Pub Date : 2024-07-10DOI: 10.1134/s1021443724605251
M. Rasouli, M. Bayanati, F. Tavakoli
Abstract
Grape (Vitis vinifera L.) is an important fruit crop and is widely cultivated because of its nutritional and economical values. The foliar application of nutrients improves the performance and quality of grapes, and silicon is recently classified as an essential element for plants. For this purpose, a factorial experiment was conducted in a complete randomized design with three replications on grapes cv. ‘Fakhri’. The treatments included three levels of potassium silicate (0.0, 1.0 (S.K1), and 2.0 g/L (S.K2)), combined with three levels of humic acid (0.0, 1.0 (H1) and 2.0 (H2) g/L). Morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics, as well as the microelements of the leaves were measured. The highest yield (10.56 kg/vine) was obtained by simultaneous treatment with S.K2 and H2 solutions. The interactive effects of these two treatments changed the activity of catalase, peroxidase and superoxide dismutase and increased the content of zinc, manganese, iron and copper elements in grape leaves. This result indicates that potassium silicate and humic acid had a synergistic effect and increased all quantitative and qualitative indices of ‘Fakhri’ grapes studied in this experiment.
{"title":"Improving Quantitative and Qualitative Traits of Grapes cv. ‘Fakhri’ of Iran with Foliar Application of Potassium Silicate and Humic Acid","authors":"M. Rasouli, M. Bayanati, F. Tavakoli","doi":"10.1134/s1021443724605251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1021443724605251","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Grape (<i>Vitis vinifera</i> L.) is an important fruit crop and is widely cultivated because of its nutritional and economical values. The foliar application of nutrients improves the performance and quality of grapes, and silicon is recently classified as an essential element for plants. For this purpose, a factorial experiment was conducted in a complete randomized design with three replications on grapes cv. ‘Fakhri’. The treatments included three levels of potassium silicate (0.0, 1.0 (S.K1), and 2.0 g/L (S.K2)), combined with three levels of humic acid (0.0, 1.0 (H1) and 2.0 (H2) g/L). Morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics, as well as the microelements of the leaves were measured. The highest yield (10.56 kg/vine) was obtained by simultaneous treatment with S.K2 and H2 solutions. The interactive effects of these two treatments changed the activity of catalase, peroxidase and superoxide dismutase and increased the content of zinc, manganese, iron and copper elements in grape leaves. This result indicates that potassium silicate and humic acid had a synergistic effect and increased all quantitative and qualitative indices of ‘Fakhri’ grapes studied in this experiment.</p>","PeriodicalId":21477,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141571375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-10DOI: 10.1134/s1021443724604841
R. Shalem Raju, P. S. Hanjagi, S. M. Awaji, B. Raghavendra Goud, S. Shraddha Bhaskar, T. Srinivas, Y. Suneetha
Abstract
Rice is a significant staple crop that provides food and livelihoods for millions of people worldwide. However, climate change and frequent cyclonic storms with heavy rains during grain maturation periods have led to a significant reduction in rice yield and quality (20–30%) due to pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) damage. PHS has become a widespread issue globally, resulting in significant economic losses for Indian farmers, amounting to billions of rupees annually and severely impacting the country’s economy. Developing protocol and PHS-resistant rice genotypes is essential to mitigate the significant economic losses experienced by farmers and meet the growing demand for food grain with the increasing population. This study was aimed to developing the efficient protocol to identify PHS-resistant rice genotypes by evaluating 96 genotypes under laboratory and field conditions at 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 days after flowering (DAF). To evaluate the PHS resistant genotypes we have developed the efficient and standard protocol for the present study. The results showed a positive correlation between phenotypic responses under laboratory and field conditions. Based on the germination percentage exhibited under laboratory and field conditions, the genotypes were grouped into four clusters using K-clustering and dendrogram clustering analysis. Out of 96 genotypes evaluated 19 grouped as highly susceptible (45 to 88%), 14 were moderately susceptible (10 to 45%), 51 were moderately resistant (0.10 to 10.00%), and 12 were highly resistant with zero percent germination at all flowering stages. The study also evaluated the genotypes for days to germination from 20 to 40 DAF. The highly susceptible genotypes germinated earlier (3 days) than moderately susceptible and resistant genotypes (4 to 6 days). Zero days were assigned to highly resistant genotypes since no germination was recorded. In nutshell, the novel PHS-resistant rice genotypes identified in this study could serve as donors for future crop improvement programs.
