Pub Date : 2022-12-25DOI: 10.12731/2658-6649-2022-14-6-455-483
A. Zemlin, Evgeniia V. Gots, M. A. Matveeva, A. A. Torshin
The results of the spread of the coronavirus infection COVID-19 have demonstrated, on the one hand, the particular vulnerability of both transport workers and passengers of public transport and taxis to the risk of contracting infectious diseases, and on the other hand, the growing need to use vehicles to ensure uninterrupted transportation in order to counter the infection. supplying the population with medicines and food, providing medical care to the sick, etc. The experience of organizing work to provide such services and work in the context of preventing the spread and counteracting the coronavirus infection COVID-19 in a number of foreign countries has shown a high degree of efficiency in the use of unmanned vehicles to minimize contacts with the population of areas with a high risk of infection. As practice has shown, the effectiveness of the use of unmanned vehicles in a number of megacities in order to ensure the prevention of infection, the organization of quarantine measures, primary medical care for the infected, the delivery of food, medicines, is highly appreciated. However, the application of this kind of experience implies the need to ensure the safety of using highly automated vehicles in an urban agglomeration, which are a source of increased danger, which requires the adoption of sound political and organizational decisions, accompanied by the issuance of relevant regulatory legal acts. Thus, the theoretical relevance of the scientific study of issues related to the legal support for the use of unmanned vehicles in megacities in the context of counteracting the spread of the pandemic, as well as the practical significance of developing proposals on this basis to improve the norms of Russian legislation, is obvious. Background. The results of the spread of the coronavirus infection COVID-19 have demonstrated, on the one hand, the particular vulnerability of both transport workers and passengers of public transport and taxis to the risk of contracting infectious diseases, and on the other hand, the growing need to use a significant number of vehicles to combat infection. ensuring an uninterrupted supply of medicines and food to the population, providing medical care to the sick, etc. The lack of scientific analysis of the experience of legal regulation of the organization of work to provide such services and work in the context of preventing the spread and counteracting the coronavirus infection COVID-19 in a number of foreign countries is a factor that limits the possibility of using unmanned vehicles to minimize contacts with the population of areas with a high risk of infection. Purpose. The aim of the work is to develop, on the basis of a critical understanding of foreign experience in the use of highly automated vehicles in order to counteract the spread of epidemics and pandemics, to study regulatory and scientific sources of proposals for improving the norms of legislation, establishing the procedure and rules for the us
{"title":"COUNTERING THE SPREAD OF THE PANDEMIC OF CORONAVIRUS INFECTION COVID-19 IN MEGA CITIES WITH THE USE OF DRIVING CARS: EXPERIENCE, LEGAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL ASPECTS","authors":"A. Zemlin, Evgeniia V. Gots, M. A. Matveeva, A. A. Torshin","doi":"10.12731/2658-6649-2022-14-6-455-483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12731/2658-6649-2022-14-6-455-483","url":null,"abstract":"The results of the spread of the coronavirus infection COVID-19 have demonstrated, on the one hand, the particular vulnerability of both transport workers and passengers of public transport and taxis to the risk of contracting infectious diseases, and on the other hand, the growing need to use vehicles to ensure uninterrupted transportation in order to counter the infection. supplying the population with medicines and food, providing medical care to the sick, etc. The experience of organizing work to provide such services and work in the context of preventing the spread and counteracting the coronavirus infection COVID-19 in a number of foreign countries has shown a high degree of efficiency in the use of unmanned vehicles to minimize contacts with the population of areas with a high risk of infection. As practice has shown, the effectiveness of the use of unmanned vehicles in a number of megacities in order to ensure the prevention of infection, the organization of quarantine measures, primary medical care for the infected, the delivery of food, medicines, is highly appreciated. However, the application of this kind of experience implies the need to ensure the safety of using highly automated vehicles in an urban agglomeration, which are a source of increased danger, which requires the adoption of sound political and organizational decisions, accompanied by the issuance of relevant regulatory legal acts. Thus, the theoretical relevance of the scientific study of issues related to the legal support for the use of unmanned vehicles in megacities in the context of counteracting the spread of the pandemic, as well as the practical significance of developing proposals on this basis to improve the norms of Russian legislation, is obvious. \u0000Background. The results of the spread of the coronavirus infection COVID-19 have demonstrated, on the one hand, the particular vulnerability of both transport workers and passengers of public transport and taxis to the risk of contracting infectious diseases, and on the other hand, the growing need to use a significant number of vehicles to combat infection. ensuring an uninterrupted supply of medicines and food to the population, providing medical care to the sick, etc. The lack of scientific analysis of the experience of legal regulation of the organization of work to provide such services and work in the context of preventing the spread and counteracting the coronavirus infection COVID-19 in a number of foreign countries is a factor that limits the possibility of using unmanned vehicles to minimize contacts with the population of areas with a high risk of infection. \u0000Purpose. The aim of the work is to develop, on the basis of a critical understanding of foreign experience in the use of highly automated vehicles in order to counteract the spread of epidemics and pandemics, to study regulatory and scientific sources of proposals for improving the norms of legislation, establishing the procedure and rules for the us","PeriodicalId":21854,"journal":{"name":"Siberian Journal of Life Sciences and Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41478412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Agriculture is regarded as one of the most crucial sectors in guaranteeing food security. However, as the world’s population grows, so do agri-food demands, necessitating a shift from traditional agricultural practices to smart agriculture practices, often known as agriculture 4.0. It is critical to recognize and handle the problems and challenges related with agriculture 4.0 in order to fully profit from its promise. As a result, the goal of this research is to contribute to the development of agriculture 4.0 by looking into the growing trends of digital technologies in the field of agriculture. A literature review is done to examine the scientific literature pertaining to crop farming published in the previous decade for this goal. This thorough examination yielded significant information on the existing state of digital technology in agriculture, as well as potential future opportunities.
