Pub Date : 2022-07-12DOI: 10.36347/sajp.2022.v11i07.001
Harshit Verma, Dr. Pradeep Pal, Deepak A. Joshi
The transdermal route is an important pathway for localized or systemic effects. The stratum corneum, the outer layer of the skin, is an essential skin permeation barrier for many drugs. To overcome this barrier, several techniques have been developed, including the use of the vehicle and nanocarriers to improve drug penetration. Recently, different types of nanocarriers have been designed to improve the dermal and transdermal delivery of medicines like ‘INVASOME’. We made clotrimazole loaded invasome gel which is used in fungal treatment. The procedure used in formulation of invasomal gel is mechanical dispersion method. This preparation is evaluate by many parameters they are appearance, spreadability, solubility, in vitro drug diffusion etc.
{"title":"Formulation, Development and Evaluation of Invasomes Loaded Gel for Fungal Treatment","authors":"Harshit Verma, Dr. Pradeep Pal, Deepak A. Joshi","doi":"10.36347/sajp.2022.v11i07.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36347/sajp.2022.v11i07.001","url":null,"abstract":"The transdermal route is an important pathway for localized or systemic effects. The stratum corneum, the outer layer of the skin, is an essential skin permeation barrier for many drugs. To overcome this barrier, several techniques have been developed, including the use of the vehicle and nanocarriers to improve drug penetration. Recently, different types of nanocarriers have been designed to improve the dermal and transdermal delivery of medicines like ‘INVASOME’. We made clotrimazole loaded invasome gel which is used in fungal treatment. The procedure used in formulation of invasomal gel is mechanical dispersion method. This preparation is evaluate by many parameters they are appearance, spreadability, solubility, in vitro drug diffusion etc.","PeriodicalId":21439,"journal":{"name":"Scholars Academic Journal of Pharmacy","volume":"222 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79721759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-21DOI: 10.36347/sajp.2022.v11i06.002
T. T, V. S., Abdul Basith Makbool, A. Maria, Aswathy Gopi, Fathimathu Rinsiya
The study was conducted to assess the self-care practices in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and the effectiveness of patient counselling in improving those practices in a tertiary care hospital setting. The study was a prospective interventional study that was carried out in the outpatient department of general medicine and conducted for 6 months. Self-care practice was evaluated with the help of the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Questionnaire, Morisky Medication Adherence Scale 8, and Diabetic Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire. During the study period, 150 patients were screened and 132 patients who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. Out of this, 53% were male patients and 47% were female patients. The highest prevalence of the disease was found to be 34.85% in the age group 61-70. From the Knowledge Attitude Practice Questionnaire, it was observed that the good, average, and the poor scores were 9.8%, 42.4%, and 47.7% for knowledge, 3.0%, 65.1% and 31.8% for attitude, and 23.4%, 65.9% and 10.6% for practice respectively. There was an overall improvement in the knowledge, attitude, and practice of the patients. The medication adherence and Diabetic Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire scores also showed notable improvement. The results were analyzed by comparing the baseline and follow-up scores. Diabetes self-management is critical to having a favourable clinical result. The intervention of educational programs by the health care team is very essential for a better understanding and management of the disease for the patients in achieving their healthcare goals.
