Tsui-Sui Annie Kao, Jiying Ling, Mohammed Alanazi, Ahmed Atwa, Stephanie Liu
This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the effects of mindful-based interventions (MBIs) on changes in obesogenic eating behaviors. Seven databases (CINAHL, PubMed, PsycINFO, Cochrane, Web of Science Core Collection, Embase, Sociological Abstracts) were searched. Random-effects models were performed to estimate the pooled effects, and mixed-effects models were used to explore potential moderators of MBIs on eating behavioral changes. The significant effects on mindless eating habits included controlled eating (Hedge's g = 0.23, p = 0.005), external eating (g = -0.62, p = 0.001), fullness awareness (g = 0.64, p < 0.001), hunger eating (g = -0.69, p = 0.032), energy intake (g = -0.60, p = 0.003), sweet intake (g = -0.39, p < 0.001), and impulsive food choice (g = -0.43, p = 0.002). However, small and insignificant effects were noted for stress-related eating habits like emotional eating (g = -0.27; p = 0.070) and binge eating (g = -0.35, p = 0.136). The long-term effects were significantly sustained on hunger eating (g = -0.50, p = 0.007) but insignificant on emotional eating (g = -0.22, p = 0.809). MBIs delivered in clinical settings were more effective for decreasing emotional eating compared with those in school settings. Our findings support the effectiveness of MBIs. The pooled effects on improving mindless eating habits were stronger than the modification of stress-related eating habits.
{"title":"Effects of mindfulness-based interventions on obesogenic eating behaviors: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Tsui-Sui Annie Kao, Jiying Ling, Mohammed Alanazi, Ahmed Atwa, Stephanie Liu","doi":"10.1111/obr.13860","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.13860","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the effects of mindful-based interventions (MBIs) on changes in obesogenic eating behaviors. Seven databases (CINAHL, PubMed, PsycINFO, Cochrane, Web of Science Core Collection, Embase, Sociological Abstracts) were searched. Random-effects models were performed to estimate the pooled effects, and mixed-effects models were used to explore potential moderators of MBIs on eating behavioral changes. The significant effects on mindless eating habits included controlled eating (Hedge's g = 0.23, p = 0.005), external eating (g = -0.62, p = 0.001), fullness awareness (g = 0.64, p < 0.001), hunger eating (g = -0.69, p = 0.032), energy intake (g = -0.60, p = 0.003), sweet intake (g = -0.39, p < 0.001), and impulsive food choice (g = -0.43, p = 0.002). However, small and insignificant effects were noted for stress-related eating habits like emotional eating (g = -0.27; p = 0.070) and binge eating (g = -0.35, p = 0.136). The long-term effects were significantly sustained on hunger eating (g = -0.50, p = 0.007) but insignificant on emotional eating (g = -0.22, p = 0.809). MBIs delivered in clinical settings were more effective for decreasing emotional eating compared with those in school settings. Our findings support the effectiveness of MBIs. The pooled effects on improving mindless eating habits were stronger than the modification of stress-related eating habits.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e13860"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142567139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alemayehu Mekonnen, Vidanka Vasilevski, Anna Chapman, Shaan Naughton, Eva Yuen, Jane Willcox, Elizabeth Holmes-Truscott, Jaithri Ananthapavan, Fisaha Tesfay, Linda Sweet, Anna Peeters
A scoping review was conducted to identify barriers and enablers to effective weight management in healthcare settings for people living with overweight and obesity in English-speaking high-income countries. Peer-reviewed and gray literature were systematically searched in June 2024. Data were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis. Of the 15,684 unique articles identified and screened for relevance, 216 studies were included. Healthcare-related barriers and enablers to weight management were organized under three themes: a) healthcare provider-related factors, b) provision of care, and c) policy/funding. Prominent barriers included healthcare provider knowledge deficits and low prioritization of obesity management, mainly in the primary care setting. Weight management beyond the primary care setting was found to be especially challenging, with poor referral pathways, service fragmentation, lack of multidisciplinary practice, and restricted eligibility criteria, hindering the accessibility of services. Developing consistent policies and guidelines, improving the education of healthcare providers, and increasing funding to provide low-cost comprehensive care, were identified as enablers to access and uptake of weight management services. Considerable overlap in the identified barriers existed across healthcare providers and settings. A whole health system approach to minimize barriers and strengthen enablers to weight management services is needed, to address rising obesity rates.