{"title":"SMART AGRICULTURE: A REVIEW","authors":"Gurjeet Singh, Naresh Kalra, Neetu Yadav, Ashwani Sharma, Manoj Saini","doi":"10.12731/2658-6649-2022-14-6-423-454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12731/2658-6649-2022-14-6-423-454","url":null,"abstract":"Agriculture is regarded as one of the most crucial sectors in guaranteeing food security. However, as the world’s population grows, so do agri-food demands, necessitating a shift from traditional agricultural practices to smart agriculture practices, often known as agriculture 4.0. It is critical to recognize and handle the problems and challenges related with agriculture 4.0 in order to fully profit from its promise. As a result, the goal of this research is to contribute to the development of agriculture 4.0 by looking into the growing trends of digital technologies in the field of agriculture. A literature review is done to examine the scientific literature pertaining to crop farming published in the previous decade for this goal. This thorough examination yielded significant information on the existing state of digital technology in agriculture, as well as potential future opportunities.","PeriodicalId":21854,"journal":{"name":"Siberian Journal of Life Sciences and Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48130244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-25DOI: 10.12731/2658-6649-2022-14-6-338-355
A. Solomentseva
Background. The climate, soil, and hydrology of the Volgograd Region complicate agricultural work. The ever-greater intensification of agriculture has brought substantial anthropogenic change upon the natural terrain in the agricultural areas of the country. Protective afforestation seeking to address soil erosion and drought, as well as the artificial selection of economically valuable species, have been the source of the most prominent change. Purpose. To evaluate the biological potential of Ribes L. species, the authors compared the development and reproductive traits, assessed the ecological flexibility of the species (an effective metric for introduction in arid regions that can be used in practice to muster biological resources and nursery work). Materials and methods. Currant populations were mainly studied by sampling population statistics and biometry, to which end the authors applied analysis of variance. Quantitative varying traits included fruiting, qualitative traits included leaf, fruit, and shoot color, and ordinal traits included bark smoothness. To evaluate the biological potential of the species Ribes aureum Pursh., the authors compared the development and reproductive traits, assessed the ecological flexibility of the species (an effective metric for introduction in arid regions that can be used in practice to muster biological resources and nursery work). Annual maturation rates of Ribes aureum Pursh. Shoots determine whether they will survive at winter. The following visual cues of maturation were used: lignification, coloring, and development of outer covers, budding, shoot growth completion, and leaf fall completion timings. Results. Currant grows in any soil, including alkaline light-chestnut soils, outcrops of bedrock ravines (Kamyshin), washed-away, eroded soils of steep slopes and ravines (Volgograd); winter hardiness depends on the natural range. Currant tends to live longer in soils most suitable for afforestation. Young shoots also differed in color. In Volgograd and its vicinity, such shoots were green (or brown), rugged. In Kamyshin, they were reddish or grayish, finely pubescent. Lamina morphometry revealed pronounced differences in lamina size and color from area to area. Conclusions. Currant species are promising shrubs that are important for forest reclamation and for nurseries. Currant plantations enrich flora and fauna as they form an ecological niche where beneficial insects, birds, mammals, and other animals can disperse, feed, or find a habitat. Currant polymorphism has an important role to play in plant evolution. It is caused by the variability of various traits in individuals of a population, which creates subspecies that are valuable for the purposes of selection and introduction. The genotype of a species determines its lamina parameters. Air temperature, precipitation, and soil moisture affect the modifiability of leaf parameters, as well as the location of leaves in the bush and on the shoots.
