Pest Management Science最新文献_第3页

Silencing core miRNA pathway genes disrupts ecdysis and development in white-backed planthopper (Sogatella furcifera) via RNAi and nanocarrier-mediated delivery. 沉默核心miRNA通路基因通过RNAi和纳米载体介导的递送破坏白背飞虱（Sogatella furcifera）的代谢和发育。

IF 4.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Pest Management Science

Pub Date : 2026-03-19 DOI: 10.1002/ps.70730

Yu Zhao,Jiang Wang,Xing-Yu Liu,Chao Wu,Jia-Li Chen,Yu Zhang,Youssef Dewer,Padmini D Senanayake,Feng-Qi Li,Guy Smagghe,Ming He,Peng He

BACKGROUNDMicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level and play critical roles in diverse cellular processes. However, the functional significance of miRNA pathway core genes in the white-backed planthopper (Sogatella furcifera, WBPH), a major rice pest in Asia, remains poorly understood.RESULTSHere, we identified eight core miRNA pathway genes (SfDicer-1, SfArgonaute-1, SfArgonaute-2, SfArgonaute-3, SfPasha, SfDrosha, SfLoquacious, and SfExportin-5) in WBPH and evaluated their functions using microinjection-based RNA interference (RNAi). To enhance field relevance, a spray-induced, nanocarrier-delivered gene silencing system (SI-NDGS) was applied, confirming lethal and developmental defects, particularly molting and cuticle abnormalities. Transcriptome analysis of five genes with high lethality (SfArgonaute-1, SfDrosha, SfLoquacious, SfExportin-5, and SfPasha) revealed extensive dysregulation of hundreds of genes, including key cuticle-related genes (Cuticular Protein and Chitinase-N-acetylglucosaminidase), perturbation of ecdysone signaling, and activation of the apoptotic gene Caspase-1, collectively explaining ecdysis failure, wing deformities, melanization and high mortality.CONCLUSIONSThese findings demonstrate that miRNA core pathway genes are essential for WBPH ecdysis and survival, highlighting their potential as RNAi targets for precise, eco-friendly pest management. This work provides a mechanistic framework linking miRNA pathway disruption to lethal phenotypes in a major agricultural pest and introduces SI-NDGS as an innovative delivery strategy for RNAi-based crop protection. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.

micrornas （miRNAs）在转录后水平调控基因表达，并在多种细胞过程中发挥关键作用。然而，亚洲主要水稻害虫白背飞虱（Sogatella furcifera， WBPH）中miRNA通路核心基因的功能意义仍然知之甚少。结果我们在WBPH中鉴定了8个核心miRNA通路基因（SfDicer-1、SfArgonaute-1、SfArgonaute-2、SfArgonaute-3、SfPasha、SfDrosha、SfLoquacious和SfExportin-5），并利用基于微注射的RNA干扰（RNAi）技术评估了它们的功能。为了提高与该领域的相关性，研究人员使用了一种喷雾诱导的纳米载体基因沉默系统（SI-NDGS），以确认致命和发育缺陷，特别是蜕皮和角质层异常。对5个高致死率基因（SfArgonaute-1、SfDrosha、SfLoquacious、SfExportin-5和SfPasha）的转录组分析显示，数百个基因广泛失调，包括角质层相关的关键基因（角质层蛋白和几丁质酶- n-乙酰氨基葡萄糖酶）、蜕皮激素信号的干扰和凋亡基因Caspase-1的激活，这些基因共同解释了蜕皮失败、翅膀畸形、黑色素化和高死亡率。这些发现表明，miRNA核心通路基因对白斑黑斑病的降解和存活至关重要，突出了它们作为RNAi靶点的潜力，可以用于精确、生态友好的害虫管理。这项工作提供了一个机制框架，将miRNA通路中断与主要农业害虫的致死表型联系起来，并介绍了SI-NDGS作为基于rnai的作物保护的创新递送策略。©2026化学工业协会。

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引用次数: 0

PcCPR12 participates in coordinating chitin and lipid metabolism to maintain cuticle structural stability in Panonychus citri. PcCPR12参与协调几丁质和脂质代谢，以维持柑橘爪虱角质层结构的稳定性。

IF 4.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Pest Management Science

Pub Date : 2026-03-19 DOI: 10.1002/ps.70749

Haifeng Wang,Tianrong Xin,Chenyu Jiang,Yuehan Li,Jing Wang,Bin Wan,Changxiu Xia,Bin Xia

