Pub Date : 2024-05-01Epub Date: 2024-03-14DOI: 10.5271/sjweh.4152
Alexander Jahn, Johan Hviid Andersen, Andreas Seidler, David Høyrup Christiansen, Annett Dalbøge
Objectives: The aim was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis investigating the association between occupational mechanical exposures and hip osteoarthritis.
Methods: The study was registered in PROSPERO. A systematic literature search was conducted in six databases to identify relevant articles. Two authors independently excluded articles, extracted data, assessed the risk of bias of each included article, and graded the level of evidence. We conducted a meta-analysis using random-effects model and performed a sensitivity analysis stratifying articles based on the risk of bias assessment, study design, and the outcome measurement.
Results: Twenty-four articles were eligible for inclusion. The highest pooled odds ratio (OR) was found for combined mechanical exposures [OR 1.7, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.4-2.0], non-neutral postures (OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.4-2.1), lifting/carrying loads (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.3-1.9), and climbing stairs (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.1-2.2). The range of pooled OR for the remaining mechanical exposures (eg, standing, walking, kneeling, squatting, and sitting) was 0.6-1.6. Grading the quality of evidence, a moderate level of evidence was found for the combined mechanical exposures and for lifting/carrying loads. The remaining exposure categories were graded as having either low or very low levels of evidence.
Conclusions: Considerable heterogeneity was observed across the included studies, and high-quality literature using objective exposure measurements is warranted. Despite various limitations affecting the comparability, occupational mechanical exposures seem to influence the likelihood of developing hip osteoarthritis.
{"title":"Hip osteoarthritis and occupational mechanical exposures: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Alexander Jahn, Johan Hviid Andersen, Andreas Seidler, David Høyrup Christiansen, Annett Dalbøge","doi":"10.5271/sjweh.4152","DOIUrl":"10.5271/sjweh.4152","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis investigating the association between occupational mechanical exposures and hip osteoarthritis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was registered in PROSPERO. A systematic literature search was conducted in six databases to identify relevant articles. Two authors independently excluded articles, extracted data, assessed the risk of bias of each included article, and graded the level of evidence. We conducted a meta-analysis using random-effects model and performed a sensitivity analysis stratifying articles based on the risk of bias assessment, study design, and the outcome measurement.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-four articles were eligible for inclusion. The highest pooled odds ratio (OR) was found for combined mechanical exposures [OR 1.7, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.4-2.0], non-neutral postures (OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.4-2.1), lifting/carrying loads (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.3-1.9), and climbing stairs (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.1-2.2). The range of pooled OR for the remaining mechanical exposures (eg, standing, walking, kneeling, squatting, and sitting) was 0.6-1.6. Grading the quality of evidence, a moderate level of evidence was found for the combined mechanical exposures and for lifting/carrying loads. The remaining exposure categories were graded as having either low or very low levels of evidence.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Considerable heterogeneity was observed across the included studies, and high-quality literature using objective exposure measurements is warranted. Despite various limitations affecting the comparability, occupational mechanical exposures seem to influence the likelihood of developing hip osteoarthritis.</p>","PeriodicalId":21528,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11129821/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140120468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives: Long working hours and overwork are growing public health concerns in the Western-Pacific region. We explored the relationship between working hours and smoking behaviors of Korean workers.
Methods: This study included 284 782 observations (50 508 workers) from four nationwide cohort studies in Korea. Using generalized estimating equations, we estimated the associations of working hours with current smoking status, smoking initiation, and smoking cessation within each cohort. Cohort-specific estimates were combined through random-effect meta-analysis. Effect sizes were presented as odds ratios (OR) and 95 confidence intervals (CI).
Results: The overall smoking prevalence was 26.8% within the cohorts. The adjusted OR (95% CI) of the association between working hours and current smoking were 1.01 (0.94-1.08) for <35 hours/week, 1.04 (1.01-1.09) for 41-48 hours/week, 1.06 (1.01-1.10) for 49-54 hours/week, and 1.07 (1.04-1.10) for ≥55 hours/week compared with 35-40 hours/week. The adjusted OR (95% CI) of the association between working hours and smoking cessation in the follow-up were 0.93 (0.85-1.02) for <35 hours/week, 0.89 (0.83-0.96) for 41-48 hours/week, 0.87 (0.81-0.95) for 48-54 hours/week, and 0.91 (0.85-0.98) for ≥55 hours/week compared with 35-40 hours/week. No clear associations were observed between working hours and smoking initiation.
