Pub Date : 2023-07-04DOI: 10.36347/sajp.2023.v12i07.003
M. H. Chowdhury, Jay Kumar Prasad, Dakme Papi
Introduction: Addiction is a condition characterized by a strong desire to continue using a drug to which one has become addicted due to overconsumption because it produces a specific effect, most commonly a change in mental status. A strong desire to obtain the drug, a tendency to increase the dose, a mental or physical dependence, and negative consequences for the individual and society. In today's world, adolescent alcoholism and drug abuse are extremely serious problems. In our country, underage drinking is a major public health concern. Alcohol is the most commonly abused substance among today's youth, and adolescent drinking poses serious health and safety risks. Research Methodology: a. Research Design: Descriptive cum Normative survey method has been adopted for this research. b. Method of the Study: Retro prospective method of research where attempt has been made to study the Drug and Alcohol Attitude of higher secondary school students of Papum Pare of Arunachal Pradesh. Results and Discussion: The Drug and Alcohol attitude Mean Score of 300 school students of Papum Pare District was found to be 75.07. The mention mean score (75.07) comes under moderate and it is interpreted as ‘Average Drug and Alcohol’ level. Hence it shows that School students of Papum Pare district possess average Drug and Alcohol Attitude. The calculated t-value (-4.30) of Male and Female which is less than critical value (1.97) at 0.05 level of significance with Degree of Freedom (2.98). Therefore, the null hypothesis “there is no significant difference between Drug and Alcohol attitude of Male and Female School students of Papum Pare District of Arunachal Pradesh” is accepted. the calculated t-value (-1.61) of APST and NON-APST higher secondary school students is less than critical value (1.97) at 0.05 level of significance with Degree of Freedom 298. Therefore, the null hypothesis “there is no significant difference between Drug and Alcohol attitude of APST and NON-APST higher ....
{"title":"A Study on the Attitude of Higher Secondary School Students Towards Drug and Alcohol in Papum Pare District of Arunachal Pradesh","authors":"M. H. Chowdhury, Jay Kumar Prasad, Dakme Papi","doi":"10.36347/sajp.2023.v12i07.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36347/sajp.2023.v12i07.003","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Addiction is a condition characterized by a strong desire to continue using a drug to which one has become addicted due to overconsumption because it produces a specific effect, most commonly a change in mental status. A strong desire to obtain the drug, a tendency to increase the dose, a mental or physical dependence, and negative consequences for the individual and society. In today's world, adolescent alcoholism and drug abuse are extremely serious problems. In our country, underage drinking is a major public health concern. Alcohol is the most commonly abused substance among today's youth, and adolescent drinking poses serious health and safety risks. Research Methodology: a. Research Design: Descriptive cum Normative survey method has been adopted for this research. b. Method of the Study: Retro prospective method of research where attempt has been made to study the Drug and Alcohol Attitude of higher secondary school students of Papum Pare of Arunachal Pradesh. Results and Discussion: The Drug and Alcohol attitude Mean Score of 300 school students of Papum Pare District was found to be 75.07. The mention mean score (75.07) comes under moderate and it is interpreted as ‘Average Drug and Alcohol’ level. Hence it shows that School students of Papum Pare district possess average Drug and Alcohol Attitude. The calculated t-value (-4.30) of Male and Female which is less than critical value (1.97) at 0.05 level of significance with Degree of Freedom (2.98). Therefore, the null hypothesis “there is no significant difference between Drug and Alcohol attitude of Male and Female School students of Papum Pare District of Arunachal Pradesh” is accepted. the calculated t-value (-1.61) of APST and NON-APST higher secondary school students is less than critical value (1.97) at 0.05 level of significance with Degree of Freedom 298. Therefore, the null hypothesis “there is no significant difference between Drug and Alcohol attitude of APST and NON-APST higher ....","PeriodicalId":21439,"journal":{"name":"Scholars Academic Journal of Pharmacy","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87724611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-04DOI: 10.36347/sajp.2023.v12i07.002
Soujanya Chaganti, S. Vangala, Swathi Naraparaju, Panikumar D Anumolu, Karuna Devi Barla
Objectives: Study was aimed to establish and vindicate a simple, accurate and precise spectrophotometric method for the quantification of oseltamivir in API and capsule dosage form. Materials and Methods: The green coloured chromogen complex absorbance which was formed by the oxidative coupling with loss of two electrons and a proton of oseltamivir with MBTH in presence of FeCl3 was measured at 640nm. The amount of oseltamivir labelled in the marketed formulation (Fluvir) was determined without any interference owed with excipients. Results: A correlation coefficient of 0.999 was observed within the concentration range of 10-110μg/mL. The method was aided by various validation parameters such as LOD, LOQ and percentage relative standard deviation values (3.75 μg/mL, 9.86 μg/mL and 0.999 respectively). The percentage assay in capsule dosage form was found to be 97.6, which in conformance with ICH guidelines. Conclusion: Results were found to be within the permissible limits. Present method was verified statistically in consonance with ICH Q2R (1) guidelines. Based on above remarks, developed method may be successfully employed in regular analysis of oseltamivir in various pharmaceutical dosage forms.