{"title":"Evaluation of Self-Care Practice and Impact of Patient Counselling in Type- 2 Diabetic Patients","authors":"T. T, V. S., Abdul Basith Makbool, A. Maria, Aswathy Gopi, Fathimathu Rinsiya","doi":"10.36347/sajp.2022.v11i06.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36347/sajp.2022.v11i06.002","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted to assess the self-care practices in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and the effectiveness of patient counselling in improving those practices in a tertiary care hospital setting. The study was a prospective interventional study that was carried out in the outpatient department of general medicine and conducted for 6 months. Self-care practice was evaluated with the help of the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Questionnaire, Morisky Medication Adherence Scale 8, and Diabetic Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire. During the study period, 150 patients were screened and 132 patients who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. Out of this, 53% were male patients and 47% were female patients. The highest prevalence of the disease was found to be 34.85% in the age group 61-70. From the Knowledge Attitude Practice Questionnaire, it was observed that the good, average, and the poor scores were 9.8%, 42.4%, and 47.7% for knowledge, 3.0%, 65.1% and 31.8% for attitude, and 23.4%, 65.9% and 10.6% for practice respectively. There was an overall improvement in the knowledge, attitude, and practice of the patients. The medication adherence and Diabetic Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire scores also showed notable improvement. The results were analyzed by comparing the baseline and follow-up scores. Diabetes self-management is critical to having a favourable clinical result. The intervention of educational programs by the health care team is very essential for a better understanding and management of the disease for the patients in achieving their healthcare goals.","PeriodicalId":21439,"journal":{"name":"Scholars Academic Journal of Pharmacy","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74226300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-17DOI: 10.36347/sajp.2022.v11i06.001
Stanislav V. Yefimov
The work is devoted to determining the comparative efficiency of analyzers with a binary scale: 1/0, +/-, yes/no. Such a task arises, for example, when validating a new method of microbiological analysis for sterility when comparing the results of the analysis of two methods, a new one, usually more sensitive, and a traditional one. We will analyze the procedure for constructing contingency tables for normally distributed data, and then analyze the constructed tables using the modified Binomial Test. We will point out the factors that are critical for the correct calculation of the asymptotic significance (p-value).
{"title":"Construction of 2x2 Contingency Tables from Normally Distributed Data. Analysis of the Contingency Tables Using a Modified Binomial Test. Accounting for Differentiating and Integrating Factors in the Calculation of Asymptotic Significance","authors":"Stanislav V. Yefimov","doi":"10.36347/sajp.2022.v11i06.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36347/sajp.2022.v11i06.001","url":null,"abstract":"The work is devoted to determining the comparative efficiency of analyzers with a binary scale: 1/0, +/-, yes/no. Such a task arises, for example, when validating a new method of microbiological analysis for sterility when comparing the results of the analysis of two methods, a new one, usually more sensitive, and a traditional one. We will analyze the procedure for constructing contingency tables for normally distributed data, and then analyze the constructed tables using the modified Binomial Test. We will point out the factors that are critical for the correct calculation of the asymptotic significance (p-value).","PeriodicalId":21439,"journal":{"name":"Scholars Academic Journal of Pharmacy","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78665236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-15DOI: 10.36347/sajp.2022.v11i05.004
Gaurav M. Prajapati, Devang R. Ghuge
Alprazolam is approved in 2003 by US FDA. Alprazolam is available as an extended-release tablet, a mouth dissolving tablet (a tablet that dissolves rapidly in the mouth), as well as a concentrated solution (liquid). For the treatment of severe anxiety and panic disorder, alprazolam is one of the most commonly prescribed benzodiazepines. IPUAC name of Alprazolam is 8-Chloro-1-methyl-6-phenyl-4H-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a] [1, 4] benzodiazepine. The molecular formula and molecular Weight is C17H12ClFN4 and 326.75 g/mol. These articles may serve as an overview of Alprazolam with their drug profile, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and analytical HPLC procedures that are commonly employed in determining common provision issues. These reviews cover topics such as mobile phase, mobile phase ratio, column, retention time, flow rate, UV detector wavelength, run time, and more. Linearity, percent recovery, detection limit, and quantification limit are all validating parameters. The pharmaceutical analysis serves as an internal control for pure and pharmaceutical dosage forms, which is critical for quality assurance. The development of analytical methods has emerged as a crucial study activity.
