Logan S James, Sarah C Woolley, Jon T Sakata, Courtney B Hilton, Michael J Ryan, Samuel A Mehr
Many animals produce courtship sounds, and receivers prefer some sounds over others. Shared ancestry and convergent evolution may generate similarities in preference across species and underlie Darwin's conjecture that some animals "have nearly the same taste for the beautiful as we have." In this study, we show that humans share acoustic preferences with a range of animals, that the strength of human preferences correlates with that in other animals, and that humans respond faster when in agreement with animals. Furthermore, we found greatest agreement in preference for adorned, ancestral, and lower-frequency sounds. Humans' music listening experience was associated with preferences. These results are consistent with theories arguing that biases in processing sculpt acoustic preferences, and they confirm Darwin's century-old hunch about the conservation of aesthetics in nature.
{"title":"Humans share acoustic preferences with other animals.","authors":"Logan S James, Sarah C Woolley, Jon T Sakata, Courtney B Hilton, Michael J Ryan, Samuel A Mehr","doi":"10.1126/science.aea1202","DOIUrl":"10.1126/science.aea1202","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Many animals produce courtship sounds, and receivers prefer some sounds over others. Shared ancestry and convergent evolution may generate similarities in preference across species and underlie Darwin's conjecture that some animals \"have nearly the same taste for the beautiful as we have.\" In this study, we show that humans share acoustic preferences with a range of animals, that the strength of human preferences correlates with that in other animals, and that humans respond faster when in agreement with animals. Furthermore, we found greatest agreement in preference for adorned, ancestral, and lower-frequency sounds. Humans' music listening experience was associated with preferences. These results are consistent with theories arguing that biases in processing sculpt acoustic preferences, and they confirm Darwin's century-old hunch about the conservation of aesthetics in nature.</p>","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"391 6791","pages":"1246-1249"},"PeriodicalIF":45.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147486591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In vivo delivery systems (IDSs) are designed to protect and transport therapeutics, but their clinical applications are hindered by low delivery efficiency. We identified gut microbiota as key regulators of efficacy of IDS-based therapies and that disrupting commensal-host interactions markedly improves drug and gene delivery. Intestinal epithelial cells sense microbial stimulation and remotely activate Kupffer cells through serotonin production, thereby driving hepatic IDS clearance. Transient suppression of serotonin signaling, through receptor blockade or dietary intervention, mitigates hepatic IDS clearance and improves delivery efficiency. This strategy yielded more than threefold therapeutic enhancement in chemotherapy and oncolytic virotherapy and 5- to 15-fold improvements in somatic genome editing and messenger RNA-based therapies. These findings reveal a gut-liver immune axis that can be therapeutically exploited to improve IDS-based cancer and gene therapies.
{"title":"Commensal-driven serotonin production modulates in vivo delivery of synthetic and viral vectors.","authors":"Qin Wang,Ziqi Chen,Guorong Zhang,Jiale Yang,Runfan Hu,Tongyue Yao,Cici Zeng,Shugeng Zhang,Wei Jiang,Shu Zhu,Yucai Wang","doi":"10.1126/science.adu7686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adu7686","url":null,"abstract":"In vivo delivery systems (IDSs) are designed to protect and transport therapeutics, but their clinical applications are hindered by low delivery efficiency. We identified gut microbiota as key regulators of efficacy of IDS-based therapies and that disrupting commensal-host interactions markedly improves drug and gene delivery. Intestinal epithelial cells sense microbial stimulation and remotely activate Kupffer cells through serotonin production, thereby driving hepatic IDS clearance. Transient suppression of serotonin signaling, through receptor blockade or dietary intervention, mitigates hepatic IDS clearance and improves delivery efficiency. This strategy yielded more than threefold therapeutic enhancement in chemotherapy and oncolytic virotherapy and 5- to 15-fold improvements in somatic genome editing and messenger RNA-based therapies. These findings reveal a gut-liver immune axis that can be therapeutically exploited to improve IDS-based cancer and gene therapies.","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"11 1","pages":"eadu7686"},"PeriodicalIF":56.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147483263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Annual cultivated rice was domesticated from perennial wild rice, yet the genetic mechanism of perennial growth habit remains unclear. Using introgression lines of wild and cultivated rice, we identified the Endless Branches and Tillers (EBT1) locus, comprising tandem microRNA156 genes (MIR156BC). This locus is responsible for floral reversion and vegetative propagation contributing to perennial growth in wild rice. The wild rice allele EBT1W1943 exhibits higher chromatin accessibility and lower levels of the repressive histone mark H3K27me3 to reset MIR156BC expression in tiller buds compared with the cultivated allele. Additionally, we introgressed EBT1 and prostrate growth genes PROG1 and TIG1 to generate recombinant lines exhibiting a robust perennial habit. Our findings pave the way for developing sustainable perennial rice cultivars in the future.
