Pub Date : 2023-08-22DOI: 10.9734/sajrm/2023/v16i2304
Judith M. Gitari, M. Muraya, B. Onyango, J. Maingi
Aims: In this study, we assessed the effect of physicochemical properties of soils from different land use systems on the population of Actinomycetes. Study Design: A cross sectional survey design in line transect sampling was used in collection of samples from land use systems. A 4×6×3 factorial experiments laid in completely randomized design was used in determining Actinomycetes population in land use system and media type culture. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in Meru south sub-county, Kenya, between January 2019 and July 2019. Methodology: Cultural growth of Actinomycetes was determined using four different media type culture. The physicochemical properties of soil were evaluated using standard laboratory methods. The data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance and significantly means were separated using Least Significance Difference at α = 0.05 in SAS version 9.4. Correlation analysis was used to determine the relationship between soil physicochemical properties and Actinomycetes population. Actinomycetes population varied significantly (p < 0.05) among the different land use systems. Results: The study's findings revealed significant variations (p < 0.05) in Actinomycetes populations across the different land use systems. The type of media used significantly influenced the growth and proliferation of Actinomycetes colonies, with the Starch casein medium exhibiting the highest number of colonies (3.4 × 105 cfu/ml of soil sample) and the modified Luria Bertani (M1) medium showing the lowest (1.7 × 105 cfu/ml). The Actinomycetes populations demonstrated significant variations (p < 0.05) among the different land use systems. Correlation analysis revealed a moderate positive correlation (r = 0.63407; p < 0.0001) between Actinomycetes population and soil pH, as well as weaker positive correlations (r = 0.3375; p = 0.012) between soil moisture content and Actinomycetes population, and available potassium and Actinomycetes load (r = 0.31483; p < 0.0001). Conclusion: The study concludes that the population of Actinomycetes was affected by soil physicochemical properties and consequently land uses.
{"title":"The Influence of Soil’s Physicochemical Properties and Land Use Systems on the Abundance of Actinomycetes Populations","authors":"Judith M. Gitari, M. Muraya, B. Onyango, J. Maingi","doi":"10.9734/sajrm/2023/v16i2304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/sajrm/2023/v16i2304","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: In this study, we assessed the effect of physicochemical properties of soils from different land use systems on the population of Actinomycetes. \u0000Study Design: A cross sectional survey design in line transect sampling was used in collection of samples from land use systems. A 4×6×3 factorial experiments laid in completely randomized design was used in determining Actinomycetes population in land use system and media type culture. \u0000Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in Meru south sub-county, Kenya, between January 2019 and July 2019. \u0000Methodology: Cultural growth of Actinomycetes was determined using four different media type culture. The physicochemical properties of soil were evaluated using standard laboratory methods. The data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance and significantly means were separated using Least Significance Difference at α = 0.05 in SAS version 9.4. Correlation analysis was used to determine the relationship between soil physicochemical properties and Actinomycetes population. Actinomycetes population varied significantly (p < 0.05) among the different land use systems. \u0000Results: The study's findings revealed significant variations (p < 0.05) in Actinomycetes populations across the different land use systems. The type of media used significantly influenced the growth and proliferation of Actinomycetes colonies, with the Starch casein medium exhibiting the highest number of colonies (3.4 × 105 cfu/ml of soil sample) and the modified Luria Bertani (M1) medium showing the lowest (1.7 × 105 cfu/ml). The Actinomycetes populations demonstrated significant variations (p < 0.05) among the different land use systems. Correlation analysis revealed a moderate positive correlation (r = 0.63407; p < 0.0001) between Actinomycetes population and soil pH, as well as weaker positive correlations (r = 0.3375; p = 0.012) between soil moisture content and Actinomycetes population, and available potassium and Actinomycetes load (r = 0.31483; p < 0.0001). \u0000Conclusion: The study concludes that the population of Actinomycetes was affected by soil physicochemical properties and consequently land uses.","PeriodicalId":21776,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Research in Microbiology","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87527173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-21DOI: 10.9734/sajrm/2023/v16i2302
K. R. I. Sakib, S. Islam, Shohanur Rahaman, Khaleda Ferdous, Md. Ashiqur Rahman, Md. Altap Hossen, Md. Rashidul Islam, Adiatuj Jahan Rimu
Water that is free of disease-producing microorganisms and chemical substances harmful to health is called potable water. Drinking water quality has a microbiological and a physicochemical dimension. In public water supply systems, water should be disinfected. This observational study was conducted through a multiple-tube method. And the water supply channel of Bangladesh University of Health Sciences (BUHS) served as the study's sample. Using an aseptic procedure, 105 ml of water from various sources is collected for each sample on a conical flask. The selected sample was from the four different water supply points at BUHS institution. From sample 1, the MPN (Most Probable Number) index we found the combination of positive sets (0-1-0). The MPN value per 100ml water is (1). From sample 2, the MPN index we found the combination of positive sets (1-1-1). The MPN value per 100ml water is (5). From sample 3, the MPN index we found the combination of positive sets (1-2-1). The MPN value per 100ml water is (7). From sample 4, the MPN index we found the combination of positive sets (0-1-0). The MPN value per 100ml water is (1). In Dhaka city, there is a possibility of contamination of the water sources. Bangladesh University of Health Sciences is a renowned institution with a big number of staff. So, it is important to examine the water condition in this institution. Our work and research reflect a little about it. Gladly and hopefully, we found that there is no pathogenic organism in the water of this institution which is used every day and everybody drinks.