{"title":"A Comprehensive Review of the Analytical Development and Validation of Alprazolam in Bulk and Pharmaceutical Dosage Form","authors":"Gaurav M. Prajapati, Devang R. Ghuge","doi":"10.36347/sajp.2022.v11i05.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36347/sajp.2022.v11i05.004","url":null,"abstract":"Alprazolam is approved in 2003 by US FDA. Alprazolam is available as an extended-release tablet, a mouth dissolving tablet (a tablet that dissolves rapidly in the mouth), as well as a concentrated solution (liquid). For the treatment of severe anxiety and panic disorder, alprazolam is one of the most commonly prescribed benzodiazepines. IPUAC name of Alprazolam is 8-Chloro-1-methyl-6-phenyl-4H-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a] [1, 4] benzodiazepine. The molecular formula and molecular Weight is C17H12ClFN4 and 326.75 g/mol. These articles may serve as an overview of Alprazolam with their drug profile, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and analytical HPLC procedures that are commonly employed in determining common provision issues. These reviews cover topics such as mobile phase, mobile phase ratio, column, retention time, flow rate, UV detector wavelength, run time, and more. Linearity, percent recovery, detection limit, and quantification limit are all validating parameters. The pharmaceutical analysis serves as an internal control for pure and pharmaceutical dosage forms, which is critical for quality assurance. The development of analytical methods has emerged as a crucial study activity.","PeriodicalId":21439,"journal":{"name":"Scholars Academic Journal of Pharmacy","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81019235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-12DOI: 10.36347/sajp.2022.v11i05.002
M. Raissouni, S. Benhammou, H. Kisra
Gender dysphoria is a medical term used in the American Psychiatric Association (APA) textbook to describe the distress of the transgender person in the face of a sense of inadequacy between their assigned sex and their gender identity. The work we present is based on a clinical case in which we have retained the diagnosis of gender dysphoria comorbid with other psychiatric disorders after several close consultation appointments, and through which we will address the socio-cultural aspect of this disorder within our society Adults with gender dysphoria can benefit from psychological, medical and surgical treatment in France. However, this dysphoria rarely appears in adulthood, often being present since childhood and adolescence and generating difficulties in family, social and school life, particularly at the time of puberty. It is necessary to take adequate care of patients with gender dysphoria, often generating psychological suffering responsible for numerous comorbidities.
{"title":"Diagnostic and Therapeutic Complexity of Gender Dysphoria: About A Clinical Case","authors":"M. Raissouni, S. Benhammou, H. Kisra","doi":"10.36347/sajp.2022.v11i05.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36347/sajp.2022.v11i05.002","url":null,"abstract":"Gender dysphoria is a medical term used in the American Psychiatric Association (APA) textbook to describe the distress of the transgender person in the face of a sense of inadequacy between their assigned sex and their gender identity. The work we present is based on a clinical case in which we have retained the diagnosis of gender dysphoria comorbid with other psychiatric disorders after several close consultation appointments, and through which we will address the socio-cultural aspect of this disorder within our society Adults with gender dysphoria can benefit from psychological, medical and surgical treatment in France. However, this dysphoria rarely appears in adulthood, often being present since childhood and adolescence and generating difficulties in family, social and school life, particularly at the time of puberty. It is necessary to take adequate care of patients with gender dysphoria, often generating psychological suffering responsible for numerous comorbidities.","PeriodicalId":21439,"journal":{"name":"Scholars Academic Journal of Pharmacy","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78994133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-12DOI: 10.36347/sajp.2022.v11i05.003
Tarik Anis, I. Labbi, Abdesslam Bouassria, H. E. Bouhaddouti, O. Mouaqit, A. Ousadden, K. A. Taleb
Torsion of the fatty appendage of the falciform ligament is an extremely rare condition that leads to severe abdominal pain and raised inflammatory markers. It can be recognised on ultrasound or CT scan. The pathophysiology is the same as that involved in the more common torsion and/or infarction of the greater omentum or epiploic appendages. The condition is best managed conservatively with anti-inflammatory analgesia, and the early recognition of this type of torsion may prevent unnecessary operative intervention to look for a source of abdominal pain. We report a rare case of torsion of the fatty appendage of the falciform ligament associated with pancreatitis C in 71 years old women. The management consisted of surgical treatment after failure of medical treatment with a favorable outcome.
