Expansion microscopy (ExM) has gained increasing popularity for 3D ultrastructural imaging of cultured cells and tissue slices at nanoscale resolution using conventional microscopes via physical expansion of biological tissues. However, its application to collagen-abundant thick tissues is still challenging. Herein, a new method, collagen ExM (ColExM), optimized for expanding tissues containing more than 70% collagen, is demonstrated. ColExM succeeds in 4.5-fold linear expansion with minimal structural distortion of corneal and skin tissues. It is compatible with immunostaining, allowing super-resolution visualization of 3D neural structures innervating hair follicles, corneas, and pancreatic tumors with high stromal collagen content. The method succeeds in identifying individual mitochondria and previously unrecognized dendritic spinelike structures of corneal nerves. It also enables fine mapping of structural rearrangement of tight junctions and actin cytoskeletons. Therefore, ColExM can facilitate the exploration of 3D nanoscale structures in collagen-rich tissues.
{"title":"Super-Resolution Imaging in Collagen-Abundant Thick Tissues","authors":"Ya-Han Chuang, Yueh-Feng Wu, Ya-Hui Lin, Yin-Hsu Chen, Yu-Xian Zhou, Shao-Chun Hsu, Hsin-Mei Lee, Ann-Shyn Chiang, Yunching Chen, Shiang-Jiuun Chen, Sung-Jan Lin, Li-An Chu","doi":"10.1002/sstr.202400231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sstr.202400231","url":null,"abstract":"Expansion microscopy (ExM) has gained increasing popularity for 3D ultrastructural imaging of cultured cells and tissue slices at nanoscale resolution using conventional microscopes via physical expansion of biological tissues. However, its application to collagen-abundant thick tissues is still challenging. Herein, a new method, collagen ExM (ColExM), optimized for expanding tissues containing more than 70% collagen, is demonstrated. ColExM succeeds in 4.5-fold linear expansion with minimal structural distortion of corneal and skin tissues. It is compatible with immunostaining, allowing super-resolution visualization of 3D neural structures innervating hair follicles, corneas, and pancreatic tumors with high stromal collagen content. The method succeeds in identifying individual mitochondria and previously unrecognized dendritic spinelike structures of corneal nerves. It also enables fine mapping of structural rearrangement of tight junctions and actin cytoskeletons. Therefore, ColExM can facilitate the exploration of 3D nanoscale structures in collagen-rich tissues.","PeriodicalId":21841,"journal":{"name":"Small Structures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142218348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jae Ho Kim, Geonguk Kim, Sung-Jo Kim, Yu Bhin Kim, Jae-Wook Kang, Jin Woo Choi, Jin-Woo Oh, Myungkwan Song
Flexible Organic Light-Emitting Diodes
柔性有机发光二极管
{"title":"Novel Strategy towards Efficiency Enhancement of Flexible Optoelectronic Devices with Engineered M13 Bacteriophage","authors":"Jae Ho Kim, Geonguk Kim, Sung-Jo Kim, Yu Bhin Kim, Jae-Wook Kang, Jin Woo Choi, Jin-Woo Oh, Myungkwan Song","doi":"10.1002/sstr.202470036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sstr.202470036","url":null,"abstract":"<b>Flexible Organic Light-Emitting Diodes</b>","PeriodicalId":21841,"journal":{"name":"Small Structures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141935916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nickel oxide (NiOx) serves as one of the most promising hole transport materials for perovskite light‐emitting diodes (PeLEDs). However, only moderate PeLED performances have been reported on the pristine NiOx layer due to insufficient hole injection, interfacial exciton quenching, and poor perovskite quality. Herein, a multifunctional molecule of 3‐mercapto‐1‐propanesulfonate (MPS) is demonstrated to successfully tailor the NiOx–perovskite heterogenous interface by addressing the above issues. In detail, the large binding energy between mercapto sulfur and nickel induces preferential self‐assembly of the mercapto group on the NiOx surface, which simultaneously enlarges the NiOx work function by the formation of interfacial dipole and suppresses the trap‐assisted exciton quenching by the passivation of the oxygen vacancies. Meanwhile, the self‐assembled MPS on NiOx also favors high‐quality perovskite films with good morphology, high crystallinity, and reduced defects for efficient carrier radiative recombination. As a result, blue PeLEDs show a remarkable efficiency of 10.4%, representing one of the highest efficiencies for NiOx‐based blue PeLEDs, as well as a very low turn‐on voltage of 2.8 V. Consequently, this work contributes to an efficient approach to tailor the NiOx–perovskite interface for highly efficient blue PeLEDs.