{"title":"Water-Supply Potability Status of Bangladesh University of Health Sciences (BUHS)","authors":"K. R. I. Sakib, S. Islam, Shohanur Rahaman, Khaleda Ferdous, Md. Ashiqur Rahman, Md. Altap Hossen, Md. Rashidul Islam, Adiatuj Jahan Rimu","doi":"10.9734/sajrm/2023/v16i2302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/sajrm/2023/v16i2302","url":null,"abstract":"Water that is free of disease-producing microorganisms and chemical substances harmful to health is called potable water. Drinking water quality has a microbiological and a physicochemical dimension. In public water supply systems, water should be disinfected. This observational study was conducted through a multiple-tube method. And the water supply channel of Bangladesh University of Health Sciences (BUHS) served as the study's sample. Using an aseptic procedure, 105 ml of water from various sources is collected for each sample on a conical flask. The selected sample was from the four different water supply points at BUHS institution. From sample 1, the MPN (Most Probable Number) index we found the combination of positive sets (0-1-0). The MPN value per 100ml water is (1). From sample 2, the MPN index we found the combination of positive sets (1-1-1). The MPN value per 100ml water is (5). From sample 3, the MPN index we found the combination of positive sets (1-2-1). The MPN value per 100ml water is (7). From sample 4, the MPN index we found the combination of positive sets (0-1-0). The MPN value per 100ml water is (1). In Dhaka city, there is a possibility of contamination of the water sources. Bangladesh University of Health Sciences is a renowned institution with a big number of staff. So, it is important to examine the water condition in this institution. Our work and research reflect a little about it. Gladly and hopefully, we found that there is no pathogenic organism in the water of this institution which is used every day and everybody drinks.","PeriodicalId":21776,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Research in Microbiology","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85001326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-09DOI: 10.9734/sajrm/2023/v16i2301
Abel Onolunosen Abhadionmhen, V. I. Anyiam, E. P. K. Imarenezor, Pius Amiegbebhor
Aim: The onerous threat of antimicrobial resistance to public health highlights the need for continuous research that will discover more potential medicinal plants that possess inhibitory potentials on bacteria especially those with multidrug-resistant qualities. Hence, this study investigated the antibacterial effect of hot and cold aqueous extracts of Garcinia Kola on Salmonella isolates. Study Design: This is experimental research involving fecal sample of chicken. Place and Duration of Study: This research was carried out in Wukari metropolis. Study Design: Sterile universal containers were used to collect one gram each of chicken fecal samples from domestic chicken coops and dissolved in Buffered Peptone Water to recover injured cell. A loop-full of the sample was streaked on prepared Salmonella-Shigella Agar plates. Suspected isolates were confirmed molecularly using PCR to identify the invA virulent gene from the isolate. Hot and cold water served as a menstruum for extracting bioactive contents from Garcinia Kola. Following evaporation of the crude hot and cold-water extracts, 0.25 mg, 0.5 mg, 1.0 mg, and 2.0 mg of the extract were respectively dissolved into 10 ml of distilled water. The Agar-well diffusion method was used in conducting the antimicrobial susceptibility tests. Results: Significant zone of inhibition (ZIB) of 9 mm, 12 mm and 17 mm was observed for isolates subjected to 0.50 mg-10 ml, 1.00mg-10 ml, and 2.00 mg-10 ml concentrations of cold-water extracts respectively while No zone of Inhibition (NZI) was observed at 0.25 g-10 ml concentrations. For hot water extracts, growth inhibition ranging from 9 mm, 11 mm, 15 mm, and 23 mm was respectively noticed for concentrates of 0.25 mg-10 ml, 0.50 mg-10, 1.00 mg-10 ml, and 2.00 mg-10 ml. Heavy growth persisted for the negative control plate which contained distilled water without extracts. Augmentin 30 µg was used as a positive control (≥31 mm). Conclusion: This research simply has amplified the medicinal importance of the consumption of Garcinia Kola particularly as it relates to the management of gastroenteritis caused by Zoonotic Non-enteric Salmonella. However, the clinical toxicity and safety of the plant need more understanding.