{"title":"Torsion of Fatty Appendage of Falciform Ligament: A Case Report","authors":"Tarik Anis, I. Labbi, Abdesslam Bouassria, H. E. Bouhaddouti, O. Mouaqit, A. Ousadden, K. A. Taleb","doi":"10.36347/sajp.2022.v11i05.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36347/sajp.2022.v11i05.003","url":null,"abstract":"Torsion of the fatty appendage of the falciform ligament is an extremely rare condition that leads to severe abdominal pain and raised inflammatory markers. It can be recognised on ultrasound or CT scan. The pathophysiology is the same as that involved in the more common torsion and/or infarction of the greater omentum or epiploic appendages. The condition is best managed conservatively with anti-inflammatory analgesia, and the early recognition of this type of torsion may prevent unnecessary operative intervention to look for a source of abdominal pain. We report a rare case of torsion of the fatty appendage of the falciform ligament associated with pancreatitis C in 71 years old women. The management consisted of surgical treatment after failure of medical treatment with a favorable outcome.","PeriodicalId":21439,"journal":{"name":"Scholars Academic Journal of Pharmacy","volume":"390 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78063251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-10DOI: 10.36347/sajp.2022.v11i05.001
Yaya Goïta, Boubacar Sidiki Ibrahim Dramé, Doumbia Nanko Abdoulaye Dabo, Klétigui Casimir Dembélé, A. Bissan, A. Koné, D. Coulibaly, S. Coulibaly, Yacouba Dial
Introduction: Patients with COVID_19 infection have been shown to have an increased thrombotic risk, due to activation of coagulation secondary to sepsis. Objective: To study biological markers correlated with blood clotting disorders in hospitalized patients with COVID_19. Method: This was a retrospective descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study conducted at the Mali Hospital between September 2020 and January 2021. The markers being biologically monitored were: PT, ACT, INR, D-dimer and Troponin-I. Result: A total of 134 patients were enrolled in our study. Male was in the majority than female with 62.68% male and 37.31% female. The age group from 20 to 50 years was the most represented, at 58.21%. Biological markers showed plasma D-dimer concentration > 0.5 μL, PT ˂ 70, INR > 3; an ACT > 40 seconds and a Troponin > 0.1 μL for 76.11%, 10.44%, 15.67%, 16.41% and 1.49% of the study population respectively. The rate of cured patients was 94.02% and that of deceased patients was 5.97%, with all deceased patients having a high D-dimer level. Conclusion: Blood clotting disorders and elevated D-Dimer are important biomarkers predicting complications of COVID_19 infection.
{"title":"Risk Factors, Bleeding Disorder and COVID-19 in Bamako, Mali","authors":"Yaya Goïta, Boubacar Sidiki Ibrahim Dramé, Doumbia Nanko Abdoulaye Dabo, Klétigui Casimir Dembélé, A. Bissan, A. Koné, D. Coulibaly, S. Coulibaly, Yacouba Dial","doi":"10.36347/sajp.2022.v11i05.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36347/sajp.2022.v11i05.001","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Patients with COVID_19 infection have been shown to have an increased thrombotic risk, due to activation of coagulation secondary to sepsis. Objective: To study biological markers correlated with blood clotting disorders in hospitalized patients with COVID_19. Method: This was a retrospective descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study conducted at the Mali Hospital between September 2020 and January 2021. The markers being biologically monitored were: PT, ACT, INR, D-dimer and Troponin-I. Result: A total of 134 patients were enrolled in our study. Male was in the majority than female with 62.68% male and 37.31% female. The age group from 20 to 50 years was the most represented, at 58.21%. Biological markers showed plasma D-dimer concentration > 0.5 μL, PT ˂ 70, INR > 3; an ACT > 40 seconds and a Troponin > 0.1 μL for 76.11%, 10.44%, 15.67%, 16.41% and 1.49% of the study population respectively. The rate of cured patients was 94.02% and that of deceased patients was 5.97%, with all deceased patients having a high D-dimer level. Conclusion: Blood clotting disorders and elevated D-Dimer are important biomarkers predicting complications of COVID_19 infection.","PeriodicalId":21439,"journal":{"name":"Scholars Academic Journal of Pharmacy","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77521616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-14DOI: 10.36347/sajp.2022.v11i04.004
K. Lakshmi, A. Sowmya, R. Prasad, S. Begum, M. Sucharitha, B.Anantha Lakshmi Prasanth, Abdul Nauman
Elettaria cardamomum and Amomum subulatum fruits were easily available and commonly used in our day –to-day life. The present study aimed at the in-vitro comparative study of anthelmintic activity of aqueous extracts of fruits of Elettaria cardamomum, Amomum subulatum and mixed. The fruits were extracted separately with distilled water by maceration method .The various concentrations of the extract (50,100, 200mg/ml) respectively were screened for their anthelmintic activity using Pheritima posthuma. The activity was comparable with the standard drug albendazole. When the concentrations of the extract are increased, a gradual increase in anthelmintic activity is observed. The study involved the determination of time of paralysis (P) and time of death (D) of the worms. Aqueous extract of Elettaria cardamomum, Amomum subulatum and mixed showed anthelmintic activity but mixed extract was more efficient anthelmintic activity against Indian earthworms. The data were found statistically significant by using one way ANOVA (P< 0.001). Further studies are suggested to isolate the active principles responsible for the activity.