{"title":"Barriers and enablers to effective weight management for people living with overweight and obesity: A rapid scoping review.","authors":"Alemayehu Mekonnen, Vidanka Vasilevski, Anna Chapman, Shaan Naughton, Eva Yuen, Jane Willcox, Elizabeth Holmes-Truscott, Jaithri Ananthapavan, Fisaha Tesfay, Linda Sweet, Anna Peeters","doi":"10.1111/obr.13858","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.13858","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A scoping review was conducted to identify barriers and enablers to effective weight management in healthcare settings for people living with overweight and obesity in English-speaking high-income countries. Peer-reviewed and gray literature were systematically searched in June 2024. Data were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis. Of the 15,684 unique articles identified and screened for relevance, 216 studies were included. Healthcare-related barriers and enablers to weight management were organized under three themes: a) healthcare provider-related factors, b) provision of care, and c) policy/funding. Prominent barriers included healthcare provider knowledge deficits and low prioritization of obesity management, mainly in the primary care setting. Weight management beyond the primary care setting was found to be especially challenging, with poor referral pathways, service fragmentation, lack of multidisciplinary practice, and restricted eligibility criteria, hindering the accessibility of services. Developing consistent policies and guidelines, improving the education of healthcare providers, and increasing funding to provide low-cost comprehensive care, were identified as enablers to access and uptake of weight management services. Considerable overlap in the identified barriers existed across healthcare providers and settings. A whole health system approach to minimize barriers and strengthen enablers to weight management services is needed, to address rising obesity rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e13858"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142556553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Obesity is a prominent feature of Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS), which represents a major and growing public health problem. More than half of BBS patients carry mutations in one of eight genes that encode subunits of a protein complex known as the BBSome, which has emerged as a key regulator of energy and glucose homeostasis. However, the mechanisms underlying obesity in BBS are complex. Numerous studies have identified a high prevalence of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome among individuals with BBS. However, the exact mechanisms are not fully understood. This review summarized evidence from experiments using mouse and cell models, focusing on the energy imbalance that leads to obesity in patients with BBS. The studies discussed in this review contribute to understanding the functional role of the BBSome in the obesity associated with BBS, laying the foundation for developing new preventive or therapeutic strategies for obese patients.
{"title":"Molecular mechanisms of the obesity associated with Bardet-Biedl syndrome: An update.","authors":"Bang-Hua Zhong, Ning Nie, Ming Dong","doi":"10.1111/obr.13859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.13859","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obesity is a prominent feature of Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS), which represents a major and growing public health problem. More than half of BBS patients carry mutations in one of eight genes that encode subunits of a protein complex known as the BBSome, which has emerged as a key regulator of energy and glucose homeostasis. However, the mechanisms underlying obesity in BBS are complex. Numerous studies have identified a high prevalence of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome among individuals with BBS. However, the exact mechanisms are not fully understood. This review summarized evidence from experiments using mouse and cell models, focusing on the energy imbalance that leads to obesity in patients with BBS. The studies discussed in this review contribute to understanding the functional role of the BBSome in the obesity associated with BBS, laying the foundation for developing new preventive or therapeutic strategies for obese patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e13859"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142542413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Margaret McGowan, Rhonda Garad, Girija Wadhwani, Sophia Torkel, Vibhuti Rao, Alison Maunder, Elaine K Osei-Safo, Lisa J Moran, Stephanie Cowan
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder affecting 10-13% of reproductive-aged women. Lifestyle management through diet and physical activity changes can improve reproductive, metabolic, and psychological comorbidities. The aim of this systematic review is to understand the barriers and facilitators to lifestyle changes from the perspective of people with PCOS and health care professionals (HCP) using the theoretical domains framework and capability, opportunity, motivation, and behavior model. Six databases were systematically searched for qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-methods studies to 22nd September 2022. Quantitative outcomes from quantitative and mixed-methods studies were narratively synthesized and all studies were thematically analyzed. Sixty-eight papers met the eligibility criteria. HCP education on lifestyle management in PCOS was viewed by all to be inadequate, impacting the quality of care and health outcomes. Lifestyle advice delivered by a multidisciplinary team, including dietitians, was identified as a key component for change. All agreed that there was a need for individualized and PCOS-specific lifestyle advice. Weight stigma was identified as negatively impacting both those in larger and smaller bodies with PCOS, reducing the quality of care and affecting self-perception and mental health. People with PCOS perceived that lifestyle management was overly focused on weight loss and fertility, independent of their own personal motivations and goals. Systemic changes, including increasing HCP education on lifestyle management and multidisciplinary collaboration, focusing on lifestyle advice that meets individual needs, and reducing the use of weight-centric care are necessary for long-term sustainable changes and improvements in health outcomes in people with PCOS.