Conclusion: Long working hours are associated with high current smoking risk and reduced likelihood of smoking cessation among Korean workers. Policy interventions are required to promote smoking cessation and reduce excess overwork for individuals experiencing long working hours.
{"title":"Relationship between long working hours and smoking behaviors: Evidence from population-based cohort studies in Korea.","authors":"Seong-Uk Baek, Myeong-Hun Lim, Taeyeon Kim, Yu-Min Lee, Jong-Uk Won, Jin-Ha Yoon","doi":"10.5271/sjweh.4147","DOIUrl":"10.5271/sjweh.4147","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Long working hours and overwork are growing public health concerns in the Western-Pacific region. We explored the relationship between working hours and smoking behaviors of Korean workers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 284 782 observations (50 508 workers) from four nationwide cohort studies in Korea. Using generalized estimating equations, we estimated the associations of working hours with current smoking status, smoking initiation, and smoking cessation within each cohort. Cohort-specific estimates were combined through random-effect meta-analysis. Effect sizes were presented as odds ratios (OR) and 95 confidence intervals (CI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall smoking prevalence was 26.8% within the cohorts. The adjusted OR (95% CI) of the association between working hours and current smoking were 1.01 (0.94-1.08) for <35 hours/week, 1.04 (1.01-1.09) for 41-48 hours/week, 1.06 (1.01-1.10) for 49-54 hours/week, and 1.07 (1.04-1.10) for ≥55 hours/week compared with 35-40 hours/week. The adjusted OR (95% CI) of the association between working hours and smoking cessation in the follow-up were 0.93 (0.85-1.02) for <35 hours/week, 0.89 (0.83-0.96) for 41-48 hours/week, 0.87 (0.81-0.95) for 48-54 hours/week, and 0.91 (0.85-0.98) for ≥55 hours/week compared with 35-40 hours/week. No clear associations were observed between working hours and smoking initiation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Long working hours are associated with high current smoking risk and reduced likelihood of smoking cessation among Korean workers. Policy interventions are required to promote smoking cessation and reduce excess overwork for individuals experiencing long working hours.</p>","PeriodicalId":21528,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11129822/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140144015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-01Epub Date: 2024-03-18DOI: 10.5271/sjweh.4157
Mikko Härmä, Göran Kecklund, Philip Tucker
Objective: This paper discusses the past and present highlights of working hours and health research and identifies key research needs for the future.
Method: We analyzed over 220 original articles and reviews on working hours and health in the Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health published during the last 50 years. Key publications from other journals were also included.
Results: The majority of identified articles focussed on the effects of shift and night work, with fewer studying long and reduced working hours and work time control. We observed a transition from small-scale experimental and intensive field studies to large-scale epidemiological studies utilizing precise exposure assessment, reflecting the recent emergence of register-based datasets and the development of analytic methods and alternative study designs for randomized controlled designs. The cumulative findings provide convincing evidence that shift work and long working hours, which are often associated with night work and insufficient recovery, increase the risk of poor sleep and fatigue, sickness absence, occupational injuries, and several chronic health conditions such as cardiovascular diseases and cancer. The observed risks are strongly modified by individual and work-related factors.
Conclusions: Although the observed health risks of shift work and long working hours are mostly low or moderate, the widespread prevalence of exposure and the hazardousness of the many associated potential outcomes makes such working time arrangements major occupational health risks. Further research is needed to identify exposure-response associations, especially in relation to the chronic health effects, and to elucidate underlying pathways and effective personalized intervention strategies.