{"title":"Comparitive Invitro Antihelmintic Activity of Electeria cardamom and Amomum subulatum against Pheritima Posthuma","authors":"K. Lakshmi, A. Sowmya, R. Prasad, S. Begum, M. Sucharitha, B.Anantha Lakshmi Prasanth, Abdul Nauman","doi":"10.36347/sajp.2022.v11i04.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36347/sajp.2022.v11i04.004","url":null,"abstract":"Elettaria cardamomum and Amomum subulatum fruits were easily available and commonly used in our day –to-day life. The present study aimed at the in-vitro comparative study of anthelmintic activity of aqueous extracts of fruits of Elettaria cardamomum, Amomum subulatum and mixed. The fruits were extracted separately with distilled water by maceration method .The various concentrations of the extract (50,100, 200mg/ml) respectively were screened for their anthelmintic activity using Pheritima posthuma. The activity was comparable with the standard drug albendazole. When the concentrations of the extract are increased, a gradual increase in anthelmintic activity is observed. The study involved the determination of time of paralysis (P) and time of death (D) of the worms. Aqueous extract of Elettaria cardamomum, Amomum subulatum and mixed showed anthelmintic activity but mixed extract was more efficient anthelmintic activity against Indian earthworms. The data were found statistically significant by using one way ANOVA (P< 0.001). Further studies are suggested to isolate the active principles responsible for the activity.","PeriodicalId":21439,"journal":{"name":"Scholars Academic Journal of Pharmacy","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81406888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-14DOI: 10.36347/sajp.2022.v11i04.003
S. Belabbes, Prudence Biyie, C. Magne, T. Africha, B. Zainoun
Cysticercosis is a parasitic infection caused by the larval form of Taenia solium, a pork tapeworm. The disease is endemic in virtually all developing countries in Central and South America, Asia, and Africa [1]. Also, it can be found in non-endemic regions in immigrant populations, or in people who have traveled to endemic regions [2]. The perpetuation of this parasitic disease is related to poor sanitation and hygiene. The symptoms of cysticercosis vary according to the affected system, the cyst burden, and the host’s immune response to the infection. We present a case of a 40-year-old male patient diagnosed HIV positive for 5 years ago, and treated using antiretroviral (ARV) drug, who presented with a chief complaint of fatigue and myalgia as part of a general assessment, a cerebral and thoracoabdominal CT scan was performed and revealed multiples ‘‘Rice-grain’’ soft-tissue calcifications. Those findings were compatible with muscular cysticercosis.
