解决 SCZ 认知缺陷和 DA 失调方面的治疗潜力。
{"title":"THPP-1 PDE10A inhibitor reverses the cognitive deficits and hyperdopaminergic state in a neurodevelopment model of schizophrenia","authors":"Daniela L. Uliana, Angela Martinez, Anthony A. Grace","doi":"10.1016/j.schres.2024.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.schres.2024.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a complex neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by positive, negative, and cognitive symptoms. The neurodevelopmental methylazoxy-methanol acetate (MAM) rodent model replicates key neurobiological features of SCZ which includes hyperdopaminergic states in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and cognitive deficits. Typical and atypical antipsychotics are primarily effective in treating the positive symptoms of SCZ but often fall short of addressing cognitive deficits. A promising therapeutic approach for treating all symptoms of SCZ has emerged through the inhibition of phosphodiesterase 10 A (PDE10A). Our study aim was to investigate the impact of acute and chronic THPP-1 (PDE10A inhibitor) treatment, in MAM rats, focusing on cognitive deficits and VTA dopamine (DA) activity. Adult offspring of pregnant rats treated with Saline or MAM (20 mg/kg) on gestational day 17 were treated with THPP-1 acutely (male/female rats; 3 mg/kg) at postnatal day (PD) 70–80 or chronically (males; 3 weeks; 2-3 mg/kg) from PD 70–91 and tested in the novel object recognition test and electrophysiological recording of DA neurons in the VTA. Acute THPP-1 treatment reversed cognitive impairments and normalized the increased number of active DA neurons in the VTA of male and female MAM rats, without affecting control rats. Also, chronic THPP-1 treatment reversed cognitive deficits and normalized DA hyperactivity in the VTA of male MAM rats. The efficacy of THPP-1 in reversing MAM-induced impairments underscores its ability to target disease-specific circuitry without affecting normal regulated systems in control rats. Our findings highlight the therapeutic potential of THPP-1 for addressing cognitive deficits and DA dysregulation in SCZ.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21417,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research","volume":"274 ","pages":"Pages 315-326"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142507023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-20DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2024.09.030
Franciska de Beer , Ben Wijnen , Lotte Wouda , Sanne Koops , Shiral Gangadin , Wim Veling , Nico van Beveren , Lieuwe de Haan , Marieke J.H. Begemann , HAMLETT-OPHELIA consortium, Iris E.C. Sommer
Negative symptoms can be an integral part of schizophrenia spectrum pathology and can be secondary to other psychotic symptoms or caused by antipsychotic medication. As antipsychotic drugs differ in their affinity to dopamine receptors and some antipsychotics have partial agonistic effects, antipsychotic drugs are expected to vary in their ability to cause negative symptoms.
The association between negative symptoms and antipsychotic medication divided into partial agonists, or antagonists with high or low D2 affinity was assessed in 310 remitted first episode psychosis (FEP) patients. Severity of negative symptoms was assessed with the Comprehensive Assessment of Symptoms and History, and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. Linear regression analyses were performed while controlling for differences in clinical and sociodemographic characteristics between the groups using inverse probability of treatment weighting.
Patients using partial agonists (n = 78) showed fewer negative symptoms compared to those using high affinity antagonists (n = 84). Patients using partial agonists displayed less severe negative symptoms compared to those using low affinity antagonists (n = 148) at a trend level (p = 0.051). Negative symptom severity was higher in patients who had higher antipsychotic doses.
In remitted FEP patients, we observed that the use of antipsychotic medication classified as partial agonists was associated with lower severity of negative symptoms, while the use of antagonists with high D2 affinity was associated with more severe negative symptoms.