{"title":"ADAPTIVE POTENTIAL AND PHENOTYPIC VARIABILITY OF RIBES SPECIES IN THE LOWER VOLGA REGION","authors":"A. Solomentseva","doi":"10.12731/2658-6649-2022-14-6-338-355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12731/2658-6649-2022-14-6-338-355","url":null,"abstract":"Background. The climate, soil, and hydrology of the Volgograd Region complicate agricultural work. The ever-greater intensification of agriculture has brought substantial anthropogenic change upon the natural terrain in the agricultural areas of the country. Protective afforestation seeking to address soil erosion and drought, as well as the artificial selection of economically valuable species, have been the source of the most prominent change. \u0000Purpose. To evaluate the biological potential of Ribes L. species, the authors compared the development and reproductive traits, assessed the ecological flexibility of the species (an effective metric for introduction in arid regions that can be used in practice to muster biological resources and nursery work). \u0000Materials and methods. Currant populations were mainly studied by sampling population statistics and biometry, to which end the authors applied analysis of variance. \u0000Quantitative varying traits included fruiting, qualitative traits included leaf, fruit, and shoot color, and ordinal traits included bark smoothness. To evaluate the biological potential of the species Ribes aureum Pursh., the authors compared the development and reproductive traits, assessed the ecological flexibility of the species (an effective metric for introduction in arid regions that can be used in practice to muster biological resources and nursery work). Annual maturation rates of Ribes aureum Pursh. Shoots determine whether they will survive at winter. The following visual cues of maturation were used: lignification, coloring, and development of outer covers, budding, shoot growth completion, and leaf fall completion timings. \u0000Results. Currant grows in any soil, including alkaline light-chestnut soils, outcrops of bedrock ravines (Kamyshin), washed-away, eroded soils of steep slopes and ravines (Volgograd); winter hardiness depends on the natural range. Currant tends to live longer in soils most suitable for afforestation. Young shoots also differed in color. In Volgograd and its vicinity, such shoots were green (or brown), rugged. In Kamyshin, they were reddish or grayish, finely pubescent. Lamina morphometry revealed pronounced differences in lamina size and color from area to area. \u0000Conclusions. Currant species are promising shrubs that are important for forest reclamation and for nurseries. Currant plantations enrich flora and fauna as they form an ecological niche where beneficial insects, birds, mammals, and other animals can disperse, feed, or find a habitat. Currant polymorphism has an important role to play in plant evolution. It is caused by the variability of various traits in individuals of a population, which creates subspecies that are valuable for the purposes of selection and introduction. The genotype of a species determines its lamina parameters. Air temperature, precipitation, and soil moisture affect the modifiability of leaf parameters, as well as the location of leaves in the bush and on the shoots. ","PeriodicalId":21854,"journal":{"name":"Siberian Journal of Life Sciences and Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45065451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-25DOI: 10.12731/2658-6649-2022-14-6-211-225
Mihail D. Didur, I. A. Egorova, S. Novoseltsev, E. Zinkevich
Background. The article presents the evolution of massage in Russia - one of the directions of manual medicine. The study of such an evolutionary process is due to the need to comprehend the mental, historical and methodological foundations of massage, allowing to assess the importance of this direction for the treatment of patients. The content of the article shows the attitude of people to massage in Ancient Russia, illustrates its progressive development from the beginning of the XVI to the end of the XVIII centuries, describes the milestones of the development of massage as an independent method of treatment in the XIX–XX centuries. Purpose. Studying the evolution of massage as one of the directions of manual medicine in Russia, interconnected with the mentality of our people and traditions that are rooted in the long past. Materials and methods. The study was carried out through a theoretical method – the analysis of scientific literature on the history of massage, the history of medicine and, to some extent, the history of medical education. The authors in their theoretical study relied on historical and cultural approaches that allow us to consider the evolution of massage in Russian medicine. Results. Theoretical analysis of scientific literature made it possible to visualize in a scientific text the evolution of massage as one of the directions of manual medicine in Russia. Conclusions. The results of the theoretical research contribute to the history of medicine and medical education, are a source that allows us to rethink the contribution of Russian scientists to the development of massage as one of the directions of manual medicine in Russia.
{"title":"EVOLUTION OF MASSAGE AS ONE OF THE DIRECTIONS OF MANUAL MEDICINE IN RUSSIA","authors":"Mihail D. Didur, I. A. Egorova, S. Novoseltsev, E. Zinkevich","doi":"10.12731/2658-6649-2022-14-6-211-225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12731/2658-6649-2022-14-6-211-225","url":null,"abstract":"Background. The article presents the evolution of massage in Russia - one of the directions of manual medicine. The study of such an evolutionary process is due to the need to comprehend the mental, historical and methodological foundations of massage, allowing to assess the importance of this direction for the treatment of patients. The content of the article shows the attitude of people to massage in Ancient Russia, illustrates its progressive development from the beginning of the XVI to the end of the XVIII centuries, describes the milestones of the development of massage as an independent method of treatment in the XIX–XX centuries. \u0000Purpose. Studying the evolution of massage as one of the directions of manual medicine in Russia, interconnected with the mentality of our people and traditions that are rooted in the long past. \u0000Materials and methods. The study was carried out through a theoretical method – the analysis of scientific literature on the history of massage, the history of medicine and, to some extent, the history of medical education. The authors in their theoretical study relied on historical and cultural approaches that allow us to consider the evolution of massage in Russian medicine. \u0000Results. Theoretical analysis of scientific literature made it possible to visualize in a scientific text the evolution of massage as one of the directions of manual medicine in Russia. \u0000Conclusions. The results of the theoretical research contribute to the history of medicine and medical education, are a source that allows us to rethink the contribution of Russian scientists to the development of massage as one of the directions of manual medicine in Russia.","PeriodicalId":21854,"journal":{"name":"Siberian Journal of Life Sciences and Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45293455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-25DOI: 10.12731/2658-6649-2022-14-6-306-320
