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A Breif Overview on Vitis vinifera 葡萄品种简介
Pub Date : 2021-12-22 DOI: 10.36347/sajp.2021.v10i12.005
S. Parihar, D. Sharma
Vitis vinifera L. are a well-known grape species from western Asia and southern Europe that belong to the Vitis genus of the Vitaceae family. The grapevine's seeds and leaves are employed in herbal therapy, while the fruits are used as a food supplement. Wine production, which takes 50-75 percent of grapes, is the most significant application of grapes, followed by fresh fruits, dried fruits, and juice. Several varieties and species of vitis vinifera available in India, pharmacological and therapeutic research, phytochemistry of the Vitis vinifera (grape) and its active components are presented in this overview.
葡萄属(Vitis vinifera L.)是一种来自西亚和南欧的葡萄品种,属于葡萄科葡萄属。葡萄藤的种子和叶子被用于草药治疗,而葡萄藤的果实被用作食物补充剂。葡萄用量为50% ~ 75%的葡萄酒是葡萄最重要的用途,其次是新鲜水果、干果、果汁。本文介绍了印度葡萄的几个品种和种类,葡萄的药理和治疗研究,葡萄的植物化学及其有效成分。
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引用次数: 10
Hypoglycemic Effect of Antioxidant Astaxanthin from Vaname Shrimp Waste Extract Using Soybean Oil in Streptozotocin-Induced Mice (Mus Musculus) 用大豆油提取虾渣中抗氧化虾青素对链脲佐菌素诱导小鼠的降糖作用
Pub Date : 2021-12-22 DOI: 10.36347/sajp.2021.v10i12.004
A. Ky, Aniek Prasetyaningsih, V. C. Prakasita
Vaname shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) waste contains powerful biological compound called astaxanthin which has high antioxidant activity compared to other carotenoids pigment or α-tokopherol. In this study, the vaname shrimp waste were extracted using soybean oil and was used to treat streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. The astaxanthin of vaname shrimp waste extract was counted using spectrophotemer and the antioxidant activity was determined by using DPPH method. The astaxanthin concentration was found highest in pigmented oil phase with the amount of 209.616 ppm and the IC50 value of the pigmented oil phase was 122.744 ppm. Hypoglycemic effect was evaluated in streptozotocin-induced mice which were devided into 5 groups and received different oral treatment in each group (glibenclamide in dose 5 mg/bw, aquadest 0.2 ml and astaxanthin in dose of 10, 15 and 20 mg/bw). The blood glucose levels were examined every 2 days for 14 days. The treatment of astaxanthin from vaname shrimp waste with dose 20 mg/bw showed remarkable fall on blood glucose in streptozotosin-induced diabetic mice, while a slight fall can be seen in dose 10 and 15 mg/kg bw. Therefore, these result present that vaname shrimp waste extract contained high astaxanthin and had high antioxidant activity which can be effectively used to reduce blood glucose in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice.
与其他类胡萝卜素或α-生育酚相比,凡纳滨虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)的废物含有强大的生物化合物虾青素,具有较高的抗氧化活性。本研究以大豆油为原料提取虾渣,用于治疗链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病小鼠。采用分光光度法测定虾虾废提取物虾青素含量,DPPH法测定虾青素的抗氧化活性。虾青素在色素油相中含量最高,为209.616 ppm,色素油相中IC50值为122.744 ppm。将链脲佐菌素诱导的小鼠分为5组,每组给予不同剂量的口服治疗(格列苯脲5 mg/bw, aquadest 0.2 ml,虾青素10、15、20 mg/bw),观察其降血糖效果。每2天检测一次血糖水平,连续14天。以20 mg/kg bw剂量处理虾青素对链脲毒素诱导的糖尿病小鼠血糖有显著的降低作用,10和15 mg/kg bw剂量对血糖有轻微的降低作用。由此可见,虾虾废提取物含有较高的虾青素,具有较高的抗氧化活性,可有效降低链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病小鼠的血糖。
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引用次数: 0
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Acceptance toward Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccine 对2019冠状病毒病疫苗的认识、态度和接受程度
Pub Date : 2021-12-19 DOI: 10.36347/sajp.2021.v10i12.003
H. Hejaz, Raghad A Fallah, Rawand Al- Jabari, Duha Z Abdeen, Maha Jabari
Background: Several people are resistant or hesitant to take a Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine. Negative attitudes towards vaccines and the spread of misinformation about the ongoing pandemic can lead to vaccine take hesitancy and that could be a serious problem for managing the COVID-19. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the knowledge, acceptance, perception, and to evaluate the attitudes towards the prospective COVID-19 vaccines. Methods: The research study was carried out using a questionnaire that consisted of questions about the disease and on knowledge, acceptance, and perception of the COVID-19 vaccine. The data collected was analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26. Results: The overall acceptance rate of the participants to take the COVID-19 vaccine was 23% (n= 250 of 1085 who completed the questionnaire). Acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines in the study sample was affected by several factors such as age, gender, education level, income, health status, smoking, and the history of coronavirus infection. About 39.3% (n= 335) of the participants in the study think that COVID-19 was a man-made virus to achieve political goals or economic goals, while approximately half of them (n= 580, 53.4%) think that the COVID-19 vaccine is a purpose to inject microchips into people to control and monitor them. The main reasons for the people willing to get vaccinations were to eradicate the pandemic (31%) and fear for the relatives and friends from the disease (26.1%). While the reasons for refusing to take the vaccine were due to the side effects of the vaccine (29.2%), or for getting natural immunity (28.8%), and because they distrust vaccines (18.7%). Conclusions: The knowledge about vaccine COVID-19 was inadequate; the majority of the respondents were not willing to get vaccinated. High rates of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy are due to its side effects.