BACKGROUNDThe severe overlapping generations and rapid development of insecticide resistance in Panonychus citri pose significant challenges to chemical control. Due to that the cuticle serves as a critical defensive barrier for mite survival, elucidating its assembly mechanism may provide new targets for overcoming resistance.RESULTSThis study focused on the cuticular protein PcCPR12, which is highly expressed in the cuticle-enriched exoskeleton fraction. Functional analysis demonstrated that silencing PcCPR12 resulted in disordered cuticular wrinkling and high mortality, with the survival rate dropping to 45.68%. In vitro experiments confirmed that the CPR12 protein possesses chitin-binding ability, establishing its role in structural support. Transcriptome sequencing further revealed that PcCPR12 knockdown significantly down-regulated the chitin and lipid metabolism pathways. Subsequent validation indicated that silencing the key genes PcCHT1 (chitinase) and PcFABP (fatty acid binding protein) also led to lethal phenotypes, proving their essential roles in cuticle integrity. Based on this mechanism, a fusion double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) targeting PcCPR12-CHT1-FABP was constructed. Bioassays showed that this multi-target strategy resulted in a lower cumulative survival rate (37.23%) and significantly impaired female fecundity compared to single-gene interference.CONCLUSIONIn summary, this study demonstrates the crucial function of PcCPR12 in upholding the structural integrity and stability of the P. citri cuticle. By delivering a multi-target strike against 'protein-chitin-lipid' components, the fusion RNA interference (RNAi) strategy developed here offers a theoretical foundation for P. citri management. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.

背景柑桔全爪螨严重的世代重叠和抗药性的快速发展给化学防治带来了重大挑战。由于角质层是螨生存的重要防御屏障，阐明其组装机制可能为克服抗性提供新的靶点。结果本研究重点研究了表皮蛋白PcCPR12，该蛋白在表皮富集的外骨骼部分中高度表达。功能分析显示，沉默PcCPR12导致表皮褶皱紊乱，死亡率高，生存率降至45.68%。体外实验证实CPR12蛋白具有几丁质结合能力，确立了其在结构支撑中的作用。转录组测序进一步显示PcCPR12敲低显著下调几丁质和脂质代谢途径。随后的验证表明，沉默关键基因PcCHT1（几丁质酶）和PcFABP（脂肪酸结合蛋白）也会导致致死性表型，证明它们在角质层完整性中起重要作用。基于这一机制，构建了靶向PcCPR12-CHT1-FABP的融合双链RNA （dsRNA）。生物测定表明，与单基因干扰相比，这种多靶点策略导致较低的累积存活率（37.23%）和显著降低的雌性繁殖力。综上所述，本研究证明了PcCPR12在维持柑橘表皮结构完整性和稳定性方面的重要功能。通过提供针对“蛋白质-几丁质-脂质”成分的多靶点打击，本研究开发的融合RNA干扰（RNAi）策略为柑橘柑橘管理提供了理论基础。©2026化学工业协会。

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引用次数: 0

Assessment of some characteristics of pitfall‐style traps in trapping the tropical bed bug, Cimex hemipterus (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) 陷阱式诱蚊器诱捕热带半翅虫（半翅目：半翅虫科）若干特点的评价

IF 4.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Pest Management Science

Pub Date : 2026-03-18 DOI: 10.1002/ps.70697

Tongen Ye, Liling Zeng, Yu Tian, Jingwen Ye, Delong Kong, Lufei Xie, Tao Ma, Ru Liang, Hongbing Shen, Changlu Wang, Desen Wang

BACKGROUND In the past 25 years, bed bugs ( Cimex lectularius L. and Cimex hemipterus (F.)) have resurged as common ectoparasites around the world. Effective monitoring is a key to effective bed bug management. Among the various methods used for monitoring bed bugs, installing pitfall‐style traps is considered the most reliable. However, there is relatively little research on the characteristics of trap design associated with trapping effectiveness. In this study, we evaluated the effect of diameter, height, color, and anti‐escape barrier treatment on trap efficiency for monitoring C. hemipterus . RESULTS Inverted dog bowls were more effective than ClimbUp interceptors in trapping C. hemipterus . The higher the height of the dog bowl, the better the trapping efficiency for C. hemipterus. Inverted dog bowls covered with blue or red tape captured the most C. hemipterus , followed by those with black tape, and green or yellow tape, and the inverted dog bowls covered with white tape captured the least number of C. hemipterus . Fluoropolymer resin, talcum powder, and diatomaceous earth dust coated on the inner walls of the inverted dog bowl completely prevented bed bugs from escaping. Applying talcum powder and diatomaceous earth dust to the inner walls of traps also had a significant bed bug killing effect. CONCLUSION The height and exterior wall's color, as well as the anti‐escape barrier treatment coated on the inner walls, are key factors affecting the pitfall‐style trap's effectiveness in trapping C. hemipterus . © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.