A. Belikina, E. P. Sukhareva
The Volgograd region is one of the largest regions producing sunflower oil seeds. In the approved State program of the Volgograd region “Development of agriculture and regulation of the markets of agricultural products, raw materials and food” until 2025, targets for the production and sale of sunflower seeds are fixed, and within the framework of the federal project “Export of agricultural products”, the share of the region in the volume of Russian exports of oil and fat products by 2024. Purpose. Analyze the possibility of meeting the fixed targets in the state plans. Materials and methods. In the process of writing the article, publicly available documents of state authorities, information on agricultural production of the State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation and the Volgograd region were used. The work was carried out using the graphical-analytical method and simple extrapolation. Microsoft Office Excel 8 was used for the calculation work. Results. In 2020, over 709 thousand hectares of sunflower crops were located in the region, and the yield of its seeds was 1.53 t/ha. The article considers the dynamics of the current state of sunflower seed production in the Volgograd region and the resource base on the basis of which the sub-sector operates. A forecast has been made, where it is determined that the indicator of the volume of sunflower seeds produced will be successfully achieved. Two scenarios are considered, according to which the development of sunflower seed production is possible and the results of their implementation are determined. Conclusion. After analyzing the current state of production of sunflower oil seeds, we can conclude that the level of their production enshrined in the State Program will be successfully achieved. Scenarios for the implementation of the established goals are proposed.
{"title":"DEVELOPMENT OF THE PRODUCTION OF OIL IN THE VOLGOGRAD REGION","authors":"A. Belikina, E. P. Sukhareva","doi":"10.12731/2658-6649-2022-14-6-306-320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12731/2658-6649-2022-14-6-306-320","url":null,"abstract":"The Volgograd region is one of the largest regions producing sunflower oil seeds. In the approved State program of the Volgograd region “Development of agriculture and regulation of the markets of agricultural products, raw materials and food” until 2025, targets for the production and sale of sunflower seeds are fixed, and within the framework of the federal project “Export of agricultural products”, the share of the region in the volume of Russian exports of oil and fat products by 2024. \u0000Purpose. Analyze the possibility of meeting the fixed targets in the state plans. \u0000Materials and methods. In the process of writing the article, publicly available documents of state authorities, information on agricultural production of the State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation and the Volgograd region were used. The work was carried out using the graphical-analytical method and simple extrapolation. Microsoft Office Excel 8 was used for the calculation work. \u0000Results. In 2020, over 709 thousand hectares of sunflower crops were located in the region, and the yield of its seeds was 1.53 t/ha. The article considers the dynamics of the current state of sunflower seed production in the Volgograd region and the resource base on the basis of which the sub-sector operates. A forecast has been made, where it is determined that the indicator of the volume of sunflower seeds produced will be successfully achieved. Two scenarios are considered, according to which the development of sunflower seed production is possible and the results of their implementation are determined. \u0000Conclusion. After analyzing the current state of production of sunflower oil seeds, we can conclude that the level of their production enshrined in the State Program will be successfully achieved. Scenarios for the implementation of the established goals are proposed.","PeriodicalId":21854,"journal":{"name":"Siberian Journal of Life Sciences and Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41508080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-25DOI: 10.12731/2658-6649-2022-14-6-157-171
V. Tarasenko, E. Garnik, V. N. Shmakov, Y. Konstantinov
Background. The mitochondrial electron transport chain, in particular the respiratory complex I, is one of the main sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in living cells. Suppression of the complex I activity in human cells through chemical inhibition or mutations that disrupt the functionality of this complex leads to a significant increase in the content of ROS. The complex I mutants are also known for plants; however, it is still not clear whether the suppression of the activity of this complex leads to an increase in the level of ROS and the development of oxidative stress. Purpose. To study the level of superoxide, hydrogen peroxide and sensitivity to prooxidants in Arabidopsis ndufs4 cells with complex I inactivated by insertional mutagenesis. Materials and methods. A suspension culture of wild-type Arabidopsis cells and a line with knockout the NDUFS4 complex I subunit was used. The level of hydrogen peroxide in the cells was determined using dichlorofluorescein. The superoxide content was estimated by cell staining in the presence of nitroblue tetrazolium. Results. It has been shown that inactivation of the NADH-dehydrogenase complex in Arabidopsis cells due to the absence of one of its subunits leads to a decrease in the content of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide. It was also shown that the level of ROS in cells treated with the menadione and hydrogen peroxide increased several times in wild-type cells, but remained almost unchanged in ndufs4 cells. Conclusion. Suppression of the activity of the NADH dehydrogenase complex in plant cells, but not in animal cells, leads to a decrease in the content of both hydrogen peroxide and superoxide. Cells of ndufs4 line have an increased ability to detoxify ROS, possibly associated with the constant mobilization of antioxidant defense systems.