{"title":"Understanding barriers and facilitators to lifestyle management in people with polycystic ovary syndrome: A mixed method systematic review.","authors":"Margaret McGowan, Rhonda Garad, Girija Wadhwani, Sophia Torkel, Vibhuti Rao, Alison Maunder, Elaine K Osei-Safo, Lisa J Moran, Stephanie Cowan","doi":"10.1111/obr.13854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.13854","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder affecting 10-13% of reproductive-aged women. Lifestyle management through diet and physical activity changes can improve reproductive, metabolic, and psychological comorbidities. The aim of this systematic review is to understand the barriers and facilitators to lifestyle changes from the perspective of people with PCOS and health care professionals (HCP) using the theoretical domains framework and capability, opportunity, motivation, and behavior model. Six databases were systematically searched for qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-methods studies to 22nd September 2022. Quantitative outcomes from quantitative and mixed-methods studies were narratively synthesized and all studies were thematically analyzed. Sixty-eight papers met the eligibility criteria. HCP education on lifestyle management in PCOS was viewed by all to be inadequate, impacting the quality of care and health outcomes. Lifestyle advice delivered by a multidisciplinary team, including dietitians, was identified as a key component for change. All agreed that there was a need for individualized and PCOS-specific lifestyle advice. Weight stigma was identified as negatively impacting both those in larger and smaller bodies with PCOS, reducing the quality of care and affecting self-perception and mental health. People with PCOS perceived that lifestyle management was overly focused on weight loss and fertility, independent of their own personal motivations and goals. Systemic changes, including increasing HCP education on lifestyle management and multidisciplinary collaboration, focusing on lifestyle advice that meets individual needs, and reducing the use of weight-centric care are necessary for long-term sustainable changes and improvements in health outcomes in people with PCOS.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e13854"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142491754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), including leucine, isoleucine, and valine, are essential for maintaining physiological functions and metabolic homeostasis. However, chronic elevation of BCAAs causes metabolic diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D), and metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). Adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, and the liver are the three major metabolic tissues not only responsible for controlling glucose, lipid, and energy balance but also for maintaining BCAA homeostasis. Under obese and diabetic conditions, different pathogenic factors like pro-inflammatory cytokines, lipotoxicity, and reduction of adiponectin and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors γ (PPARγ) disrupt BCAA metabolism, leading to excessive accumulation of BCAAs and their downstream metabolites in metabolic tissues and circulation. Mechanistically, BCAAs and/or their downstream metabolites, such as branched-chain ketoacids (BCKAs) and 3-hydroxyisobutyrate (3-HIB), impair insulin signaling, inhibit adipogenesis, induce inflammatory responses, and cause lipotoxicity in the metabolic tissues, resulting in multiple metabolic disorders. In this review, we summarize the latest studies on the metabolic regulation of BCAA homeostasis by the three major metabolic tissues-adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, and liver-and how dysregulated BCAA metabolism affects glucose, lipid, and energy balance in these active metabolic tissues. We also summarize therapeutic approaches to restore normal BCAA metabolism as a treatment for metabolic diseases.
