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Advanced Materials Reasearch and Corrosion Protection 先进材料研究与腐蚀防护
Pub Date : 2024-06-11 DOI: 10.4028/b-aseyx0
Ramesh K. Agarwal, X. Zhu, Sandip A. Kale
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引用次数: 0
Mitigation of Erosion Wear Produced by Fly-Ash Slurry on 900 Elbow by Changing the Cross-Section Shape and Area Ratio 通过改变截面形状和面积比减轻粉煤灰浆液对 900 弯头造成的侵蚀磨损
Pub Date : 2024-06-11 DOI: 10.4028/p-wp81hq
Latchupatula Ananya, Vivek Kumar Patel
The predominant method of transporting fly ash involves conveying it in slurry form through pipelines within diverse industrial facilities. The key elements of slurry conveyance encompass bends, pumps, and valves. These components of the pipeline endure significant erosion and wear due to the impact of discrete particles. In this investigation, the study assessed the wear induced by slurry erosion in conventional 900 pipe bend and 900 square section elbows of different area ratios using ANSYS Fluent. The discrete phase model was used to estimate the slurry erosion wear for the fly ash-water suspension. From the investigation, the outcomes from the standard k-turbulence model were discovered to be in agreement with the experimental data. This study also looked at a number of other influencing factors, such as the solid concentration and velocity. The analysis reveals that the average erosion wear is lower in the square cross-section elbow compared to the standard elbow. Furthermore, the erosion wear is observed to decrease further with an increase in the cross-sectional area of the square section elbow.
粉煤灰的主要运输方法是在各种工业设施内通过管道以泥浆形式输送。泥浆输送的关键部件包括弯管、泵和阀门。由于离散颗粒的影响,管道的这些部件会受到严重的侵蚀和磨损。在这项研究中,研究人员使用 ANSYS Fluent 评估了不同面积比的传统 900 弯管和 900 方形截面弯头因泥浆侵蚀而引起的磨损。离散相模型用于估算粉煤灰-水悬浮液的浆液侵蚀磨损。调查发现,标准 k 湍流模型的结果与实验数据一致。这项研究还考察了其他一些影响因素,如固体浓度和速度。分析表明,与标准弯头相比,方形截面弯头的平均侵蚀磨损更低。此外,随着方形截面弯头横截面积的增大,侵蚀磨损也会进一步减小。
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引用次数: 0
A Study on Alloy Characterizations for Long Term Service Based Effects on Materials 基于长期使用对材料影响的合金特征研究
Pub Date : 2024-06-11 DOI: 10.4028/p-lg9s3v
Alwaleed Alduaij, Hariharan Sundaram
Materials are a core part of the development in mechanical turbines, where there is always potential for life-improvement. The demand for alloys with durability, low cost, and long service cycles are evergreen. The materials used in turbomachinery must have excellent resistance to thermal fatigue, as well as high temperature oxidation and corrosion resistance. Good creep resistance is also an important consideration, especially for large blades and multi-airfoil latter stage nozzles. Development of new alloy compositions and material characterization plays a critical role in advanced machinery evolution. In this work, some of the available characterization methods are applied to analyze and study the effect of heat treatment, service effect and aging on alloys.
材料是机械涡轮机开发的核心部分,其使用寿命始终有可能得到提高。对耐久性、低成本和长服务周期合金的需求常青不衰。涡轮机械中使用的材料必须具有出色的抗热疲劳性、高温抗氧化性和抗腐蚀性。良好的抗蠕变性也是一个重要的考虑因素,尤其是对于大型叶片和多翼面后级喷嘴。新合金成分的开发和材料表征在先进机械的发展中起着至关重要的作用。在这项工作中,一些可用的表征方法被用于分析和研究热处理、服役效应和老化对合金的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Surface Finish Optimization of Vapor Smoothened PLA Fabricated Parts with Microstructural Analysis 利用微结构分析优化蒸汽平滑聚乳酸制件的表面光洁度
Pub Date : 2024-06-11 DOI: 10.4028/p-2mohbc
Charles Edward Alviar, B. Basilia
Additive Manufacturing (AM) is a product creation method done layer-by-layer. This process tends to create an unwanted feature known as staircase effect. Vapor smoothing is considered a viable solution for polymer-based AM products to minimized surface roughness. Research literature concerning vapor smoothing of polylactic acid (PLA) parts generally limited unlike its ABS counterpart. This research aims to identify optimum level for both chamber temperature and exposure time of the AM product. Two methods were used to compare their outputs with one another. The two methods are surface roughness tester and optical microscopy. The results provided an impressive 50.88 and 62.72% improvement based on the two test methods. Lastly, a contour-plot was generated to provide future users a guideline if they want to conduct research similar study.