{"title":"Enhancing the Assessment of Pre-Harvest Sprouting Phenotyping in Rice: A comprehensive Protocol Integrating Field and Laboratory Evaluations","authors":"R. Shalem Raju, P. S. Hanjagi, S. M. Awaji, B. Raghavendra Goud, S. Shraddha Bhaskar, T. Srinivas, Y. Suneetha","doi":"10.1134/s1021443724604841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1021443724604841","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Rice is a significant staple crop that provides food and livelihoods for millions of people worldwide. However, climate change and frequent cyclonic storms with heavy rains during grain maturation periods have led to a significant reduction in rice yield and quality (20–30%) due to pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) damage. PHS has become a widespread issue globally, resulting in significant economic losses for Indian farmers, amounting to billions of rupees annually and severely impacting the country’s economy. Developing protocol and PHS-resistant rice genotypes is essential to mitigate the significant economic losses experienced by farmers and meet the growing demand for food grain with the increasing population. This study was aimed to developing the efficient protocol to identify PHS-resistant rice genotypes by evaluating 96 genotypes under laboratory and field conditions at 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 days after flowering (DAF). To evaluate the PHS resistant genotypes we have developed the efficient and standard protocol for the present study. The results showed a positive correlation between phenotypic responses under laboratory and field conditions. Based on the germination percentage exhibited under laboratory and field conditions, the genotypes were grouped into four clusters using K-clustering and dendrogram clustering analysis. Out of 96 genotypes evaluated 19 grouped as highly susceptible (45 to 88%), 14 were moderately susceptible (10 to 45%), 51 were moderately resistant (0.10 to 10.00%), and 12 were highly resistant with zero percent germination at all flowering stages. The study also evaluated the genotypes for days to germination from 20 to 40 DAF. The highly susceptible genotypes germinated earlier (3 days) than moderately susceptible and resistant genotypes (4 to 6 days). Zero days were assigned to highly resistant genotypes since no germination was recorded. In nutshell, the novel PHS-resistant rice genotypes identified in this study could serve as donors for future crop improvement programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":21477,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141571371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-10DOI: 10.1134/s1021443724604737
S. Canavar, S. Toksoy Köseoğlu, A. Doğru
Abstract
In this study, the effect of salt stress (120 mM NaCl for 7 d) on some physiological changes was investigated through chlorophyll a fluorescence technique, JIP test, and some endogenous resistance mechanisms (activity of some antioxidant enzymes and free proline content) in two barley cultivars (Hordeum vulgare L. cvs. Erginel-90 and Tokak 157/37). Chlorophyll fluorescence measurements and the calculated JIP test parameters showed that salt stress did not damage PSII reaction centers in both barley cultivars but reduced the rate of electron transport reactions from reaction centers to the plastoquinone pool in the genotype Erginel-90. Moreover, changes in ΔRo and ФRo confirmed that electron transport in the genotype Erginel-90 was also reduced further than plastoquinone. In the genotype Tokak 157/37, however, photosynthetic electron transport reactions were maintained under salt stress conditions. Contrary to the genotype Tokak 157/37, the impairment in the photosynthetic efficiency led to oxidative stress in the leaf tissues of the genotype Erginel-90 under salt stress. This fact was confirmed by the lower foliar antioxidant activity, accumulation of H2O2 and malondialdehyde, and thus photooxidative damages in the photosynthetic pigments. These results allowed us to conclude that the photosynthetic apparatus of the genotype Tokak 157/37 is more tolerant to salt stress than the genotype Erginel-90. In addition, ΔV/Δto, SM, N, Ψo, Ψo/(1 – Ψo), PIABS, ФRo, and ΔRo could be considered decisive and informative JIP test parameters to evaluate salt tolerance in barley plants.
{"title":"Harmonious Operation of PSII Efficiency and Antioxidant Activity is Decisive for Salt Tolerance in Barley Genotypes","authors":"S. Canavar, S. Toksoy Köseoğlu, A. Doğru","doi":"10.1134/s1021443724604737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1021443724604737","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>In this study, the effect of salt stress (120 mM NaCl for 7 d) on some physiological changes was investigated through chlorophyll <i>a</i> fluorescence technique, JIP test, and some endogenous resistance mechanisms (activity of some antioxidant enzymes and free proline content) in two barley cultivars (<i>Hordeum vulgare</i> L. cvs. Erginel-90 and Tokak 157/37). Chlorophyll fluorescence measurements and the calculated JIP test parameters showed that salt stress did not damage PSII reaction centers in both barley cultivars but reduced the rate of electron transport reactions from reaction centers to the plastoquinone pool in the genotype Erginel-90. Moreover, changes in ΔRo and ФRo confirmed that electron transport in the genotype Erginel-90 was also reduced further than plastoquinone. In the genotype Tokak 157/37, however, photosynthetic electron transport reactions were maintained under salt stress conditions. Contrary to the genotype Tokak 157/37, the impairment in the photosynthetic efficiency led to oxidative stress in the leaf tissues of the genotype Erginel-90 under salt stress. This fact was confirmed by the lower foliar antioxidant activity, accumulation of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and malondialdehyde, and thus photooxidative damages in the photosynthetic pigments. These results allowed us to conclude that the photosynthetic apparatus of the genotype Tokak 157/37 is more tolerant to salt stress than the genotype Erginel-90. In addition, ΔV/Δto, S<sub>M</sub>, N, Ψo, Ψo/(1 – Ψo), PI<sub>ABS</sub>, ФRo, and ΔRo could be considered decisive and informative JIP test parameters to evaluate salt tolerance in barley plants.</p>","PeriodicalId":21477,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141571370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-10DOI: 10.1134/s1021443724605275
Z. F. Rakhmankulova, E. V. Shuyskaya, M. Yu. Prokofieva, V. V. Kazantseva, L. T. Saidova, N. V. Zagoskina, P. Yu. Voronin
Abstract
The effect of elevated CO2 (eCO2) on changes in the morphophysiological, biochemical, and molecular genetic parameters of the C4-NADP halophyte Kochia prostrata (L.) Schrad. under short-term water deficit (WD) and/or elevated temperatures (eT) was studied. The changes in the parameters of growth, water–salt balance, CO2/H2O gas exchange, PSII efficiency, PSI cyclic electron transport (CET) activity, photosynthetic gene expression, key carboxylation enzyme content, and antioxidative system activity were studied. Plants reacted more negatively to water deficit than to other individual factors (eCO2 or eT). The expression of genes encoding components of PSI (psaA, psaB), ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase Rubisco (rbcL), and pyruvate phosphate dikinase (PPDK) was downregulated, and a decrease was observed in the content of the photosynthetic enzymes Rubisco and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPС) and fresh biomass, PSII efficiency, apparent photosynthesis, and transpiration rates, indicating a stomatal and metabolic limitation of photosynthesis associated with insufficient functioning of the C4 carbon-concentrating mechanism. eT did not significantly affect the growth parameters and water–salt balance of K. prostrata. Decreased apparent photosynthesis intensity at eT was mainly associated with stomatal limitation (decreased transpiration). The most severe stress was caused by eT + WD. A decrease in psaA, psaB, rbcL, and PPDK expression, PSII efficiency and PSI CET activity, photosynthesis and transpiration intensity, fresh biomass and water content and an increase in proline accumulation and oxidative stress indices were observed. The effect of eCO2 mitigated the negative effect of individual and combined water deficit and temperature stress on CO2/H2O gas exchanges (apparent photosynthesis, transpiration) but enhanced their negative effect on PSII functioning. Additionally, under eT + WD, eCO2 contributed to a significant increase in proline content and the activation of antioxidant defense, with the participation of catalase, phenolic compounds, and PSI CET. Overall, eCO2 affected the mechanisms of homeostatic water balance and antioxidant defense and the ratio of light and dark reactions of photosynthesis during the adaptation of K. prostrata to drought and/or eT compared with ambient CO2 conditions.