{"title":"Branched-chain amino acid metabolism: Pathophysiological mechanism and therapeutic intervention in metabolic diseases.","authors":"Shama Mansoori, Melody Yuen-Man Ho, Kelvin Kwun-Wang Ng, Kenneth King-Yip Cheng","doi":"10.1111/obr.13856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.13856","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), including leucine, isoleucine, and valine, are essential for maintaining physiological functions and metabolic homeostasis. However, chronic elevation of BCAAs causes metabolic diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D), and metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). Adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, and the liver are the three major metabolic tissues not only responsible for controlling glucose, lipid, and energy balance but also for maintaining BCAA homeostasis. Under obese and diabetic conditions, different pathogenic factors like pro-inflammatory cytokines, lipotoxicity, and reduction of adiponectin and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors γ (PPARγ) disrupt BCAA metabolism, leading to excessive accumulation of BCAAs and their downstream metabolites in metabolic tissues and circulation. Mechanistically, BCAAs and/or their downstream metabolites, such as branched-chain ketoacids (BCKAs) and 3-hydroxyisobutyrate (3-HIB), impair insulin signaling, inhibit adipogenesis, induce inflammatory responses, and cause lipotoxicity in the metabolic tissues, resulting in multiple metabolic disorders. In this review, we summarize the latest studies on the metabolic regulation of BCAA homeostasis by the three major metabolic tissues-adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, and liver-and how dysregulated BCAA metabolism affects glucose, lipid, and energy balance in these active metabolic tissues. We also summarize therapeutic approaches to restore normal BCAA metabolism as a treatment for metabolic diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e13856"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142491753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Konsita Kuswara, Vanessa A Shrewsbury, Jacqui A Macdonald, Alexandra Chung, Briony Hill
Fathers remain under-represented in early childhood obesity prevention research and interventions, despite growing evidence that paternal biopsychosocial factors and behaviors from pre- and post-conception can influence lifelong offspring health. Informed by a literature review of high-quality evidence, "CO-Parent" (childhood obesity-Parent) is a new conceptual model underpinned by couple interdependence theory and a socioecological framework. Literature was searched for the concepts parental AND weight-related behaviors AND child weight or weight-related behaviors, in databases including MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Global Health, Scopus, and SocINDEX. Prior evidence syntheses were prioritized as source data to inform model development. "CO-Parent" illustrates the interdependent and independent effects of maternal and paternal weight, weight-related behaviors, and well-being, across preconception, pregnancy, postpartum, and the early years on child weight-related behaviors and weight up to age five. The influences of public policy, social, environmental, economic, community, and other complex modifiable mediating factors are included in the model. The "CO-Parent" conceptual model paves the way for a paradigm shift by recognizing fathers as key figures in early childhood obesity prevention initiatives, encouraging them to "share the motherload." It highlights both the independent and interdependent roles fathers play in the epidemiology of obesity starting from preconception. CO-Parent also provides the foundations necessary to guide future theory and research to be more inclusive of fathers to further understanding of the independent and interdependent influences of parents in early childhood obesity prevention.
{"title":"Sharing the motherload: A review and development of the CO-Parent conceptual model for early childhood obesity prevention.","authors":"Konsita Kuswara, Vanessa A Shrewsbury, Jacqui A Macdonald, Alexandra Chung, Briony Hill","doi":"10.1111/obr.13853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.13853","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fathers remain under-represented in early childhood obesity prevention research and interventions, despite growing evidence that paternal biopsychosocial factors and behaviors from pre- and post-conception can influence lifelong offspring health. Informed by a literature review of high-quality evidence, \"CO-Parent\" (childhood obesity-Parent) is a new conceptual model underpinned by couple interdependence theory and a socioecological framework. Literature was searched for the concepts parental AND weight-related behaviors AND child weight or weight-related behaviors, in databases including MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Global Health, Scopus, and SocINDEX. Prior evidence syntheses were prioritized as source data to inform model development. \"CO-Parent\" illustrates the interdependent and independent effects of maternal and paternal weight, weight-related behaviors, and well-being, across preconception, pregnancy, postpartum, and the early years on child weight-related behaviors and weight up to age five. The influences of public policy, social, environmental, economic, community, and other complex modifiable mediating factors are included in the model. The \"CO-Parent\" conceptual model paves the way for a paradigm shift by recognizing fathers as key figures in early childhood obesity prevention initiatives, encouraging them to \"share the motherload.\" It highlights both the independent and interdependent roles fathers play in the epidemiology of obesity starting from preconception. CO-Parent also provides the foundations necessary to guide future theory and research to be more inclusive of fathers to further understanding of the independent and interdependent influences of parents in early childhood obesity prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e13853"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142454272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Phillip J Dijkhorst, Claire E E de Vries, Caroline B Terwee, Ignace M C Janssen, Ronald S L Liem, Bart A van Wagensveld, Johan Ottosson, Bruno Halpern, Stuart W Flint, Elisabeth F C van Rossum, Alend Saadi, Lisa West-Smith, Mary O'Kane, Jason C G Halford, Karen D Coulman, Salman Al-Sabah, John B Dixon, Wendy A Brown, Ximena Ramos Salas, Maarten M Hoogbergen, Sally Abbott, Alyssa J Budin, Jennifer F Holland, Lotte Poulsen, Richard Welbourn, Bernardo Rea Ruanova, John M Morton, Francois Pattou, Erman O Akpinar, Stephanie Sogg, Jacques M Himpens, Vanessa Osborne, Natasja Wijling, Laura Divine, Nadya Isack, Susie Birney, J M Bernadette Keenan, Joe Nadglowski, Jacqueline Bowman, Ken Clare, Riccardo Meloni, Sandra de Blaeij, Theodore K Kyle, Melanie Bahlke, Andrew Healing, Ian Patton, Valerie M Monpellier