{"title":"Antipsychotic dopamine D2 affinity and negative symptoms in remitted first episode psychosis patients","authors":"Franciska de Beer , Ben Wijnen , Lotte Wouda , Sanne Koops , Shiral Gangadin , Wim Veling , Nico van Beveren , Lieuwe de Haan , Marieke J.H. Begemann , HAMLETT-OPHELIA consortium, Iris E.C. Sommer","doi":"10.1016/j.schres.2024.09.030","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.schres.2024.09.030","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Negative symptoms can be an integral part of schizophrenia spectrum pathology and can be secondary to other psychotic symptoms or caused by antipsychotic medication. As antipsychotic drugs differ in their affinity to dopamine receptors and some antipsychotics have partial agonistic effects, antipsychotic drugs are expected to vary in their ability to cause negative symptoms.</div><div>The association between negative symptoms and antipsychotic medication divided into partial agonists, or antagonists with high or low D<sub>2</sub> affinity was assessed in 310 remitted first episode psychosis (FEP) patients. Severity of negative symptoms was assessed with the Comprehensive Assessment of Symptoms and History, and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. Linear regression analyses were performed while controlling for differences in clinical and sociodemographic characteristics between the groups using inverse probability of treatment weighting.</div><div>Patients using partial agonists (<em>n</em> = 78) showed fewer negative symptoms compared to those using high affinity antagonists (<em>n</em> = 84). Patients using partial agonists displayed less severe negative symptoms compared to those using low affinity antagonists (<em>n</em> = 148) at a trend level (<em>p</em> = 0.051). Negative symptom severity was higher in patients who had higher antipsychotic doses.</div><div>In remitted FEP patients, we observed that the use of antipsychotic medication classified as partial agonists was associated with lower severity of negative symptoms, while the use of antagonists with high D<sub>2</sub> affinity was associated with more severe negative symptoms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21417,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research","volume":"274 ","pages":"Pages 299-306"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142473686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-18DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2024.10.001
Yongjia Zhou , Qingyong Zheng , Jinhui Tian
{"title":"Letter to the editor regarding “The effects of mindful exercise on cognition in patients with schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials”","authors":"Yongjia Zhou , Qingyong Zheng , Jinhui Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.schres.2024.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.schres.2024.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21417,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research","volume":"274 ","pages":"Pages 288-289"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142473724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-18DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2024.10.005
Paulina Bagrowska , Marta Siepsiak , Maria Nalberczak-Skóra , Łukasz Gawęda
Paranoia-like thoughts refer to heightened suspicions and unfounded beliefs about being watched or persecuted by others. Recent research has found a significant correlation between misophonia symptoms, a form of decreased sound tolerance, and paranoia-like thoughts, both of which are linked to heightened negative emotions in clinical and non-clinical populations. Notably, it has been observed that misophonia may also be associated with the tendency to attribute hostile intent to those producing triggering sounds, a feature consistent with paranoid ideation (i.e., perceptions of intentional harm). However, existing research is based on correlational data, limiting causal inference. Therefore, an online study involving a non-clinical sample (N = 487) employed an experimental approach to examine the relationship between misophonia symptoms, negative emotional response, and paranoia-like thoughts. Participants were randomly assigned to one of four task conditions, each related to exposure to different stimulus types: orofacial human-produced sounds, non-human sounds, sounds without visual context, or visuals devoid of sound. The results of mixed model ANOVA and mediation analysis revealed that exposure to common misophonia trigger sounds with a human-related visual context slightly, but not significantly, raised the levels of paranoia-like thoughts. However, it did lead to a significant increase in negative emotions, which, in turn, proved to be a significant mediator of an increase in paranoia-like thoughts. Conversely, exposure to non-human sounds or to only audio/visual stimuli either decreased both negative emotions and paranoia-like thoughts or showed no significant change. This emphasized the role of context and the involvement of negative emotional response to human-made sounds in amplifying paranoia-like thoughts. Importantly, this effect was observed in individuals who do not meet the provisional diagnostic criteria for misophonia, suggesting that symptoms of misophonia may extend beyond clinical diagnoses, with milder manifestations potentially being present within the general population.
{"title":"Exacerbation of paranoia-like thoughts following exposure to common misophonia trigger sounds","authors":"Paulina Bagrowska , Marta Siepsiak , Maria Nalberczak-Skóra , Łukasz Gawęda","doi":"10.1016/j.schres.2024.10.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.schres.2024.10.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Paranoia-like thoughts refer to heightened suspicions and unfounded beliefs about being watched or persecuted by others. Recent research has found a significant correlation between misophonia symptoms, a form of decreased sound tolerance, and paranoia-like thoughts, both of which are linked to heightened negative emotions in clinical and non-clinical populations. Notably, it has been observed that misophonia may also be associated with the tendency to attribute hostile intent to those producing triggering sounds, a feature consistent with paranoid ideation (i.e., perceptions of intentional harm). However, existing research is based on correlational data, limiting causal inference. Therefore, an online study involving a non-clinical sample (<em>N</em> = 487) employed an experimental approach to examine the relationship between misophonia symptoms, negative emotional response, and paranoia-like thoughts. Participants were randomly assigned to one of four task conditions, each related to exposure to different stimulus types: orofacial human-produced sounds, non-human sounds, sounds without visual context, or visuals devoid of sound. The results of mixed model ANOVA and mediation analysis revealed that exposure to common misophonia trigger sounds with a human-related visual context slightly, but not significantly, raised the levels of paranoia-like thoughts. However, it did lead to a significant increase in negative emotions, which, in turn, proved to be a significant mediator of an increase in paranoia-like thoughts. Conversely, exposure to non-human sounds or to only audio/visual stimuli either decreased both negative emotions and paranoia-like thoughts or showed no significant change. This emphasized the role of context and the involvement of negative emotional response to human-made sounds in amplifying paranoia-like thoughts. Importantly, this effect was observed in individuals who do not meet the provisional diagnostic criteria for misophonia, suggesting that symptoms of misophonia may extend beyond clinical diagnoses, with milder manifestations potentially being present within the general population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21417,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research","volume":"274 ","pages":"Pages 290-298"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142473687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
People with schizophrenia have a shorter life span and high mortality and morbidity rates. Peer support is an important strategy that can improve outcomes for people with schizophrenia. Peer support involves people with a lived experience of recovery who help and support others experiencing mental health problems.