{"title":"Tailoring Niox/Perovskite Interface via a Multifunctional Self‐Assembled Molecule for High‐Performance Blue Perovskite Light‐Emitting Diodes","authors":"Huifeng Ji, Zhenwei Ren, Ran Chen, Chengzhao Luo, Xin Zhou, Zhiyong Zheng, Hengfei Shi, Yuze Zhang, Hua Chen, Huanxi Peng, Yu Chen","doi":"10.1002/sstr.202400153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sstr.202400153","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Nickel oxide (NiOx) serves as one of the most promising hole transport materials for perovskite light‐emitting diodes (PeLEDs). However, only moderate PeLED performances have been reported on the pristine NiOx layer due to insufficient hole injection, interfacial exciton quenching, and poor perovskite quality. Herein, a multifunctional molecule of 3‐mercapto‐1‐propanesulfonate (MPS) is demonstrated to successfully tailor the NiOx–perovskite heterogenous interface by addressing the above issues. In detail, the large binding energy between mercapto sulfur and nickel induces preferential self‐assembly of the mercapto group on the NiOx surface, which simultaneously enlarges the NiOx work function by the formation of interfacial dipole and suppresses the trap‐assisted exciton quenching by the passivation of the oxygen vacancies. Meanwhile, the self‐assembled MPS on NiOx also favors high‐quality perovskite films with good morphology, high crystallinity, and reduced defects for efficient carrier radiative recombination. As a result, blue PeLEDs show a remarkable efficiency of 10.4%, representing one of the highest efficiencies for NiOx‐based blue PeLEDs, as well as a very low turn‐on voltage of 2.8 V. Consequently, this work contributes to an efficient approach to tailor the NiOx–perovskite interface for highly efficient blue PeLEDs.","PeriodicalId":21841,"journal":{"name":"Small Structures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141926875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Metal–covalent organic frameworks (MCOFs) combining the advantages of open metal sites of metal–organic frameworks and covalent connections of COFs are potential platform for gas separation. Herein, three 2D cuprous-based MCOFs (Cu-COFs, named Cu-TABA, Cu-TFBA, and Cu-TP) are designed and synthesized through Schiff base condensation using two trinuclear cuprous complexes and three organic building blocks with different sizes. These Cu-COFs possess high crystallinity, good stability, and microporous structure with gradually decreasing pore size. The 1D columnar channels facilitate the rapid transport of gas molecules along the layer-by-layer stacking direction. The open cuprous ions serve as adsorption sites and interact strongly with propylene (C3H6) through π-complexation. The mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) fabricated by Cu-COFs and polymer (6FDA-DAM) exhibit superior propylene/propane (C3H6/C3H8) separation performance; shown by C3H6 permeability as high as 85.5 Barrer and C3H6/C3H8 selectivity reaching 36.6, much higher than those of pure 6FDA-DAM membrane. The performance beyond most reported MMMs demonstrates that Cu-COFs are candidate membrane materials for C3H6/C3H8 separation.