在过去的25年里，臭虫（Cimex lectularius L.和Cimex hemipterus (F.)）作为常见的体外寄生虫在世界范围内重新兴起。有效的监测是有效管理臭虫的关键。在各种监测臭虫的方法中，安装陷阱式陷阱被认为是最可靠的。然而，关于捕集器设计特性与捕集效果的研究相对较少。在这项研究中，我们评估了直径、高度、颜色和防逃逸屏障处理对监测半斜角锥体的诱捕器效率的影响。结果倒置狗碗比爬坡拦截器更能有效捕获半角锥体。狗碗高度越高，捕获半角棘球绦虫的效率越高。覆盖蓝色或红色胶带的倒置狗碗捕获的半斜角锥虫最多，其次是黑色胶带、绿色或黄色胶带，覆盖白色胶带的倒置狗碗捕获的半斜角锥虫最少。在倒置的狗碗内壁涂上含氟聚合物树脂、滑石粉和硅藻土粉尘，完全防止了臭虫的逃逸。用滑石粉和硅藻土粉在捕虫器内壁也有显著的杀虫效果。结论陷阱式诱捕器的高度、外壁颜色以及内壁涂覆的防逃逸屏障处理是影响陷阱式诱捕器捕获半斜角锥体效果的关键因素。©2026化学工业协会。

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引用次数: 0

Mechanism underlying the inhibitory effects of nonanoic acid on Phytophthora capsici : Insights from integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses 壬酸对辣椒疫霉抑制作用的机制：来自转录组学和代谢组学综合分析的见解

IF 4.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Pest Management Science

Pub Date : 2026-03-18 DOI: 10.1002/ps.70735

Jiabao Wei, Qifang Zhao, Qiuting He, Linfang Long, Sen Guo, Zuxin Zou, QiaoXia Shang, Yan Chen

BACKGROUND Phytophthora capsici , a devastating soil‐borne oomycete pathogen, causes significant economic losses. Owing to the increasing resistance to chemical fungicides and environmental risks, ecofriendly alternative treatments are urgently needed. Nonanoic acid, a natural plant‐derived compound, is highly biocompatible and has antimicrobial potential; however, its efficacy and mechanisms against oomycetes remain largely unexplored. Here, the inhibitory effects of nonanoic acid on P. capsici were investigated through cellular, transcriptomic, and metabolomic analyses to elucidate its mode of action and provide a theoretical basis for the development of novel biofungicides. RESULTS Nonanoic acid has strong anti‐oomycete activity and potent inhibitory effects on the mycelial growth, sporangia, and zoospores of P. capsici , with a half‐maximal effective concentration (EC 50 ) of 15.54 μg mL −1 . At 85 μg mL −1 , nonanoic acid completely inhibited sporangial germination and effectively suppressed zoospore germination. Pot experiments revealed that nonanoic acid provided both protective and therapeutic efficacy against P. capsici . Ultrastructural observations confirmed that nonanoic acid effectively inhibited P. capsici development and spread and significantly disrupted its cell membrane. Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses revealed that nonanoic acid primarily affected P. capsici by disrupting cellular transport pathways, such as ABC transporters, and energy metabolism pathways, including purine metabolism, to compromise normal membrane transport functions and dysregulate energy metabolism and related biological processes, ultimately resulting in growth inhibition and cell death. CONCLUSIONS The inhibitory mechanism of nonanoic acid against P. capsici was thoroughly investigated. These results suggest the application of nonanoic acid for agricultural disease control and provide theoretical support for the eco‐friendly management of Phytophthora ‐induced diseases. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.