Aims
The main aim of this systematic literature review was to examine the effectiveness of peer support on the recovery and empowerment outcomes of service users with schizophrenia disorders. The objectives were to contribute to evidence-based practice and promote peer support interventions in mental health services.
Data sources
We searched for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) on peer support in MEDLINE, CINAHL, AMED, Academic Search Premier, PubMed, PsycArticles, PsycINFO, Cochrane, and Psychology and Behavioural Sciences Collection. We identified additional trials from the citations of previous studies.
Methods
We assessed the trials' methodological quality and biases using the risk of bias (RoB) and grading of recommendations, assessment, development, and evaluation (GRADE) tools. We performed a meta-analysis in the RevMan application and extracted data from the clinical trials using narrative synthesis. This systematic review was guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) procedures.
Results
A total of 17 trials with 5974 participants were included in this review. The most common peer support was peer-led self-management interventions. The RE model (SMD = 0.29, 95 % CI = 0.13 to 0.45, p-value = 0.0004) shows that peer support interventions significantly improved the recovery outcome compared to standard care provided to service users with schizophrenia. The RE model (SMD = 0.22, 95 % CI = 0.11 to 0.33, p-value = 0.0001) also shows that peer support interventions significantly empowered service users with schizophrenia. However, the positive effects were small. A sub-group analysis found moderate effects on the recovery outcome among the emerging peer support interventions. The quality of the evidence was moderate.
Conclusions
Peer support interventions effectively improved the recovery and empowerment outcomes. Current clinical trials indicate that peer support is an essential psychosocial intervention in improving empowerment and recovery in service users with schizophrenia.
背景精神分裂症患者的寿命较短，死亡率和发病率较高。同伴互助是一种可以改善精神分裂症患者治疗效果的重要策略。这项系统性文献综述的主要目的是研究同伴支持对精神分裂症患者的康复和赋权结果的有效性。数据来源我们在 MEDLINE、CINAHL、AMED、Academic Search Premier、PubMed、PsycArticles、PsycINFO、Cochrane 和 Psychology and Behavioural Sciences Collection 中检索了有关同伴支持的随机对照试验 (RCT)。我们使用偏倚风险（RoB）和建议、评估、开发和评价分级（GRADE）工具评估了试验的方法学质量和偏倚。我们在 RevMan 应用程序中进行了荟萃分析，并通过叙事综合法从临床试验中提取了数据。本系统综述以系统综述和荟萃分析首选报告项目（PRISMA）程序为指导。最常见的同伴支持是同伴引导的自我管理干预。RE模型（SMD = 0.29, 95 % CI = 0.13 to 0.45, p值 = 0.0004）显示，与向精神分裂症患者提供的标准护理相比，同伴支持干预能显著改善患者的康复效果。RE 模型（SMD = 0.22，95 % CI = 0.11 至 0.33，p 值 = 0.0001）也表明，同伴支持干预能显著增强精神分裂症服务使用者的能力。然而，积极效果很小。一项分组分析发现，新出现的同伴支持干预措施对康复结果的影响适中。结论同伴支持干预能有效改善康复和赋权结果。目前的临床试验表明，同伴支持是一种重要的社会心理干预措施，可提高精神分裂症服务使用者的能力并促进其康复。
{"title":"The effectiveness of peer support on the recovery and empowerment of people with schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Sharon Midzi Jambawo , Rasaq Owolewa , Trevor Tinarwo Jambawo","doi":"10.1016/j.schres.2024.10.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.schres.2024.10.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>People with schizophrenia have a shorter life span and high mortality and morbidity rates. Peer support is an important strategy that can improve outcomes for people with schizophrenia. Peer support involves people with a lived experience of recovery who help and support others experiencing mental health problems.</div></div><div><h3>Aims</h3><div>The main aim of this systematic literature review was to examine the effectiveness of peer support on the recovery and empowerment outcomes of service users with schizophrenia disorders. The objectives were to contribute to evidence-based practice and promote peer support interventions in mental health services.</div></div><div><h3>Data sources</h3><div>We searched for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) on peer support in MEDLINE, CINAHL, AMED, Academic Search Premier, PubMed, PsycArticles, PsycINFO, Cochrane, and Psychology and Behavioural Sciences Collection. We identified additional trials from the citations of previous studies.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We assessed the trials' methodological quality and biases using the risk of bias (RoB) and grading of recommendations, assessment, development, and evaluation (GRADE) tools. We performed a meta-analysis in the RevMan application and extracted data from the clinical trials using narrative synthesis. This systematic review was guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) procedures.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 17 trials with 5974 participants were included in this review. The most common peer support was peer-led self-management interventions. The RE model (SMD = 0.29, 95 % CI = 0.13 to 0.45, <em>p</em>-value = 0.0004) shows that peer support interventions significantly improved the recovery outcome compared to standard care provided to service users with schizophrenia. The RE model (SMD = 0.22, 95 % CI = 0.11 to 0.33, <em>p</em>-value = 0.0001) also shows that peer support interventions significantly empowered service users with schizophrenia. However, the positive effects were small. A sub-group analysis found moderate effects on the recovery outcome among the emerging peer support interventions. The quality of the evidence was moderate.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Peer support interventions effectively improved the recovery and empowerment outcomes. Current clinical trials indicate that peer support is an essential psychosocial intervention in improving empowerment and recovery in service users with schizophrenia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21417,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research","volume":"274 ","pages":"Pages 270-279"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142445394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study investigated how individual differences in schizotypy differentially predicted types of loneliness – direct, social, emotional, and existential loneliness (in relationships and meaninglessness in life).