{"title":"Synthesis of Cuprous Organic Frameworks with Adjustable Pores as Membrane Materials for C3H6/C3H8 Separation","authors":"Zeliang Cheng, Hui Wu, Hao Zhang, Ziyang Wang, Lina Wang, Xiaoqin Zou, Guangshan Zhu","doi":"10.1002/sstr.202400295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sstr.202400295","url":null,"abstract":"Metal–covalent organic frameworks (MCOFs) combining the advantages of open metal sites of metal–organic frameworks and covalent connections of COFs are potential platform for gas separation. Herein, three 2D cuprous-based MCOFs (Cu-COFs, named Cu-TABA, Cu-TFBA, and Cu-TP) are designed and synthesized through Schiff base condensation using two trinuclear cuprous complexes and three organic building blocks with different sizes. These Cu-COFs possess high crystallinity, good stability, and microporous structure with gradually decreasing pore size. The 1D columnar channels facilitate the rapid transport of gas molecules along the layer-by-layer stacking direction. The open cuprous ions serve as adsorption sites and interact strongly with propylene (C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub>) through <i>π</i>-complexation. The mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) fabricated by Cu-COFs and polymer (6FDA-DAM) exhibit superior propylene/propane (C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub>/C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>8</sub>) separation performance; shown by C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub> permeability as high as 85.5 Barrer and C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub>/C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>8</sub> selectivity reaching 36.6, much higher than those of pure 6FDA-DAM membrane. The performance beyond most reported MMMs demonstrates that Cu-COFs are candidate membrane materials for C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub>/C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>8</sub> separation.","PeriodicalId":21841,"journal":{"name":"Small Structures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142218349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Indirajith Palani, Duyen Thi Nguyen, Jongchan Kim, Quang Khanh Nguyen, Long Van Nguyen, Da Som Song, Jong Sun Lim, Chang Gyon Kim, Kyeongjae Cho, Myung Mo Sung
Thermoelectric materials play a crucial role in converting heat into electricity, offering significant potential for applications in waste heat recovery and cooling. Herein, an innovative approach that combines an organic–inorganic hybrid superlattice structure with nanocrystal-amorphous composite nanolayers is introduced. The nanocrystal-amorphous composite enhances the Seebeck coefficient resulting in a notable twofold improvement in the power factor. The superlattice, alternating self-assembled organic monolayers and inorganic nanolayers, effectively reduces lattice thermal conductivity by creating multiple interfaces that scatter phonons effectively. The integration of the nanocrystal-amorphous composite nanolayers into the superlattice provides a dual advantage, simultaneously boosting the power factor and suppressing thermal conductivity. This synergistic effect leads to exceptional thermoelectric performance in the 4-mercaptophenol/Sb2Te3 superlattice, with achieved figure of merit (ZT) values of 3.48 at 300 K and reaching a peak ZT value exceeding 4.0 at 400 K while surpassing 2.5 over the temperature range from 300 to 500 K. These results suggest that this innovative approach paves the way for the development of highly efficient thermoelectric materials, propelling efforts toward more energy-efficient and environmentally friendly solutions.
热电材料在将热能转化为电能方面发挥着至关重要的作用，为废热回收和冷却领域的应用提供了巨大潜力。本文介绍了一种将有机-无机混合超晶格结构与纳米晶体-非晶态复合纳米层相结合的创新方法。纳米晶体-非晶态复合材料提高了塞贝克系数，使功率因数显著提高了两倍。超晶格是自组装有机单层和无机纳米层的交替层，通过形成能有效散射声子的多个界面，有效降低了晶格热导率。将纳米晶体-非晶态复合纳米层集成到超晶格中具有双重优势，既能提高功率因数，又能抑制热导率。这种协同效应使 4-巯基酚/Sb2Te3 超晶格具有卓越的热电性能，在 300 K 时达到 3.48 的优越性（ZT）值，在 400 K 时达到超过 4.0 的 ZT 峰值，而在 300 至 500 K 的温度范围内超过 2.5。
{"title":"An Organic–Inorganic Superlattice with Nanocrystal-Amorphous Composite Nanolayers for Ultrahigh Thermoelectric Performance","authors":"Indirajith Palani, Duyen Thi Nguyen, Jongchan Kim, Quang Khanh Nguyen, Long Van Nguyen, Da Som Song, Jong Sun Lim, Chang Gyon Kim, Kyeongjae Cho, Myung Mo Sung","doi":"10.1002/sstr.202400201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sstr.202400201","url":null,"abstract":"Thermoelectric materials play a crucial role in converting heat into electricity, offering significant potential for applications in waste heat recovery and cooling. Herein, an innovative approach that combines an organic–inorganic hybrid superlattice structure with nanocrystal-amorphous composite nanolayers is introduced. The nanocrystal-amorphous composite enhances the Seebeck coefficient resulting in a notable twofold improvement in the power factor. The superlattice, alternating self-assembled organic monolayers and inorganic nanolayers, effectively reduces lattice thermal conductivity by creating multiple interfaces that scatter phonons effectively. The integration of the nanocrystal-amorphous composite nanolayers into