{"title":"Resetting of a tandem microRNA156 enables vegetative perennial growth in rice.","authors":"Bingxin Dai,Danfeng Lv,Erwang Chen,Zhoulin Gu,Dongling Guo,Yan Li,Yaoxin Zhang,Kun Liu,Ahong Wang,Qiang Zhao,Yan Zhao,Qingqing Hou,Yongchun Wang,Qi Feng,Danlin Fan,Congcong Zhou,Qilin Tian,Zixuan Wang,Jia-Wei Wang,Bin Han","doi":"10.1126/science.adv2188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adv2188","url":null,"abstract":"Annual cultivated rice was domesticated from perennial wild rice, yet the genetic mechanism of perennial growth habit remains unclear. Using introgression lines of wild and cultivated rice, we identified the Endless Branches and Tillers (EBT1) locus, comprising tandem microRNA156 genes (MIR156BC). This locus is responsible for floral reversion and vegetative propagation contributing to perennial growth in wild rice. The wild rice allele EBT1W1943 exhibits higher chromatin accessibility and lower levels of the repressive histone mark H3K27me3 to reset MIR156BC expression in tiller buds compared with the cultivated allele. Additionally, we introgressed EBT1 and prostrate growth genes PROG1 and TIG1 to generate recombinant lines exhibiting a robust perennial habit. Our findings pave the way for developing sustainable perennial rice cultivars in the future.","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"12 1","pages":"1239-1245"},"PeriodicalIF":56.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147483270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stacks of boron nitride sheets can be arranged to emit deep ultraviolet light.
堆叠的氮化硼片可以被排列成发出深紫外光。
{"title":"Strong light emission with a twist.","authors":"Bernard Gil,Guillaume Cassabois","doi":"10.1126/science.aef9532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aef9532","url":null,"abstract":"Stacks of boron nitride sheets can be arranged to emit deep ultraviolet light.","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"13 1","pages":"1204-1205"},"PeriodicalIF":56.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147483275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"International conferences must include China.","authors":"Yifang Ma, Yinan Shen, Hai Rao","doi":"10.1126/science.aef5164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aef5164","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"391 6791","pages":"1216"},"PeriodicalIF":45.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147487183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
James Evans,Benjamin Bratton,Blaise Agüera Y Arcas
{"title":"Agentic AI and the next intelligence explosion.","authors":"James Evans,Benjamin Bratton,Blaise Agüera Y Arcas","doi":"10.1126/science.aeg1895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aeg1895","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"13 1","pages":"eaeg1895"},"PeriodicalIF":56.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147483264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Earth had variable tectonic plate motions and a strong, stable magnetic field 3.5 billion years ago.
35亿年前，地球有多变的构造板块运动和强大而稳定的磁场。
{"title":"Ancient rocks reveal early plate motions.","authors":"Claire Nichols","doi":"10.1126/science.aef5648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aef5648","url":null,"abstract":"Earth had variable tectonic plate motions and a strong, stable magnetic field 3.5 billion years ago.","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"12 1","pages":"1205-1206"},"PeriodicalIF":56.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147483266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Twisted stacking of two-dimensional van der Waals (vdW) semiconductors creates moiré superlattices, which provides unprecedented control over quantum states and their light-matter interactions. We demonstrate that a simple twist interface between two single-crystalline bulks of hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) creates moiré quantum wells (QWs) embedded in a three-dimensional vdW structure. hBN moiré QWs strongly confine charge carriers under both optical excitation and electrical injection. Despite their indirect bandgap, they emit intense deep-ultraviolet luminescence in the extreme wavelength bands from 215 to 240 nanometers, exceeding that of state-of-the-art conventional aluminum gallium nitride (AlGaN) multiple QWs by more than an order of magnitude. Furthermore, the twist angle control allows wide tunability of luminescence energy and efficiency in moiré QWs.
