Human studies test noninvasive "temporal interference" stimulation in epilepsy and other diseases.
人类研究测试了癫痫和其他疾病的非侵入性“颞干扰”刺激。
{"title":"Overlapping currents can tune the deep brain.","authors":"Jennie Erin Smith","doi":"10.1126/science.aeh2953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aeh2953","url":null,"abstract":"Human studies test noninvasive \"temporal interference\" stimulation in epilepsy and other diseases.","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"64 1","pages":"1188-1189"},"PeriodicalIF":56.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147483282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Synonymous codon usage controls global gene expression in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic species. Nonoptimal codons are known to induce mRNA decay; however, the underlying molecular mechanism remains poorly understood in human cells. Through genome-wide CRISPR screening, we identified the RNA-binding protein DHX29 as a critical regulator of codon-dependent gene expression. Cryogenic electron microscopy and selective ribosome profiling demonstrated that DHX29 directly interacts with the A-site entrance of the translating 80S ribosome, the binding site for the eEF1A•GTP•aminoacyl-tRNA ternary complex, suggesting a role in monitoring aminoacyl-tRNA sampling. Proteomic analysis further revealed that DHX29 recruits the GIGYF2•4EHP complex to mediate global suppression of nonoptimal mRNAs. These findings establish a mechanistic link between synonymous codon usage and the regulation of gene expression.
{"title":"Human DHX29 detects nonoptimal codon usage to regulate mRNA stability.","authors":"Fabian Hia,Yitong Wu,Masanori Yoshinaga,Sakurako Goto-Ito,Wakana Iwasaki,Koshi Imami,Hirotaka Toh,Peixun Han,Ting Cai,Takayuki Ohira,Akira Fukao,Daron M Standley,Yuichi Shichino,Masaki Takegawa,Toshinobu Fujiwara,Tsutomu Suzuki,Shintaro Iwasaki,Michael C Bassik,Takuhiro Ito,Osamu Takeuchi","doi":"10.1126/science.adw0288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adw0288","url":null,"abstract":"Synonymous codon usage controls global gene expression in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic species. Nonoptimal codons are known to induce mRNA decay; however, the underlying molecular mechanism remains poorly understood in human cells. Through genome-wide CRISPR screening, we identified the RNA-binding protein DHX29 as a critical regulator of codon-dependent gene expression. Cryogenic electron microscopy and selective ribosome profiling demonstrated that DHX29 directly interacts with the A-site entrance of the translating 80S ribosome, the binding site for the eEF1A•GTP•aminoacyl-tRNA ternary complex, suggesting a role in monitoring aminoacyl-tRNA sampling. Proteomic analysis further revealed that DHX29 recruits the GIGYF2•4EHP complex to mediate global suppression of nonoptimal mRNAs. These findings establish a mechanistic link between synonymous codon usage and the regulation of gene expression.","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"80 1","pages":"eadw0288"},"PeriodicalIF":56.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147483288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Logan S James, Sarah C Woolley, Jon T Sakata, Courtney B Hilton, Michael J Ryan, Samuel A Mehr
Many animals produce courtship sounds, and receivers prefer some sounds over others. Shared ancestry and convergent evolution may generate similarities in preference across species and underlie Darwin's conjecture that some animals "have nearly the same taste for the beautiful as we have." In this study, we show that humans share acoustic preferences with a range of animals, that the strength of human preferences correlates with that in other animals, and that humans respond faster when in agreement with animals. Furthermore, we found greatest agreement in preference for adorned, ancestral, and lower-frequency sounds. Humans' music listening experience was associated with preferences. These results are consistent with theories arguing that biases in processing sculpt acoustic preferences, and they confirm Darwin's century-old hunch about the conservation of aesthetics in nature.
{"title":"Humans share acoustic preferences with other animals.","authors":"Logan S James, Sarah C Woolley, Jon T Sakata, Courtney B Hilton, Michael J Ryan, Samuel A Mehr","doi":"10.1126/science.aea1202","DOIUrl":"10.1126/science.aea1202","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Many animals produce courtship sounds, and receivers prefer some sounds over others. Shared ancestry and convergent evolution may generate similarities in preference across species and underlie Darwin's conjecture that some animals \"have nearly the same taste for the beautiful as we have.\" In this study, we show that humans share acoustic preferences with a range of animals, that the strength of human preferences correlates with that in other animals, and that humans respond faster when in agreement with animals. Furthermore, we found greatest agreement in preference for adorned, ancestral, and lower-frequency sounds. Humans' music listening experience was associated with preferences. These results are consistent with theories arguing that biases in processing sculpt acoustic preferences, and they confirm Darwin's century-old hunch about the conservation of aesthetics in nature.</p>","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"391 6791","pages":"1246-1249"},"PeriodicalIF":45.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147486591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In vivo delivery systems (IDSs) are designed to protect and transport therapeutics, but their clinical applications are hindered by low delivery efficiency. We identified gut microbiota as key regulators of efficacy of IDS-based therapies and that disrupting commensal-host interactions markedly improves drug and gene delivery. Intestinal epithelial cells sense microbial stimulation and remotely activate Kupffer cells through serotonin production, thereby driving hepatic IDS clearance. Transient suppression of serotonin signaling, through receptor blockade or dietary intervention, mitigates hepatic IDS clearance and improves delivery efficiency. This strategy yielded more than threefold therapeutic enhancement in chemotherapy and oncolytic virotherapy and 5- to 15-fold improvements in somatic genome editing and messenger RNA-based therapies. These findings reveal a gut-liver immune axis that can be therapeutically exploited to improve IDS-based cancer and gene therapies.