{"title":"DECREASE IN THE CONTENT OF REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES DURING INACTIVATION OF THE RESPIRATORY COMPLEX I IN ARABIDOPSIS CELLS","authors":"V. Tarasenko, E. Garnik, V. N. Shmakov, Y. Konstantinov","doi":"10.12731/2658-6649-2022-14-6-157-171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12731/2658-6649-2022-14-6-157-171","url":null,"abstract":"Background. The mitochondrial electron transport chain, in particular the respiratory complex I, is one of the main sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in living cells. Suppression of the complex I activity in human cells through chemical inhibition or mutations that disrupt the functionality of this complex leads to a significant increase in the content of ROS. The complex I mutants are also known for plants; however, it is still not clear whether the suppression of the activity of this complex leads to an increase in the level of ROS and the development of oxidative stress. \u0000Purpose. To study the level of superoxide, hydrogen peroxide and sensitivity to prooxidants in Arabidopsis ndufs4 cells with complex I inactivated by insertional mutagenesis. \u0000Materials and methods. A suspension culture of wild-type Arabidopsis cells and a line with knockout the NDUFS4 complex I subunit was used. The level of hydrogen peroxide in the cells was determined using dichlorofluorescein. The superoxide content was estimated by cell staining in the presence of nitroblue tetrazolium. \u0000Results. It has been shown that inactivation of the NADH-dehydrogenase complex in Arabidopsis cells due to the absence of one of its subunits leads to a decrease in the content of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide. It was also shown that the level of ROS in cells treated with the menadione and hydrogen peroxide increased several times in wild-type cells, but remained almost unchanged in ndufs4 cells. \u0000Conclusion. Suppression of the activity of the NADH dehydrogenase complex in plant cells, but not in animal cells, leads to a decrease in the content of both hydrogen peroxide and superoxide. Cells of ndufs4 line have an increased ability to detoxify ROS, possibly associated with the constant mobilization of antioxidant defense systems.","PeriodicalId":21854,"journal":{"name":"Siberian Journal of Life Sciences and Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45277223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-25DOI: 10.12731/2658-6649-2022-14-6-51-69
A. Vesnina, V. Dolganyuk, A. Dmitrieva, A. Loseva, I. S. Milentyeva
Background. Increasing healthy life expectancy is a priority in modern healthcare. Squalene, a triterpene exhibiting antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and other properties, is a promising candidate for geroprotectors. Purpose. Assess the activity of squalene, that is, the possibility of its further use as a geroprotector. Materials and methods. Squalene was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (USA) for research. Squalene solutions were prepared with concentrations of 10, 50, 100, 200, 400, 800, and 1600 µmol/L (solvent dimethyl sulfoxide—DMSO). The work was carried out on the basis of the Laboratory for Biotesting of Natural Nutraceuticals (KemGU, Russia). Antioxidant activity was assessed by capturing ABTS radical cations in comparison with the activity of ascorbic acid. The model organism Caenorhabditis elegans N2 Bristol was purchased from the Laboratory for the Development of Innovative Medicines and Agrobiotechnologies of the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology. To assess the stress resistance of nematodes during cultivation, conditions of thermal (33°C) and oxidative (adding 15 μl of 1 M paraquat, 20°C) stress were created for 24 and 48 h. conditions (20 °C) for 61 days. The statistical significance of the results was assessed using Student’s t-test (in Microsoft Office Excel 2007). Lifespan data were assessed using a Kaplan-Meier survival plot combined with a log-rank test (Mantel-Cox). Data processing was carried out using the OASIS online application (https://sbi.postech.ac.kr/oasis/). Results. The results showed that squalene solutions did not exhibit antioxidant properties; did not trap radical cations with ABTS. A solution of squalene at a concentration of 10 μM contributed to an increase in the stress resistance of nematodes. Under conditions of oxidative stress, the survival of nematodes during cultivation for 24 hours is 3.1% higher than in the control. Under conditions of heat stress during cultivation for 48 hours, the survival rate is higher by 11.3%. Squalene solutions did not affect the lifespan of nematodes. Conclusion. Presumably, the antioxidant activity of squalene is expressed not in the capture of free radicals, but in the ability to act on biomolecules that lead to oxidative stress. A squalene solution with a concentration of 10 μM can reduce the negative impact of one of the factors causing premature aging. In order to assess the possibility of using squalene as a geroprotector without relying on cation-radical capture, further studies are needed to study the impact of the substance on other targets, mechanisms of action related to the occurrence of age-associated diseases. For example, analysis of the effect of squalene solutions on the growth rate of C. elegans larvae, the ability to influence the expression of antioxidant defense genes, the presence of anti-inflammatory and other properties.