背景:一些人对接种2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)疫苗有抗药性或犹豫不决。对疫苗的消极态度和有关当前大流行的错误信息的传播可能导致疫苗接种犹豫不决,这可能成为管理COVID-19的一个严重问题。目的:本研究旨在了解新冠肺炎疫苗的知识、接受程度、认知情况,并评估其态度。方法:采用问卷调查的方式进行研究,问卷包括疾病和COVID-19疫苗的知识、接受和感知问题。收集的数据使用社会科学统计软件包(SPSS)第26版进行分析。结果:参与调查的1085人中,新冠肺炎疫苗接种总体接受率为23% (n= 250)。研究样本中COVID-19疫苗的接受程度受年龄、性别、教育程度、收入、健康状况、吸烟和冠状病毒感染史等因素的影响。约39.3% (n= 335)的研究参与者认为COVID-19是人为的病毒,以实现政治目标或经济目标,而约一半(n= 580, 53.4%)的人认为COVID-19疫苗的目的是将微芯片注射到人体内以控制和监测他们。人们愿意接种疫苗的主要原因是根除大流行(31%)和担心亲戚和朋友感染该疾病(26.1%)。而拒绝接种疫苗的理由依次是疫苗副作用(29.2%)、自然免疫(28.8%)、不信任疫苗(18.7%)等。结论:新冠肺炎疫苗知识不足;大多数受访者不愿意接种疫苗。COVID-19疫苗犹豫率高是由于其副作用。
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引用次数: 0
An Analysis of the Drug Distribution Model in the Public Health Services in Tamil Nadu 泰米尔纳德邦公共卫生服务机构药品分配模式分析
Pub Date : 2021-12-13 DOI: 10.36347/sajp.2021.v10i12.002
A. Manimegalai
Based on the field work in Tamil Nadu, this article analyses the procurement and dissemination functioning of the Tamil Nadu Medical Services Corporation (TNMSC), including the problems faced by different stakeholders’ viz. doctors, patients and pharmaceutical companies and also the stakeholders outside Tamil Nadu. The Tamil Nadu model of procurement and distribution of medicines under TNMSC is acclaimed as a successful model for its centralized-swift actions. However there were some inconsistencies hampering TNMSC to remain a model as there were the no availability of drugs as per approved essential drugs list, shortage and incomplete availability of drugs, and a shift from centralized procurement to local purchase arrangement of some drugs across Tamil Nadu. It also observed not only the quantity, quality and number of drugs procured and distributed, not matching with the health need of patients, but also the doses are not effective. In order to do that there is a need to revamp its centralized procurement pattern and dissemination of drugs to various public health systems in Tamil Nadu. By doing this, it can avoid the high-cost private medicines being promoted even by government doctors, and truly make the public health system successful and a top model in this country.