目的:建立一种简便、准确、精确的分光光度法定量测定原料药和胶囊剂型中奥司他韦的含量。材料与方法:在640nm处测定了奥司他韦与MBTH在FeCl3存在下氧化偶联失去两个电子和一个质子形成的绿色显色复合物吸光度。在没有任何辅料干扰的情况下，确定了奥司他韦在上市制剂(氟韦)中标记的量。结果:在10 ~ 110μg/mL浓度范围内，相关系数为0.999。定量限(LOD)、定量限(LOQ)、相对标准偏差(percentage relative standard deviation)分别为3.75、9.86、0.999。胶囊剂型的百分率测定为97.6，符合ICH指南。结论:检测结果在允许范围内。本方法经统计学验证符合ICH Q2R(1)指南。基于上述说明，所开发的方法可成功地用于各种药物剂型奥司他韦的常规分析。
{"title":"Spectrophotometric Method for Determination of Oseltamivir in Capsule Dosage Form","authors":"Soujanya Chaganti, S. Vangala, Swathi Naraparaju, Panikumar D Anumolu, Karuna Devi Barla","doi":"10.36347/sajp.2023.v12i07.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36347/sajp.2023.v12i07.002","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Study was aimed to establish and vindicate a simple, accurate and precise spectrophotometric method for the quantification of oseltamivir in API and capsule dosage form. Materials and Methods: The green coloured chromogen complex absorbance which was formed by the oxidative coupling with loss of two electrons and a proton of oseltamivir with MBTH in presence of FeCl3 was measured at 640nm. The amount of oseltamivir labelled in the marketed formulation (Fluvir) was determined without any interference owed with excipients. Results: A correlation coefficient of 0.999 was observed within the concentration range of 10-110μg/mL. The method was aided by various validation parameters such as LOD, LOQ and percentage relative standard deviation values (3.75 μg/mL, 9.86 μg/mL and 0.999 respectively). The percentage assay in capsule dosage form was found to be 97.6, which in conformance with ICH guidelines. Conclusion: Results were found to be within the permissible limits. Present method was verified statistically in consonance with ICH Q2R (1) guidelines. Based on above remarks, developed method may be successfully employed in regular analysis of oseltamivir in various pharmaceutical dosage forms.","PeriodicalId":21439,"journal":{"name":"Scholars Academic Journal of Pharmacy","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75365014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-03DOI: 10.36347/sajp.2023.v12i07.001
Hujaifa Sultana, Abhinab Chetia, Abhigyan Saikia, Nekibul Jaman Khan
Plant extracts have long been used for their medicinal qualities and as sources of bioactive chemicals. In recent years, there has been a surge in interest in investigating the possibilities of plant extracts in a variety of disciplines, including medicine, cosmetics, and food. This abstract presents an up-to-date assessment of methods for extracting, isolating, and identifying bioactive chemicals from plant extracts, highlighting advances and problems in this field. The first stage in acquiring bioactive chemicals from plant sources is extraction. Maceration, infusion, decoction, solvent extraction, supercritical fluid extraction, and microwave-assisted extraction are among the extraction procedures used. These approaches strive to extract the target molecules as efficiently as possible while keeping their chemical integrity and bioactivity.