The lack of standardization in patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) has made measurement and comparison of quality of life (QoL) outcomes in research focused on obesity treatment challenging. This study reports on the results of the second and third global multidisciplinary Standardizing Quality of life measures in Obesity Treatment (S.Q.O.T.) consensus meetings, where a core set of PROMs to measure nine previously selected patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in obesity treatment research was established. The S.Q.O.T. II online and S.Q.O.T. III face-to-face hybrid consensus meetings were held in October 2021 and May 2022. The meetings were led by an independent moderator specializing in PRO measurement. Nominal group techniques, Delphi exercises, and anonymous voting were used to select the most suitable PROMs by consensus. The meetings were attended by 28 and 27 participants, respectively, including a geographically diverse selection of people living with obesity (PLWO) and experts from various disciplines. Out of 24 PROs and 16 PROMs identified in the first S.Q.O.T. consensus meeting, the following nine PROs and three PROMs were selected via consensus: BODY-Q (physical function, physical symptoms, psychological function, social function, eating behavior, and body image), IWQOL-Lite (self-esteem), and QOLOS (excess skin). No PROM was selected to measure stigma as existing PROMs deemed to be inadequate. A core set of PROMs to measure QoL in research focused on obesity treatment has been selected incorporating patients' and experts' opinions. This core set should serve as a minimum to use in obesity research studies and can be combined with clinical parameters.
{"title":"A Core set of patient-reported outcome measures to measure quality of life in obesity treatment research.","authors":"Phillip J Dijkhorst, Claire E E de Vries, Caroline B Terwee, Ignace M C Janssen, Ronald S L Liem, Bart A van Wagensveld, Johan Ottosson, Bruno Halpern, Stuart W Flint, Elisabeth F C van Rossum, Alend Saadi, Lisa West-Smith, Mary O'Kane, Jason C G Halford, Karen D Coulman, Salman Al-Sabah, John B Dixon, Wendy A Brown, Ximena Ramos Salas, Maarten M Hoogbergen, Sally Abbott, Alyssa J Budin, Jennifer F Holland, Lotte Poulsen, Richard Welbourn, Bernardo Rea Ruanova, John M Morton, Francois Pattou, Erman O Akpinar, Stephanie Sogg, Jacques M Himpens, Vanessa Osborne, Natasja Wijling, Laura Divine, Nadya Isack, Susie Birney, J M Bernadette Keenan, Joe Nadglowski, Jacqueline Bowman, Ken Clare, Riccardo Meloni, Sandra de Blaeij, Theodore K Kyle, Melanie Bahlke, Andrew Healing, Ian Patton, Valerie M Monpellier","doi":"10.1111/obr.13849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.13849","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The lack of standardization in patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) has made measurement and comparison of quality of life (QoL) outcomes in research focused on obesity treatment challenging. This study reports on the results of the second and third global multidisciplinary Standardizing Quality of life measures in Obesity Treatment (S.Q.O.T.) consensus meetings, where a core set of PROMs to measure nine previously selected patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in obesity treatment research was established. The S.Q.O.T. II online and S.Q.O.T. III face-to-face hybrid consensus meetings were held in October 2021 and May 2022. The meetings were led by an independent moderator specializing in PRO measurement. Nominal group techniques, Delphi exercises, and anonymous voting were used to select the most suitable PROMs by consensus. The meetings were attended by 28 and 27 participants, respectively, including a geographically diverse selection of people living with obesity (PLWO) and experts from various disciplines. Out of 24 PROs and 16 PROMs identified in the first S.Q.O.T. consensus meeting, the following nine PROs and three PROMs were selected via consensus: BODY-Q (physical function, physical symptoms, psychological function, social function, eating behavior, and body image), IWQOL-Lite (self-esteem), and QOLOS (excess skin). No PROM was selected to measure stigma as existing PROMs deemed to be inadequate. A core set of PROMs to measure QoL in research focused on obesity treatment has been selected incorporating patients' and experts' opinions. This core set should serve as a minimum to use in obesity research studies and can be combined with clinical parameters.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e13849"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142454271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Georg Halbeisen, Marie Pahlenkemper, Luisa Sabel, Candice Richardson, Zaida Agüera, Fernando Fernandez-Aranda, Georgios Paslakis
Food addiction (FA) could be a potential prognostic factor of weight loss intervention outcomes. This systematic review with meta-analysis aimed to (1) estimate this prognostic effect of FA diagnosis and symptom count in individuals with overweight or obesity and (2) explore potential sources of heterogeneity based on properties of the weight loss intervention, study, and sample (e.g., age, gender, ethnicity). We searched PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science for studies reporting on associations between pre-intervention FA (assessed with the Yale Food Addiction Scale) and weight outcomes after weight loss intervention in individuals with overweight or obesity without a medically diagnosed eating disorder. Twenty-five studies met inclusion criteria, including 4904 individuals (71% women, Mage = 41 years, BMI = 40.82 kg/m2), k = 18 correlations of weight loss with FA symptom count, and k = 21 mean differences between FA diagnosis groups. Pooled estimates of random-effects meta-analyses found limited support for a detrimental effect of FA symptom count and diagnosis on weight loss intervention outcomes. Negative associations with FA increased for behavioral weight loss interventions and among more ethnically diverse samples. More research on the interaction of FA with pre-existing mental health problems and environmental factors is needed.