辣椒疫霉（Phytophthora capsici）是一种毁灭性的土传卵菌病原体，造成了重大的经济损失。由于对化学杀菌剂的抗性和环境风险的增加，迫切需要生态友好的替代处理。壬酸是一种天然植物衍生化合物，具有高度的生物相容性和抗菌潜力；然而，其对卵菌的功效和机制在很大程度上仍未被探索。本文通过细胞、转录组学和代谢组学分析研究了壬酸对辣椒疫病毒的抑制作用，阐明了壬酸对辣椒疫病毒的作用方式，为开发新型生物杀菌剂提供了理论依据。结果壬酸具有较强的抗卵菌活性，对辣椒粉菌丝生长、孢子囊和游动孢子均有较强的抑制作用，半数最大有效浓度（ec50）为15.54 μg mL−1。在85 μg mL−1浓度下，壬烷酸完全抑制孢子囊萌发，有效抑制游动孢子萌发。盆栽试验结果表明，壬酸对辣椒病菌具有保护和治疗作用。超微结构观察证实，壬酸能有效抑制辣椒辣椒的发育和扩散，并显著破坏辣椒辣椒的细胞膜。综合转录组学和代谢组学分析表明，nonanoic酸主要通过破坏细胞转运途径（如ABC转运蛋白）和能量代谢途径（包括嘌呤代谢）来影响辣椒辣椒，破坏正常的膜转运功能，失调能量代谢和相关生物过程，最终导致生长抑制和细胞死亡。结论壬酸对辣椒疫病毒的抑制机制得到了较深入的研究。这些结果为nonanoic acid在农业病害防治中的应用提供了理论依据，并为疫霉病的生态管理提供了理论支持。©2026化学工业协会。

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引用次数: 0

Synthesis, antiviral activity and mechanistic insights into cytidine derivatives 胞苷衍生物的合成、抗病毒活性及机理研究

IF 4.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Pest Management Science

Pub Date : 2026-03-17 DOI: 10.1002/ps.70728

Rui Wang, Yueling Qin, Ming Chen, Wenjun Yang, Wenqian Wu, Tingting Li, Yonggui Robin Chi

Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is one of the most destructive plant pathogens. The modification of nucleosides is an effective method to develop anti-TMV agents. A series of novel cytidine derivatives were designed and synthesized, and their antiviral activities against TMV were evaluated systematically.

烟草花叶病毒（TMV）是最具破坏性的植物病原体之一。核苷修饰是研制抗tmv药物的有效方法。设计合成了一系列新型胞苷衍生物，并对其抗病毒活性进行了系统评价。

引用次数: 0

Climate change-driven expansion of goosegrass highlights risks to global food production. 气候变化导致的鹅草种植扩张凸显了全球粮食生产面临的风险。

IF 4.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Pest Management Science

Pub Date : 2026-03-15 DOI: 10.1002/ps.70731

Thiago Deomar Ludwig,Ednaldo Alexandre Borgato,Luis Antonio de Avila,Laura Montipó Roncaglia,Maria Imaculada Zucchi

BACKGROUNDClimate change and the spread of herbicide-resistant weeds pose increasing risks to global food security. Eleusine indica (goosegrass) is a globally invasive species characterized by broad geographic distribution, high ecological plasticity, and multiple resistance mechanisms. This study evaluated the current and future climatic suitability of E. indica at a global scale under climate change scenarios.RESULTSEnsemble ecological niche models calibrated with georeferenced occurrence records and climatic predictors showed excellent performance (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) = 0.999; true skill statistic (TSS)/kappa = 0.980), with low omission rates and high spatial agreement among algorithms (Bioclim, Random Forest, Support Vector Machines, and Maxent). Current projections indicate widespread suitability across tropical and subtropical regions, particularly in South America, Africa, and Southeast Asia. Future projections under SSP245 and SSP585 for 2050 and 2090 suggest a gradual expansion toward higher latitudes, with increased suitability in temperate regions such as the US Corn Belt, the Mediterranean Basin, and East Asia, especially under SSP585 by 2090. Overlap analyses identified substantial vulnerability in major soybean-producing regions, including Brazil, Argentina, the United States, and Southeast Asia.CONCLUSIONClimate change is expected to facilitate the poleward expansion of E. indica, increasing invasion risk in key agricultural regions while maintaining broad climatic stability across its current range. These findings emphasize the need for early detection, continuous monitoring, and integrated weed management strategies to mitigate long-term agronomic and food security risks posed by this globally invasive species. © 2026 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

气候变化和抗除草剂杂草的蔓延给全球粮食安全带来越来越大的风险。鹅草（Eleusine indica）是一种地理分布广泛、生态可塑性高、抗性机制多样的全球入侵物种。本研究在气候变化情景下，对全球尺度下籼稻的当前和未来气候适宜性进行了评价。结果利用地理参考事件记录和气候预测因子标定的遥感生态位模型具有良好的效果(受试对象工作特征曲线下面积(AUC) = 0.999；真实技能统计(TSS)/kappa = 0.980)，在Bioclim、Random Forest、Support Vector Machines和Maxent算法之间具有较低的遗漏率和较高的空间一致性。目前的预测表明，在热带和亚热带地区，特别是在南美洲、非洲和东南亚广泛适用。SSP245和SSP585对2050年和2090年的未来预测表明，到2090年，在温带地区，如美国玉米带、地中海盆地和东亚，特别是在SSP585下，将逐渐向高纬度地区扩展。重叠分析发现，巴西、阿根廷、美国和东南亚等主要大豆产区存在严重脆弱性。结论气候变化将促进籼稻向极地扩张，增加其在重点农业区的入侵风险，同时维持其目前活动范围内广泛的气候稳定性。这些发现强调了早期发现、持续监测和综合杂草管理策略的必要性，以减轻这种全球入侵物种带来的长期农艺和粮食安全风险。©2026作者。由John Wiley & Sons Ltd代表化学工业协会出版的《害虫管理科学》。