{"title":"EVALUATION OF THE GEROPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF SQUALENE ON THE CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS MODEL","authors":"A. Vesnina, V. Dolganyuk, A. Dmitrieva, A. Loseva, I. S. Milentyeva","doi":"10.12731/2658-6649-2022-14-6-51-69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12731/2658-6649-2022-14-6-51-69","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Increasing healthy life expectancy is a priority in modern healthcare. Squalene, a triterpene exhibiting antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and other properties, is a promising candidate for geroprotectors. \u0000Purpose. Assess the activity of squalene, that is, the possibility of its further use as a geroprotector. \u0000Materials and methods. Squalene was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (USA) for research. Squalene solutions were prepared with concentrations of 10, 50, 100, 200, 400, 800, and 1600 µmol/L (solvent dimethyl sulfoxide—DMSO). The work was carried out on the basis of the Laboratory for Biotesting of Natural Nutraceuticals (KemGU, Russia). Antioxidant activity was assessed by capturing ABTS radical cations in comparison with the activity of ascorbic acid. The model organism Caenorhabditis elegans N2 Bristol was purchased from the Laboratory for the Development of Innovative Medicines and Agrobiotechnologies of the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology. To assess the stress resistance of nematodes during cultivation, conditions of thermal (33°C) and oxidative (adding 15 μl of 1 M paraquat, 20°C) stress were created for 24 and 48 h. conditions (20 °C) for 61 days. The statistical significance of the results was assessed using Student’s t-test (in Microsoft Office Excel 2007). Lifespan data were assessed using a Kaplan-Meier survival plot combined with a log-rank test (Mantel-Cox). Data processing was carried out using the OASIS online application (https://sbi.postech.ac.kr/oasis/). \u0000Results. The results showed that squalene solutions did not exhibit antioxidant properties; did not trap radical cations with ABTS. A solution of squalene at a concentration of 10 μM contributed to an increase in the stress resistance of nematodes. Under conditions of oxidative stress, the survival of nematodes during cultivation for 24 hours is 3.1% higher than in the control. Under conditions of heat stress during cultivation for 48 hours, the survival rate is higher by 11.3%. Squalene solutions did not affect the lifespan of nematodes. \u0000Conclusion. Presumably, the antioxidant activity of squalene is expressed not in the capture of free radicals, but in the ability to act on biomolecules that lead to oxidative stress. A squalene solution with a concentration of 10 μM can reduce the negative impact of one of the factors causing premature aging. In order to assess the possibility of using squalene as a geroprotector without relying on cation-radical capture, further studies are needed to study the impact of the substance on other targets, mechanisms of action related to the occurrence of age-associated diseases. For example, analysis of the effect of squalene solutions on the growth rate of C. elegans larvae, the ability to influence the expression of antioxidant defense genes, the presence of anti-inflammatory and other properties.","PeriodicalId":21854,"journal":{"name":"Siberian Journal of Life Sciences and Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42357446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-25DOI: 10.12731/2658-6649-2022-14-6-226-262
P. Kislyakov, E. Shmeleva, Tatiana V. Karaseva, O. Silaeva, Danila A. Prijatkin
In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, the problem of psychological well-being of medical workers is becoming particularly relevant. The appeal of physicians to intrapersonal hardiness resources, the use of optimal coping strategies for long-term work in a pandemic increases the likelihood of a more favorable passage of a stressful period and a decrease in emotional burnout. Goal. To identify the specifics of emotional burnout of medical workers during the fourth wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in the context of the characteristics of the state of hardiness and the use of coping strategies. Adaptation to the Russian language of the methodology “Burnout scale in COVID-19 (COVID-19-BS)” (M. Yıldırım, F. Solmaz). Materials and methods of research. The study was conducted in November-December 2021. The study sample included 128 medical workers: 37.5% doctors, 47% middle and junior medical personnel, 15.5% medical students who volunteered to work in medical institutions during the pandemic; 23% men, 77% women; aged 21 to 63 years (M=35 years). The study was conducted in the city of Ivanovo (47%), the city of Moscow and the Moscow region (57%). The following techniques were used: “The test of hardiness” (S. Muddy, in the Russian-language adaptation of E.N. Osin, E.I. Rasskazova), “Questionnaire of coping methods” (OSS) (R. Lazarus, S. Folkman, in the Russian-language adaptation of T.L. Kryukova, E.V. Kuftyak, M.S. Zamyshlyaeva), “Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemics - 9 items (SAVE-9) for Healthcare workers” (S. Chang with et al.; in the Russian-language adaptation by S.E. Mosolova et al.), “Burnout scale in COVID-19 (COVID-19-BS)” (M. Yildirim, F. Solmaz). The empirical data obtained were interpreted and processed using qualitative and quantitative methods of analysis, including: descriptive statistics, Spearman correlation analysis, linear regression analysis (step selection method), Mann-Whitney U-test. Results. The study showed that every third medical employee at work during the fourth wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia, in the context of the COVID-19 epidemic, experiences stress and anxiety, shows signs of emotional burnout. Two-thirds of medical workers as a whole have demonstrated a sufficient level of hardiness development. Hardiness parameters are negatively associated with anxiety and emotional burnout of physicians during the COVID-19 pandemic. The greatest durability of this effect is provided by such parameters of resilience as “engagement” and “risk taking”. Which indicates that hardiness may be a protective factor for medical professionals. The most implemented coping strategies among physicians are problem solving planning, social support search, self-control, positive reassessment. The choice of non-constructive copings (confrontation, distancing, escape-avoidance) promotes the development of emotional burnout. The study confirmed the reliability and validity of the COVID-19-BS questionnaire for measuring emotional burnout as