{"title":"An Updated Review on Extraction, Isolation, and Identification of Bioactive Compounds from Plant Extracts","authors":"Hujaifa Sultana, Abhinab Chetia, Abhigyan Saikia, Nekibul Jaman Khan","doi":"10.36347/sajp.2023.v12i07.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36347/sajp.2023.v12i07.001","url":null,"abstract":"Plant extracts have long been used for their medicinal qualities and as sources of bioactive chemicals. In recent years, there has been a surge in interest in investigating the possibilities of plant extracts in a variety of disciplines, including medicine, cosmetics, and food. This abstract presents an up-to-date assessment of methods for extracting, isolating, and identifying bioactive chemicals from plant extracts, highlighting advances and problems in this field. The first stage in acquiring bioactive chemicals from plant sources is extraction. Maceration, infusion, decoction, solvent extraction, supercritical fluid extraction, and microwave-assisted extraction are among the extraction procedures used. These approaches strive to extract the target molecules as efficiently as possible while keeping their chemical integrity and bioactivity.","PeriodicalId":21439,"journal":{"name":"Scholars Academic Journal of Pharmacy","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80618777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-26DOI: 10.36347/sajp.2023.v12i06.005
Emeagha Emeagha, Tina Oluchi, C. Odira
The study's objective was to evaluate self-medication habits and side effects among employees at the Federal Medical Centre in Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria. To direct the study, six objectives, six research questions, and four research hypotheses were developed. The study used a cross-sectional research design. Four (4) departments and respondents were chosen utilising a multi-stage sample technique and simple random technique. 436 workers in all were chosen for the study. A self-created questionnaire served as the data collection tool. The test-retest approach was used to establish the instrument's reliability and the spearman rank order correlation coefficient produced a positive result of 0.8. Utilising frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviations, the data was sorted, examined, and summarised. The chi-square, T-test, and ANOVA were used to evaluate the hypotheses at the 0.05 level of significance. The findings indicated that 73% of Federal Medical Centre Owerri employees self-medicated, with problems being the most common (x = 2.87; SD =.765). A greater 94.3% of workers in the 50–59 age group reported using self-medication. Self-medication is more common among female workers than male workers (78.9% versus 69.8%). Workers between the ages of 40 and 49 report more self-medication difficulties (x = 3.02; SD = 1.2). Self-medication issues are worse for female workers than for male workers (x = 2.92; SD =.765). Based on age (x2=11.976, df = 6, p-value =.73) and gender (x2=1.674, df = 1, p-value =.196), there were no appreciable differences in the self-medication practises among employees at the Federal Medical Centre in Owerri, Imo State. The only factor that significantly differed in the problems of self-medication among employees at the Federal Medical Centre in Owerri, Imo State, was age (F(6, 413) = 2.996, p =.000). To keep staff members informed and reeducated about the risks of self-medication, regular workshops and seminars should be organised.
{"title":"Self- Medication Practices and Complications among Workers in Federal Medical Center, Owerri, Imostate, Nigeria","authors":"Emeagha Emeagha, Tina Oluchi, C. Odira","doi":"10.36347/sajp.2023.v12i06.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36347/sajp.2023.v12i06.005","url":null,"abstract":"The study's objective was to evaluate self-medication habits and side effects among employees at the Federal Medical Centre in Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria. To direct the study, six objectives, six research questions, and four research hypotheses were developed. The study used a cross-sectional research design. Four (4) departments and respondents were chosen utilising a multi-stage sample technique and simple random technique. 436 workers in all were chosen for the study. A self-created questionnaire served as the data collection tool. The test-retest approach was used to establish the instrument's reliability and the spearman rank order correlation coefficient produced a positive result of 0.8. Utilising frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviations, the data was sorted, examined, and summarised. The chi-square, T-test, and ANOVA were used to evaluate the hypotheses at the 0.05 level of significance. The findings indicated that 73% of Federal Medical Centre Owerri employees self-medicated, with problems being the most common (x = 2.87; SD =.765). A greater 94.3% of workers in the 50–59 age group reported using self-medication. Self-medication is more common among female workers than male workers (78.9% versus 69.8%). Workers between the ages of 40 and 49 report more self-medication difficulties (x = 3.02; SD = 1.2). Self-medication issues are worse for female workers than for male workers (x = 2.92; SD =.765). Based on age (x2=11.976, df = 6, p-value =.73) and gender (x2=1.674, df = 1, p-value =.196), there were no appreciable differences in the self-medication practises among employees at the Federal Medical Centre in Owerri, Imo State. The only factor that significantly differed in the problems of self-medication among employees at the Federal Medical Centre in Owerri, Imo State, was age (F(6, 413) = 2.996, p =.000). To keep staff members informed and reeducated about the risks of self-medication, regular workshops and seminars should be organised.","PeriodicalId":21439,"journal":{"name":"Scholars Academic Journal of Pharmacy","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78147319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-23DOI: 10.36347/sajp.2023.v12i06.004
Ali Wasef Alkhatib
The preset study was conducted to review updates of the literature regarding clinical problems related to pediatric ophthalmology including amblyopia (lazy Eye), strabismus, and pediatric eye examinations. The field of pediatric ophthalmology is responsible for the discovery and treatment of vision abnormalities in children, both of which are extremely important obligations that fall under its purview. This subspecialty of pediatrics focuses on the treatment of ocular disorders in children. Both amblyopia and strabismus are prevalent disorders that, if left untreated, can have long- term negative repercussions on a person's vision. Amblyopia is more common than strabismus. The condition known as amblyopia is defined by a lack of eye movement, whereas strabismus is characterized by eyes that are turned inward. It is only via the delivery of routine eye examinations to juvenile patients that it is possible to detect these diseases as well as other abnormalities of the eye at an early stage. This not only paves the way for fast treatment but also provides the best visual outcomes that are achievable. Eye exams should be a priority for both parents and healthcare providers so that children can reach their full potential in terms of their visual development. This will allow children to attain their full potential as adults. Because of this, the child's eyes will be able to grow and develop to their full potential.