摘要 研究了高浓度二氧化碳（eCO2）对C4-NADP卤代植物Kochia prostrata (L.) Schrad.在短期缺水（WD）和/或高温（eT）条件下形态生理、生化和分子遗传参数变化的影响。研究了生长、水盐平衡、CO2/H2O气体交换、PSII效率、PSI循环电子传递（CET）活性、光合基因表达、关键羧化酶含量和抗氧化系统活性等参数的变化。植物对水分亏缺的反应比对其他单个因子（eCO2 或 eT）的反应更消极。编码 PSI（psaA、psaB）、核酮糖-1,5-二磷酸羧化酶/氧化酶 Rubisco（rbcL）和丙酮酸磷酸二激酶（PPDK）的基因表达下调，光合作用酶 Rubisco 和磷酸烯醇丙酮酸羧化酶（PEPС）的含量和新鲜生物量也有所下降、PSII效率、表观光合作用和蒸腾速率都有所下降，这表明光合作用受到气孔和代谢的限制，与C4碳浓缩机制功能不足有关。eT 对 K. prostrata 的生长参数和水盐平衡没有明显影响。eT 条件下表观光合作用强度的降低主要与气孔限制（蒸腾作用降低）有关。eT + WD 造成的胁迫最为严重。观察到 psaA、psaB、rbcL 和 PPDK 表达、PSII 效率和 PSI CET 活性、光合作用和蒸腾强度、新鲜生物量和含水量下降，脯氨酸积累和氧化应激指数增加。eCO2 的作用减轻了单独和联合缺水与温度胁迫对 CO2/H2O 气体交换（表观光合作用、蒸腾作用）的负面影响，但增强了它们对 PSII 功能的负面影响。此外，在 eT + WD 条件下，在过氧化氢酶、酚类化合物和 PSI CET 的参与下，eCO2 促使脯氨酸含量显著增加，并激活了抗氧化防御。总之，与环境 CO2 条件相比，eCO2 影响了原桔梗对干旱和/或 eT 的适应过程中的水分平衡和抗氧化防御机制，以及光合作用的光反应和暗反应的比例。
{"title":"Effect of Elevated CO2 Concentrations on Drought and Heat Tolerance of the C4-NADP Species Kochia prostrata","authors":"Z. F. Rakhmankulova, E. V. Shuyskaya, M. Yu. Prokofieva, V. V. Kazantseva, L. T. Saidova, N. V. Zagoskina, P. Yu. Voronin","doi":"10.1134/s1021443724605275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1021443724605275","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The effect of elevated CO<sub>2</sub> (eCO<sub>2</sub>) on changes in the morphophysiological, biochemical, and molecular genetic parameters of the C<sub>4</sub>-NADP halophyte <i>Kochia prostrata</i> (L.) Schrad. under short-term water deficit (WD) and/or elevated temperatures (eT) was studied. The changes in the parameters of growth, water–salt balance, CO<sub>2</sub>/H<sub>2</sub>O gas exchange, PSII efficiency, PSI cyclic electron transport (CET) activity, photosynthetic gene expression, key carboxylation enzyme content, and antioxidative system activity were studied. Plants reacted more negatively to water deficit than to other individual factors (eCO<sub>2</sub> or eT). The expression of genes encoding components of PSI (<i>psaA, psaB</i>), ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase Rubisco (<i>rbcL</i>), and pyruvate phosphate dikinase (<i>PPDK</i>) was downregulated, and a decrease was observed in the content of the photosynthetic enzymes Rubisco and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPС) and fresh biomass, PSII efficiency, apparent photosynthesis, and transpiration rates, indicating a stomatal and metabolic limitation of photosynthesis associated with insufficient functioning of the C<sub>4</sub> carbon-concentrating mechanism. eT did not significantly affect the growth parameters and water–salt balance of <i>K. prostrata</i>. Decreased apparent photosynthesis intensity at eT was mainly associated with stomatal limitation (decreased transpiration). The most severe stress was caused by eT + WD. A decrease in <i>psaA, psaB, rbcL</i>, and <i>PPDK</i> expression, PSII efficiency and PSI CET activity, photosynthesis and transpiration intensity, fresh biomass and water content and an increase in proline accumulation and oxidative stress indices were observed. The effect of eCO<sub>2</sub> mitigated the negative effect of individual and combined water deficit and temperature stress on CO<sub>2</sub>/H<sub>2</sub>O gas exchanges (apparent photosynthesis, transpiration) but enhanced their negative effect on PSII functioning. Additionally, under eT + WD, eCO<sub>2</sub> contributed to a significant increase in proline content and the activation of antioxidant defense, with the participation of catalase, phenolic compounds, and PSI CET. Overall, eCO<sub>2</sub> affected the mechanisms of homeostatic water balance and antioxidant defense and the ratio of light and dark reactions of photosynthesis during the adaptation of <i>K. prostrata</i> to drought and/or eT compared with ambient CO<sub>2</sub> conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":21477,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141571373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-02DOI: 10.1134/s1021443724604865
A. Y. Khudyakova, A. A. Ashikhmin, P. P. Pashkovskiy, A. A. Abramova, V. D. Kreslavski
Abstract
The effects of high irradiance on PSII activity, pigment content and gene expression in Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. hy4 mutant with cryptochrome 1 deficiency and wild type grown in light of different spectral composition (LDSC) were studied. A. thaliana wild type (WT) and hy4 mutant plants were grown for 20 days in white light (100 μmol photon/m2 s), then, the plants were grown for 3 days under red (RL), blue (BL) and green (GL) light at a ratio of RL : BL : GL = 4 : 1 : 0; 4 : 1 : 0.3 or only on BL, after which they were irradiated with HIL (4 h, 1000 μmol photon/m2 s). In all variants, HIL irradiation caused a decrease in PSII activity, which was most significant in the BL treatment in hy4. The most significant decreases in the contents of photosynthetic