食物成瘾(FA)可能是减肥干预结果的潜在预后因素。本系统综述和荟萃分析旨在:(1)估算超重或肥胖患者的食物成瘾诊断和症状计数对预后的影响;(2)根据减肥干预、研究和样本(如年龄、性别、种族)的特性,探索异质性的潜在来源。我们在 PubMed、PsycINFO 和 Web of Science 上检索了有关干预前 FA(用耶鲁食物成瘾量表评估)与减肥干预后体重结果之间关系的研究报告,研究对象为超重或肥胖且无医学诊断饮食失调的患者。25 项研究符合纳入标准,包括 4904 人(71% 为女性,年龄 = 41 岁,体重指数 = 40.82 kg/m2),体重减轻与 FA 症状计数的相关性 k = 18,FA 诊断组间的平均差异 k = 21。随机效应荟萃分析的汇总估计值发现,FA 症状数和诊断对减肥干预结果的不利影响得到了有限的支持。在行为减肥干预和种族更多样化的样本中,与 FA 的负相关增加。需要对 FA 与原有心理健康问题和环境因素的相互作用进行更多研究。
{"title":"The prognostic role of food addiction for weight loss treatment outcomes in individuals with overweight and obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Georg Halbeisen, Marie Pahlenkemper, Luisa Sabel, Candice Richardson, Zaida Agüera, Fernando Fernandez-Aranda, Georgios Paslakis","doi":"10.1111/obr.13851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.13851","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Food addiction (FA) could be a potential prognostic factor of weight loss intervention outcomes. This systematic review with meta-analysis aimed to (1) estimate this prognostic effect of FA diagnosis and symptom count in individuals with overweight or obesity and (2) explore potential sources of heterogeneity based on properties of the weight loss intervention, study, and sample (e.g., age, gender, ethnicity). We searched PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science for studies reporting on associations between pre-intervention FA (assessed with the Yale Food Addiction Scale) and weight outcomes after weight loss intervention in individuals with overweight or obesity without a medically diagnosed eating disorder. Twenty-five studies met inclusion criteria, including 4904 individuals (71% women, M<sub>age</sub> = 41 years, BMI = 40.82 kg/m<sup>2</sup>), k = 18 correlations of weight loss with FA symptom count, and k = 21 mean differences between FA diagnosis groups. Pooled estimates of random-effects meta-analyses found limited support for a detrimental effect of FA symptom count and diagnosis on weight loss intervention outcomes. Negative associations with FA increased for behavioral weight loss interventions and among more ethnically diverse samples. More research on the interaction of FA with pre-existing mental health problems and environmental factors is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e13851"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142454273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Although chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with obesity, few studies have used visceral adipose tissue (VAT) as an indicator to investigate its causal effect on CKD. Therefore, Mendelian randomization (MR) was employed to study the causal effects of VAT on CKD and its potential mediation by hypertension. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) statistics on VAT exposure were obtained from the UK Biobank, while GWAS datasets of CKD outcomes were obtained from CKDGen and FinnGen (validation study). Furthermore, VAT was considered the exposure, with the estimated glomerular filtration rate based on creatinine (eGFR (crea)), estimated glomerular filtration rate based on cystatin C (eGFR(cys)), and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) employed to assess the causal effect of VAT on kidney test indicators. Lastly, a two-step MR method was used to study the mediating role of hypertension in the pathogenesis of VAT among patients with CKD. VAT exhibited a positive causal association with CKD, irrespective of whether the GWAS datasets from CKDGen (odds ratio [OR] = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.08 to 1.29, P = 1.433140e-04) or FinnGen (1.47, 1.30 to 1.67, p = 2.500000e-09). VAT was not causally associated with eGFR (crea) (1.00, 0.99 to 1.00, p = 0.53), was negatively associated with eGFR (cys) (0.95, 0.93 to 0.97, P = 5.070000e-10), and was positively associated with BUN (1.02,1.01 to 1.02, P = 7.824860e-04). The mediating effect of VAT on CKD via hypertension was 45.8% (95% CI: 26.4 65.1). VAT has a positive causal effect on CKD, with hypertension playing a significant role. However, the effects of VAT on renal function indicators require further investigation.