the superlattice provides a dual advantage, simultaneously boosting the power factor and suppressing thermal conductivity. This synergistic effect leads to exceptional thermoelectric performance in the 4-mercaptophenol/Sb<sub>2</sub>Te<sub>3</sub> superlattice, with achieved figure of merit (ZT) values of 3.48 at 300 K and reaching a peak ZT value exceeding 4.0 at 400 K while surpassing 2.5 over the temperature range from 300 to 500 K. These results suggest that this innovative approach paves the way for the development of highly efficient thermoelectric materials, propelling efforts toward more energy-efficient and environmentally friendly solutions.","PeriodicalId":21841,"journal":{"name":"Small Structures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141935915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ye Zhang, Siting Chen, Shihua Luo, Wenbin Li, Lifeng Zhang, Fei Lan, Yitong Zhu, Huijun Du, Ke Li, Chunchen Liu, Bo Situ, Bo Li, Xiaohui Yan
The utility of circular RNAs (circRNAs) as emerging biomarkers and regulatory factors in medical diagnostics and therapeutics is hampered by the challenges associated with their sensitive detection and precise modulation. Herein, a high-performance cooperative DNA nanodevice (HCDN) based on DNA tetrahedron-confined catalytic DNA assembly reaction (DT-CDA) that enables both imaging and regulation of circRNAs is developed. Activation of the DT-CDA is contingent upon the presence of the target circRNA, which, together with a replicative fuel probe, catalyzes the sequential opening of additional DT-CDAs. This cooperative exponential signal amplification with negligible background interference allows HCDN to effectively detect minute quantities of circRNAs. Employing circSATB2 as a model, the HCDN demonstrates substantial downregulation of Cyclin D1 (CCND1) mRNA and protein levels in cellular and in vivo models, thereby inhibiting tumor growth. The innovative design of HCDN sets the stage for a powerful methodology conducive to enhanced clinical diagnostics and biomolecule manipulation, thereby advancing the capabilities and applications of DNA nanotechnology.
{"title":"High-Performance Cooperative DNA Nanodevice Enables Sensitive Circular RNA Imaging and Precise Tumor Growth Suppression","authors":"Ye Zhang, Siting Chen, Shihua Luo, Wenbin Li, Lifeng Zhang, Fei Lan, Yitong Zhu, Huijun Du, Ke Li, Chunchen Liu, Bo Situ, Bo Li, Xiaohui Yan","doi":"10.1002/sstr.202400255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sstr.202400255","url":null,"abstract":"The utility of circular RNAs (circRNAs) as emerging biomarkers and regulatory factors in medical diagnostics and therapeutics is hampered by the challenges associated with their sensitive detection and precise modulation. Herein, a high-performance cooperative DNA nanodevice (HCDN) based on DNA tetrahedron-confined catalytic DNA assembly reaction (DT-CDA) that enables both imaging and regulation of circRNAs is developed. Activation of the DT-CDA is contingent upon the presence of the target circRNA, which, together with a replicative fuel probe, catalyzes the sequential opening of additional DT-CDAs. This cooperative exponential signal amplification with negligible background interference allows HCDN to effectively detect minute quantities of circRNAs. Employing circSATB2 as a model, the HCDN demonstrates substantial downregulation of Cyclin D1 (CCND1) mRNA and protein levels in cellular and in vivo models, thereby inhibiting tumor growth. The innovative design of HCDN sets the stage for a powerful methodology conducive to enhanced clinical diagnostics and biomolecule manipulation, thereby advancing the capabilities and applications of DNA nanotechnology.","PeriodicalId":21841,"journal":{"name":"Small Structures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141935914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marco Joes Lüther, Shi-Kai Jiang, Martin Alexander Lange, Julius Buchmann, Aurora Gómez Martín, Richard Schmuch, Tobias Placke, Bing Joe Hwang, Martin Winter, Johannes Kasnatscheew
State-of-the-art ternary layered oxide cathode active materials in Li-ion batteries (LIBs) consist of polycrystalline (PC), i.e., micron-sized secondary particles, which in turn consist of numerous nanosized primary particles. Recent approaches to develop single crystals (SCs), i.e., single and separated micron-sized primary particles, appear promising in terms of cycle life given their mechanical stability. However, a direct and systematic (“fair”) comparison of SC with PC in LIB cell application remains a challenge due to both differences on material level and state-of-charge (SoC), as SCs typically have slightly lower delithiation capacities/Li+ extraction ratios. In this work, PC and SC Li[Ni0.8Mn0.1Co0.1]O2 (NMC811) are synthesized with comparable bulk and surface characteristics from identical self-synthesized precursors. Indeed, the cycle life of SCs is not only superior, when conventionally charged to equal upper cutoff voltage (UCV), as shown in NMC||Li and NMC||graphite cells, but also after adjusting UCVs to similar SoCs, where bigger SCs counterintuitively have even a better rate performance and cycle life.
