Eslam Aboelazm, C. Khe, Muhammad Fadhlullah Abd Shukur, M. S. M. Saheed, Gomaa Abdelgawad Mohammed Ali, K. Chong
Coordination polymers, a broad class of porous hybrid materials resulting from the connection of metal ions with organic ligands, showcase enduring porosity, well-organised crystalline structures, and open metal active sites that augment their metal ions' redox activity. This investigation focuses on examining a nanocomposite composed of cobalt carbide/reduced graphene oxide (Co3C/rGO) prepared through the copolymer method, serving as an electrode material for supercapacitor devices. The nanocomposite's structure and hollow cubic morphology were confirmed through X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) analysis. Electrochemical properties were thoroughly assessed using cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and galvanostatic charge/discharge in 6M KOH with a voltage window of 0 V to 0.5 V. The Co3C/rGO electrode exhibited notable electrochemical performance, displaying a specific capacitance of 486.6 F g-1 at 1 mV s-1 and a low internal resistance of 0.58 Ω, surpassing existing literature due to its porous morphology. Additionally, to evaluate the nanocomposite's cycling stability, 5000 charge/discharge cycles were conducted, revealing a capacitive retention of 82% of its original capacitance after 5000 cycles. This underscores its excellent long-term durability as a high-performance material for supercapacitor applications.
配位聚合物是由金属离子与有机配体连接而成的一大类多孔杂化材料，具有持久的孔隙率、组织良好的晶体结构和开放的金属活性位点，可增强金属离子的氧化还原活性。本研究的重点是通过共聚法制备一种由碳化钴/还原氧化石墨烯（Co3C/rGO）组成的纳米复合材料，作为超级电容器设备的电极材料。通过 X 射线衍射、拉曼光谱和场发射扫描电子显微镜（FESEM）分析，确认了纳米复合材料的结构和中空立方体形态。利用循环伏安法、电化学阻抗光谱法以及在 6M KOH 中 0 V 至 0.5 V 的电压窗口进行电静态充放电，对电化学特性进行了全面评估。Co3C/rGO 电极表现出显著的电化学性能，在 1 mV s-1 的条件下，比电容为 486.6 F g-1，内阻低至 0.58 Ω，由于其多孔形态，超过了现有文献的研究结果。此外，为了评估纳米复合材料的循环稳定性，还对其进行了 5000 次充电/放电循环，结果表明在 5000 次循环后，其电容保持率为原始电容的 82%。这凸显了其作为超级电容器应用的高性能材料所具有的出色的长期耐用性。
{"title":"Hollow Cobalt Carbide Cubes / Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite via Cyanide Coordination Polymer for Supercapacitor Applications","authors":"Eslam Aboelazm, C. Khe, Muhammad Fadhlullah Abd Shukur, M. S. M. Saheed, Gomaa Abdelgawad Mohammed Ali, K. Chong","doi":"10.4028/p-5jydaj","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-5jydaj","url":null,"abstract":"Coordination polymers, a broad class of porous hybrid materials resulting from the connection of metal ions with organic ligands, showcase enduring porosity, well-organised crystalline structures, and open metal active sites that augment their metal ions' redox activity. This investigation focuses on examining a nanocomposite composed of cobalt carbide/reduced graphene oxide (Co3C/rGO) prepared through the copolymer method, serving as an electrode material for supercapacitor devices. The nanocomposite's structure and hollow cubic morphology were confirmed through X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) analysis. Electrochemical properties were thoroughly assessed using cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and galvanostatic charge/discharge in 6M KOH with a voltage window of 0 V to 0.5 V. The Co3C/rGO electrode exhibited notable electrochemical performance, displaying a specific capacitance of 486.6 F g-1 at 1 mV s-1 and a low internal resistance of 0.58 Ω, surpassing existing literature due to its porous morphology. Additionally, to evaluate the nanocomposite's cycling stability, 5000 charge/discharge cycles were conducted, revealing a capacitive retention of 82% of its original capacitance after 5000 cycles. This underscores its excellent long-term durability as a high-performance material for supercapacitor applications.","PeriodicalId":21754,"journal":{"name":"Solid State Phenomena","volume":"386 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139834401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. L. Lawal, S. Afolalu, Tien Chien Jen, E. Akinlabi
Alloy steel is known to be different from carbon steel due to the presence of the alloying element in varying compositions which is usually done for the purpose of modifying and improving the performance of the steel. However, a major problem with the alloy steel is that it usually exhibits different behavior in terms of the microstructures and the mechanical properties, especially, in sulphide environment. Thus, this study focused on the different microstructure of alloy steel and their performance in different environment with strong emphasis in sulphide environment. It was established in the study that a major problem of alloy steel in hydrogen sulphide environment is the sulphide stress cracking which is attributed to the presence of hydrogen and its absorption by the alloy steel. Hence, this study provides a potential guide and information on the capacity of the grades of alloy steel that can thrive in sulphide environment.