{"title":"Antimicrobial Effects of Aqueous Extract of Garcinia Kola Nuts on Salmonella Isolates from Chicken Dropping in Southern Taraba, North East, Nigeria","authors":"Abel Onolunosen Abhadionmhen, V. I. Anyiam, E. P. K. Imarenezor, Pius Amiegbebhor","doi":"10.9734/sajrm/2023/v16i2301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/sajrm/2023/v16i2301","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The onerous threat of antimicrobial resistance to public health highlights the need for continuous research that will discover more potential medicinal plants that possess inhibitory potentials on bacteria especially those with multidrug-resistant qualities. Hence, this study investigated the antibacterial effect of hot and cold aqueous extracts of Garcinia Kola on Salmonella isolates. \u0000Study Design: This is experimental research involving fecal sample of chicken. \u0000Place and Duration of Study: This research was carried out in Wukari metropolis. \u0000Study Design: Sterile universal containers were used to collect one gram each of chicken fecal samples from domestic chicken coops and dissolved in Buffered Peptone Water to recover injured cell. A loop-full of the sample was streaked on prepared Salmonella-Shigella Agar plates. Suspected isolates were confirmed molecularly using PCR to identify the invA virulent gene from the isolate. Hot and cold water served as a menstruum for extracting bioactive contents from Garcinia Kola. Following evaporation of the crude hot and cold-water extracts, 0.25 mg, 0.5 mg, 1.0 mg, and 2.0 mg of the extract were respectively dissolved into 10 ml of distilled water. The Agar-well diffusion method was used in conducting the antimicrobial susceptibility tests. \u0000Results: Significant zone of inhibition (ZIB) of 9 mm, 12 mm and 17 mm was observed for isolates subjected to 0.50 mg-10 ml, 1.00mg-10 ml, and 2.00 mg-10 ml concentrations of cold-water extracts respectively while No zone of Inhibition (NZI) was observed at 0.25 g-10 ml concentrations. For hot water extracts, growth inhibition ranging from 9 mm, 11 mm, 15 mm, and 23 mm was respectively noticed for concentrates of 0.25 mg-10 ml, 0.50 mg-10, 1.00 mg-10 ml, and 2.00 mg-10 ml. Heavy growth persisted for the negative control plate which contained distilled water without extracts. Augmentin 30 µg was used as a positive control (≥31 mm). \u0000Conclusion: This research simply has amplified the medicinal importance of the consumption of Garcinia Kola particularly as it relates to the management of gastroenteritis caused by Zoonotic Non-enteric Salmonella. However, the clinical toxicity and safety of the plant need more understanding.","PeriodicalId":21776,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Research in Microbiology","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78704125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-28DOI: 10.9734/sajrm/2023/v16i1300
E. D. Wilkie, Peter Oluwadamilola Michael, A. Oluduro, Jude Oluwapelumi Alao
Aims: Bacterial infections pose a significant public health challenge, necessitating the search for new antimicrobial agents. This study investigated the antibacterial potential of Annona muricata (Linn.) leaf ethyl acetate extract against some bacterial pathogens. Study Design: An experimental design was adopted for this study. Place and Duration of Study: Fresh leaves of Annona muricata (Linn.) were collected from Modakeke, Osun State, South-West, Nigeria. Proper identification and authentication of the leaves were carried out at the herbarium unit of the Department of Botany, Obafemi Awolowo University (OAU), Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria. Methodology: The plant material was extracted using ethyl acetate, and concentration-dependent assays determined antibacterial activity, including minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). The phytochemical analysis identified bioactive compounds. Results: The extract concentrations of 35.00 mg/ml, 17.50 mg/ml, 8.75 mg/ml, and 4.38 mg/ml demonstrated significant antibacterial activity against a total of ten bacterial strains out of the twenty-one (47.6%) tested. These strains include Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus vulgaris, Staphylococcus mariliensis, Salinicoccus roseus, Enterobacter asburiae, Streptococcus canis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus equi, Limonorella grimontii, Proteus hauseri, Citrobacter werkmanii, Staphylococcus rosterii, Versinia enteroculitica, Macrococcus bruensis, Precoccus suis, Limorella richardii, Staphylococcus aureus, Macroccocus lavnae, Salmonella enterica, Streptococcus salviohxodontae, and Klebsiella ozanae. The range of obtained inhibition zone values varied from 70 mg/ml to 4.38 mg/ml. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values varied between 4.48 mg/ml and 35.00 mg/ml, while the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values ranged from 2.19 mg/ml to 17.5 mg/ml. Susceptibility to the extract increased with higher concentrations. Comparative analysis with ampicillin indicated superior inhibitory properties. Phytochemical analysis of the extract revealed the presence of some phytochemical constituents. Conclusion: The ethyl acetate extract obtained from Annona muricata (Linn.) leaf demonstrated significant antibacterial activity against tested bacterial isolates. The extract exhibited concentration-dependent inhibitory effects, indicating the presence of bioactive compounds with antibacterial properties. These findings highlight the potential of Annona muricata (Linn.) as a source for developing natural antibacterial agents. Further research is needed to isolate and identify the specific active compounds, understand their mechanisms of action, and assess the extract's therapeutic potential and safety profile. The study emphasizes the importance of exploring natural plant extracts for their antibacterial properties and opens avenues for future applications in medicine and pharmaceuticals.