本文基于在泰米尔纳德邦的实地工作,分析了泰米尔纳德邦医疗服务公司(TNMSC)的采购和传播功能,包括不同利益相关者(医生、患者和制药公司)以及泰米尔纳德邦以外的利益相关者所面临的问题。泰米尔纳德邦在TNMSC下采购和分发药品的模式被称赞为其集中迅速行动的成功模式。然而,由于没有按照批准的基本药物清单提供药物,药物短缺和不完全可用,以及泰米尔纳德邦一些药物从集中采购转向当地采购安排,一些不一致的情况阻碍了TNMSC继续成为一个模式。它还观察到,不仅采购和分发的药品的数量、质量和数量不符合患者的健康需要,而且剂量也不有效。为了做到这一点,有必要改革其集中采购模式,并向泰米尔纳德邦的各种公共卫生系统分发药物。通过这样做,可以避免高成本的私人药品甚至由政府医生推广,真正使公共卫生系统成功并成为这个国家的顶级模式。
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引用次数: 0
Predictors of Health-Related Quality of Life in Sarcopenic Patients: Result from BCAAS Study 肌少症患者健康相关生活质量的预测因素:来自BCAAS研究的结果
Pub Date : 2021-12-10 DOI: 10.36347/sajp.2021.v10i12.001
D. Nathiya, Supriya Suman, Preeti Raj, N. Pal, A. Sharma, R. Rai, Arjav Jain
Background: Liver cirrhosis is a major burden that includes marked metabolic dysfunction and sarcopenia which may influence patients’ HRQoL. The main aim of the study was to analyse the mental, physical, and social well-being in sarcopenic population with liver cirrhosis (LC) using Chronic Liver Disease Questionnaire (CLDQ). Methods: The six domains of CLDQ were applied in a cross-sectional study during the 18 months of research in Rajasthan, India. Severity of the liver disease was determined through CTP and MELD. For the physical evaluation of sarcopenia, participants had undergone TAMA, hand grip strength, and gait speed test. For the statistical analysis, mean, SD, median, interquartile range, and multi logistic regression was used for final analysis. The total sample size was 138 patients. Result: The mean age of participants was 47.42±13.47 years, alcohol induced cirrhosis was the major factor contributing LC. CLDQ showed association with CTP, Meld Na, Ascites and Sarcopenia. CTP and MELD Na had an inverse effect with all domains of CLDQ and it showed a direct association with TAMA, hand grip strength and gait speed test. Conclusion: LC sarcopenic patients do worst in the domains of CLDQ that impair the health-related quality of life, as evidenced by CTP and MELD scores.
背景:肝硬化是一个主要的负担,包括显著的代谢功能障碍和肌肉减少,这可能会影响患者的HRQoL。本研究的主要目的是使用慢性肝病问卷(CLDQ)分析肝硬化(LC)肌肉减少人群的精神、身体和社会健康状况。方法:在印度拉贾斯坦邦18个月的研究期间,将CLDQ的六个领域应用于横断面研究。通过CTP和MELD确定肝脏疾病的严重程度。对于肌肉减少症的物理评估,参与者进行了TAMA,手握力和步态速度测试。统计分析采用均数、标准差、中位数、四分位差和多元逻辑回归进行最终分析。总样本量为138例。结果:参与者平均年龄为47.42±13.47岁,酒精性肝硬化是导致LC的主要因素。CLDQ与CTP、Meld Na、腹水和肌肉减少有关。CTP和MELD Na与CLDQ各域呈负相关,并与TAMA、手握力和步速测试呈直接相关。结论:CTP和MELD评分证明,LC肌少症患者在损害健康相关生活质量的CLDQ领域表现最差。
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引用次数: 0
Sleep – A Rare Gift: A Detail Review Study on Insomnia 睡眠-一份罕见的礼物:失眠的详细回顾研究
Pub Date : 2021-11-08 DOI: 10.36347/sajp.2021.v10i11.003
Pravallika Boodidha, Bammidi Tushara, Mamidi Sireesha, Vana Swathi Priya, Lakhinana Krishna Priya
Insomnia disorder is a long-term sickness in which a person has trouble sleeping. Every person has trouble sleeping every once in a while. But for people with insomnia disorder, sleep problems happen at least 3 nights each week for at least 3 stretch. Insomnia disorder can affect daily life. It can affect job and personal relationships. Insomnia disorder may also increase risk for heart disease. There are many things that trigger insomnia like stress, anxiety, alcohol, tobacco, looking at bright screens, working shifts and too much of caffeine. Once these tricks go away, the insomnia may continue and head to insomnia disorder. This may happen because of habits formed because of insomnia (such as napping, getting in bed before being sleepy, and lying-in bed awake for long periods of time). Insomnia disorder can also sometimes appear on its own with no known cause.