{"title":"Emerging Behaviour of Alloy Steel Microstructure in Hydrogen Sulphide Environment - A Review","authors":"S. L. Lawal, S. Afolalu, Tien Chien Jen, E. Akinlabi","doi":"10.4028/p-kyn9at","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-kyn9at","url":null,"abstract":"Alloy steel is known to be different from carbon steel due to the presence of the alloying element in varying compositions which is usually done for the purpose of modifying and improving the performance of the steel. However, a major problem with the alloy steel is that it usually exhibits different behavior in terms of the microstructures and the mechanical properties, especially, in sulphide environment. Thus, this study focused on the different microstructure of alloy steel and their performance in different environment with strong emphasis in sulphide environment. It was established in the study that a major problem of alloy steel in hydrogen sulphide environment is the sulphide stress cracking which is attributed to the presence of hydrogen and its absorption by the alloy steel. Hence, this study provides a potential guide and information on the capacity of the grades of alloy steel that can thrive in sulphide environment.","PeriodicalId":21754,"journal":{"name":"Solid State Phenomena","volume":"3 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139774304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eslam Aboelazm, C. Khe, Muhammad Fadhlullah Abd Shukur, M. S. M. Saheed, Gomaa Abdelgawad Mohammed Ali, K. Chong
Coordination polymers, a broad class of porous hybrid materials resulting from the connection of metal ions with organic ligands, showcase enduring porosity, well-organised crystalline structures, and open metal active sites that augment their metal ions' redox activity. This investigation focuses on examining a nanocomposite composed of cobalt carbide/reduced graphene oxide (Co3C/rGO) prepared through the copolymer method, serving as an electrode material for supercapacitor devices. The nanocomposite's structure and hollow cubic morphology were confirmed through X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) analysis. Electrochemical properties were thoroughly assessed using cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and galvanostatic charge/discharge in 6M KOH with a voltage window of 0 V to 0.5 V. The Co3C/rGO electrode exhibited notable electrochemical performance, displaying a specific capacitance of 486.6 F g-1 at 1 mV s-1 and a low internal resistance of 0.58 Ω, surpassing existing literature due to its porous morphology. Additionally, to evaluate the nanocomposite's cycling stability, 5000 charge/discharge cycles were conducted, revealing a capacitive retention of 82% of its original capacitance after 5000 cycles. This underscores its excellent long-term durability as a high-performance material for supercapacitor applications.