pigments, UV-absorbing pigments and anthocyanins under LDSC were observed only on BL in the mutant. Additionally, in all the variants, the transcript levels of genes encoding key antioxidant and involved in carotenoid and anthocyanin biosynthesis enzymes were lower in hy4 than in the WT. Moreover, in all the treatment group HIL induced the accumulation of zeaxanthin and a decrease in the violaxanthin. It is assumed that the mechanisms used to counteract oxidative stress induced by HIL include the accumulation of pigments such as carotenoids and anthocyanins, as well as the mechanisms of zeaxanthin-related nonphotochemical quenching and the quenching through the accumulation of β-carotene. However, the contents of the pigments appear to play decisive roles in protecting the Arabidopsis photosynthetic apparatus from HIL.
{"title":"Impact of High Irradiance and Light Quality on Physiological Parameters in A. thaliana hy4 Mutants","authors":"A. Y. Khudyakova, A. A. Ashikhmin, P. P. Pashkovskiy, A. A. Abramova, V. D. Kreslavski","doi":"10.1134/s1021443724604865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1021443724604865","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The effects of high irradiance on PSII activity, pigment content and gene expression in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> (L.) Heynh. <i>hy4</i> mutant with cryptochrome 1 deficiency and wild type grown in light of different spectral composition (LDSC) were studied. <i>A. thaliana</i> wild type (WT) and <i>hy4</i> mutant plants were grown for 20 days in white light (100 μmol photon/m<sup>2</sup> s), then, the plants were grown for 3 days under red (RL), blue (BL) and green (GL) light at a ratio of RL : BL : GL = 4 : 1 : 0; 4 : 1 : 0.3 or only on BL, after which they were irradiated with HIL (4 h, 1000 μmol photon/m<sup>2</sup> s). In all variants, HIL irradiation caused a decrease in PSII activity, which was most significant in the BL treatment in <i>hy4</i>. The most significant decreases in the contents of photosynthetic pigments, UV-absorbing pigments and anthocyanins under LDSC were observed only on BL in the mutant. Additionally, in all the variants, the transcript levels of genes encoding key antioxidant and involved in carotenoid and anthocyanin biosynthesis enzymes were lower in <i>hy4</i> than in the WT. Moreover, in all the treatment group HIL induced the accumulation of zeaxanthin and a decrease in the violaxanthin. It is assumed that the mechanisms used to counteract oxidative stress induced by HIL include the accumulation of pigments such as carotenoids and anthocyanins, as well as the mechanisms of zeaxanthin-related nonphotochemical quenching and the quenching through the accumulation of β-carotene. However, the contents of the pigments appear to play decisive roles in protecting the <i>Arabidopsis</i> photosynthetic apparatus from HIL.</p>","PeriodicalId":21477,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141513082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-02DOI: 10.1134/s1021443723602562
N. Lamsaadi, H. Ellouzi, W. Zorrig, A. El Moukhtari, C. Abdelly, A. Savouré, A. Debez, M. Farissi
Abstract
Salinity constrains the development and yield of valuable aromatic and medicinal plants, including fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.). Silicon (Si) is a promising strategy for managing salt stress. However, knowledge related to the effects of Si-seed priming on growth and yield of salt-stressed fenugreek under natural conditions are scarce. Hence, the present work aimed to investigate whether Si-seed priming (0–60 mM CaSiO3) could help to improve the performance of fenugreek when subjected to salt stress (100 and 150 mM NaCl). Findings show that salt stress significantly reduced germination related parameters and triggered an oxidative stress in fenugreek seedlings. However, Si priming was found to be effective in attenuating oxidative stress and enhancing germination parameters under salt stress. Indeed, the most pronounced effect was observed in primed seed with 20 mM Si. This concentration was then selected to assess the effect of Si priming on growth and yield in salt-stressed fenugreek grown under natural conditions. Si priming significantly enhanced plant biomass and yield-related parameters in salt-stressed plants as relative to non-primed plants. Interestingly, the biochemical characterization of harvested seeds revealed that Si priming not only improved growth and yield attributes but also enhanced the nutritional quality and antioxidant activity in harvested seed from salt-stressed plants. In summary, the results of this study provide compelling evidence that, as a promising and eco-friendly approach, Si-based seed priming mitigates the adverse effects of salinity on fenugreek growth and yield under natural conditions.