{"title":"Antibacterial Potential of Annona muricata (Linn.) Leaf Extract: A Promising Natural Source for Novel Antibacterial Therapies","authors":"E. D. Wilkie, Peter Oluwadamilola Michael, A. Oluduro, Jude Oluwapelumi Alao","doi":"10.9734/sajrm/2023/v16i1300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/sajrm/2023/v16i1300","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: Bacterial infections pose a significant public health challenge, necessitating the search for new antimicrobial agents. This study investigated the antibacterial potential of Annona muricata (Linn.) leaf ethyl acetate extract against some bacterial pathogens. \u0000Study Design: An experimental design was adopted for this study. \u0000Place and Duration of Study: Fresh leaves of Annona muricata (Linn.) were collected from Modakeke, Osun State, South-West, Nigeria. Proper identification and authentication of the leaves were carried out at the herbarium unit of the Department of Botany, Obafemi Awolowo University (OAU), Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria. \u0000Methodology: The plant material was extracted using ethyl acetate, and concentration-dependent assays determined antibacterial activity, including minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). The phytochemical analysis identified bioactive compounds. \u0000Results: The extract concentrations of 35.00 mg/ml, 17.50 mg/ml, 8.75 mg/ml, and 4.38 mg/ml demonstrated significant antibacterial activity against a total of ten bacterial strains out of the twenty-one (47.6%) tested. These strains include Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus vulgaris, Staphylococcus mariliensis, Salinicoccus roseus, Enterobacter asburiae, Streptococcus canis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus equi, Limonorella grimontii, Proteus hauseri, Citrobacter werkmanii, Staphylococcus rosterii, Versinia enteroculitica, Macrococcus bruensis, Precoccus suis, Limorella richardii, Staphylococcus aureus, Macroccocus lavnae, Salmonella enterica, Streptococcus salviohxodontae, and Klebsiella ozanae. The range of obtained inhibition zone values varied from 70 mg/ml to 4.38 mg/ml. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values varied between 4.48 mg/ml and 35.00 mg/ml, while the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values ranged from 2.19 mg/ml to 17.5 mg/ml. Susceptibility to the extract increased with higher concentrations. Comparative analysis with ampicillin indicated superior inhibitory properties. Phytochemical analysis of the extract revealed the presence of some phytochemical constituents. \u0000Conclusion: The ethyl acetate extract obtained from Annona muricata (Linn.) leaf demonstrated significant antibacterial activity against tested bacterial isolates. The extract exhibited concentration-dependent inhibitory effects, indicating the presence of bioactive compounds with antibacterial properties. These findings highlight the potential of Annona muricata (Linn.) as a source for developing natural antibacterial agents. Further research is needed to isolate and identify the specific active compounds, understand their mechanisms of action, and assess the extract's therapeutic potential and safety profile. The study emphasizes the importance of exploring natural plant extracts for their antibacterial properties and opens avenues for future applications in medicine and pharmaceuticals.","PeriodicalId":21776,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Research in Microbiology","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75438234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-24DOI: 10.9734/sajrm/2023/v16i1299
U. H. Musa, I. Innocent, G. S. Dafur, I. F. Ola, A. G. Gowon, E. E. Julius, M. Suleiman
Methicillin resistance Staphylococcus aureus have been reported worldwide to emerge mostly in developing and developed countries. This study aimed at isolated and antibiotic resistance from nosocomial sources in Dalhatu Araf specialist Hospital, Lafia, Nigeria. A total of (200) samples were collected from February 2021 to May 2021 from different Nosocomial sources such as door handles, seat handles, surgical equipment and stretchers and Staphylococcus aureus was isolated and identified using standard microbiological method. The Antibiotic susceptibility test for the isolates were carried out and interpreted in accordance with Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) protocol. The occurrence of Staphylococcus aureus from the samples was 50 (25%). The highest occurrence of Staphylococcus aureus is from seat handle swab with (32%) and the lowest occurrence is (18%) from surgical equipments. The Antibiotic resistance of Staphylococcus aureus showed that the isolates were more resistant to oxacillin.
{"title":"Isolation and Antibiotic Resistance of Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Nosocomial Sources","authors":"U. H. Musa, I. Innocent, G. S. Dafur, I. F. Ola, A. G. Gowon, E. E. Julius, M. Suleiman","doi":"10.9734/sajrm/2023/v16i1299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/sajrm/2023/v16i1299","url":null,"abstract":"Methicillin resistance Staphylococcus aureus have been reported worldwide to emerge mostly in developing and developed countries. This study aimed at isolated and antibiotic resistance from nosocomial sources in Dalhatu Araf specialist Hospital, Lafia, Nigeria. A total of (200) samples were collected from February 2021 to May 2021 from different Nosocomial sources such as door handles, seat handles, surgical equipment and stretchers and Staphylococcus aureus was isolated and identified using standard microbiological method. The Antibiotic susceptibility test for the isolates were carried out and interpreted in accordance with Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) protocol. The occurrence of Staphylococcus aureus from the samples was 50 (25%). The highest occurrence of Staphylococcus aureus is from seat handle swab with (32%) and the lowest occurrence is (18%) from surgical equipments. The Antibiotic resistance of Staphylococcus aureus showed that the isolates were more resistant to oxacillin.","PeriodicalId":21776,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Research in Microbiology","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82028155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-06DOI: 10.9734/sajrm/2023/v16i1298
S. Ogbonna, P. N. Barika, C. Ugboma, A. O. Jephtah, E. Amadi
Shisha smoke is becoming more prominent among adolescent which is known to be carcinogenic posing a serious threat to public health as well as the risk of pathogenic bacteria associated with the mouthpiece. This research is carried out to determine the prevalence and antibiogram of bacteria associated with mouthpiece of shisha equipment in Port Harcourt metropolis. A total of twenty (20) mouthpiece of shisha equipment were swabbed using sterile swab sticks and samples subjected to standard microbiological technique as well as standard plate count, culturing, identification and antibiotic susceptibility pattern using Kirby Bauer Disk diffusion method. The total heterotrophic bacteria count ranged between 2.0±1.5 ×103 to 6.5±5.3 ×103 CFU/ml) Borokiri township and Ogunabali respectively. The total Staphylococcal count ranged from 1.6±0.5 ×102 CFU/ml to 3.3±0.3 ×102 CFU/ml in Ogunabali township and Borokiri sandfield respectively. A total of fourteen (14) bacteria isolates were identified belonging to the following genera; Staphylococcus spp, Klebsiella spp, Bacillus spp, Pseudomonas spp, Micrococcus spp and Lactobacillus spp. The prevalence of the bacteria indicated that Staphylococcus had the highest occurrence (28.57%), followed by Pseudomonas spp (7.07%), having the least prevalence across the locations. The Antimicrobial sensitivity testing results shows that Staphylococcus spp Bacillus spp and Micrococcus spp was more susceptible to Erythromycin, Gentamicin and Ofloxacin (100%) and resistant to Augmentin, Cefuroxime, Cloxacillin, Cefuroxime and Ceftazidime (100%). Lactobacillus spp, Pseudomonas spp and Klebsiella spp were more susceptible to Ciprofloxacin and Ofloxacin (100%) and resistant to Gentamicin, Nitrofurantoin, Ceftazidime, Cefuroxime, Augmentin and Cefixime (100%). These bacteria isolated are mostly pathogenic and may result in an increase in health issues as a result of non-hygienic protocol used during using mouth to mouth smoking with the shisha equipment. Medical personnel should enlighten the public especially the adolescent about the risks involved in smoking Shisha.