配位聚合物是由金属离子与有机配体连接而成的一大类多孔杂化材料，具有持久的孔隙率、组织良好的晶体结构和开放的金属活性位点，可增强金属离子的氧化还原活性。本研究的重点是通过共聚法制备一种由碳化钴/还原氧化石墨烯（Co3C/rGO）组成的纳米复合材料，作为超级电容器设备的电极材料。通过 X 射线衍射、拉曼光谱和场发射扫描电子显微镜（FESEM）分析，确认了纳米复合材料的结构和中空立方体形态。利用循环伏安法、电化学阻抗光谱法以及在 6M KOH 中 0 V 至 0.5 V 的电压窗口进行电静态充放电，对电化学特性进行了全面评估。Co3C/rGO 电极表现出显著的电化学性能，在 1 mV s-1 的条件下，比电容为 486.6 F g-1，内阻低至 0.58 Ω，由于其多孔形态，超过了现有文献的研究结果。此外，为了评估纳米复合材料的循环稳定性，还对其进行了 5000 次充电/放电循环，结果表明在 5000 次循环后，其电容保持率为原始电容的 82%。这凸显了其作为超级电容器应用的高性能材料所具有的出色的长期耐用性。
{"title":"Hollow Cobalt Carbide Cubes / Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite via Cyanide Coordination Polymer for Supercapacitor Applications","authors":"Eslam Aboelazm, C. Khe, Muhammad Fadhlullah Abd Shukur, M. S. M. Saheed, Gomaa Abdelgawad Mohammed Ali, K. Chong","doi":"10.4028/p-5jydaj","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-5jydaj","url":null,"abstract":"Coordination polymers, a broad class of porous hybrid materials resulting from the connection of metal ions with organic ligands, showcase enduring porosity, well-organised crystalline structures, and open metal active sites that augment their metal ions' redox activity. This investigation focuses on examining a nanocomposite composed of cobalt carbide/reduced graphene oxide (Co3C/rGO) prepared through the copolymer method, serving as an electrode material for supercapacitor devices. The nanocomposite's structure and hollow cubic morphology were confirmed through X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) analysis. Electrochemical properties were thoroughly assessed using cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and galvanostatic charge/discharge in 6M KOH with a voltage window of 0 V to 0.5 V. The Co3C/rGO electrode exhibited notable electrochemical performance, displaying a specific capacitance of 486.6 F g-1 at 1 mV s-1 and a low internal resistance of 0.58 Ω, surpassing existing literature due to its porous morphology. Additionally, to evaluate the nanocomposite's cycling stability, 5000 charge/discharge cycles were conducted, revealing a capacitive retention of 82% of its original capacitance after 5000 cycles. This underscores its excellent long-term durability as a high-performance material for supercapacitor applications.","PeriodicalId":21754,"journal":{"name":"Solid State Phenomena","volume":"2 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139774680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maryna Storozhenko, O. Umanskyi, Oleksiy Melnyk, O. Terentyev, Tatiana Chevychelova, V. Varchenko, O. Koval, V. Brazhevsky, O. Chernyshov
Thermally sprayed cermet coatings are widely used in many engineering applications to protect against wear and corrosion. In this study, three kinds of (Ti,Cr)C-based powders with 18, 25, 33 wt.% content of Ni binder were deposited onto stainless steel substrates by plasma spraying technique. The microstructure and dry sliding wear resistance of the (Ti,Cr)C-Ni coatings were investigated. The (Ti,Cr)C-Ni coatings have a heterogeneous structure composed of (Ti,Cr)C particles and Ni binder. Fracture and partial dissolution of the (Ti,Cr)C particles were found to occur during the plasma spray process. Among all the tested coatings, (Ti,Cr)C-33wt.%Ni coating exhibits lower wear rates and friction coefficients under all conditions. Worn surfaces of the coatings were analyzed using SEM to investigate the wear mechanism. With the increase in Ni content from 18 up to 33wt.%Ni wear mechanism of the (Ti,Cr)C-Ni coatings changes from abrasive to tribo-oxidation.