{"title":"Commensal-driven serotonin production modulates in vivo delivery of synthetic and viral vectors.","authors":"Qin Wang,Ziqi Chen,Guorong Zhang,Jiale Yang,Runfan Hu,Tongyue Yao,Cici Zeng,Shugeng Zhang,Wei Jiang,Shu Zhu,Yucai Wang","doi":"10.1126/science.adu7686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adu7686","url":null,"abstract":"In vivo delivery systems (IDSs) are designed to protect and transport therapeutics, but their clinical applications are hindered by low delivery efficiency. We identified gut microbiota as key regulators of efficacy of IDS-based therapies and that disrupting commensal-host interactions markedly improves drug and gene delivery. Intestinal epithelial cells sense microbial stimulation and remotely activate Kupffer cells through serotonin production, thereby driving hepatic IDS clearance. Transient suppression of serotonin signaling, through receptor blockade or dietary intervention, mitigates hepatic IDS clearance and improves delivery efficiency. This strategy yielded more than threefold therapeutic enhancement in chemotherapy and oncolytic virotherapy and 5- to 15-fold improvements in somatic genome editing and messenger RNA-based therapies. These findings reveal a gut-liver immune axis that can be therapeutically exploited to improve IDS-based cancer and gene therapies.","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"11 1","pages":"eadu7686"},"PeriodicalIF":56.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147483263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Annual cultivated rice was domesticated from perennial wild rice, yet the genetic mechanism of perennial growth habit remains unclear. Using introgression lines of wild and cultivated rice, we identified the Endless Branches and Tillers (EBT1) locus, comprising tandem microRNA156 genes (MIR156BC). This locus is responsible for floral reversion and vegetative propagation contributing to perennial growth in wild rice. The wild rice allele EBT1W1943 exhibits higher chromatin accessibility and lower levels of the repressive histone mark H3K27me3 to reset MIR156BC expression in tiller buds compared with the cultivated allele. Additionally, we introgressed EBT1 and prostrate growth genes PROG1 and TIG1 to generate recombinant lines exhibiting a robust perennial habit. Our findings pave the way for developing sustainable perennial rice cultivars in the future.
{"title":"Resetting of a tandem microRNA156 enables vegetative perennial growth in rice.","authors":"Bingxin Dai,Danfeng Lv,Erwang Chen,Zhoulin Gu,Dongling Guo,Yan Li,Yaoxin Zhang,Kun Liu,Ahong Wang,Qiang Zhao,Yan Zhao,Qingqing Hou,Yongchun Wang,Qi Feng,Danlin Fan,Congcong Zhou,Qilin Tian,Zixuan Wang,Jia-Wei Wang,Bin Han","doi":"10.1126/science.adv2188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adv2188","url":null,"abstract":"Annual cultivated rice was domesticated from perennial wild rice, yet the genetic mechanism of perennial growth habit remains unclear. Using introgression lines of wild and cultivated rice, we identified the Endless Branches and Tillers (EBT1) locus, comprising tandem microRNA156 genes (MIR156BC). This locus is responsible for floral reversion and vegetative propagation contributing to perennial growth in wild rice. The wild rice allele EBT1W1943 exhibits higher chromatin accessibility and lower levels of the repressive histone mark H3K27me3 to reset MIR156BC expression in tiller buds compared with the cultivated allele. Additionally, we introgressed EBT1 and prostrate growth genes PROG1 and TIG1 to generate recombinant lines exhibiting a robust perennial habit. Our findings pave the way for developing sustainable perennial rice cultivars in the future.","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"12 1","pages":"1239-1245"},"PeriodicalIF":56.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147483270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stacks of boron nitride sheets can be arranged to emit deep ultraviolet light.
堆叠的氮化硼片可以被排列成发出深紫外光。
{"title":"Strong light emission with a twist.","authors":"Bernard Gil,Guillaume Cassabois","doi":"10.1126/science.aef9532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aef9532","url":null,"abstract":"Stacks of boron nitride sheets can be arranged to emit deep ultraviolet light.","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"13 1","pages":"1204-1205"},"PeriodicalIF":56.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147483275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"International conferences must include China.","authors":"Yifang Ma, Yinan Shen, Hai Rao","doi":"10.1126/science.aef5164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aef5164","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"391 6791","pages":"1216"},"PeriodicalIF":45.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147487183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
James Evans,Benjamin Bratton,Blaise Agüera Y Arcas
{"title":"Agentic AI and the next intelligence explosion.","authors":"James Evans,Benjamin Bratton,Blaise Agüera Y Arcas","doi":"10.1126/science.aeg1895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aeg1895","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"13 1","pages":"eaeg1895"},"PeriodicalIF":56.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147483264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Earth had variable tectonic plate motions and a strong, stable magnetic field 3.5 billion years ago.
35亿年前，地球有多变的构造板块运动和强大而稳定的磁场。
{"title":"Ancient rocks reveal early plate motions.","authors":"Claire Nichols","doi":"10.1126/science.aef5648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aef5648","url":null,"abstract":"Earth had variable tectonic plate motions and a strong, stable magnetic field 3.5 billion years ago.","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"12 1","pages":"1205-1206"},"PeriodicalIF":56.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147483266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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