摘要 盐分限制了包括葫芦巴（Trigonella foenum-graecum L.）在内的珍贵芳香植物和药用植物的生长和产量。硅（Si）是管理盐胁迫的一种有前途的策略。然而，在自然条件下，有关硅-种子预处理对盐胁迫葫芦巴的生长和产量影响的知识还很少。因此，本研究旨在探讨在盐胁迫（100 和 150 毫摩尔氯化钠）条件下，Si-种子底物（0-60 毫摩尔 CaSiO3）是否有助于改善葫芦巴的表现。研究结果表明，盐胁迫会明显降低葫芦巴幼苗的发芽相关参数，并引发氧化胁迫。然而，在盐胁迫下，Si 引物能有效减轻氧化胁迫并提高发芽参数。事实上，用 20 mM Si 对种子进行催芽的效果最为明显。随后，我们选择了这一浓度来评估在自然条件下生长的盐胁迫葫芦巴种子中，硅引物对其生长和产量的影响。在盐胁迫植物中，相对于未添加 Si 的植物，添加 Si 能明显提高植物的生物量和产量相关参数。有趣的是，收获种子的生化特征显示，Si 引导不仅改善了生长和产量属性，还提高了盐胁迫植物收获种子的营养质量和抗氧化活性。总之，这项研究的结果提供了令人信服的证据，表明在自然条件下，以硅为基础的种子底肥可以减轻盐分对胡芦巴生长和产量的不利影响，是一种很有前途的生态友好型方法。
{"title":"Enhancing Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) Productivity and Seed Quality through Silicon-Based Seed Priming under Salt-Stressed Conditions","authors":"N. Lamsaadi, H. Ellouzi, W. Zorrig, A. El Moukhtari, C. Abdelly, A. Savouré, A. Debez, M. Farissi","doi":"10.1134/s1021443723602562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1021443723602562","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Salinity constrains the development and yield of valuable aromatic and medicinal plants, including fenugreek (<i>Trigonella foenum-graecum</i> L.). Silicon (Si) is a promising strategy for managing salt stress. However, knowledge related to the effects of Si-seed priming on growth and yield of salt-stressed fenugreek under natural conditions are scarce. Hence, the present work aimed to investigate whether Si-seed priming (0–60 mM CaSiO<sub>3</sub>) could help to improve the performance of fenugreek when subjected to salt stress (100 and 150 mM NaCl). Findings show that salt stress significantly reduced germination related parameters and triggered an oxidative stress in fenugreek seedlings. However, Si priming was found to be effective in attenuating oxidative stress and enhancing germination parameters under salt stress. Indeed, the most pronounced effect was observed in primed seed with 20 mM Si. This concentration was then selected to assess the effect of Si priming on growth and yield in salt-stressed fenugreek grown under natural conditions. Si priming significantly enhanced plant biomass and yield-related parameters in salt-stressed plants as relative to non-primed plants. Interestingly, the biochemical characterization of harvested seeds revealed that Si priming not only improved growth and yield attributes but also enhanced the nutritional quality and antioxidant activity in harvested seed from salt-stressed plants. In summary, the results of this study provide compelling evidence that, as a promising and eco-friendly approach, Si-based seed priming mitigates the adverse effects of salinity on fenugreek growth and yield under natural conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":21477,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141513083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-02DOI: 10.1134/s1021443724603938
Z. H. Xu, Y. D. Zhao
Abstract
The net CO2 exchange rate, a pivotal plant physiology metric representing the carbon sequestration and release capacity of individual trees, is crucial for unraveling the underlying mechanisms of plant growth, carbon balance dynamics and environmental adaptability. This study focused on optimizing the static assimilation chamber to facilitate automated and long-term acquisition of the net CO2 exchange rate in individual standing tree, with the entire Radermachera sinica as the research object. Concurrently, we monitored environmental factors and stem water content; Notably, a proprietary stem water content sensor was innovatively employed to capture the internal water dynamics within stem tissue; While the Internet of Things (IoT) technology was leveraged to establish a monitoring system for the net CO2 exchange rate of individual standing tree. Initially, we conducted an exploratory analysis on the characteristics of the net CO2 exchange rate by integrating stem water content under distinct watering conditions, and uncovered interplay between plant carbon sequestration capacity and internal water dynamics. Subsequently, machine learning models, including the support vector machine (SVM), backpropagation (BP) neural network, and random forest (RF) algorithms, were developed to predict the net CO2 exchange rate. The results revealed that under normal watering conditions, the net CO2 exchange rate exhibited diurnal U-shaped variations, generally transitioning from positive to negative in the morning and vice versa in the evening, with daily carbon sequestration remaining negative. Under drought stress and subsequent rehydration, the net CO2 exchange rate demonstrated a gradual reduction, followed by disruption, and eventual recovery, resulting in the daily carbon sequestration transitioning from negative to positive, then back to negative. A significant positive correlation was observed between the net CO2 exchange rate and stem water content change rate; In most cases, positive or zero stem water content change rate corresponded to carbon release, whereas negative change rate indicated carbon absorption. The RF model exhibited superior predictive accuracy, displaying strong agreement between predicted and actual values. Specifically, under normal watering conditions, the RF model achieved Root mean square error (RMSE), coefficient of determination (R2), and mean absolute error (MAE) values of 1.356, 0.8576 and 0.9257%, respectively; Under drought stress and subsequent rehydration, corresponding values were 1.4567, 0.8436, and 1.0258%, respectively.