{"title":"Highly efficient, deep-ultraviolet luminescence in hBN moiré quantum wells.","authors":"Chengyun Hong,Fangzhou Zhao,Su-Beom Song,Sangho Yoon,Seong-Joon Jeon,M Ajmal Khan,Ye Tao,Dong-Hwan Yang,Wanhee Lee,Junho Kim,Sera Yang,Hyungseob Cho,Sumin Lee,Seok Young Min,Kenji Watanabe,Takashi Taniguchi,Seunghyup Yoo,Changsoon Cho,Si-Young Choi,Hideki Hirayama,Lede Xian,Moon-Ho Jo,Angel Rubio,Jonghwan Kim","doi":"10.1126/science.aeb2095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aeb2095","url":null,"abstract":"Twisted stacking of two-dimensional van der Waals (vdW) semiconductors creates moiré superlattices, which provides unprecedented control over quantum states and their light-matter interactions. We demonstrate that a simple twist interface between two single-crystalline bulks of hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) creates moiré quantum wells (QWs) embedded in a three-dimensional vdW structure. hBN moiré QWs strongly confine charge carriers under both optical excitation and electrical injection. Despite their indirect bandgap, they emit intense deep-ultraviolet luminescence in the extreme wavelength bands from 215 to 240 nanometers, exceeding that of state-of-the-art conventional aluminum gallium nitride (AlGaN) multiple QWs by more than an order of magnitude. Furthermore, the twist angle control allows wide tunability of luminescence energy and efficiency in moiré QWs.","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"27 1","pages":"eaeb2095"},"PeriodicalIF":56.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147483283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chronic pain exhibits circadian rhythms in humans, but the mechanisms underlying such rhythmicity remain unclear. Here, we found daily oscillations in the nociceptive thresholds in a mouse model of neuropathic pain, driven by a rhythmic circuit from the master clock in the hypothalamus to the descending analgesia system. In the daytime (resting phase), higher vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) neuronal activity in suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCNVIP) activates a signaling pathway involving the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (vlPAG), ultimately increasing nociceptive sensitivity. At night (active phase), reduced SCNVIP neuronal activity decreases pain sensitivity through this polysynaptic circuit. This study identified a circuit for regulating pain rhythmicity that might be targeted to improve chronic pain management.
{"title":"Hypothalamic clock governs circadian pain.","authors":"Hong-Rui Wei, Qianqian Lou, Le-Xian Li, Lan Tang, Run-Jie Wu, Hong-Yu Li, Ai-Jun Jiang, Xin-Lu Yang, Wei Gao, Xin-Yi Zhao, Liuhu Han, Yu Mao, Sen Qun, Yanli Luo, Junchao Qian, Yan Jin, Zhi Zhang","doi":"10.1126/science.ady6455","DOIUrl":"10.1126/science.ady6455","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic pain exhibits circadian rhythms in humans, but the mechanisms underlying such rhythmicity remain unclear. Here, we found daily oscillations in the nociceptive thresholds in a mouse model of neuropathic pain, driven by a rhythmic circuit from the master clock in the hypothalamus to the descending analgesia system. In the daytime (resting phase), higher vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) neuronal activity in suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN<sup>VIP</sup>) activates a signaling pathway involving the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (vlPAG), ultimately increasing nociceptive sensitivity. At night (active phase), reduced SCN<sup>VIP</sup> neuronal activity decreases pain sensitivity through this polysynaptic circuit. This study identified a circuit for regulating pain rhythmicity that might be targeted to improve chronic pain management.</p>","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"391 6791","pages":"eady6455"},"PeriodicalIF":45.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147486930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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