{"title":"Prevalence and Antibiogram of Bacteria Associated with Mouthpiece of Shisha Equipment in Port Harcourt Metropolis","authors":"S. Ogbonna, P. N. Barika, C. Ugboma, A. O. Jephtah, E. Amadi","doi":"10.9734/sajrm/2023/v16i1298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/sajrm/2023/v16i1298","url":null,"abstract":"Shisha smoke is becoming more prominent among adolescent which is known to be carcinogenic posing a serious threat to public health as well as the risk of pathogenic bacteria associated with the mouthpiece. This research is carried out to determine the prevalence and antibiogram of bacteria associated with mouthpiece of shisha equipment in Port Harcourt metropolis. A total of twenty (20) mouthpiece of shisha equipment were swabbed using sterile swab sticks and samples subjected to standard microbiological technique as well as standard plate count, culturing, identification and antibiotic susceptibility pattern using Kirby Bauer Disk diffusion method. The total heterotrophic bacteria count ranged between 2.0±1.5 ×103 to 6.5±5.3 ×103 CFU/ml) Borokiri township and Ogunabali respectively. The total Staphylococcal count ranged from 1.6±0.5 ×102 CFU/ml to 3.3±0.3 ×102 CFU/ml in Ogunabali township and Borokiri sandfield respectively. A total of fourteen (14) bacteria isolates were identified belonging to the following genera; Staphylococcus spp, Klebsiella spp, Bacillus spp, Pseudomonas spp, Micrococcus spp and Lactobacillus spp. The prevalence of the bacteria indicated that Staphylococcus had the highest occurrence (28.57%), followed by Pseudomonas spp (7.07%), having the least prevalence across the locations. The Antimicrobial sensitivity testing results shows that Staphylococcus spp Bacillus spp and Micrococcus spp was more susceptible to Erythromycin, Gentamicin and Ofloxacin (100%) and resistant to Augmentin, Cefuroxime, Cloxacillin, Cefuroxime and Ceftazidime (100%). Lactobacillus spp, Pseudomonas spp and Klebsiella spp were more susceptible to Ciprofloxacin and Ofloxacin (100%) and resistant to Gentamicin, Nitrofurantoin, Ceftazidime, Cefuroxime, Augmentin and Cefixime (100%). These bacteria isolated are mostly pathogenic and may result in an increase in health issues as a result of non-hygienic protocol used during using mouth to mouth smoking with the shisha equipment. Medical personnel should enlighten the public especially the adolescent about the risks involved in smoking Shisha.","PeriodicalId":21776,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Research in Microbiology","volume":"293 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74153102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-05DOI: 10.9734/sajrm/2023/v16i1297
C. Nyenke, R. Esiere, B. A. Nnokam, R. Nwalozie
Plague is a contagious disease caused by the zoonotic bacteria, (Yersinia pestis) but transmitted by fleas. It is found on rodents and their fleas. The most common ways for humans to contract plague are through handling a plague-infected animal or by getting bitten by a rodent flea that is carrying the pathogen. Septicemic, pneumonic, and bubonic plague are the three most prevalent types. The bubonic plague typically takes 2 to 8 days to incubate. Patients experience weakness, one or more enlarged, painful lymph nodes, headache, chills, and fever (called buboes). The bite of an infected flea results in plague, which is the most widespread type of plague. Pneumonic plague, a more severe form of bubonic plague, can progress and disseminate to the lungs. Septicemic plague incubation period isn’t exactly known but, it most likely happens within days of exposure and is accompanied by high temperature, chills, intense exhaustion, stomach discomfort, shock, and maybe, bleeding into the skin and other organs. Pneumonic plague often only takes 1 to 3 days to incubate and is accompanied by a fever, headache, weakness, rapidly progressing pneumonia, shortness of breath, chest pain, coughing up occasionally bloody or watery mucus, and other symptoms. Generally, fever, chills, headaches, and nausea are some of the general plague symptoms. There is also the case of lymph nodes enlargement, coughing, chest pain, and hemoptysis. Plague can be transmitted through; bites by fleas, contact with contaminated fluid or tissue, and infectious droplets. The symptoms of plague are typically non-specific; hence laboratory investigation is necessary for a certain diagnosis. Y. pestis infection can be detected using a microscope and by bacteria culture. The sample (buboes) can be gotten from blood, mucus (sputum), or an aspirate taken from swollen lymph nodes. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), can also be employed to diagnose plague (F1 capsule antigen). It is also possible to identify plague by using blood tests that look for antibodies to Y. pestis. Plague can be prevented by eliminating rodent’s habitats around living houses, workplace, and leisure locations, and elimination of bushes, rock piles, garbage, cluttered firewood, and potential rodent food sources such as pet and wild animal food. Plague vaccines are only recommended for high-risk categories such as laboratory professionals who are constantly exposed to the risk of contamination, and health care workers. All forms of plague respond to antibiotic treatment if they are diagnosed early. Those suspected to have made contact with infected patients or animals should be isolated and observed. Plague remains one of the most infectious diseases worldwide. Although as at the time of this review, there is no recent case of plague in Nigeria, or in Africa, effort is still required to create robust awareness among the population on the subject of plague. The focus of this review is to educate and create more awareness amon