快速成型制造(AM)是一种逐层制造产品的方法。这种工艺往往会产生一种不必要的特征,即阶梯效应。对于基于聚合物的增材制造产品,蒸汽平滑被认为是将表面粗糙度降至最低的可行解决方案。与聚乳酸(PLA)部件的 ABS 对应部件不同,有关聚乳酸(PLA)部件蒸汽平滑处理的研究文献普遍有限。本研究旨在确定 AM 产品的腔室温度和曝光时间的最佳水平。研究采用了两种方法来比较它们的结果。这两种方法是表面粗糙度测试仪和光学显微镜。结果显示,这两种测试方法分别提高了 50.88% 和 62.72%。最后,还生成了等高线图,为今后用户开展类似研究提供指导。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of Adding Minor Cu Amounts on Stability of Constituent Phases in AlxCrFeMnNi High Entropy Alloy Microstructure 添加少量铜对 AlxCrFeMnNi 高熵合金微观结构中成分相稳定性的影响
Pub Date : 2024-06-11 DOI: 10.4028/p-hjge0d
Mohammad Navazani, S. Kada, D. Fabijanic, M. Barnett
A family of AlxCuyCrFeMnNi (x=0, 0.15, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9 and y=0, 0.07, 0.14) high entropy alloys (HEA) were arc cast and then heat treated for 24h at 1100֯C-1150֯C followed by water quench. The microstructure of low Al alloys (Al0Cux and Al0.15Cux) consisted of FCC and BCC phases. Al0.3Cux showed an additional ordered precipitate phase. High Al alloys (Al0.6Cux and Al0.9Cux) consisted of two BCC phases rich in Cr-Fe and Ni-Al. In the present study, the phases formed in the microstructures were evaluated in light of valence electron concentration (VEC), Hume-Rothery (H-R) and degree of partitioning. Although VEC successfully predicts the impact of Al and Cu on the trend of FCC-BCC phase formation, the parameter does not accurately predict the structure of high Al alloys. A good agreement was observed between H-R rules prediction and the experiments which might be ascribed to the high temperature equilibrium phases developed by the heat treatment. As per these criteria, increasing Cu (up to 3at.%) and decreasing Al promote formation of solid solution phases. Adding minor amounts of Cu avoids the Cu partitioning that besets high Cu HEAs.
对一系列 AlxCuyCrFeMnNi(x=0,0.15,0.3,0.6,0.9 和 y=0,0.07,0.14)高熵合金(HEA)进行电弧铸造,然后在 1100֯C-1150֯C 温度下热处理 24 小时,接着进行水淬。低铝合金(Al0Cux 和 Al0.15Cux)的微观结构由 FCC 相和 BCC 相组成。Al0.3Cux 显示出一种额外的有序沉淀相。高铝合金(Al0.6Cux 和 Al0.9Cux)由富含铬-铁和镍-铝的两个 BCC 相组成。本研究根据价电子浓度(VEC)、Hume-Rothery(H-R)和分区程度对微结构中形成的相进行了评估。虽然 VEC 成功预测了铝和铜对 FCC-BCC 相形成趋势的影响,但该参数并不能准确预测高铝合金的结构。H-R 规则的预测结果与实验结果之间存在良好的一致性,这可能归因于热处理过程中形成的高温平衡相。根据这些标准,增加铜(最多 3%)和减少铝会促进固溶相的形成。添加少量的铜可避免困扰高铜 HEA 的铜分配问题。
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引用次数: 0
Investigation of the Mechanical Properties of Urethane Dimethacrylate (UDMA) Reinforced with Abaca Cellulose for Vat Photopolymerization (VP) 用于槽式光聚合(VP)的纤维素增强聚氨酯二甲基丙烯酸酯(UDMA)的机械性能研究
Pub Date : 2024-06-11 DOI: 10.4028/p-sdep9x
Chelsea A. Dela Cruz, Jose Angelo M. Medenilla, B. Basilia
Additive manufacturing (AM) was developed to cope with the demand for manufacturing goods. It ensures faster production and high waste reduction but is limited by material compatibility. One of the technologies in AM is Vat Photopolymerization (VP). It is a type of AM that uses photopolymer resin and UV light for polymerization. Various materials had been studied to improve the mechanical properties of the photopolymer resin by adding additives from indigenous sources. This study extracted cellulose from abaca and modified it by cross-linking it with Polyethylene Glycol (PEG). The cross-linked abaca cellulose (CAC) was investigated as an additive in the photopolymer resin with fiber loading of 3 wt.%, 6 wt.% and 9 wt.%. Fourier Transform-Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) shows that the presence of the oxygenated functional groups in resin and CAC can interact to form hydrogen bonds. Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) showed better thermal stability with the addition of 9 wt.% CAC compared to pure UDMA. Furthermore, the glass transition (Tg) decreased with the addition of CAC by 8.29 °C. The Tensile Test showed that 3 wt.% of CAC resulted in the highest value for tensile strength and toughness with an 11.27% increase for tensile strength and 133.46% for toughness. The elastic modulus increased with fiber loadings and had increased by 48.51% at 9 wt.% of CAC. Based on the results, the effect of adding abaca cellulose into a UDMA based resin had improved the thermal stability and mechanical properties of the composites.