{"title":"Microstructure and Tribological Behavior of Plasma Sprayed (Ti,Cr)C-Ni Composite Coatings","authors":"Maryna Storozhenko, O. Umanskyi, Oleksiy Melnyk, O. Terentyev, Tatiana Chevychelova, V. Varchenko, O. Koval, V. Brazhevsky, O. Chernyshov","doi":"10.4028/p-2xixtj","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-2xixtj","url":null,"abstract":"Thermally sprayed cermet coatings are widely used in many engineering applications to protect against wear and corrosion. In this study, three kinds of (Ti,Cr)C-based powders with 18, 25, 33 wt.% content of Ni binder were deposited onto stainless steel substrates by plasma spraying technique. The microstructure and dry sliding wear resistance of the (Ti,Cr)C-Ni coatings were investigated. The (Ti,Cr)C-Ni coatings have a heterogeneous structure composed of (Ti,Cr)C particles and Ni binder. Fracture and partial dissolution of the (Ti,Cr)C particles were found to occur during the plasma spray process. Among all the tested coatings, (Ti,Cr)C-33wt.%Ni coating exhibits lower wear rates and friction coefficients under all conditions. Worn surfaces of the coatings were analyzed using SEM to investigate the wear mechanism. With the increase in Ni content from 18 up to 33wt.%Ni wear mechanism of the (Ti,Cr)C-Ni coatings changes from abrasive to tribo-oxidation.","PeriodicalId":21754,"journal":{"name":"Solid State Phenomena","volume":"64 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139775078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Góral, T. Kubaszek, B. Kościelniak, Dorota Stawarz
The plasma sprayed bronze coatings are widely used for repairing of plain bearing used in different applications. This type of coating was not deeply analyzed in state-of-art publications. In presented article we fill this gap in the case of plasma spraying process. The influence of power current (300/500/700A) and hydrogen flow (0/4/8 NLPM) on microstructure and thickness of aluminium bronze-polyester coating was investigated. The Thermico A60 plasma torch was used for thermal spray process of coating on flat carbon steel samples (grade S355). The Metco 604NS was sprayed with 20g/min powder feed rate. The obtained results showed the presence of local large pores formed by burning of polyester in plasma plume. This gap makes role of oil pockets in bearings. The obtained coatings were characterized by large deviation in thickness in range 200-350 micrometers. It might be concluded that in requires additional milling process after deposition.
{"title":"The Influence of Plasma Spraying Parameters on Microstructure and Porosity of Bronze-Polyester Coatings for Plain Bearings Applications","authors":"M. Góral, T. Kubaszek, B. Kościelniak, Dorota Stawarz","doi":"10.4028/p-fdcdp2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-fdcdp2","url":null,"abstract":"The plasma sprayed bronze coatings are widely used for repairing of plain bearing used in different applications. This type of coating was not deeply analyzed in state-of-art publications. In presented article we fill this gap in the case of plasma spraying process. The influence of power current (300/500/700A) and hydrogen flow (0/4/8 NLPM) on microstructure and thickness of aluminium bronze-polyester coating was investigated. The Thermico A60 plasma torch was used for thermal spray process of coating on flat carbon steel samples (grade S355). The Metco 604NS was sprayed with 20g/min powder feed rate. The obtained results showed the presence of local large pores formed by burning of polyester in plasma plume. This gap makes role of oil pockets in bearings. The obtained coatings were characterized by large deviation in thickness in range 200-350 micrometers. It might be concluded that in requires additional milling process after deposition.","PeriodicalId":21754,"journal":{"name":"Solid State Phenomena","volume":"689 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139835468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Góral, T. Kubaszek, B. Kościelniak, Dorota Stawarz
The plasma sprayed bronze coatings are widely used for repairing of plain bearing used in different applications. This type of coating was not deeply analyzed in state-of-art publications. In presented article we fill this gap in the case of plasma spraying process. The influence of power current (300/500/700A) and hydrogen flow (0/4/8 NLPM) on microstructure and thickness of aluminium bronze-polyester coating was investigated. The Thermico A60 plasma torch was used for thermal spray process of coating on flat carbon steel samples (grade S355). The Metco 604NS was sprayed with 20g/min powder feed rate. The obtained results showed the presence of local large pores formed by burning of polyester in plasma plume. This gap makes role of oil pockets in bearings. The obtained coatings were characterized by large deviation in thickness in range 200-350 micrometers. It might be concluded that in requires additional milling process after deposition.