{"title":"Study on Monitoring Methods for Net CO2 Exchange Rate of Individual Standing Tree","authors":"Z. H. Xu, Y. D. Zhao","doi":"10.1134/s1021443724603938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1021443724603938","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The net CO<sub>2</sub> exchange rate, a pivotal plant physiology metric representing the carbon sequestration and release capacity of individual trees, is crucial for unraveling the underlying mechanisms of plant growth, carbon balance dynamics and environmental adaptability. This study focused on optimizing the static assimilation chamber to facilitate automated and long-term acquisition of the net CO<sub>2</sub> exchange rate in individual standing tree, with the entire <i>Radermachera sinica</i> as the research object. Concurrently, we monitored environmental factors and stem water content; Notably, a proprietary stem water content sensor was innovatively employed to capture the internal water dynamics within stem tissue; While the Internet of Things (IoT) technology was leveraged to establish a monitoring system for the net CO<sub>2</sub> exchange rate of individual standing tree. Initially, we conducted an exploratory analysis on the characteristics of the net CO<sub>2</sub> exchange rate by integrating stem water content under distinct watering conditions, and uncovered interplay between plant carbon sequestration capacity and internal water dynamics. Subsequently, machine learning models, including the support vector machine (SVM), backpropagation (BP) neural network, and random forest (RF) algorithms, were developed to predict the net CO<sub>2</sub> exchange rate. The results revealed that under normal watering conditions, the net CO<sub>2</sub> exchange rate exhibited diurnal U-shaped variations, generally transitioning from positive to negative in the morning and vice versa in the evening, with daily carbon sequestration remaining negative. Under drought stress and subsequent rehydration, the net CO<sub>2</sub> exchange rate demonstrated a gradual reduction, followed by disruption, and eventual recovery, resulting in the daily carbon sequestration transitioning from negative to positive, then back to negative. A significant positive correlation was observed between the net CO<sub>2</sub> exchange rate and stem water content change rate; In most cases, positive or zero stem water content change rate corresponded to carbon release, whereas negative change rate indicated carbon absorption. The RF model exhibited superior predictive accuracy, displaying strong agreement between predicted and actual values. Specifically, under normal watering conditions, the RF model achieved Root mean square error (RMSE), coefficient of determination (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup>), and mean absolute error (MAE) values of 1.356, 0.8576 and 0.9257%, respectively; Under drought stress and subsequent rehydration, corresponding values were 1.4567, 0.8436, and 1.0258%, respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":21477,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":"187 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141513089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-02DOI: 10.1134/s1021443724603975
M. L. Hadid, T. A. Abd El-Mageed, K. M. A. Ramadan, H. S. El-Beltagi, K. M. Alwutayd, K. A. Hemida, T. A. Shalaby, M. I. Al-daej, H. S. Saudy, O. A. A. I. Al-Elwany
Abstract
Despite soil salinity is one of the prime abiotic stresses, exploiting the saline soils for the agricultural production will increase in the forthcoming decades to fulfill the human food requirements. Of course, the induction of crop tolerance to salt stress will share in plant growth enhancement and keeping productivity. The current study aimed to assess the influence of soil amendments (gypsum, GP and humic acid, HA) and vitamin B6 (pyridoxine-HCl), levels on growth, yield traits and bioactive compounds of coriander plants grown in salt-affected soil. GP and HA, whether individual or in combination, at a rate of 500 and 20 kg/ha, respectively, were applied under spraying of B6 at three levels of at 0.0, 150, 300 µM. The experiment was performed in a strip-plot arrangement under randomized complete blocks design using three replications. Findings illustrated the increases in umbels number/plant, umblets number/plant, seed counts/umbels, and seed yield/plant due to applying GP + HA × B6-leafy applied at 300 µM were 150.3, 117.9, 157.4, and 237.8%, respectively. GP + HA mixture with spraying 300 µM B6 possessed the lowest values of H2O2 and malondialdehyde (by 1.78 and 0.12 µmol/g FW, orderly), in relative to the control. As well, the highest significant percentages of TSS, SPC, FAA, and FProC were obtained from the combination of GP + HA mixture × 300 µM B6. Coriander plants received 300 µM B6 and amended with GP + HA mixture gave the greatest N, P and K+ and the lowest Na+ contents. Briefly, cultivating coriander plants in salty soils requires compatible agricultural practices via soil amendments plus exogenous application of vitamins. Herein, soil addition of gypsum + humic acid with foliar application of vitamin B6 could be a recommended practice in managing coriander production under saline soil conditions.