{"title":"Working hours and health - key research topics in the past and future.","authors":"Mikko Härmä, Göran Kecklund, Philip Tucker","doi":"10.5271/sjweh.4157","DOIUrl":"10.5271/sjweh.4157","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This paper discusses the past and present highlights of working hours and health research and identifies key research needs for the future.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We analyzed over 220 original articles and reviews on working hours and health in the Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health published during the last 50 years. Key publications from other journals were also included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The majority of identified articles focussed on the effects of shift and night work, with fewer studying long and reduced working hours and work time control. We observed a transition from small-scale experimental and intensive field studies to large-scale epidemiological studies utilizing precise exposure assessment, reflecting the recent emergence of register-based datasets and the development of analytic methods and alternative study designs for randomized controlled designs. The cumulative findings provide convincing evidence that shift work and long working hours, which are often associated with night work and insufficient recovery, increase the risk of poor sleep and fatigue, sickness absence, occupational injuries, and several chronic health conditions such as cardiovascular diseases and cancer. The observed risks are strongly modified by individual and work-related factors.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although the observed health risks of shift work and long working hours are mostly low or moderate, the widespread prevalence of exposure and the hazardousness of the many associated potential outcomes makes such working time arrangements major occupational health risks. Further research is needed to identify exposure-response associations, especially in relation to the chronic health effects, and to elucidate underlying pathways and effective personalized intervention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":21528,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11129786/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140144017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Climate emergency and decent work.","authors":"Fernando G. Benavides, G. Delclos","doi":"10.5271/sjweh.4162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5271/sjweh.4162","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21528,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140710233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Guth, Corinne Pilorget, Marie Lefevre, Astrid Coste, A. Danjou, B. Dananché, D. Praud, O. Pérol, Myriam Daudin, Marie-Ange Clarotti, Stéphanie Lattes, Céline Bouillon, Adèle Paul, J. Schüz, Louis Bujan, A. Olsson, Béatrice Fervers, B. Charbotel
OBJECTIVES Etiological factors of testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT) remain largely unknown, but a causal role of occupational exposures to solvents has been suggested. Previous studies analyzing these exposures reported discordant results, potentially related to exposure assessment methods. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of occupational exposure to solvents on the risk of developing TGCT among young men. METHODS This study examined occupational exposures to solvents and TGCT risk based on the lifetime work histories of 454 cases and 670 controls, aged 18-45 years, of the French national TESTIS case-control study. Solvent exposure was estimated using: (i) exposure assignment by job-exposure matrix (JEM) and (ii) JEM combined with self-reported exposure data from specific questionnaires (SQ) and expert assessment (EA). Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using conditional logistic regression models. RESULTS Both approaches (JEM and JEM+SQ+EA) showed a consistent association between TGCT and trichloroethylene exposure (exposed versus not exposed; JEM=OR 1.80 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.12-2.90] and JEM+SQ+EA= OR 2.59 (95% CI 1.42-4.72). Both approaches also observed positive associations with ketone esters and fuels & petroleum-based solvents. CONCLUSION The results suggest that some organic solvents might be involved in the pathogenesis of TGCT among occupationally exposed men. The combined use of JEM+SQ+EA seemed to limit misclassification by considering individual exposure variability and is, therefore, an appealing approach to assess occupational exposures in epidemiological studies.