{"title":"Plague: Symptoms, Transmission, Diagnosis, Prevention and Treatment","authors":"C. Nyenke, R. Esiere, B. A. Nnokam, R. Nwalozie","doi":"10.9734/sajrm/2023/v16i1297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/sajrm/2023/v16i1297","url":null,"abstract":"Plague is a contagious disease caused by the zoonotic bacteria, (Yersinia pestis) but transmitted by fleas. It is found on rodents and their fleas. The most common ways for humans to contract plague are through handling a plague-infected animal or by getting bitten by a rodent flea that is carrying the pathogen. Septicemic, pneumonic, and bubonic plague are the three most prevalent types. The bubonic plague typically takes 2 to 8 days to incubate. Patients experience weakness, one or more enlarged, painful lymph nodes, headache, chills, and fever (called buboes). The bite of an infected flea results in plague, which is the most widespread type of plague. Pneumonic plague, a more severe form of bubonic plague, can progress and disseminate to the lungs. Septicemic plague incubation period isn’t exactly known but, it most likely happens within days of exposure and is accompanied by high temperature, chills, intense exhaustion, stomach discomfort, shock, and maybe, bleeding into the skin and other organs. Pneumonic plague often only takes 1 to 3 days to incubate and is accompanied by a fever, headache, weakness, rapidly progressing pneumonia, shortness of breath, chest pain, coughing up occasionally bloody or watery mucus, and other symptoms. Generally, fever, chills, headaches, and nausea are some of the general plague symptoms. There is also the case of lymph nodes enlargement, coughing, chest pain, and hemoptysis. Plague can be transmitted through; bites by fleas, contact with contaminated fluid or tissue, and infectious droplets. The symptoms of plague are typically non-specific; hence laboratory investigation is necessary for a certain diagnosis. Y. pestis infection can be detected using a microscope and by bacteria culture. The sample (buboes) can be gotten from blood, mucus (sputum), or an aspirate taken from swollen lymph nodes. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), can also be employed to diagnose plague (F1 capsule antigen). It is also possible to identify plague by using blood tests that look for antibodies to Y. pestis. Plague can be prevented by eliminating rodent’s habitats around living houses, workplace, and leisure locations, and elimination of bushes, rock piles, garbage, cluttered firewood, and potential rodent food sources such as pet and wild animal food. Plague vaccines are only recommended for high-risk categories such as laboratory professionals who are constantly exposed to the risk of contamination, and health care workers. All forms of plague respond to antibiotic treatment if they are diagnosed early. Those suspected to have made contact with infected patients or animals should be isolated and observed. Plague remains one of the most infectious diseases worldwide. Although as at the time of this review, there is no recent case of plague in Nigeria, or in Africa, effort is still required to create robust awareness among the population on the subject of plague. The focus of this review is to educate and create more awareness amon","PeriodicalId":21776,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Research in Microbiology","volume":"116 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73150543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-04DOI: 10.9734/sajrm/2023/v16i1296
T. Samaraweera, T. Samaraweera, Nimesha Senadeera, C. Ranaweera
Aims: Determination of antibacterial efficacy of aqueous, methanol, dichloromethane, and hexane extracts from Jeffreycia zeylanica leaves against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Methodology: Completely ballooned leaves of J. zeylanica were gathered, air-dried, and milled into fine powder. Then macerated in all four selected solvents for about 1-2 weeks, the extracts were obtained by vacuum evaporation under reduced pressure. Antibacterial activity was performed against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC25923), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) using the agar well diffusion method and disc diffusion method. The positive control utilized was Gentamicin. The inhibitory zone's diameter (in mm) was measured and noted. The entire experiment was done in triplicates. Results: Findings from the study indicated that methanolic leaves extract (EC50 39.03mg/mL) had the highest effectiveness and potency against S. aureus using agar well diffusion method and, methanolic leaves extract (EC50 2.301mg/mL) had the highest effectiveness and potency against S. aureus using agar disc diffusion method. Conclusion: This study designates that, leaves of J. zeylanica have potential antibacterial activity using aqueous, methanol, Dichloromethane(DCM), and hexane extracts. Among them methanolic extract showed the highest activity indicating the highest inhibition zones and the most susceptible organism is S. aureus. Additional study is required to understand the mechanism and active ingredients behind the antibacterial activity of further plant sections.