{"title":"Pediatric Ophthalmology: Amblyopia (Lazy Eye), Strabismus, and Pediatric Eye Examinations","authors":"Ali Wasef Alkhatib","doi":"10.36347/sajp.2023.v12i06.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36347/sajp.2023.v12i06.004","url":null,"abstract":"The preset study was conducted to review updates of the literature regarding clinical problems related to pediatric ophthalmology including amblyopia (lazy Eye), strabismus, and pediatric eye examinations. The field of pediatric ophthalmology is responsible for the discovery and treatment of vision abnormalities in children, both of which are extremely important obligations that fall under its purview. This subspecialty of pediatrics focuses on the treatment of ocular disorders in children. Both amblyopia and strabismus are prevalent disorders that, if left untreated, can have long- term negative repercussions on a person's vision. Amblyopia is more common than strabismus. The condition known as amblyopia is defined by a lack of eye movement, whereas strabismus is characterized by eyes that are turned inward. It is only via the delivery of routine eye examinations to juvenile patients that it is possible to detect these diseases as well as other abnormalities of the eye at an early stage. This not only paves the way for fast treatment but also provides the best visual outcomes that are achievable. Eye exams should be a priority for both parents and healthcare providers so that children can reach their full potential in terms of their visual development. This will allow children to attain their full potential as adults. Because of this, the child's eyes will be able to grow and develop to their full potential.","PeriodicalId":21439,"journal":{"name":"Scholars Academic Journal of Pharmacy","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89566905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-19DOI: 10.36347/sajp.2023.v12i06.003
S. Panicker, Ms. Nikita Jadhav, Ms. Bhagyashri M. Gorhe
The cost of the proteolytic enzymes and their inability to remove “fine” hairs from the animal hide has been the main obstacles to the commercialization of an enzymatic dehairing procedure. Endophytic microbes that grow inside various plant tissues without causing tissue damage in the host plant are the important sources of bioactive compounds. They are rich in secondary metabolites and known to produce wide range of enzymes. Several endophytes showing different properties have been reported from Annona leaves and hence this study was performed to isolate endophytes having proteolytic properties. Endophytes from custard apple leaves were isolated and screened for proteolytic activity on casein agar plates. The protease enzyme activity of the promising isolates was determined using casein substrate and tyrosine release assay. Present study conducted on the bacterial endophytes from the Custard apple leaves showed that the plant-associated bacterial endophytes are a good reservoir of proteases. Two promising isolates were obtained on the casein agar plates. These two isolates C and D possessed 113U/ml and 102 U/ml enzyme activity respectively. The isolate C showed more dehairing capacity than isolate D. Purified forms of these enzymes can prove to be potential candidates in biotechnological applications.