增材制造(AM)是为了满足制造产品的需求而开发的。它能确保更快的生产速度并减少大量废料,但受到材料兼容性的限制。大桶光聚合(VP)是 AM 的技术之一。这是一种使用光聚合物树脂和紫外线进行聚合的 AM 技术。人们研究了各种材料,通过添加本地来源的添加剂来改善光聚合物树脂的机械性能。本研究从刺槐中提取纤维素,并通过与聚乙二醇(PEG)交联对其进行改性。研究将交联的天麻纤维素(CAC)作为光聚合物树脂的添加剂,纤维含量分别为 3 wt.%、6 wt.% 和 9 wt.%。傅立叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)显示,树脂中的含氧官能团和 CAC 可以相互作用形成氢键。热重分析(TGA)显示,与纯 UDMA 相比,添加 9 wt.% CAC 后的热稳定性更好。此外,添加 CAC 后,玻璃化转变温度(Tg)降低了 8.29 °C。拉伸测试表明,3 wt.% 的 CAC 使拉伸强度和韧性达到最高值,拉伸强度提高了 11.27%,韧性提高了 133.46%。弹性模量随着纤维负载的增加而增加,当 CAC 的重量百分比为 9 时,弹性模量增加了 48.51%。根据研究结果,在 UDMA 树脂中添加阿拉伯纤维素可提高复合材料的热稳定性和机械性能。
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引用次数: 0
Investigation of the Adsorption Characteristics of Theobroma cacao Peels Biomass Inhibitors on Mild Steel Surfaces by EIS, SEM-EDX, XPS, and Chemical Studies in Acidic Media 在酸性介质中通过 EIS、SEM-EDX、XPS 和化学研究探究可可豆皮生物质抑制剂在低碳钢表面的吸附特性
Pub Date : 2024-06-11 DOI: 10.4028/p-qz0pld
Y. Yetri, Gunawarman Gunawarman, Rakiman Rakiman, Adri Yanti Rivai, Ichlas Nur
Investigators used Potentiodynamic Polarization, Spectroscopy of Electrochemical Impedance (EIS), Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX), Spectroscopy of X-Ray Photoelectron (XPS), and chemical studies to examine the inhibitory effect of Theobroma cacao peel extract (TCPE) on mild steel (MS) corrosion in 1.5M HCl. Studies of electrochemical data indicate that, TCPE reduces MS corrosion through adsorption using a mixed inhibition mechanism. As the inhibitor concentration grows and temperatures lowers, TCPE becomes more protective. The adsorption of TCPE molecules on the MS surface is controlled by the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. To determine the correlation between the hampers effect and the structure of TCPE molecular, a number of chemical characteristics were computed.
研究人员使用电位动力极化、电化学阻抗光谱(EIS)、扫描电子显微镜-能量色散 X 射线(SEM-EDX)、X 射线光电子能谱(XPS)和化学研究来检验可可豆皮提取物(TCPE)在 1.5M HCl 中对低碳钢(MS)腐蚀的抑制作用。电化学数据研究表明,TCPE 通过混合抑制机制的吸附作用减少了 MS 的腐蚀。随着抑制剂浓度的增加和温度的降低,TCPE 的保护作用越来越强。TCPE 分子在 MS 表面的吸附受 Langmuir 吸附等温线控制。为了确定阻滞剂效应与 TCPE 分子结构之间的相关性,计算了一些化学特征。
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引用次数: 0
Tribological Properties of Spark Plasma Sintered Ti48Al48Cr2Nb2 Alloy 火花等离子烧结 Ti48Al48Cr2Nb2 合金的摩擦学特性
Pub Date : 2024-06-11 DOI: 10.4028/p-gu44en
M. R. Mphahlele, P. Olubambi, Eugene Olevsky
Ti48Al48Cr2Nb2 intermetallic alloy was studied for its tribological properties. The as-received TiAl alloy was prepared by spark plasma sintering (SPS) at 1200 °C for 5 and 7 min using 50 and 100 °C/min heating rates. Wear tests were done on the sintered TiAl under 10 N at room temperature in air. Results showed that an increase in relative density and superior microhardness led to a reduced material loss in the sample sintered for 7.5 min using a 100 °C/min heating rate. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the worn surface showed the wear widths and wear marks on the surface of TiAl alloy. The wear track width indicated the degree of wear, and the samples sintered for 7.5 min using a 100 °C/min heating rate showed improvement in wear resistance.