摘要尽管土壤盐渍化是主要的非生物胁迫之一，但为了满足人类对食物的需求，未来几十年利用盐碱地进行农业生产的情况将会增加。当然，诱导作物对盐胁迫的耐受性将有助于促进植物生长和保持生产力。本研究旨在评估土壤改良剂（石膏、GP 和腐植酸）和维生素 B6（吡哆醇-HCl）水平对生长在受盐影响土壤中的芫荽植物的生长、产量性状和生物活性化合物的影响。在喷洒 0.0、150 和 300 µM 三种水平的维生素 B6 的情况下，分别以每公顷 500 和 20 公斤的剂量施用 GP 和 HA（无论是单独施用还是混合施用）。试验采用随机完全区组设计下的条块式排列，三次重复。研究结果表明，施用 300 µM 的 GP + HA × B6-leafy 后，伞形花序数/株、颖果数/株、种子数/伞形花序和种子产量/株的增幅分别为 150.3%、117.9%、157.4% 和 237.8%。与对照相比，喷洒 300 µM B6 的 GP + HA 混合物的 H2O2 和丙二醛值最低（分别为 1.78 µmol/g FW 和 0.12 µmol/gFW）。此外，GP + HA 混合物 × 300 µM B6 组合的 TSS、SPC、FAA 和 FProC 显著百分比最高。接受 300 µM B6 并用 GP + HA 混合物添加的芫荽植株的 N、P 和 K+含量最高，Na+含量最低。简而言之，在含盐土壤中栽培芫荽植物需要通过土壤改良和外源施用维生素等农业措施来实现。因此，在盐碱地条件下管理芫荽生产时，建议在土壤中添加石膏和腐植酸，同时叶面喷施维生素 B6。
{"title":"Pyridoxine-HCl Plus Gypsum and Humic Acid Reinforce Salinity Tolerance of Coriander Plants with Boosting Yield and Modifying Oil Fractionations","authors":"M. L. Hadid, T. A. Abd El-Mageed, K. M. A. Ramadan, H. S. El-Beltagi, K. M. Alwutayd, K. A. Hemida, T. A. Shalaby, M. I. Al-daej, H. S. Saudy, O. A. A. I. Al-Elwany","doi":"10.1134/s1021443724603975","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1021443724603975","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Despite soil salinity is one of the prime abiotic stresses, exploiting the saline soils for the agricultural production will increase in the forthcoming decades to fulfill the human food requirements. Of course, the induction of crop tolerance to salt stress will share in plant growth enhancement and keeping productivity. The current study aimed to assess the influence of soil amendments (gypsum, GP and humic acid, HA) and vitamin B6 (pyridoxine-HCl), levels on growth, yield traits and bioactive compounds of coriander plants grown in salt-affected soil. GP and HA, whether individual or in combination, at a rate of 500 and 20 kg/ha, respectively, were applied under spraying of B6 at three levels of at 0.0, 150, 300 µM. The experiment was performed in a strip-plot arrangement under randomized complete blocks design using three replications. Findings illustrated the increases in umbels number/plant, umblets number/plant, seed counts/umbels, and seed yield/plant due to applying GP + HA × B6-leafy applied at 300 µM were 150.3, 117.9, 157.4, and 237.8%, respectively. GP + HA mixture with spraying 300 µM B6 possessed the lowest values of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and malondialdehyde (by 1.78 and 0.12 µmol/g FW, orderly), in relative to the control. As well, the highest significant percentages of TSS, SPC, FAA, and FProC were obtained from the combination of GP + HA mixture × 300 µM B6. Coriander plants received 300 µM B6 and amended with GP + HA mixture gave the greatest N, P and K<sup>+</sup> and the lowest Na<sup>+</sup> contents. Briefly, cultivating coriander plants in salty soils requires compatible agricultural practices via soil amendments plus exogenous application of vitamins. Herein, soil addition of gypsum + humic acid with foliar application of vitamin B6 could be a recommended practice in managing coriander production under saline soil conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":21477,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":"187 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141513115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-02DOI: 10.1134/s1021443723603518
T. Jafari, Alireza Iranbakhsh, K. Kamali Aliabad, F. Daneshmand, S. E. Seifati
Abstract
This study explored whether the exogenously applied nitric oxide (NO; 25 µM for 12 times with 7 days intervals) triggers variations in growth, physiological traits, and molecular characteristics in quinoa Chenopodium quinoa seedlings under two electrical conductivity (EC) conditions, including 1.5 and 8 dS/m. The foliar application of NO not only increased the number of leaves produced and the biomass of the shoots under the low EC conditions, but also mitigated the risk associated with the high EC conditions. Higher proline levels were recorded in both the leaves and the roots of plants treated with NO and/or salinity among which the (NO + salinity) group had the highest amount. Both NO and high EC treatments contributed to the reduction of the saponin metabolite concentration. The highest activity of the PAL enzyme was recorded in NO-treated seedlings cultivated under high EC conditions. Total soluble phenolic and flavonoid content exhibited a similar trend to that of the PAL activity in response to the NO treatments under two EC conditions. The NO or saline treatments individually up-regulated the WRKY transcription factor by an average of 4.2-fold, while the NO treatment under the saline medium led to a drastic increase (9.7-fold) in the expression of this gene. The bZIP gene also showed a similar trend as the WRKY transcription factor gene. According to the statistical analysis, the saponin content was negatively correlated with the expression of the evaluated genes (WRKY and bZIP). In conclusion, NO confers salinity resistance and may improve the quality of quinoa-based foods by reducing saponin accumulation.