{"title":"HARDINESS AND COPING STRATEGIES OF MEDICAL WORKERS IN COUNTERING EMOTIONAL BURNOUT (DURING THE FOURTH WAVE OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN RUSSIA)","authors":"P. Kislyakov, E. Shmeleva, Tatiana V. Karaseva, O. Silaeva, Danila A. Prijatkin","doi":"10.12731/2658-6649-2022-14-6-226-262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12731/2658-6649-2022-14-6-226-262","url":null,"abstract":"In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, the problem of psychological well-being of medical workers is becoming particularly relevant. The appeal of physicians to intrapersonal hardiness resources, the use of optimal coping strategies for long-term work in a pandemic increases the likelihood of a more favorable passage of a stressful period and a decrease in emotional burnout. \u0000Goal. To identify the specifics of emotional burnout of medical workers during the fourth wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in the context of the characteristics of the state of hardiness and the use of coping strategies. Adaptation to the Russian language of the methodology “Burnout scale in COVID-19 (COVID-19-BS)” (M. Yıldırım, F. Solmaz). \u0000Materials and methods of research. The study was conducted in November-December 2021. The study sample included 128 medical workers: 37.5% doctors, 47% middle and junior medical personnel, 15.5% medical students who volunteered to work in medical institutions during the pandemic; 23% men, 77% women; aged 21 to 63 years (M=35 years). The study was conducted in the city of Ivanovo (47%), the city of Moscow and the Moscow region (57%). The following techniques were used: “The test of hardiness” (S. Muddy, in the Russian-language adaptation of E.N. Osin, E.I. Rasskazova), “Questionnaire of coping methods” (OSS) (R. Lazarus, S. Folkman, in the Russian-language adaptation of T.L. Kryukova, E.V. Kuftyak, M.S. Zamyshlyaeva), “Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemics - 9 items (SAVE-9) for Healthcare workers” (S. Chang with et al.; in the Russian-language adaptation by S.E. Mosolova et al.), “Burnout scale in COVID-19 (COVID-19-BS)” (M. Yildirim, F. Solmaz). The empirical data obtained were interpreted and processed using qualitative and quantitative methods of analysis, including: descriptive statistics, Spearman correlation analysis, linear regression analysis (step selection method), Mann-Whitney U-test. \u0000Results. The study showed that every third medical employee at work during the fourth wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia, in the context of the COVID-19 epidemic, experiences stress and anxiety, shows signs of emotional burnout. Two-thirds of medical workers as a whole have demonstrated a sufficient level of hardiness development. Hardiness parameters are negatively associated with anxiety and emotional burnout of physicians during the COVID-19 pandemic. The greatest durability of this effect is provided by such parameters of resilience as “engagement” and “risk taking”. Which indicates that hardiness may be a protective factor for medical professionals. The most implemented coping strategies among physicians are problem solving planning, social support search, self-control, positive reassessment. The choice of non-constructive copings (confrontation, distancing, escape-avoidance) promotes the development of emotional burnout. The study confirmed the reliability and validity of the COVID-19-BS questionnaire for measuring emotional burnout as","PeriodicalId":21854,"journal":{"name":"Siberian Journal of Life Sciences and Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49077841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-25DOI: 10.12731/2658-6649-2022-14-6-263-281
I. Soloveva, E. Yuryeva, T. V. Kustova, A. Belyaeva, Oksana V. Tkachenko, A. Narkevich
The beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic and the response of the Institutes of health aimed at reducing the spread of the disease required an immediate change in the traditional approach to education, especially medical. Against the background of severe restrictions in the implementation of educational programs – normative, situational and managerial - universities have an acute question about the available opportunities for mastering the competencies of the educational standard in a remote format. Forced emergency changes in approaches, forms, and methods of training allowed overcoming the crisis in the field of medical education. The article highlights the main trends in medical education formed during the crisis associated with the new coronavirus infection. The experience of organizing training in a pandemic in an educational organization is presented. The purpose of this work is to identify the main trends in the digitalization of medical education during the period of the threat of the spread of a new coronavirus infection. Methods of comparative analysis, description and subject modeling of indicators recorded in the electronic educational environment of the University for the period of 2020 were applied, as well as information from the Portal of continuing medical and pharmaceutical education was used. As a result, the main trends in the digitalization of medical education during the period of high alert on the example of COVID-19 were identified: the introduction of online education; personalization of medical education; transformation of working time and revision of process management practices at the university. The identified trends have led to the preservation of the quality of training for practical health care and have become a new starting point in the strategy for the development of medical education.