{"title":"The Influence of Plasma Spraying Parameters on Microstructure and Porosity of Bronze-Polyester Coatings for Plain Bearings Applications","authors":"M. Góral, T. Kubaszek, B. Kościelniak, Dorota Stawarz","doi":"10.4028/p-fdcdp2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-fdcdp2","url":null,"abstract":"The plasma sprayed bronze coatings are widely used for repairing of plain bearing used in different applications. This type of coating was not deeply analyzed in state-of-art publications. In presented article we fill this gap in the case of plasma spraying process. The influence of power current (300/500/700A) and hydrogen flow (0/4/8 NLPM) on microstructure and thickness of aluminium bronze-polyester coating was investigated. The Thermico A60 plasma torch was used for thermal spray process of coating on flat carbon steel samples (grade S355). The Metco 604NS was sprayed with 20g/min powder feed rate. The obtained results showed the presence of local large pores formed by burning of polyester in plasma plume. This gap makes role of oil pockets in bearings. The obtained coatings were characterized by large deviation in thickness in range 200-350 micrometers. It might be concluded that in requires additional milling process after deposition.","PeriodicalId":21754,"journal":{"name":"Solid State Phenomena","volume":"37 48","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139775927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, the corrosion behavior of aluminum alloy was investigated in graphene nanoplatelet (GNP) nanofluids prepared with different surfactants. The surfactants include sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), Tween 80, and Gum Arabic (GA). The corrosion properties of the alloy in the different GNP nanofluids were evaluated using potentiodynamic polarization tests at room temperature. The surface morphology of the aluminum alloy was analyzed using a scanning electron microscope coupled with an electron dispersive spectroscopy detector. The experimental results revealed that the addition of surfactants improves the resistance of the aluminum alloy to corrosion in the nanofluid. This was attributed to the adsorption of surfactants on the surface of the alloy to form a protective film layer, which reduces moisture permeability and enhances corrosion inhibition. The addition of GA was found to exhibit the highest inhibition efficiency. This was followed by Tween 80, SDS, and SDBS, which contributes the least inhibition. XRD post-corrosion analysis also reveals the presence of aluminum oxide and aluminum hydroxide phases on the surface of electrodes immersed in all the different GNP nanofluids.
{"title":"Effects of Surfactants on the Corrosion Behavior of Aluminum Alloy in Graphene Nanofluid","authors":"A. Borode, Noor A. Ahmed, P. Olubambi","doi":"10.4028/p-7hmnpl","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-7hmnpl","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the corrosion behavior of aluminum alloy was investigated in graphene nanoplatelet (GNP) nanofluids prepared with different surfactants. The surfactants include sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), Tween 80, and Gum Arabic (GA). The corrosion properties of the alloy in the different GNP nanofluids were evaluated using potentiodynamic polarization tests at room temperature. The surface morphology of the aluminum alloy was analyzed using a scanning electron microscope coupled with an electron dispersive spectroscopy detector. The experimental results revealed that the addition of surfactants improves the resistance of the aluminum alloy to corrosion in the nanofluid. This was attributed to the adsorption of surfactants on the surface of the alloy to form a protective film layer, which reduces moisture permeability and enhances corrosion inhibition. The addition of GA was found to exhibit the highest inhibition efficiency. This was followed by Tween 80, SDS, and SDBS, which contributes the least inhibition. XRD post-corrosion analysis also reveals the presence of aluminum oxide and aluminum hydroxide phases on the surface of electrodes immersed in all the different GNP nanofluids.","PeriodicalId":21754,"journal":{"name":"Solid State Phenomena","volume":"585 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139833827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. L. Lawal, S. Afolalu, Tien Chien Jen, E. Akinlabi
Alloy steel is known to be different from carbon steel due to the presence of the alloying element in varying compositions which is usually done for the purpose of modifying and improving the performance of the steel. However, a major problem with the alloy steel is that it usually exhibits different behavior in terms of the microstructures and the mechanical properties, especially, in sulphide environment. Thus, this study focused on the different microstructure of alloy steel and their performance in different environment with strong emphasis in sulphide environment. It was established in the study that a major problem of alloy steel in hydrogen sulphide environment is the sulphide stress cracking which is attributed to the presence of hydrogen and its absorption by the alloy steel. Hence, this study provides a potential guide and information on the capacity of the grades of alloy steel that can thrive in sulphide environment.