{"title":"Causality of visceral adipose tissue on chronic kidney disease and renal function measure indicators, and mediation role of hypertension: Mendelian randomization study.","authors":"Teng-Yu Gao, Jun-Chi Wang, Qi-Jian Zhao, Xiang-Ning Zhou, Yu-Ting Jiang, Lian Ren, Chao Zhang","doi":"10.1111/obr.13845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.13845","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with obesity, few studies have used visceral adipose tissue (VAT) as an indicator to investigate its causal effect on CKD. Therefore, Mendelian randomization (MR) was employed to study the causal effects of VAT on CKD and its potential mediation by hypertension. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) statistics on VAT exposure were obtained from the UK Biobank, while GWAS datasets of CKD outcomes were obtained from CKDGen and FinnGen (validation study). Furthermore, VAT was considered the exposure, with the estimated glomerular filtration rate based on creatinine (eGFR (crea)), estimated glomerular filtration rate based on cystatin C (eGFR(cys)), and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) employed to assess the causal effect of VAT on kidney test indicators. Lastly, a two-step MR method was used to study the mediating role of hypertension in the pathogenesis of VAT among patients with CKD. VAT exhibited a positive causal association with CKD, irrespective of whether the GWAS datasets from CKDGen (odds ratio [OR] = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.08 to 1.29, P = 1.433140e-04) or FinnGen (1.47, 1.30 to 1.67, p = 2.500000e-09). VAT was not causally associated with eGFR (crea) (1.00, 0.99 to 1.00, p = 0.53), was negatively associated with eGFR (cys) (0.95, 0.93 to 0.97, P = 5.070000e-10), and was positively associated with BUN (1.02,1.01 to 1.02, P = 7.824860e-04). The mediating effect of VAT on CKD via hypertension was 45.8% (95% CI: 26.4 65.1). VAT has a positive causal effect on CKD, with hypertension playing a significant role. However, the effects of VAT on renal function indicators require further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e13845"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142398864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Steven B Heymsfield, John D Sorkin, Diana M Thomas, Shengping Yang, Moonseong Heo, Cassidy McCarthy, Jasmine Brown, Angelo Pietrobelli
A footnote in Adolphe Quetelet's classic 1835 Treatise on Man described his algebraic analysis of how body weight ( ) varies with height ( ) in adult males and females. Using data on 12 short and 12 tall subjects of each sex, Quetelet established the rule that is approximately proportional ( ) to H2 in adults; that is, when for some constant . Quetelet's Rule ( ), transformed and renamed in the twentieth century to body mass index ( ), is now a globally applied phenotypic descriptor of adiposity at the individual and population level. The journey from footnote to ubiquitous adiposity measure traveled through hundreds of scientific reports and many more lay publications. The recent introduction of highly effective pharmacologic weight loss treatments has heightened scrutiny of BMI's origins and appropriateness as a gateway marker for diagnosing and monitoring people with obesity. This contemporary context prompted the current report that delves into the biological and mathematical paradigms that underlie the simple index . Students and practitioners can improve or gain new insights into their understanding of BMI's historical origins and quantitative underpinning from the provided overview, facilitating informed use of BMI and related indices in research and clinical settings.