{"title":"Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity of Endemic Jeffreycia zeylanica Plant Found in Sri Lanka","authors":"T. Samaraweera, T. Samaraweera, Nimesha Senadeera, C. Ranaweera","doi":"10.9734/sajrm/2023/v16i1296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/sajrm/2023/v16i1296","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: Determination of antibacterial efficacy of aqueous, methanol, dichloromethane, and hexane extracts from Jeffreycia zeylanica leaves against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. \u0000Methodology: Completely ballooned leaves of J. zeylanica were gathered, air-dried, and milled into fine powder. Then macerated in all four selected solvents for about 1-2 weeks, the extracts were obtained by vacuum evaporation under reduced pressure. Antibacterial activity was performed against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC25923), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) using the agar well diffusion method and disc diffusion method. The positive control utilized was Gentamicin. The inhibitory zone's diameter (in mm) was measured and noted. The entire experiment was done in triplicates. \u0000Results: Findings from the study indicated that methanolic leaves extract (EC50 39.03mg/mL) had the highest effectiveness and potency against S. aureus using agar well diffusion method and, methanolic leaves extract (EC50 2.301mg/mL) had the highest effectiveness and potency against S. aureus using agar disc diffusion method. \u0000Conclusion: This study designates that, leaves of J. zeylanica have potential antibacterial activity using aqueous, methanol, Dichloromethane(DCM), and hexane extracts. Among them methanolic extract showed the highest activity indicating the highest inhibition zones and the most susceptible organism is S. aureus. Additional study is required to understand the mechanism and active ingredients behind the antibacterial activity of further plant sections.","PeriodicalId":21776,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Research in Microbiology","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88792382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-23DOI: 10.9734/sajrm/2023/v15i4295
B. Akwasiam, B. Efiuvwevwere, O. Eruteya
Yoghurt-like products has been produced from a blend of soybean, coconut and breadfruit extract in the ratio B20:C20:S60, B20:C30:S50, B30:C20:S50 and B30:C30:S40 using Lactobacillus acidophilus on the substrates. Two sets of yoghurt-like products from these composites blend was produced and stored at refrigeration (5oC) and then at ambient temperature (29±2oC) for 4 weeks and 5 days, respectively. They were examined for changes in physicochemical properties against commercial (100% cow milk) dairy yoghurt as control. The changes in total solids (mg/L) reveals the following ranges for B20:C20:S60 (6.14 -14.00), B20:C30:S50 (4.10-13.10), B30:C20:S50 (4.02-12.04), B30:C30:S40 (3.20-12.42) and control (8.01- 20.00) and B20:C20:S60 (4.22-14.00), B20:C30:S50 (3.20-13.10), B30:C20:S50 (2.80-12.04), B30:C30:S40 (3.10-12.42) and control (8.10-20.00) for refrigeration and ambient temperature, respectively. The changes in pH ranges are as follows for B20:C20:S60 (3.80-5.40), B20:C30:S50 (3.60-5.00), B30:C20:S50 (3.60-5.00), B30:C30:S40 (3.20-4.80) and control (2.80-4.60) and B20:C20:S60 (3.90-5.60), B20:C30:S50 (3.60-5.20), B30:C20:S50 (3.40-5.00), B30:C30:S40 (3.40-4.80) and control (2.78-4.80) for refrigeration and ambient temperature, respectively. The titratable acidity (g/L) reveals the following ranges for B20:C20:S60 (0.42-1.20), B20:C30:S50 (0.32-1.00), B30:C20:S50 (0.34- 0.80), B30:C30:S40 (0.30-0.9) and control (0.50-1.40), and B20:C20:S60 (0.40-1.20), B20:C30:S50 (0.32-1.00), B30:C20:S50 (0.32-0.80), B30:C30:S40 (0.30-0.70) and control (0.52- 1.80) for refrigeration and ambient temperature, respectively. The viscosity (Ns/m2) ranges are as follows for B20:C20:S60 (300-500), B20:C30:S50 (355-470), B30:C20:S50 (350-480), B30:C30:S40 (340-475) and control (400-600), and B20:C20:S60 (340-500), B20:C30:S50 (330-470), B30:C20:S50 (315-480), B30:C30:S40 (300-480) and control (430-600) for refrigeration and ambient temperature, respectively. The non-dairy yoghurt produced showed characteristics as per with the dairy yoghurt, as they exhibited almost same pattern of changes during the storage period.