Methods
We presented participants with the brief version of the Oxford-Liverpool Inventory of Feelings and Experiences and the de Jong Giervald loneliness scale and used dominance analysis to evaluate the dominant predictors of schizotypy on loneliness. We also evaluated the impact of depression on each model.
Results
In our preregistered analysis we found evidence to suggest that cognitive disorganization and introvertive anhedonia are consistently the most dominant of the schizotypy predictors. Introvertive anhedonia was the most dominant predictor for social loneliness and existential loneliness in relationships, and cognitive disorganization was the most dominant predictor of direct, emotional and existential meaninglessness in life loneliness. Depression became the most dominant predictor of all types of loneliness when added to the models.
Limitations
This research is limited by the cross-sectional nature of the data which is unable to account for changes in loneliness over time, and we acknowledge that the relationship between predictors and outcome is likely bi-directional.
Conclusions
Our findings highlight the diverse relationship between schizotypy and loneliness type and suggest that schizotypy domains linked to social anxiety and withdrawal are key predictors of loneliness. These findings are important for the development of focused interventions and the prevention of clinical disorder development.
背景本研究调查了精神分裂症的个体差异如何以不同方式预测孤独感的类型--直接孤独感、社交孤独感、情感孤独感和存在孤独感（人际关系孤独感和生活无意义孤独感）。方法我们向参与者提供了简易版牛津-利物浦感受与体验量表和 de Jong Giervald 孤独感量表，并使用优势分析评估了精神分裂症对孤独感的主导预测因素。我们还评估了抑郁症对每个模型的影响。结果在预先登记的分析中，我们发现有证据表明认知混乱和内向性失调一直是精神分裂症最主要的预测因素。内向性失乐症是社会孤独感和人际关系中存在孤独感的最主要预测因子，而认知混乱则是生活孤独感中直接、情感和存在无意义感的最主要预测因子。结论我们的研究结果凸显了精神分裂症与孤独类型之间的不同关系，并表明与社交焦虑和退缩相关的精神分裂症领域是孤独的主要预测因素。这些发现对于制定有针对性的干预措施和预防临床疾病的发展非常重要。
{"title":"A dominance analysis on the relationship between schizotypy and loneliness type","authors":"Jordan Randell , Debra Gray , Michelle Cleveland , Rachel Manning","doi":"10.1016/j.schres.2024.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.schres.2024.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This study investigated how individual differences in schizotypy differentially predicted types of loneliness – direct, social, emotional, and existential loneliness (in relationships and meaninglessness in life).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We presented participants with the brief version of the Oxford-Liverpool Inventory of Feelings and Experiences and the de Jong Giervald loneliness scale and used dominance analysis to evaluate the dominant predictors of schizotypy on loneliness. We also evaluated the impact of depression on each model.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In our preregistered analysis we found evidence to suggest that cognitive disorganization and introvertive anhedonia are consistently the most dominant of the schizotypy predictors. Introvertive anhedonia was the most dominant predictor for social loneliness and existential loneliness in relationships, and cognitive disorganization was the most dominant predictor of direct, emotional and existential meaninglessness in life loneliness. Depression became the most dominant predictor of all types of loneliness when added to the models.</div></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><div>This research is limited by the cross-sectional nature of the data which is unable to account for changes in loneliness over time, and we acknowledge that the relationship between predictors and outcome is likely bi-directional.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings highlight the diverse relationship between schizotypy and loneliness type and suggest that schizotypy domains linked to social anxiety and withdrawal are key predictors of loneliness. These findings are important for the development of focused interventions and the prevention of clinical disorder development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21417,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research","volume":"274 ","pages":"Pages 280-287"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142445395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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