{"title":"Emerging Behaviour of Alloy Steel Microstructure in Hydrogen Sulphide Environment - A Review","authors":"S. L. Lawal, S. Afolalu, Tien Chien Jen, E. Akinlabi","doi":"10.4028/p-kyn9at","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-kyn9at","url":null,"abstract":"Alloy steel is known to be different from carbon steel due to the presence of the alloying element in varying compositions which is usually done for the purpose of modifying and improving the performance of the steel. However, a major problem with the alloy steel is that it usually exhibits different behavior in terms of the microstructures and the mechanical properties, especially, in sulphide environment. Thus, this study focused on the different microstructure of alloy steel and their performance in different environment with strong emphasis in sulphide environment. It was established in the study that a major problem of alloy steel in hydrogen sulphide environment is the sulphide stress cracking which is attributed to the presence of hydrogen and its absorption by the alloy steel. Hence, this study provides a potential guide and information on the capacity of the grades of alloy steel that can thrive in sulphide environment.","PeriodicalId":21754,"journal":{"name":"Solid State Phenomena","volume":"452 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139833842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Volodymyr Korzhyk, Olena M. Berdnikova, Petro Stukhliak, O. Kushnarova, Junjun ZHao, Ihor Skachkov
The essential task of modern industry is to increase the reliability and durability of products. One of the promising ways to increase the products operational durability is the ceramics and cermets powders functional coatings application to the working surfaces by the method of high-speed multi-chamber detonation spraying. The objective of the given paper is to determine the regularities of the influence of structural-phase features in the formed material of functional cermets coatings of metal parts on their strength characteristics and crack resistance, while taking into account structural criteria that will provide the required set of strength and crack resistance properties. The method for deep and detailed analysis of the structure features, morphology and distribution of phase particles, their stoichiometric composition, substructure parameters, dislocation density in the coating material obtained due to multi-chamber detonation spraying has been developed in this paper. The research of detonation coating material was carried out using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) on JEM-200CX instrument (produced by JEOL company) with the accelerating voltage of up to 200 kV. The prospects of using the method of multi-chamber detonation spraying on various materials (steel, copper, aluminum, titanium) and alloys are shown on the basis of the research results. A number of composite coatings made of aluminum and zirconium ceramics; chromium, tungsten carbides have been obtained. It has been defined that changes occur in the ratio of the following parameters: microhardness, pore volume fraction, phase composition, distribution of dispersed phases, grain, subgrain, dislocation structures, etc, under different processing modes in the surface layers and corresponding change in the modes of detonation spraying.