{"title":"Endophytes Producing Proteases from Custard Apple (Annona squamosa L.) Leaves","authors":"S. Panicker, Ms. Nikita Jadhav, Ms. Bhagyashri M. Gorhe","doi":"10.36347/sajp.2023.v12i06.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36347/sajp.2023.v12i06.003","url":null,"abstract":"The cost of the proteolytic enzymes and their inability to remove “fine” hairs from the animal hide has been the main obstacles to the commercialization of an enzymatic dehairing procedure. Endophytic microbes that grow inside various plant tissues without causing tissue damage in the host plant are the important sources of bioactive compounds. They are rich in secondary metabolites and known to produce wide range of enzymes. Several endophytes showing different properties have been reported from Annona leaves and hence this study was performed to isolate endophytes having proteolytic properties. Endophytes from custard apple leaves were isolated and screened for proteolytic activity on casein agar plates. The protease enzyme activity of the promising isolates was determined using casein substrate and tyrosine release assay. Present study conducted on the bacterial endophytes from the Custard apple leaves showed that the plant-associated bacterial endophytes are a good reservoir of proteases. Two promising isolates were obtained on the casein agar plates. These two isolates C and D possessed 113U/ml and 102 U/ml enzyme activity respectively. The isolate C showed more dehairing capacity than isolate D. Purified forms of these enzymes can prove to be potential candidates in biotechnological applications.","PeriodicalId":21439,"journal":{"name":"Scholars Academic Journal of Pharmacy","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76011833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-07DOI: 10.36347/sajp.2023.v12i06.002
Deepthi Silymon, A. Chehal, Ashraf Alakkad, Aisha Mohamed Al Salami
Background: BRCA1 (Beast Cancer gene 1) and BRCA2 (Breast Cancer gene 2) are genes that produce proteins that help repair damaged DNA. Mutations in these genes predispose the person to a substantiable risk of developing breast and ovarian cancers among others. Approximately 10 to 15% of all cases of epithelial ovarian cancer and les than 10 % of Breast cancers are caused by a mutation in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes, which when occurs together results in hereditary breast ovarian cancer syndrome. Case Presentation: This case report presents the clinical course of a 57-year-old female patient who presented with a mass in her right breast in June 2022. The patient’s past medical history is significant with a diagnosis of triple-negative non-metastatic left breast cancer that was treated with surgery followed by adjuvant chemotherapy containing Doxorubicin and Taxanes with loco-regional radiotherapy in May 2009. On June 2022 (later after 13 years) patient noticed a Rt breast mass and was evaluated further. A mammography showed an ill-defined micro lobulated lesion 4 cm from the nipple, measuring 43 x 27 mm with a few microcalcifications. Later, an ultrasound right breast confirmed the presence of an ill-defined lesion in her right breast with no significant axillary nodes, True-cut biopsy performed on October 26th, 2022 revealed invasive triple negative ductal carcinoma. Staging work up with Positron Emission tomography and computerized tomography scan showed in addition to the right breast mass, an ovarian mass with peritoneal deposits. This prompted a peritoneal biopsy which confirmed a high grade primary serous carcinoma of ovary. Additionally, BRCA1/2 germline testing showed a positive BRCA1 germline mutation. Following this, the patient was started on neoadjuvant keynote 522 protocol specifically with Epirubicin, Cyclophosphamide, Paclitaxel carboplatin with pembrolizumab. As of the date of reporting she has completed CARBOPLATIN-TAXOL and is now on the third ........
背景:BRCA1(野兽癌基因1)和BRCA2(乳腺癌基因2)是产生有助于修复受损DNA的蛋白质的基因。这些基因的突变使人更易患乳腺癌和卵巢癌等癌症。大约10%到15%的上皮性卵巢癌病例和不到10%的乳腺癌病例是由BRCA1或BRCA2基因突变引起的，当这两种基因同时发生时，会导致遗传性乳腺癌综合征。病例报告:本病例报告了一位57岁女性患者的临床过程，她于2022年6月在右乳房出现肿块。患者的既往病史很重要，诊断为三阴性非转移性左乳腺癌，于2009年5月接受手术治疗，随后接受含阿霉素和紫杉烷的辅助化疗，并进行局部区域放疗。2022年6月(13年后)，患者发现Rt乳房肿块，并进行了进一步评估。乳房x光检查显示距乳头4cm处有一模糊的微分叶状病变，尺寸为43 x 27 mm，伴有少量微钙化。随后，右乳超声检查证实右乳存在一不明确的病变，未见明显腋窝淋巴结，2022年10月26日进行真切活检显示浸润性三阴性导管癌。分期工作与正电子发射断层扫描和计算机断层扫描显示，除了右乳房肿块，卵巢肿块伴腹膜沉积物。这促使腹膜活检证实了高级别原发性卵巢浆液性癌。此外，BRCA1/2种系检测显示BRCA1种系突变阳性。在此之后，患者开始新辅助基调522方案，特别是表柔比星，环磷酰胺，紫杉醇卡铂和派姆单抗。截至报告日期，她已完成CARBOPLATIN-TAXOL治疗，目前正在进行第三次........治疗