{"title":"Occupational exposure to organic solvents and the risk of developing testicular germ cell tumors (TESTIS study): Effect of combined exposure assessment on risk estimation.","authors":"M. Guth, Corinne Pilorget, Marie Lefevre, Astrid Coste, A. Danjou, B. Dananché, D. Praud, O. Pérol, Myriam Daudin, Marie-Ange Clarotti, Stéphanie Lattes, Céline Bouillon, Adèle Paul, J. Schüz, Louis Bujan, A. Olsson, Béatrice Fervers, B. Charbotel","doi":"10.5271/sjweh.4161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5271/sjweh.4161","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVES\u0000Etiological factors of testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT) remain largely unknown, but a causal role of occupational exposures to solvents has been suggested. Previous studies analyzing these exposures reported discordant results, potentially related to exposure assessment methods. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of occupational exposure to solvents on the risk of developing TGCT among young men.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000This study examined occupational exposures to solvents and TGCT risk based on the lifetime work histories of 454 cases and 670 controls, aged 18-45 years, of the French national TESTIS case-control study. Solvent exposure was estimated using: (i) exposure assignment by job-exposure matrix (JEM) and (ii) JEM combined with self-reported exposure data from specific questionnaires (SQ) and expert assessment (EA). Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using conditional logistic regression models.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Both approaches (JEM and JEM+SQ+EA) showed a consistent association between TGCT and trichloroethylene exposure (exposed versus not exposed; JEM=OR 1.80 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.12-2.90] and JEM+SQ+EA= OR 2.59 (95% CI 1.42-4.72). Both approaches also observed positive associations with ketone esters and fuels & petroleum-based solvents.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000The results suggest that some organic solvents might be involved in the pathogenesis of TGCT among occupationally exposed men. The combined use of JEM+SQ+EA seemed to limit misclassification by considering individual exposure variability and is, therefore, an appealing approach to assess occupational exposures in epidemiological studies.","PeriodicalId":21528,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140718117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Iversen, J. Vestergaard, J. Ohlander, Susan Peters, Elisabeth Bendstrup, J. Bonde, Vivi Schlünssen, J. Bønløkke, F. Rasmussen, Z. Stokholm, M. B. Andersen, H. Kromhout, H. Kolstad
OBJECTIVES The association between asbestos exposure and asbestosis in high-exposed industrial cohorts is well-known, but there is a lack of knowledge about the exposure-response relationship for asbestosis in a general working population setting. We examined the exposure-response relationship between occupational asbestos exposure and asbestosis in asbestos-exposed workers of the Danish general working population. METHODS We followed all asbestos-exposed workers from 1979 to 2015 and identified incident cases of asbestosis using the Danish National Patient Register. Individual asbestos exposure was estimated with a quantitative job exposure matrix (SYN-JEM) from 1976 onwards and back-extrapolated to age 16 for those exposed in 1976. Exposure-response relations for cumulative exposure and other exposure metrics were analyzed using a discrete time hazard model and adjusted for potential confounders. RESULTS The range of cumulative exposure in the population was 0.001 to 18 fibers per milliliter-year (f/ml-year). We found increasing incidence rate ratios (IRR) of asbestosis with increasing cumulative asbestos exposure with a fully adjusted IRR per 1 f/ml-years of 1.18 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.15- -1.22]. The IRR was 1.94 (95% CI 1.53-2.47) in the highest compared to the lowest exposure tertile. We similarly observed increasing risk with increasing cumulative exposure in the inception population. CONCLUSIONS This study found exposure-response relations between cumulative asbestos exposure and incident asbestosis in the Danish general working population with mainly low-level exposed occupations, but there is some uncertainty regarding the exposure levels.
{"title":"The asbestos-asbestosis exposure-response relationship: a cohort study of the general working population.","authors":"I. Iversen, J. Vestergaard, J. Ohlander, Susan Peters, Elisabeth Bendstrup, J. Bonde, Vivi Schlünssen, J. Bønløkke, F. Rasmussen, Z. Stokholm, M. B. Andersen, H. Kromhout, H. Kolstad","doi":"10.5271/sjweh.4153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5271/sjweh.4153","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVES\u0000The association between asbestos exposure and asbestosis in high-exposed industrial cohorts is well-known, but there is a lack of knowledge about the exposure-response relationship for asbestosis in a general working population setting. We examined the exposure-response relationship between occupational asbestos exposure and asbestosis in asbestos-exposed workers of the Danish general working population.