{"title":"Strength and Crack Resistance Structural Criteria of Composite Coatings Produced by the Method of Multi-Chamber Detonation Spraying","authors":"Volodymyr Korzhyk, Olena M. Berdnikova, Petro Stukhliak, O. Kushnarova, Junjun ZHao, Ihor Skachkov","doi":"10.4028/p-qjm7ya","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-qjm7ya","url":null,"abstract":"The essential task of modern industry is to increase the reliability and durability of products. One of the promising ways to increase the products operational durability is the ceramics and cermets powders functional coatings application to the working surfaces by the method of high-speed multi-chamber detonation spraying. The objective of the given paper is to determine the regularities of the influence of structural-phase features in the formed material of functional cermets coatings of metal parts on their strength characteristics and crack resistance, while taking into account structural criteria that will provide the required set of strength and crack resistance properties. The method for deep and detailed analysis of the structure features, morphology and distribution of phase particles, their stoichiometric composition, substructure parameters, dislocation density in the coating material obtained due to multi-chamber detonation spraying has been developed in this paper. The research of detonation coating material was carried out using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) on JEM-200CX instrument (produced by JEOL company) with the accelerating voltage of up to 200 kV. The prospects of using the method of multi-chamber detonation spraying on various materials (steel, copper, aluminum, titanium) and alloys are shown on the basis of the research results. A number of composite coatings made of aluminum and zirconium ceramics; chromium, tungsten carbides have been obtained. It has been defined that changes occur in the ratio of the following parameters: microhardness, pore volume fraction, phase composition, distribution of dispersed phases, grain, subgrain, dislocation structures, etc, under different processing modes in the surface layers and corresponding change in the modes of detonation spraying.","PeriodicalId":21754,"journal":{"name":"Solid State Phenomena","volume":"114 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139836379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Góral, B. Kościelniak, K. Ochał, T. Kubaszek, Jakub Jopek, M. Drajewicz
In the article the microstructure and phase composition of boride coatings deposited on selected structural steels were investigated. The boride coatings were produced using pack cementation method using commercial EKABOR-2 mixture containing of 50 wt. % of new and 50 wt. % of used powder. Boride coatings were deposited on alloyed structural steels grades (PN/EN 10084 standard): 16MnCr5, 18CrNiMo7-6, 41CrAlMo7 42CrMo4. Cylindrical samples with a diameter of 30 mm and a height of 30 mm were boronized in powder at 1000°C for 2, 4 and 6 hours in an argon atmosphere. The process was carried out in an industrial CVD Bernex BPX 325S device. The microstructure was analyzed using scanning electron microscope Phenom XL equipped with EDS spectrometer. The XRD phase analysis was conducted using XTRa diffractometer (ARL). The thickness as well as phase composition was analyzed on coatings formed on each grades of steels. The most of obtained boride coatings were characterized by single-phase structure (Fe2B). The formation of brittle FeB phase was detected only on 16MnCr5 steel grades steels.
{"title":"The Structure of Boride Diffusion Coatings Produced on Selected Grades of Structural Steels","authors":"M. Góral, B. Kościelniak, K. Ochał, T. Kubaszek, Jakub Jopek, M. Drajewicz","doi":"10.4028/p-hvsj08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-hvsj08","url":null,"abstract":"In the article the microstructure and phase composition of boride coatings deposited on selected structural steels were investigated. The boride coatings were produced using pack cementation method using commercial EKABOR-2 mixture containing of 50 wt. % of new and 50 wt. % of used powder. Boride coatings were deposited on alloyed structural steels grades (PN/EN 10084 standard): 16MnCr5, 18CrNiMo7-6, 41CrAlMo7 42CrMo4. Cylindrical samples with a diameter of 30 mm and a height of 30 mm were boronized in powder at 1000°C for 2, 4 and 6 hours in an argon atmosphere. The process was carried out in an industrial CVD Bernex BPX 325S device. The microstructure was analyzed using scanning electron microscope Phenom XL equipped with EDS spectrometer. The XRD phase analysis was conducted using XTRa diffractometer (ARL). The thickness as well as phase composition was analyzed on coatings formed on each grades of steels. The most of obtained boride coatings were characterized by single-phase structure (Fe2B). The formation of brittle FeB phase was detected only on 16MnCr5 steel grades steels.","PeriodicalId":21754,"journal":{"name":"Solid State Phenomena","volume":"466 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139833935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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