{"title":"Germline BRCA 1 Positive Breast Ovarian Cancer Syndrome","authors":"Deepthi Silymon, A. Chehal, Ashraf Alakkad, Aisha Mohamed Al Salami","doi":"10.36347/sajp.2023.v12i06.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36347/sajp.2023.v12i06.002","url":null,"abstract":"Background: BRCA1 (Beast Cancer gene 1) and BRCA2 (Breast Cancer gene 2) are genes that produce proteins that help repair damaged DNA. Mutations in these genes predispose the person to a substantiable risk of developing breast and ovarian cancers among others. Approximately 10 to 15% of all cases of epithelial ovarian cancer and les than 10 % of Breast cancers are caused by a mutation in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes, which when occurs together results in hereditary breast ovarian cancer syndrome. Case Presentation: This case report presents the clinical course of a 57-year-old female patient who presented with a mass in her right breast in June 2022. The patient’s past medical history is significant with a diagnosis of triple-negative non-metastatic left breast cancer that was treated with surgery followed by adjuvant chemotherapy containing Doxorubicin and Taxanes with loco-regional radiotherapy in May 2009. On June 2022 (later after 13 years) patient noticed a Rt breast mass and was evaluated further. A mammography showed an ill-defined micro lobulated lesion 4 cm from the nipple, measuring 43 x 27 mm with a few microcalcifications. Later, an ultrasound right breast confirmed the presence of an ill-defined lesion in her right breast with no significant axillary nodes, True-cut biopsy performed on October 26th, 2022 revealed invasive triple negative ductal carcinoma. Staging work up with Positron Emission tomography and computerized tomography scan showed in addition to the right breast mass, an ovarian mass with peritoneal deposits. This prompted a peritoneal biopsy which confirmed a high grade primary serous carcinoma of ovary. Additionally, BRCA1/2 germline testing showed a positive BRCA1 germline mutation. Following this, the patient was started on neoadjuvant keynote 522 protocol specifically with Epirubicin, Cyclophosphamide, Paclitaxel carboplatin with pembrolizumab. As of the date of reporting she has completed CARBOPLATIN-TAXOL and is now on the third ........","PeriodicalId":21439,"journal":{"name":"Scholars Academic Journal of Pharmacy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83043034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-07DOI: 10.36347/sajp.2023.v12i06.001
Wafa’ Mohamad AbuRoman, Ghada Fawzi Hardan, Hadeel Aref Elmomani, Afnan Adnan Almomani, Majedah Mustafa Jaradat, B. Abweny
Background: Numerous comorbidities, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular (CV) disease are all made more likely by obesity. A higher mortality rate in the general population is strongly correlated with a high body mass index (BMI). In patients who are at high risk of experiencing an atherosclerotic CV event, the use of statins lowers mortality and recurrent adverse cardiac events across a broad range of cholesterol levels. Therefore, statin therapy is advised for secondary prevention in all high-risk patients, including those with obesity. Objectives: There is evidence to support the primary prevention of coronary artery disease, morbidity, and mortality using statins for lipid modifications. The purpose of this study is to ascertain the immediate impact of atorvastatin on the lipid profile in obese Jordanian patients. Methods: According to NCEP ATP III criteria, 200 overweight and obese patients with hypercholesterolemia were included. They received treatment for 2 months after being randomly divided into 3 groups based on the dosage of atorvastatin: 10, 20, and 40 mg/day. Results: With all atorvastatin doses, there was a significant desirable increase in high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and significant reduction in total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL), and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL). Conclusion: In dyslipidemic obese patients, short-term atorvastatin therapy resulted in lower levels of TC, TG, LDL, and VLDL as well as a desirable increase in HDL.
背景:许多合并症，如2型糖尿病、高血压、血脂异常和心血管(CV)疾病都更容易由肥胖引起。一般人群中较高的死亡率与较高的身体质量指数(BMI)密切相关。在经历动脉粥样硬化性心血管事件的高风险患者中，在广泛的胆固醇水平范围内，他汀类药物的使用可降低死亡率和复发性不良心脏事件。因此，建议他汀类药物治疗用于所有高危患者的二级预防，包括肥胖患者。目的:有证据支持使用他汀类药物进行脂质修饰对冠状动脉疾病、发病率和死亡率的一级预防。本研究的目的是确定阿托伐他汀对约旦肥胖患者血脂的直接影响。方法:根据NCEP ATP III标准，纳入200例超重、肥胖合并高胆固醇血症患者。根据阿托伐他汀剂量10、20、40 mg/d随机分为3组，治疗2个月。结果:在所有阿托伐他汀剂量下，高密度脂蛋白(HDL)显著增加，总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)和极低密度脂蛋白(VLDL)显著降低。结论:在血脂异常的肥胖患者中，短期阿托伐他汀治疗可降低TC、TG、LDL和VLDL水平，并可显著提高HDL水平。
{"title":"Effectiveness of Atorvastatin in Treatment of Obese Patients with Dyslipidaemia","authors":"Wafa’ Mohamad AbuRoman, Ghada Fawzi Hardan, Hadeel Aref Elmomani, Afnan Adnan Almomani, Majedah Mustafa Jaradat, B. Abweny","doi":"10.36347/sajp.2023.v12i06.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36347/sajp.2023.v12i06.001","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Numerous comorbidities, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular (CV) disease are all made more likely by obesity. A higher mortality rate in the general population is strongly correlated with a high body mass index (BMI). In patients who are at high risk of experiencing an atherosclerotic CV event, the use of statins lowers mortality and recurrent adverse cardiac events across a broad range of cholesterol levels. Therefore, statin therapy is advised for secondary prevention in all high-risk patients, including those with obesity. Objectives: There is evidence to support the primary prevention of coronary artery disease, morbidity, and mortality using statins for lipid modifications. The purpose of this study