{"title":"Subcutaneous and Intramuscular Cysticercosis: “Rice grain” or “Cigar Shaped” Appearance","authors":"S. Belabbes, Prudence Biyie, C. Magne, T. Africha, B. Zainoun","doi":"10.36347/sajp.2022.v11i04.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36347/sajp.2022.v11i04.003","url":null,"abstract":"Cysticercosis is a parasitic infection caused by the larval form of Taenia solium, a pork tapeworm. The disease is endemic in virtually all developing countries in Central and South America, Asia, and Africa [1]. Also, it can be found in non-endemic regions in immigrant populations, or in people who have traveled to endemic regions [2]. The perpetuation of this parasitic disease is related to poor sanitation and hygiene. The symptoms of cysticercosis vary according to the affected system, the cyst burden, and the host’s immune response to the infection. We present a case of a 40-year-old male patient diagnosed HIV positive for 5 years ago, and treated using antiretroviral (ARV) drug, who presented with a chief complaint of fatigue and myalgia as part of a general assessment, a cerebral and thoracoabdominal CT scan was performed and revealed multiples ‘‘Rice-grain’’ soft-tissue calcifications. Those findings were compatible with muscular cysticercosis.","PeriodicalId":21439,"journal":{"name":"Scholars Academic Journal of Pharmacy","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90640138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-13DOI: 10.36347/sajp.2022.v11i04.001
W. Enneffah, Asmae Bendrija, M. Elwartiti, F. Berdi, R. E. Jaoudi, M. A. E. Cadi, Y. Bousliman
Introduction: Global consumption of antibiotics (ATBs) has increased by about 65% over the last 15 years. It was exponentially boosted in low and middle income countries. Bacterial resistance to ATBs is now one of the most serious threats to global health and is daily faced by all healthcare actors. In 2016, the World Health Organization (WHO) published an action plan to combat ATBs resistance, encouraging member states to develop their own national action plans. The objective of our study is to provide a state of the art reflecting the consumption patterns of ATBs in pharmacy stores. Material and methods: Our descriptive study lasted for 3 months and included all consenting patients presenting to a pharmacy of the city of Rabat (Morocco) for antibiotic treatment either on medical prescription, pharmaceutical advice or self-medication. The total number of included patients was 150. Results: Among 166 ATBs dispensed to 150 study patients, beta-lactam family represents the most consumed one with a percentage of 28,3%. In terms of delivery methods evaluation, 57.3% of ATBs were delivered on medical prescription, 37.3% on self-medication and 5.4% on pharmacist's advice. The most frequent reasons for ATBs use are skin infections, followed by ENT and pulmonary infections and most requested administration routes are oral and topical ones. Conclusion: In order to optimize ATBs use in ambulatory care, it is important to emphasize the key role of city pharmacist in compliance with the ATBs prescription and dispensing recommendations.
{"title":"Ambulatory Antibiotic Consumption Profile: State of Play in a Pharmacy Store","authors":"W. Enneffah, Asmae Bendrija, M. Elwartiti, F. Berdi, R. E. Jaoudi, M. A. E. Cadi, Y. Bousliman","doi":"10.36347/sajp.2022.v11i04.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36347/sajp.2022.v11i04.001","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Global consumption of antibiotics (ATBs) has increased by about 65% over the last 15 years. It was exponentially boosted in low and middle income countries. Bacterial resistance to ATBs is now one of the most serious threats to global health and is daily faced by all healthcare actors. In 2016, the World Health Organization (WHO) published an action plan to combat ATBs resistance, encouraging member states to develop their own national action plans. The objective of our study is to provide a state of the art reflecting the consumption patterns of ATBs in pharmacy stores. Material and methods: Our descriptive study lasted for 3 months and included all consenting patients presenting to a pharmacy of the city of Rabat (Morocco) for antibiotic treatment either on medical prescription, pharmaceutical advice or self-medication. The total number of included patients was 150. Results: Among 166 ATBs dispensed to 150 study patients, beta-lactam family represents the most consumed one with a percentage of 28,3%. In terms of delivery methods evaluation, 57.3% of ATBs were delivered on medical prescription, 37.3% on self-medication and 5.4% on pharmacist's advice. The most frequent reasons for ATBs use are skin infections, followed by ENT and pulmonary infections and most requested administration routes are oral and topical ones. Conclusion: In order to optimize ATBs use in ambulatory care, it is important to emphasize the key role of city pharmacist in compliance with the ATBs prescription and dispensing recommendations.","PeriodicalId":21439,"journal":{"name":"Scholars Academic Journal of Pharmacy","volume":"136 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89149288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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