摘要 本研究探讨了外源施用一氧化氮（NO；25 µM，12次，每次间隔7天）是否会引发藜麦幼苗在两种电导率（EC）条件下（包括1.5和8 dS/m）的生长、生理性状和分子特征的变化。在低导电率条件下，叶面喷施 NO 不仅能增加叶片数量和嫩枝生物量，还能降低高导电率条件下的相关风险。经 NO 和/或盐度处理的植物，其叶片和根部的脯氨酸含量都较高，其中 NO + 盐度组的脯氨酸含量最高。氮氧化物和高欧共体处理都有助于降低皂素代谢物的浓度。在高导电率条件下培育的经 NO 处理的幼苗中，PAL 酶的活性最高。在两种 EC 条件下，总可溶性酚类和类黄酮含量与 PAL 活性对 NO 处理的反应趋势相似。NO 或盐水处理单独上调了 WRKY 转录因子，平均上调幅度为 4.2 倍，而在盐水培养基下 NO 处理导致该基因表达量剧增（9.7 倍）。bZIP 基因也表现出与 WRKY 转录因子基因类似的趋势。根据统计分析，皂素含量与评估基因（WRKY 和 bZIP）的表达呈负相关。总之，NO 可赋予藜麦抗盐能力，并可通过减少皂素积累来提高藜麦食品的质量。
{"title":"Nitric Oxide Reduced Saponin Metabolite in Chenopodium quinoa Seedlings Cultivated under Salinity","authors":"T. Jafari, Alireza Iranbakhsh, K. Kamali Aliabad, F. Daneshmand, S. E. Seifati","doi":"10.1134/s1021443723603518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1021443723603518","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>This study explored whether the exogenously applied nitric oxide (NO; 25 µM for 12 times with 7 days intervals) triggers variations in growth, physiological traits, and molecular characteristics in quinoa <i>Chenopodium quinoa</i> seedlings under two electrical conductivity (EC) conditions, including 1.5 and 8 dS/m. The foliar application of NO not only increased the number of leaves produced and the biomass of the shoots under the low EC conditions, but also mitigated the risk associated with the high EC conditions. Higher proline levels were recorded in both the leaves and the roots of plants treated with NO and/or salinity among which the (NO + salinity) group had the highest amount. Both NO and high EC treatments contributed to the reduction of the saponin metabolite concentration. The highest activity of the PAL enzyme was recorded in NO-treated seedlings cultivated under high EC conditions. Total soluble phenolic and flavonoid content exhibited a similar trend to that of the PAL activity in response to the NO treatments under two EC conditions. The NO or saline treatments individually up-regulated the <i>WRKY</i> transcription factor by an average of 4.2-fold, while the NO treatment under the saline medium led to a drastic increase (9.7-fold) in the expression of this gene. The <i>bZIP</i> gene also showed a similar trend as the <i>WRKY</i> transcription factor gene. According to the statistical analysis, the saponin content was negatively correlated with the expression of the evaluated genes (<i>WRKY</i> and <i>bZIP</i>). In conclusion, NO confers salinity resistance and may improve the quality of quinoa-based foods by reducing saponin accumulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":21477,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":"165 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141513079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-02DOI: 10.1134/s1021443724603963
A.-S. Nikkhoye-Tanha, R. Maali-Amiri, A. M. Naji, A. Rezaei, F. Eshaghi-Gorji, B. Sadeghzadeh, A. Abbasi
Abstract
Cold response in plants is mediated by metabolic adjustments of hormones and defense systems which support survival, growth, and crop productivity. Hence, a comparative analysis of metaboliteschangewas conducted in conjunction with oxidative damages in two chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes differing in cold-tolerance (Sel96th11439 and ILC533) during coldstress (4°C). In sensitive genotype, cold stress increased H2O2 and MDA contents by 47 and 57%, respectively, without any significant changes in tolerant genotype. During stress, unlike the tolerant genotype, the growth of sensitive genotype was markedly inhibited (by 11%) compared to control conditions. During the initial stages of cold responses, ABA content in tolerant genotype reached its peak, showing 77% increase 3 days post stress (dps), whereas the sensitive genotype showed 20% raise 6 dps. Gibberellin (GA) content in the tolerant genotype was 16% higher than the sensitive genotype 1 dps. Compared to control conditions, indole acetic acid (IAA) content attained its maximum level in tolerant and sensitive genotypes at 1 and 6 dps, respectively. 15% increase in phenol compoundsin tolerant genotype was concomitant with heightened antioxidant capacity, as well as increased in flavonoid and anthocyanin contents by 46, 75 and 200% respectively. At 6 dps, a significant increase in transcript levels of chalcone synthase (15.3-fold), phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (3.5-fold), and DELLA (4.2-fold) genes were observed in tolerant genotype at 6 dps. It can be concluded that ability to develop defense responses towards cold stress was related to integrating time-dependent co-regulation patterns of hormone-metabolites with effective stability of plant pigments and growth.
{"title":"Cold Responses Related to Abscisic Acid, Gibberellin and Indole Acetic Acid and Non-Enzymatic Antioxidants in Chickpea","authors":"A.-S. Nikkhoye-Tanha, R. Maali-Amiri, A. M. Naji, A. Rezaei, F. Eshaghi-Gorji, B. Sadeghzadeh, A. Abbasi","doi":"10.1134/s1021443724603963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1021443724603963","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Cold response in plants is mediated by metabolic adjustments of hormones and defense systems which support survival, growth, and crop productivity. Hence, a comparative analysis of metaboliteschangewas conducted in conjunction with oxidative damages in two chickpea (<i>Cicer arietinum</i> L.) genotypes differing in cold-tolerance (Sel96th11439 and ILC533) during coldstress (4°C). In sensitive genotype, cold stress increased H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and MDA contents by 47 and 57%, respectively, without any significant changes in tolerant genotype. During stress, unlike the tolerant genotype, the growth of sensitive genotype was markedly inhibited (by 11%) compared to control conditions. During the initial stages of cold responses, ABA content in tolerant genotype reached its peak, showing 77% increase 3 days post stress (dps), whereas the sensitive genotype showed 20% raise 6 dps. Gibberellin (GA) content in the tolerant genotype was 16% higher than the sensitive genotype 1 dps. Compared to control conditions, indole acetic acid (IAA) content attained its maximum level in tolerant and sensitive genotypes at 1 and 6 dps, respectively. 15% increase in phenol compoundsin tolerant genotype was concomitant with heightened antioxidant capacity, as well as increased in flavonoid and anthocyanin contents by 46, 75 and 200% respectively. At 6 dps, a significant increase in transcript levels of chalcone synthase (15.3-fold), phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (3.5-fold), and <i>DELLA</i> (4.2-fold) genes were observed in tolerant genotype at 6 dps. It can be concluded that ability to develop defense responses towards cold stress was related to integrating time-dependent co-regulation patterns of hormone-metabolites with effective stability of plant pigments and growth.</p>","PeriodicalId":21477,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141513086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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