is to ascertain the immediate impact of atorvastatin on the lipid profile in obese Jordanian patients. Methods: According to NCEP ATP III criteria, 200 overweight and obese patients with hypercholesterolemia were included. They received treatment for 2 months after being randomly divided into 3 groups based on the dosage of atorvastatin: 10, 20, and 40 mg/day. Results: With all atorvastatin doses, there was a significant desirable increase in high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and significant reduction in total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL), and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL). Conclusion: In dyslipidemic obese patients, short-term atorvastatin therapy resulted in lower levels of TC, TG, LDL, and VLDL as well as a desirable increase in HDL.","PeriodicalId":21439,"journal":{"name":"Scholars Academic Journal of Pharmacy","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84661489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-26DOI: 10.36347/sajp.2023.v12i05.003
Mowahib Osman Ali, Alzahra A. Mohamed Babiker, A. Elkhawad
Background: Generally, antibiotics misuse has serious effects on health. The main cause of bacterial resistance is the misuse of antibiotics. Also, the duration of antibiotic has a big role in treating the infection especially in diabetic foot infections. And this is the main problem for which this research is done for. Aim: In this study we tried to estimate the knowledge and practice of doctors in surgery unit to antibiotics in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers and infections. Methodology: The study was a total coverage of Alribat university hospital at the surgery unit from the period 10th of June till 5th of August. A well-organized questionnaire was dispensed to the house officers, general practitioners, registrars and specialist. The results were analyzed using statistical package for social science. Results: We found that 76% of participants have a good knowledge score and 24% of them have a poor knowledge score. Also, 46% of doctors have poor practice while 54% of them have a good practice. Also, there is a significant and positive relation between the knowledge score and the position and age of participants. And regarding practice score there is a positive association between it and the gender, position and age group. Participants with good practice score have a higher knowledge score and vice versa. However, Specialists have the highest knowledge and practice score. Registrars’ knowledge and practice score is higher than general practitioners and house officers. Participants who are 35 years old and more have the highest knowledge and practice score. And the ones ranged from 26-35 years old have higher knowledge and practice score than those who are 21-25 years old and participants whose have more than 10 years of experience have the highest mean knowledge and practice score, then those with 6 to 10 years, then those with 2 to 5 years of experience and those with less than 2 years have the lowest mean knowledge and practice score. Conclusion: There is
{"title":"Assessment of the Knowledge and Practice of Doctors to Antibiotics Used in the Treatment of Diabetic Foot Ulcers at Alribat University Hospital, Khartoum 2019","authors":"Mowahib Osman Ali, Alzahra A. Mohamed Babiker, A. Elkhawad","doi":"10.36347/sajp.2023.v12i05.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36347/sajp.2023.v12i05.003","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Generally, antibiotics misuse has serious effects on health. The main cause of bacterial resistance is the misuse of antibiotics. Also, the duration of antibiotic has a big role in treating the infection especially in diabetic foot infections. And this is the main problem for which this research is done for. Aim: In this study we tried to estimate the knowledge and practice of doctors in surgery unit to antibiotics in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers and infections. Methodology: The study was a total coverage of Alribat university hospital at the surgery unit from the period 10th of June till 5th of August. A well-organized questionnaire was dispensed to the house officers, general practitioners, registrars and specialist. The results were analyzed using statistical package for social science. Results: We found that 76% of participants have a good knowledge score and 24% of them have a poor knowledge score. Also, 46% of doctors have poor practice while 54% of them have a good practice. Also, there is a significant and positive relation between the knowledge score and the position and age of participants. And regarding practice score there is a positive association between it and the gender, position and age group. Participants with good practice score have a higher knowledge score and vice versa. However, Specialists have the highest knowledge and practice score. Registrars’ knowledge and practice score is higher than general practitioners and house officers. Participants who are 35 years old and more have the highest knowledge and practice score. And the ones ranged from 26-35 years old have higher knowledge and practice score than those who are 21-25 years old and participants whose have more than 10 years of experience have the highest mean knowledge and practice score, then those with 6 to 10 years, then those with 2 to 5 years of experience and those with less than 2 years have the lowest mean knowledge and practice score. Conclusion: There is","PeriodicalId":21439,"journal":{"name":"Scholars Academic Journal of Pharmacy","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85617876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-12DOI: 10.36347/sajp.2023.v12i05.002