{"title":"Systematic “Apple-to-Apple” Comparison of Single-Crystal and Polycrystalline Ni-Rich Cathode Active Materials: From Comparable Synthesis to Comparable Electrochemical Conditions","authors":"Marco Joes Lüther, Shi-Kai Jiang, Martin Alexander Lange, Julius Buchmann, Aurora Gómez Martín, Richard Schmuch, Tobias Placke, Bing Joe Hwang, Martin Winter, Johannes Kasnatscheew","doi":"10.1002/sstr.202400119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sstr.202400119","url":null,"abstract":"State-of-the-art ternary layered oxide cathode active materials in Li-ion batteries (LIBs) consist of polycrystalline (PC), i.e., micron-sized secondary particles, which in turn consist of numerous nanosized primary particles. Recent approaches to develop single crystals (SCs), i.e., single and separated micron-sized primary particles, appear promising in terms of cycle life given their mechanical stability. However, a direct and systematic (“fair”) comparison of SC with PC in LIB cell application remains a challenge due to both differences on material level and state-of-charge (SoC), as SCs typically have slightly lower delithiation capacities/Li<sup>+</sup> extraction ratios. In this work, PC and SC Li[Ni<sub>0.8</sub>Mn<sub>0.1</sub>Co<sub>0.1</sub>]O<sub>2</sub> (NMC811) are synthesized with comparable bulk and surface characteristics from identical self-synthesized precursors. Indeed, the cycle life of SCs is not only superior, when conventionally charged to equal upper cutoff voltage (UCV), as shown in NMC||Li and NMC||graphite cells, but also after adjusting UCVs to similar SoCs, where bigger SCs counterintuitively have even a better rate performance and cycle life.","PeriodicalId":21841,"journal":{"name":"Small Structures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141935990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
John M. McBride, Aleksei Koshevarnikov, Marta Siek, Bartosz A. Grzybowski, Tsvi Tlusty
Despite recent breakthroughs in understanding how protein sequence relates to structure and function, considerably less attention has been paid to the general features of protein surfaces beyond those regions involved in binding and catalysis. This article provides a systematic survey of the universe of protein surfaces and quantifies the sizes, shapes, and curvatures of the positively/negatively charged and hydrophobic/hydrophilic surface patches as well as correlations between such patches. It then compares these statistics with the metrics characterizing nanoparticles functionalized with ligands terminated with positively and negatively charged ligands. These particles are of particular interest because they are also surface patchy and have been shown to exhibit both antibiotic and anticancer activities—via selective interactions against various cellular structures—prompting loose analogies to proteins. The analyses support such analogies in several respects (e.g., patterns of charged protrusions and hydrophobic niches similar to those observed in proteins), although there are also significant differences. Looking forward, this work provides a blueprint for the rational design of synthetic nano-objects with further enhanced mimicry of proteins’ surface properties.
{"title":"Statistical Survey of Chemical and Geometric Patterns on Protein Surfaces as a Blueprint for Protein-Mimicking Nanoparticles","authors":"John M. McBride, Aleksei Koshevarnikov, Marta Siek, Bartosz A. Grzybowski, Tsvi Tlusty","doi":"10.1002/sstr.202400086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sstr.202400086","url":null,"abstract":"Despite recent breakthroughs in understanding how protein sequence relates to structure and function, considerably less attention has been paid to the general features of protein surfaces beyond those regions involved in binding and catalysis. This article provides a systematic survey of the universe of protein surfaces and quantifies the sizes, shapes, and curvatures of the positively/negatively charged and hydrophobic/hydrophilic surface patches as well as correlations between such patches. It then compares these statistics with the metrics characterizing nanoparticles functionalized with ligands terminated with positively and negatively charged ligands. These particles are of particular interest because they are also surface patchy and have been shown to exhibit both antibiotic and anticancer activities—via selective interactions against various cellular structures—prompting loose analogies to proteins. The analyses support such analogies in several respects (e.g., patterns of charged protrusions and hydrophobic niches similar to those observed in proteins), although there are also significant differences. Looking forward, this work provides a blueprint for the rational design of synthetic nano-objects with further enhanced mimicry of proteins’ surface properties.","PeriodicalId":21841,"journal":{"name":"Small Structures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141935917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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