{"title":"PANDEMIC LESSONS: DIGITALIZING TRENDS ON MEDICAL EDUCATION IN THE COVID-19 ERA","authors":"I. Soloveva, E. Yuryeva, T. V. Kustova, A. Belyaeva, Oksana V. Tkachenko, A. Narkevich","doi":"10.12731/2658-6649-2022-14-6-263-281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12731/2658-6649-2022-14-6-263-281","url":null,"abstract":"The beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic and the response of the Institutes of health aimed at reducing the spread of the disease required an immediate change in the traditional approach to education, especially medical. Against the background of severe restrictions in the implementation of educational programs – normative, situational and managerial - universities have an acute question about the available opportunities for mastering the competencies of the educational standard in a remote format. Forced emergency changes in approaches, forms, and methods of training allowed overcoming the crisis in the field of medical education. The article highlights the main trends in medical education formed during the crisis associated with the new coronavirus infection. The experience of organizing training in a pandemic in an educational organization is presented. \u0000The purpose of this work is to identify the main trends in the digitalization of medical education during the period of the threat of the spread of a new coronavirus infection. \u0000Methods of comparative analysis, description and subject modeling of indicators recorded in the electronic educational environment of the University for the period of 2020 were applied, as well as information from the Portal of continuing medical and pharmaceutical education was used. \u0000As a result, the main trends in the digitalization of medical education during the period of high alert on the example of COVID-19 were identified: the introduction of online education; personalization of medical education; transformation of working time and revision of process management practices at the university. \u0000The identified trends have led to the preservation of the quality of training for practical health care and have become a new starting point in the strategy for the development of medical education.","PeriodicalId":21854,"journal":{"name":"Siberian Journal of Life Sciences and Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43763791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-25DOI: 10.12731/2658-6649-2022-14-6-282-305
Y. Chizhov, A. Radkevich, Pavel V. Mitrofanov, Tamara V. Kazantseva, Marina N. Babich, V. V. Sokolovich
Objective. To analyze three methods of cleaning and disinfection of removable plate prostheses (protected by patents) available for elderly and senile persons with psychoneurological diseases living in boarding schools. Materials and methods. Technologies of application of the following methods of cleaning and disinfection of removable plate prostheses are described: 1) using an ultrasonic dispersant UZDN-A with a complex of individual reagents; 2) using the ozonizer-sterilizer « Ozon-stom»; 3) with the help of an ultrasonic washing machine «Retona» and an original complex of domestic reagents. Results. Their positive and negative aspects are revealed; it is established: that each method carried out according to the instructions gives 100% disinfection of removable dentures; the most rational method of ultrasonic treatment with the use of a washing machine of the «Retona» type; for the removal of old and dense deposits of plaque, the method with the use of a dispersant UZDN-A is preferable; the method of ozonation for the elderly and senile people suffering from neuropsychiatric diseases can only be used with the participation of medical staff. Conclusion. The considered methods of cleaning and disinfection of removable plate prostheses can be applied to a greater or lesser extent for the elderly and senile in residential homes of psycho-neurological profile, with complete success can be applied to this category of persons living in a family or in residential homes for the elderly without diseases of this profile. According to the volume of positive aspects, the method of cleaning removable plate prostheses using a washing machine of the “Retona” type and the original complex of domestic reagents is most preferable.
{"title":"COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF AVAILABLE METHODS OF CLEANING AND DISINFECTION OF REMOVABLE PLATE PROSTHESES FOR THE ELDERLY AND SENILE","authors":"Y. Chizhov, A. Radkevich, Pavel V. Mitrofanov, Tamara V. Kazantseva, Marina N. Babich, V. V. Sokolovich","doi":"10.12731/2658-6649-2022-14-6-282-305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12731/2658-6649-2022-14-6-282-305","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. To analyze three methods of cleaning and disinfection of removable plate prostheses (protected by patents) available for elderly and senile persons with psychoneurological diseases living in boarding schools. \u0000Materials and methods. Technologies of application of the following methods of cleaning and disinfection of removable plate prostheses are described: \u00001) using an ultrasonic dispersant UZDN-A with a complex of individual reagents; \u00002) using the ozonizer-sterilizer « Ozon-stom»; \u00003) with the help of an ultrasonic washing machine «Retona» and an original complex of domestic reagents. \u0000Results. Their positive and negative aspects are revealed; it is established: that each method carried out according to the instructions gives 100% disinfection of removable dentures; the most rational method of ultrasonic treatment with the use of a washing machine of the «Retona» type; for the removal of old and dense deposits of plaque, the method with the use of a dispersant UZDN-A is preferable; the method of ozonation for the elderly and senile people suffering from neuropsychiatric diseases can only be used with the participation of medical staff. \u0000Conclusion. The considered methods of cleaning and disinfection of removable plate prostheses can be applied to a greater or lesser extent for the elderly and senile in residential homes of psycho-neurological profile, with complete success can be applied to this category of persons living in a family or in residential homes for the elderly without diseases of this profile. According to the volume of positive aspects, the method of cleaning removable plate prostheses using a washing machine of the “Retona” type and the original complex of domestic reagents is most preferable.","PeriodicalId":21854,"journal":{"name":"Siberian Journal of Life Sciences and Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45565452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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