{"title":"Physiochemical Study of Yoghurt-like Product from Breadfruit, Coconut and Soybean Extracts Stored at Different Temperature","authors":"B. Akwasiam, B. Efiuvwevwere, O. Eruteya","doi":"10.9734/sajrm/2023/v15i4295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/sajrm/2023/v15i4295","url":null,"abstract":"Yoghurt-like products has been produced from a blend of soybean, coconut and breadfruit extract in the ratio B20:C20:S60, B20:C30:S50, B30:C20:S50 and B30:C30:S40 using Lactobacillus acidophilus on the substrates. Two sets of yoghurt-like products from these composites blend was produced and stored at refrigeration (5oC) and then at ambient temperature (29±2oC) for 4 weeks and 5 days, respectively. They were examined for changes in physicochemical properties against commercial (100% cow milk) dairy yoghurt as control. The changes in total solids (mg/L) reveals the following ranges for B20:C20:S60 (6.14 -14.00), B20:C30:S50 (4.10-13.10), B30:C20:S50 (4.02-12.04), B30:C30:S40 (3.20-12.42) and control (8.01- 20.00) and B20:C20:S60 (4.22-14.00), B20:C30:S50 (3.20-13.10), B30:C20:S50 (2.80-12.04), B30:C30:S40 (3.10-12.42) and control (8.10-20.00) for refrigeration and ambient temperature, respectively. The changes in pH ranges are as follows for B20:C20:S60 (3.80-5.40), B20:C30:S50 (3.60-5.00), B30:C20:S50 (3.60-5.00), B30:C30:S40 (3.20-4.80) and control (2.80-4.60) and B20:C20:S60 (3.90-5.60), B20:C30:S50 (3.60-5.20), B30:C20:S50 (3.40-5.00), B30:C30:S40 (3.40-4.80) and control (2.78-4.80) for refrigeration and ambient temperature, respectively. The titratable acidity (g/L) reveals the following ranges for B20:C20:S60 (0.42-1.20), B20:C30:S50 (0.32-1.00), B30:C20:S50 (0.34- 0.80), B30:C30:S40 (0.30-0.9) and control (0.50-1.40), and B20:C20:S60 (0.40-1.20), B20:C30:S50 (0.32-1.00), B30:C20:S50 (0.32-0.80), B30:C30:S40 (0.30-0.70) and control (0.52- 1.80) for refrigeration and ambient temperature, respectively. The viscosity (Ns/m2) ranges are as follows for B20:C20:S60 (300-500), B20:C30:S50 (355-470), B30:C20:S50 (350-480), B30:C30:S40 (340-475) and control (400-600), and B20:C20:S60 (340-500), B20:C30:S50 (330-470), B30:C20:S50 (315-480), B30:C30:S40 (300-480) and control (430-600) for refrigeration and ambient temperature, respectively. The non-dairy yoghurt produced showed characteristics as per with the dairy yoghurt, as they exhibited almost same pattern of changes during the storage period.","PeriodicalId":21776,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Research in Microbiology","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74670437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-22DOI: 10.9734/sajrm/2023/v15i4294
J. O. Alimi, S. Ogunbanwo, J. Alimi
This study was conducted to determine the antimicrobial effect of Lactic acid bacteria on food-borne pathogens isolated from some fruits sold in Ibadan, Nigeria. Lactobacillus species isolated from healthy fruits include L. casei, L. brevis, L. desidosus, L. jenseni, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Fructilactobacillus spp. while Aeromonas hydrophylia, Enterobacter aerogene, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhii, Shigella dysentriae, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus megaterium, Candida valida, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Rhizopus stolonifer were isolated from spoilt fruits using pour plate technique and biochemical test. Gram-negative isolates were 100% resistant to Cefuroxime, Amoxycillin/Clauvulanate, and Ampicillin while 93.75% of the isolates were highly sensitive to Ofloxacin. Gram-positive isolates were 100% resistant to Cloxicillin and highly sensitive to Ofloxacin and Gentamycin using an antibiotic disc. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum had the highest amount of Lactic acid (5.6 g/l) while L. casei had the lowest yield (3.6 g/l) at 48 hours. L. casei had the highest amount of hydrogen peroxide (0.00036 g/l) while Lactiplantibacillus plantarum. and Fructilactobacillus spp. had the lowest yield (0.00021 g/l) at 48 hours. The highest amount of diacetyl (3.01 g/l) was produced by L. jenseni while the lowest amount was observed in L. brevis (0.43 g/l) at 48 hours. The maximum inhibitory activity was observed in L. brevis against B. megaterum with a diameter of 18mm zone of inhibition while the minimum activity by L. desidosus, L. jenseni, Fructilactobacillus spp. was observed against B. subtilis and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum against K. pneumoniae with diameter 8 mm zone of inhibition. The antimicrobial compounds produced by the Lactic Acid Bacterial had antimicrobial effects on food-borne pathogens.
{"title":"Antimicrobial Effects of Lactic Acid Bacteria on Food-Borne Pathogens Isolated from Some Fruits Sold in Ibadan, Nigeria","authors":"J. O. Alimi, S. Ogunbanwo, J. Alimi","doi":"10.9734/sajrm/2023/v15i4294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/sajrm/2023/v15i4294","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to determine the antimicrobial effect of Lactic acid bacteria on food-borne pathogens isolated from some fruits sold in Ibadan, Nigeria. Lactobacillus species isolated from healthy fruits include L. casei, L. brevis, L. desidosus, L. jenseni, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Fructilactobacillus spp. while Aeromonas hydrophylia, Enterobacter aerogene, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhii, Shigella dysentriae, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus megaterium, Candida valida, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Rhizopus stolonifer were isolated from spoilt fruits using pour plate technique and biochemical test. Gram-negative isolates were 100% resistant to Cefuroxime, Amoxycillin/Clauvulanate, and Ampicillin while 93.75% of the isolates were highly sensitive to Ofloxacin. Gram-positive isolates were 100% resistant to Cloxicillin and highly sensitive to Ofloxacin and Gentamycin using an antibiotic disc. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum had the highest amount of Lactic acid (5.6 g/l) while L. casei had the lowest yield (3.6 g/l) at 48 hours. L. casei had the highest amount of hydrogen peroxide (0.00036 g/l) while Lactiplantibacillus plantarum. and Fructilactobacillus spp. had the lowest yield (0.00021 g/l) at 48 hours. The highest amount of diacetyl (3.01 g/l) was produced by L. jenseni while the lowest amount was observed in L. brevis (0.43 g/l) at 48 hours. The maximum inhibitory activity was observed in L. brevis against B. megaterum with a diameter of 18mm zone of inhibition while the minimum activity by L. desidosus, L. jenseni, Fructilactobacillus spp. was observed against B. subtilis and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum against K. pneumoniae with diameter 8 mm zone of inhibition. The antimicrobial compounds produced by the Lactic Acid Bacterial had antimicrobial effects on food-borne pathogens.","PeriodicalId":21776,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Research in Microbiology","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87080244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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