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000We followed all asbestos-exposed workers from 1979 to 2015 and identified incident cases of asbestosis using the Danish National Patient Register. Individual asbestos exposure was estimated with a quantitative job exposure matrix (SYN-JEM) from 1976 onwards and back-extrapolated to age 16 for those exposed in 1976. Exposure-response relations for cumulative exposure and other exposure metrics were analyzed using a discrete time hazard model and adjusted for potential confounders.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000The range of cumulative exposure in the population was 0.001 to 18 fibers per milliliter-year (f/ml-year). We found increasing incidence rate ratios (IRR) of asbestosis with increasing cumulative asbestos exposure with a fully adjusted IRR per 1 f/ml-years of 1.18 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.15- -1.22]. The IRR was 1.94 (95% CI 1.53-2.47) in the highest compared to the lowest exposure tertile. We similarly observed increasing risk with increasing cumulative exposure in the inception population.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000This study found exposure-response relations between cumulative asbestos exposure and incident asbestosis in the Danish general working population with mainly low-level exposed occupations, but there is some uncertainty regarding the exposure levels.","PeriodicalId":21528,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140742440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Max Rohrbacher, H. Hasselhorn, Nuria Matilla-Santander
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to investigate the longitudinal association between multi-dimensionally measured precarious employment (PE) trajectories and mental health among older employees in Germany. METHODS Current data from the German lidA study was used, including panel cases, who participated in all four survey waves (2011, 2014, 2018, 2022). The study comprised 1636 subjects, aged 46 and 52 years at baseline. Group-based trajectory modelling was used to model PE trajectories based on a score combining multiple items from the dimensions employment insecurity and income inadequacy. The association between PE trajectories (2011-2022) and mental health (2022) was tested using weighted logistic regression. RESULTS We identified a PE trajectory with upward movement that best described 13.6% of the study sample. Representation in this group was socially unequally distributed with noticeably larger shares of female, lower-educated and lower-skilled workers in PE. Women following this trajectory had increased odds [odds ratio (OR) 1.68-1.82] of reporting poor mental health in 2022 compared to their counterparts in constant non-PE. This was not the case for men (OR 0.37-0.51). CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight horizontal and vertical inequalities with respect to exposure to and consequences of PE. Future labor market reforms should improve protection of women, who will likely be disadvantaged by accumulating employment-related mental health risks over the course of their lives.
目的本研究旨在调查德国老年雇员的多维度不稳定就业(PE)轨迹与心理健康之间的纵向联系。方法本研究使用了德国lidA研究的当前数据,其中包括参加了所有四次调查(2011年、2014年、2018年和2022年)的面板病例。研究对象共 1636 人,基线年龄分别为 46 岁和 52 岁。研究采用基于群体的轨迹模型,根据就业不稳定和收入不足两个维度多个项目的综合得分来模拟 PE 轨迹。通过加权逻辑回归法检验了 PE 轨迹(2011-2022 年)与心理健康(2022 年)之间的关联。结果我们发现,在研究样本中有 13.6% 的人的 PE 轨迹呈上升趋势。该群体的社会分布不均,女性、低学历和低技能工人在 PE 中的比例明显较高。与常年从事非 PE 工作的女性相比,从事 PE 工作的女性在 2022 年报告心理健康状况不佳的几率[几率比 (OR) 1.68-1.82]更高。结论我们的研究结果凸显了在遭受 PE 及其后果方面的横向和纵向不平等。未来的劳动力市场改革应加强对女性的保护,因为她们很可能会在一生中因积累与就业相关的心理健康风险而处于不利地位。
{"title":"Associations between precarious employment trajectories and mental health among older workers in Germany: Vertical and horizontal inequalities.","authors":"Max Rohrbacher, H. Hasselhorn, Nuria Matilla-Santander","doi":"10.5271/sjweh.4160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5271/sjweh.4160","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE\u0000The aim of the study was to investigate the longitudinal association between multi-dimensionally measured precarious employment (PE) trajectories and mental health among older employees in Germany.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000Current data from the German lidA study was used, including panel cases, who participated in all four survey waves (2011, 2014, 2018, 2022). The study comprised 1636 subjects, aged 46 and 52 years at baseline. Group-based trajectory modelling was used to model PE trajectories based on a score combining multiple items from the dimensions employment insecurity and income inadequacy. The association between PE trajectories (2011-2022) and mental health (2022) was tested using weighted logistic regression.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000We identified a PE trajectory with upward movement that best described 13.6% of the study sample. Representation in this group was socially unequally distributed with noticeably larger shares of female, lower-educated and lower-skilled workers in PE. Women following this trajectory had increased odds [odds ratio (OR) 1.68-1.82] of reporting poor mental health in 2022 compared to their counterparts in constant non-PE. This was not the case for men (OR 0.37-0.51).