失眠是一种长期的疾病,患者无法入睡。每个人偶尔都会有睡眠问题。但对于患有失眠症的人来说,睡眠问题每周至少发生3个晚上,至少持续3次。失眠会影响日常生活。它会影响工作和人际关系。失眠也可能增加患心脏病的风险。引发失眠的原因有很多,比如压力、焦虑、酒精、烟草、盯着明亮的屏幕、轮班工作和摄入过多的咖啡因。一旦这些技巧消失,失眠可能会继续,并走向失眠障碍。这可能是由于失眠而形成的习惯(比如打盹,在犯困之前就上床,长时间躺在床上醒着)。失眠有时也会莫名其妙地自行出现。
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引用次数: 0
Anterior Olecranon Fracture Dislocation of the Elbow in a Child 儿童肘关节前鹰嘴骨折脱位
Pub Date : 2021-11-06 DOI: 10.36347/sajp.2021.v10i11.002
M. Hadir, A. Skiredj, A. Mouad, H. Zerhouni, H. Oubejja, M. Erraji, F. Ettayebi
Anterior Tran’s olecranon dislocation of the elbow is rarely observed in children due to the relative resistance of the capsule-ligament structures by relation to bone structures. Reporting a case that occurred in a 2-year-old child, treated orthopedically with good results.
由于囊膜-韧带结构与骨结构的相对阻力,儿童肘关节的前Tran鹰嘴脱位很少观察到。报告一例发生在2岁儿童,矫形治疗效果良好。
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引用次数: 0
Cynodondactylon: A Review of Pharmacological Activities 犬齿龙:药理活性综述
Pub Date : 2021-11-04 DOI: 10.36347/sajp.2021.v10i11.001
S. Parihar, D. Sharma
The annual weedy grass Cynodondactylon (L.) Pers. Belonging to the family Poaceae is one of the tenth fortunate plants in ayurveda’s ‘Dasapushpam’ and ‘Navgaraha’ groups. Cynodondactylon (L.) Pers. has a wide range of therapeutic uses. The species is a natural resource because it grows as a weed. An overview on Cynodondactylon (L.) Pers. is undertaken with the goal of providing all the relevant information regarding this grass. The review includes botanical classification, various other species of this grass, chemical classification, pharmacological activities, various dosage forms, ethnobotanical uses, patent registered, vernacular names around the world, cultivators around the world, macroscopy, microscopy of the grass.
一年生杂草Cynodondactylon (L.)珀耳斯。属于Poaceae家族是阿育吠陀的“Dasapushpam”和“Navgaraha”组中的第十幸运植物之一。Cynodondactylon (l)珀耳斯。具有广泛的治疗用途。该物种是一种自然资源,因为它以杂草的形式生长。食齿突龙(Cynodondactylon)概述珀耳斯。的目的是提供有关这种草的所有相关信息。综述了该草的植物学分类、其他各种种类、化学分类、药理活性、各种剂型、民族植物学用途、专利注册、世界各地的方言名称、世界各地的栽培者、宏观观察、显微观察。
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引用次数: 9
Urachus Pathology: Infected Urachal Cyst 尿管病理:感染性尿管囊肿
Pub Date : 2021-10-30 DOI: 10.36347/sajp.2021.v10i10.004
S. Faiz, S. Tadsaoui, R. Roukhsi, A. Mouhsine, E. Atmane
The urachus is a fibrous residue of the allantois that disappears after birth. In some cases, it may persist, which is called urachus abnormalities. This persistence of the urachus is manifested by abdominal pain and can be signalled by complications, of which infection is the most common complication. Infection can be misunderstood and confused with other pathologies, especially when associated with abdominal pain. In our case, we report an observation of an infected urachal cyst, revealed by febrile abdominal pain and swelling.
尿囊是尿囊的纤维残留物,在出生后消失。在某些情况下,它可能会持续存在,这被称为urachus异常。尿管的持续存在表现为腹痛,并可通过并发症表现出来,其中感染是最常见的并发症。感染可能被误解,并与其他病理相混淆,特别是当与腹痛相关时。在我们的病例中,我们报告了一个受感染的尿管囊肿的观察,表现为发热性腹痛和肿胀。
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引用次数: 0
Osteochondroma of the Pubic Symphysis: Unusual Location 耻骨联合骨软骨瘤:异常部位
Pub Date : 2021-10-30 DOI: 10.36347/sajp.2021.v10i10.003
S. Faiz, S. Tadsaoui, R. Roukhsi, A. Mouhsin, E. Athman
We report the case of a left pubic osteochondroma in a 55-year-old man, without any particular pathological history, which revealed itself as a painful left laterotesticular induration. This induration increased in volume and bothered the patient during daily activities. The CT scan was in favor of a left pedunculated pubic osteochondroma pushing back the spermatic cord. Surgical resection of the tumor confirmed the diagnosis of an osteochondroma.
我们报告一例55岁男性左侧耻骨软骨瘤,无任何特殊病理史,表现为左侧睾丸外侧硬化。这种硬结的体积增加,并在日常活动中困扰患者。CT扫描显示左侧带蒂耻骨软骨瘤向后推精索。手术切除肿瘤确诊为骨软骨瘤。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Scholars Academic Journal of Pharmacy
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