阿道夫-奎特莱(Adolphe Quetelet)在 1835 年的经典著作《人论》中的一个脚注描述了他对成年男性和女性体重(W $$ W $$)随身高(H $$ H $$)变化的代数分析。奎特莱利用男女各12名矮个子和12名高个子受试者的数据,建立了成人W $$ W $$与H2近似成正比(∝ $$ propto $$)的规则;也就是说,当W ≈ α H 2 $$ Wapprox alpha {H}^2$为某个常数α $$ alpha $$时,W ∝ H 2 $$ Wpropto {H}^2$。Quetelet's Rule ( W ∝ H 2 $$ Wpropto {H}^2 $$),在二十世纪被转换并更名为身体质量指数(BMI = W / H 2 $$ mathrm{BMI}=W/{H}^2$$),现在已成为全球应用的个体和人群脂肪含量的表型描述符。从脚注到无处不在的脂肪测量方法,其间经历了数百份科学报告和更多的非专业出版物。最近推出的高效药物减肥疗法,使人们更加关注 BMI 作为诊断和监测肥胖症患者的入口标志的起源和适宜性。在这一时代背景下,本报告深入探讨了简单指数 BMI = W / H 2 $$ mathrm{BMI}=W/{H}^2 $$ 的生物学和数学范式。学生和从业人员可以从所提供的概述中提高对 BMI 的历史渊源和定量基础的理解或获得新的见解,从而有助于在研究和临床环境中明智地使用 BMI 和相关指数。
{"title":"Weight/height<sup>2</sup>: Mathematical overview of the world's most widely used adiposity index.","authors":"Steven B Heymsfield, John D Sorkin, Diana M Thomas, Shengping Yang, Moonseong Heo, Cassidy McCarthy, Jasmine Brown, Angelo Pietrobelli","doi":"10.1111/obr.13842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.13842","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A footnote in Adolphe Quetelet's classic 1835 Treatise on Man described his algebraic analysis of how body weight ( <math> <semantics><mrow><mi>W</mi></mrow> <annotation>$$ W $$</annotation></semantics> </math> ) varies with height ( <math> <semantics><mrow><mi>H</mi></mrow> <annotation>$$ H $$</annotation></semantics> </math> ) in adult males and females. Using data on 12 short and 12 tall subjects of each sex, Quetelet established the rule that <math> <semantics><mrow><mi>W</mi></mrow> <annotation>$$ W $$</annotation></semantics> </math> is approximately proportional ( <math> <semantics><mrow><mo>∝</mo></mrow> <annotation>$$ propto $$</annotation></semantics> </math> ) to H<sup>2</sup> in adults; that is, <math> <semantics><mrow><mi>W</mi> <mo>∝</mo> <msup><mi>H</mi> <mn>2</mn></msup> </mrow> <annotation>$$ Wpropto {H}^2 $$</annotation></semantics> </math> when <math> <semantics><mrow><mi>W</mi> <mo>≈</mo> <mi>α</mi> <msup><mi>H</mi> <mn>2</mn></msup> </mrow> <annotation>$$ Wapprox alpha {H}^2 $$</annotation></semantics> </math> for some constant <math> <semantics><mrow><mi>α</mi></mrow> <annotation>$$ alpha $$</annotation></semantics> </math> . Quetelet's Rule ( <math> <semantics><mrow><mi>W</mi> <mo>∝</mo> <msup><mi>H</mi> <mn>2</mn></msup> </mrow> <annotation>$$ Wpropto {H}^2 $$</annotation></semantics> </math> ), transformed and renamed in the twentieth century to body mass index ( <math> <semantics><mrow><mi>BMI</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>W</mi> <mo>/</mo> <msup><mi>H</mi> <mn>2</mn></msup> </mrow> <annotation>$$ mathrm{BMI}=W/{H}^2 $$</annotation></semantics> </math> ), is now a globally applied phenotypic descriptor of adiposity at the individual and population level. The journey from footnote to ubiquitous adiposity measure traveled through hundreds of scientific reports and many more lay publications. The recent introduction of highly effective pharmacologic weight loss treatments has heightened scrutiny of BMI's origins and appropriateness as a gateway marker for diagnosing and monitoring people with obesity. This contemporary context prompted the current report that delves into the biological and mathematical paradigms that underlie the simple index <math> <semantics><mrow><mi>BMI</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>W</mi> <mo>/</mo> <msup><mi>H</mi> <mn>2</mn></msup> </mrow> <annotation>$$ mathrm{BMI}=W/{H}^2 $$</annotation></semantics> </math> . Students and practitioners can improve or gain new insights into their understanding of BMI's historical origins and quantitative underpinning from the provided overview, facilitating informed use of BMI and related indices in research and clinical settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e13842"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142398865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}