研究了 Ti48Al48Cr2Nb2 金属间合金的摩擦学特性。通过火花等离子烧结法(SPS)在 1200 °C、5 和 7 分钟、50 和 100 °C/分钟的加热速率下制备出了待回收的 TiAl 合金。烧结后的 TiAl 在室温空气中 10 N 条件下进行了磨损测试。结果表明,相对密度的增加和优异的显微硬度降低了使用 100 °C/min 升温速率烧结 7.5 分钟的样品的材料损耗。磨损表面的扫描电子显微镜(SEM)图像显示了钛铝合金表面的磨损宽度和磨损痕迹。磨损痕迹宽度表明了磨损程度,使用 100 °C/min 升温速率烧结 7.5 分钟的样品耐磨性有所改善。
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引用次数: 0
Corrosion Inhibitive Effects of Orange Juice for Brass in Acidic Medium 5M H2SO4 5M H2SO4 酸性介质中橙汁对黄铜的缓蚀作用
Pub Date : 2024-06-11 DOI: 10.4028/p-lj6vev
Lebogang Lebea, Mothibeli Pita
Researchers continue to be concerned about corrosion of materials, which motivates them to start projects to address the harmful impacts of this phenomena that affects the desired function of our materials, especially in industries where acid is used in the process of cleaning machines. The purpose of this study is to reduce the corrosion rate of brass in 5M solution of H2SO4 acid using orange juice as inhibitor. The study was conducted using weight loss method. It was observed that for 24 hours the corrosion rate was higher for acid and decreased as the inhibitor was added. In all samples the corrosion rate decreases as the inhibitor were added, however improves over time. For 24 hours the efficiency was higher for acid + 100mil at 14% and it became constant after 48hrs at 32,7%. However, for 72 – 96 hours acid + inhibitor of 60mil there efficiency reported to be 54.3 and 56.4%. Keywords-orange juice, inhibitor, corrosion, acid, efficiency.
研究人员持续关注材料的腐蚀问题,这促使他们启动项目,以解决这一影响材料预期功能的有害现象,尤其是在清洗机器过程中使用酸的行业。本研究的目的是使用橙汁作为抑制剂,降低黄铜在 5M H2SO4 酸溶液中的腐蚀率。研究采用失重法进行。结果表明,在 24 小时内,酸的腐蚀速率较高,而随着抑制剂的添加,腐蚀速率逐渐降低。在所有样品中,腐蚀率随着抑制剂的添加而降低,但随着时间的推移会有所改善。24 小时内,酸 + 100mil 的效率较高,为 14%,48 小时后保持不变,为 32.7%。然而,在 72 - 96 小时内,酸+60 毫升抑制剂的效率分别为 54.3% 和 56.4%。关键词:橙汁、抑制剂、腐蚀、酸、效率。
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引用次数: 0
Integrated Phase Field and Machine Learning Study of Microstructure Evolution during Interface-Controlled Spinodal Decomposition 界面控制旋极分解过程中微结构演变的综合相场和机器学习研究
Pub Date : 2024-06-11 DOI: 10.4028/p-6w4ixl
Owais Ahmad, Rakesh Maurya, Rajdip Mukherjee, Somnath Bhowmick
This study leverages artificial intelligence (AI) to advance materials science, focusing on microstructural evolution in binary alloys during spinodal decomposition. Following the formulation of Zhu et al., we explore the microstructure evolution during interface-controlled spinodal decomposition. A comprehensive dataset captures the dynamic microstructural changes, highlighting the model's efficiency in analyzing complex data. The innovative use of an Autoencoder- ConvLSTM model enables precise, low-error microstructural transformation predictions, demonstrating AI’s potential in materials science research. This work provides a deeper understanding of material behaviors and offers new research directions.
本研究利用人工智能(AI)推动材料科学的发展,重点研究二元合金在旋光分解过程中的微观结构演变。按照 Zhu 等人的公式,我们探索了界面控制的旋光分解过程中的微观结构演变。一个全面的数据集捕捉了微观结构的动态变化,凸显了模型分析复杂数据的效率。自动编码器-ConvLSTM 模型的创新使用实现了精确、低误差的微观结构变化预测,展示了人工智能在材料科学研究中的潜力。这项工作加深了对材料行为的理解,并提供了新的研究方向。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Solid State Phenomena
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