\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000Our findings highlight horizontal and vertical inequalities with respect to exposure to and consequences of PE. Future labor market reforms should improve protection of women, who will likely be disadvantaged by accumulating employment-related mental health risks over the course of their lives.","PeriodicalId":21528,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140744985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OBJECTIVES We aimed to evaluate the association between long working hours, night work, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) among young healthcare workers. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study among healthcare workers in a tertiary medical center in Taiwan from 2002 to 2021. Other than physicians, all hospital employees aged 20-65 years with documented yearly working hours and an annual blood test including creatinine were eligible. We excluded participants with eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m2 and proteinuria at enrollment to focus on early renal impairment. Total working hours, night working hours, and eGFR in each year were collected. We assessed the relationship of total working hours and night and non-night working hours with eGFR using the generalized linear mixed model, adjusting for demographic, comorbidities, and laboratory profiles. RESULTS The study included 10 677 participants with a mean age of 27.2 (standard deviation 7.1) years. The mean follow-up duration was 6.2 years. For every 10-hour increase in total weekly working hours, the eGFR decreased by 0.86 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.61-1.11] ml/min/1.73 m2. For every 10-hour increase in weekly night working hours, the eGFR decreased by 0.25 (95% CI 0.07-0.42) ml/min/1.73 m2. In stratified analysis, the negative associations between total working hours and eGFR remained in the subgroups of individuals aged <40 years and those without hypertension or diabetes, with a P-value for interaction of <0.05. CONCLUSIONS Longer working hours and night work were associated with lower eGFR among healthcare workers.
{"title":"Impaired kidney function among young healthcare workers with long working hours and night work.","authors":"W. Chen, H. Yang","doi":"10.5271/sjweh.4159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5271/sjweh.4159","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVES\u0000We aimed to evaluate the association between long working hours, night work, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) among young healthcare workers.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000We conducted a retrospective cohort study among healthcare workers in a tertiary medical center in Taiwan from 2002 to 2021. Other than physicians, all hospital employees aged 20-65 years with documented yearly working hours and an annual blood test including creatinine were eligible. We excluded participants with eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m2 and proteinuria at enrollment to focus on early renal impairment. Total working hours, night working hours, and eGFR in each year were collected. We assessed the relationship of total working hours and night and non-night working hours with eGFR using the generalized linear mixed model, adjusting for demographic, comorbidities, and laboratory profiles.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000The study included 10 677 participants with a mean age of 27.2 (standard deviation 7.1) years. The mean follow-up duration was 6.2 years. For every 10-hour increase in total weekly working hours, the eGFR decreased by 0.86 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.61-1.11] ml/min/1.73 m2. For every 10-hour increase in weekly night working hours, the eGFR decreased by 0.25 (95% CI 0.07-0.42) ml/min/1.73 m2. In stratified analysis, the negative associations between total working hours and eGFR remained in the subgroups of individuals aged <40 years and those without hypertension or diabetes, with a P-value for interaction of <0.05.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000Longer working hours and night work were associated with lower eGFR among healthcare workers.","PeriodicalId":21528,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140748922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01Epub Date: 2024-01-23DOI: 10.5271/sjweh.4139
Sylvia Jankowiak, Karin Rossnagel, Juliane Bauer, Andreas Schulz, Falk Liebers, Ute Latza, Karla Romero Starke, Andreas Seidler, Matthias Nübling, Merle Riechmann-Wolf, Stephan Letzel, Philipp Wild, Natalie Arnold, Manfred Beutel, Norbert Pfeiffer, Karl Lackner, Thomas Münzel, Alicia Schulze, Janice Hegewald
Objective: This study aimed to determine if there is an increased risk of incident cardiovascular diseases (CVD) resulting from cumulative night shift work in the German population-based Gutenberg Health Study (GHS).
Methods: We examined working participants of the GHS at baseline and after five years. Cumulative night shift work in the 10 years before baseline was assessed and categorized as low (1-220 nights ≙ up to 1 year), middle (221-660 nights ≙ 1-3 years), and high (>660 nights ≙ more than 3 years) night shift exposure. Hazard ratios (HR) were estimated for incident "quality-assured CVD events" using Cox proportional hazard models.