Nikhilesh Andhi, Arravalli John Wilson Raj, Boddu Balaraju, Pagadala Kiran, Yatham Srisailam
Objective: The main objective of the study was to evaluate patterns of antibiotics prescribed for Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) in a tertiary care hospital. Methodology: A prospective observational study was conducted in the pulmonology and general medicine departments of a tertiary care hospital. The data was collected from the in- patient department after considering inclusion and exclusion criteria for a period of 6 months. Antibiotics prescribed were compared with the guidelines mentioned in the European respiratory society guidelines (ERS), Indian respiratory guidelines, IDSA guidelines, and NICE guidelines to determine the appropriateness of therapy. Statistical tools like Chi-square test were applied to the data by using SPSS software. Result: A total of 284 patients diagnosed with various LRTIs, male 55% patients predominated over female patients of 45%. The majority of the patients were under age group of 61-70 years (24%), literates (71.84%), and symptoms of SOB (88.73%), Cough (69.01%), generalized weakness/body pains (54.92%), fever (50.70%), wheeze (11.26%) and chest pain (9.85%). Among all cases of LRTI, most of the patients 56.4% were diagnosed with viral pneumonia (COVID-19). Higher number of patients was treated with beta-lactam antibiotics. Inj.Piperacillin/tazobactum (38%), Tab.Cefpodoxime proxetil/Clavulanic acid (41%), Inj.Cefaperazone/Sulbactum (35%) and Inj.Amoxicillin/Clavulanic acid (23%) were frequently used. Conclusion: Lower respiratory tract infections are mostly seen in males, elder age groups and in literate patients. Present study showed that the antibiotics were used taking into consideration various clinical and diagnostic evidences like radiology, bio-markers, patient condition and severity of the disease. However the establishment of antibiotic stewardship program is necessary to ensure safe and appropriate use of antibiotics and to prevent antibiotic resistance in patients.
{"title":"Evaluation of Antibiotics Used for Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in a Tertiary Care Hospital","authors":"Nikhilesh Andhi, Arravalli John Wilson Raj, Boddu Balaraju, Pagadala Kiran, Yatham Srisailam","doi":"10.36347/sajp.2023.v12i05.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36347/sajp.2023.v12i05.002","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The main objective of the study was to evaluate patterns of antibiotics prescribed for Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) in a tertiary care hospital. Methodology: A prospective observational study was conducted in the pulmonology and general medicine departments of a tertiary care hospital. The data was collected from the in- patient department after considering inclusion and exclusion criteria for a period of 6 months. Antibiotics prescribed were compared with the guidelines mentioned in the European respiratory society guidelines (ERS), Indian respiratory guidelines, IDSA guidelines, and NICE guidelines to determine the appropriateness of therapy. Statistical tools like Chi-square test were applied to the data by using SPSS software. Result: A total of 284 patients diagnosed with various LRTIs, male 55% patients predominated over female patients of 45%. The majority of the patients were under age group of 61-70 years (24%), literates (71.84%), and symptoms of SOB (88.73%), Cough (69.01%), generalized weakness/body pains (54.92%), fever (50.70%), wheeze (11.26%) and chest pain (9.85%). Among all cases of LRTI, most of the patients 56.4% were diagnosed with viral pneumonia (COVID-19). Higher number of patients was treated with beta-lactam antibiotics. Inj.Piperacillin/tazobactum (38%), Tab.Cefpodoxime proxetil/Clavulanic acid (41%), Inj.Cefaperazone/Sulbactum (35%) and Inj.Amoxicillin/Clavulanic acid (23%) were frequently used. Conclusion: Lower respiratory tract infections are mostly seen in males, elder age groups and in literate patients. Present study showed that the antibiotics were used taking into consideration various clinical and diagnostic evidences like radiology, bio-markers, patient condition and severity of the disease. However the establishment of antibiotic stewardship program is necessary to ensure safe and appropriate use of antibiotics and to prevent antibiotic resistance in patients.","PeriodicalId":21439,"journal":{"name":"Scholars Academic Journal of Pharmacy","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89666053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：