Results: At baseline, 1092 of 8167 working participants performed night shift work. During the follow-up, 202 incident cardiovascular events occurred. The crude incidence rates for CVD per 1000 person-years were 6.88 [95% confidence interval (CI) 4.80-9.55] for night shift workers and 5.19 (95% CI 4.44-6.04) for day workers. Cumulative incidence curves showed a higher cumulative incidence in workers exposed to night shift work compared to day workers after five years. The adjusted HR for incident CVD events were 1.26 (95% CI 0.68-2.33), 1.37 (95% CI 0.74-2.53) and 1.19 (95% CI 0.67-2.12) for employees in the low, middle and high night shift categories compared to employees without night shift work, respectively.
Conclusions: The observed tendencies indicate that night shift work might be negatively associated with cardiovascular health. We expect the continued follow-up will clarify the long-term impact of night shift work.
研究目的本研究旨在确定在以德国人口为基础的古腾堡健康研究(GHS)中,累积性夜班工作是否会增加心血管疾病(CVD)的发病风险:方法:我们对参加古腾堡健康研究的在职者进行了基线调查和五年后的调查。我们对基线前 10 年的累计夜班工作进行了评估,并将其分为低夜班(1-220 夜≙ 1 年以内)、中夜班(221-660 夜≙ 1-3 年)和高夜班(>660 夜≙ 3 年以上)。使用 Cox 比例危险模型估算了 "有质量保证的心血管疾病事件 "的危险比(HR):结果:8167 名参加工作的人中,有 1092 人从事夜班工作。在随访期间,共发生了 202 起心血管事件。夜班工人每千人年心血管疾病粗发病率为 6.88 [95% 置信区间 (CI) 4.80-9.55],白班工人为 5.19 (95% CI 4.44-6.04)。累积发病率曲线显示,与日班工人相比,夜班工人五年后的累积发病率更高。与没有夜班工作的员工相比,低、中、高夜班类别的员工发生心血管疾病事件的调整HR分别为1.26(95% CI 0.68-2.33)、1.37(95% CI 0.74-2.53)和1.19(95% CI 0.67-2.12):观察到的趋势表明,夜班工作可能与心血管健康呈负相关。结论:观察到的趋势表明,夜班工作可能会对心血管健康产生负面影响,我们希望持续的跟踪调查能够明确夜班工作的长期影响。
{"title":"Night shift work and cardiovascular diseases among employees in Germany: five-year follow-up of the Gutenberg Health Study.","authors":"Sylvia Jankowiak, Karin Rossnagel, Juliane Bauer, Andreas Schulz, Falk Liebers, Ute Latza, Karla Romero Starke, Andreas Seidler, Matthias Nübling, Merle Riechmann-Wolf, Stephan Letzel, Philipp Wild, Natalie Arnold, Manfred Beutel, Norbert Pfeiffer, Karl Lackner, Thomas Münzel, Alicia Schulze, Janice Hegewald","doi":"10.5271/sjweh.4139","DOIUrl":"10.5271/sjweh.4139","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to determine if there is an increased risk of incident cardiovascular diseases (CVD) resulting from cumulative night shift work in the German population-based Gutenberg Health Study (GHS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We examined working participants of the GHS at baseline and after five years. Cumulative night shift work in the 10 years before baseline was assessed and categorized as low (1-220 nights ≙ up to 1 year), middle (221-660 nights ≙ 1-3 years), and high (>660 nights ≙ more than 3 years) night shift exposure. Hazard ratios (HR) were estimated for incident \"quality-assured CVD events\" using Cox proportional hazard models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At baseline, 1092 of 8167 working participants performed night shift work. During the follow-up, 202 incident cardiovascular events occurred. The crude incidence rates for CVD per 1000 person-years were 6.88 [95% confidence interval (CI) 4.80-9.55] for night shift workers and 5.19 (95% CI 4.44-6.04) for day workers. Cumulative incidence curves showed a higher cumulative incidence in workers exposed to night shift work compared to day workers after five years. The adjusted HR for incident CVD events were 1.26 (95% CI 0.68-2.33), 1.37 (95% CI 0.74-2.53) and 1.19 (95% CI 0.67-2.12) for employees in the low, middle and high night shift categories compared to employees without night shift work, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The observed tendencies indicate that night shift work might be negatively associated with cardiovascular health. We expect the continued follow-up will clarify the long-term impact of night shift work.</p>","PeriodicalId":21528,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11006091/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139521870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01Epub Date: 2024-02-08DOI: 10.5271/sjweh.4142
Jesper Medom Vestergaard, Jesper Nikolai Dietrich Haug, Annett Dalbøge, Jens Peter Ellekilde Bonde, Anne Helene Garde, Johnni Hansen, Åse Marie Hansen, Ann Dyreborg Larsen, Mikko Härmä, Sadie Costello, Henrik Albert Kolstad
Objectives: This study aimed to estimate the validity of self-reported information on ever-night shift work among women with and without breast cancer and illustrate the consequences for breast cancer risk estimates.
Methods: During 2015-2016, 225 women diagnosed with breast cancer and 1800 matched controls without breast cancer employed within the Danish hospital regions during 2007-2016 participated in a questionnaire-based survey. Their reported night shift work status was linked with objective payroll register day-by-day working hour data from the Danish Working Hour Database and the Danish Cancer Registry. For the breast cancer patients and their matched controls, we estimated sensitivity and specificity for ever-working night shifts using the payroll data as the gold standard. We also used quantitative bias analysis to estimate the impact on relative risk estimates for a hypothetical population.
Results: For breast cancer patients, we observed a sensitivity of ever-night shifts of 86.2% and a specificity of never-night shifts of 82.6%. For controls, the sensitivity was 80.6% and the specificity 83.7%. Odds ratio for breast cancer in a hypothetical population decreased from 1.12 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03-1.21] to 1.05 (95% CI 0.95-1.16) when corrected by the sensitivity and specificity estimates.
Conclusion: This study shows that female breast cancer patients had slightly better recall of previous night shift work than controls. Additionally, both breast cancer patients and controls recalled previous never-night shift work with low specificity. The net effect of this misclassification is a small over-estimation of the relative breast cancer risk due to night shift work.
{"title":"Validity of self-reported night shift work among women with and without breast cancer.","authors":"Jesper Medom Vestergaard, Jesper Nikolai Dietrich Haug, Annett Dalbøge, Jens Peter Ellekilde Bonde, Anne Helene Garde, Johnni Hansen, Åse Marie Hansen, Ann Dyreborg Larsen, Mikko Härmä, Sadie Costello, Henrik Albert Kolstad","doi":"10.5271/sjweh.4142","DOIUrl":"10.5271/sjweh.4142","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to estimate the validity of self-reported information on ever-night shift work among women with and without breast cancer and illustrate the consequences for breast cancer risk estimates.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>During 2015-2016, 225 women diagnosed with breast cancer and 1800 matched controls without breast cancer employed within the Danish hospital regions during 2007-2016 participated in a questionnaire-based survey. Their reported night shift work status was linked with objective payroll register day-by-day working hour data from the Danish Working Hour Database and the Danish Cancer Registry. For the breast cancer patients and their matched controls, we estimated sensitivity and specificity for ever-working night shifts using the payroll data as the gold standard. We also used quantitative bias analysis to estimate the impact on relative risk estimates for a hypothetical population.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For breast cancer patients, we observed a sensitivity of ever-night shifts of 86.2% and a specificity of never-night shifts of 82.6%. For controls, the sensitivity was 80.6% and the specificity 83.7%. Odds ratio for breast cancer in a hypothetical population decreased from 1.12 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03-1.21] to 1.05 (95% CI 0.95-1.16) when corrected by the sensitivity and specificity estimates.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study shows that female breast cancer patients had slightly better recall of previous night shift work than controls. Additionally, both breast cancer patients and controls recalled previous never-night shift work with low specificity. The net effect of this misclassification is a small over-estimation of the relative breast cancer risk due to night shift work.</p>","PeriodicalId":21528,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11006433/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139703319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}