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引用次数: 0

A free-living Serratia symbiotica strain enhances aphid development, potentially through alteration of host nutritional composition. 一种自由生活的共生沙雷氏菌菌株可能通过改变宿主的营养成分来促进蚜虫的发育。

IF 4.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Pest Management Science

Pub Date : 2026-03-15 DOI: 10.1002/ps.70719

Hao Li,Li-Qun Cai,Qian Mou,Yi-Fei Sun,Kun-Yu Yang,Yuan-Sen Liang,Hao-Sen Li,Hong Pang

BACKGROUNDAphids harbor diverse microbial communities that influence their development, reproduction, and stress tolerance. In our previous work, we identified a free-living strain of Serratia symbiotica, SsMj, which is highly abundant in the gut of Megoura crassicauda. However, the biological effects of SsMj on its aphid host remain largely unknown.RESULTSIn this study, SsMj- M. crassicauda were generated by rearing newly hatched nymphs separately from their parthenogenetic SsMj+ parents. Absolute quantification of the microbiome revealed that, apart from the loss of SsMj, the overall bacterial abundance and diversity did not differ significantly between SsMj- and SsMj+ aphids. Nevertheless, SsMj- individuals exhibited slower development, smaller body size, reduced survival, and produced more offspring compared to their SsMj+ counterparts. Metabolomic analyses further showed that SsMj- aphids accumulated higher levels of several sugars but lower concentrations of multiple amino acids. Consistently, the insulin-like peptide (ILP) gene showed elevated expression across developmental stages in SsMj- aphids, which is likely to reflect a response to nutrient imbalance. RNA interference targeting ILP significantly delayed development, confirming its regulatory role in aphid growth. Comparative genomics showed that the SsMj genome contains a high number of genes involved in amino acid synthesis pathways than both obligate and facultative S. symbiotica strains, a pattern consistent with other free-living strains.CONCLUSIONOur findings indicate that S. symbiotica plays an essential role in aphid nutrient metabolism, and is likely to be facilitating the conversion of dietary sugars into amino acids to support host development. The fitness benefits conferred by this free-living S. symbiotica strain suggest a close, mutualistic-like association with its aphid host, highlighting its ecological and physiological significance in insect-microbe interactions. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.

蚜虫拥有多种影响其发育、繁殖和耐受性的微生物群落。在我们之前的工作中，我们发现了一种自由生活的共生沙雷菌SsMj，它在阔尾田鼠的肠道中含量很高。然而，SsMj对其蚜虫寄主的生物学效应在很大程度上仍然未知。结果在本研究中，SsMj- M. crassicauda是由新孵化的若虫与单性繁殖的SsMj+亲本分开饲养而产生的。微生物组的绝对定量显示，除了SsMj的损失外，SsMj-和SsMj+蚜虫的总体细菌丰度和多样性没有显著差异。然而，与SsMj+个体相比，SsMj-个体表现出较慢的发育、较小的体型、较低的存活率和更多的后代。代谢组学分析进一步表明，SsMj-蚜虫积累了较高水平的几种糖，但较低浓度的多种氨基酸。与此一致，胰岛素样肽（ILP）基因在SsMj-蚜虫的各个发育阶段都表现出升高的表达，这可能反映了对营养失衡的反应。针对ILP的RNA干扰显著延缓了蚜虫的发育，证实了其在蚜虫生长中的调节作用。比较基因组学表明，SsMj基因组中氨基酸合成途径相关基因的数量高于专性和兼性S. symbiotica菌株，这一模式与其他自由生活菌株一致。结论共生葡萄球菌在蚜虫的营养代谢中起重要作用，并可能促进食糖转化为氨基酸以支持寄主发育。这种自由生活的共生菌株所带来的适应性优势表明，它与蚜虫宿主有着密切的、互惠的联系，突出了它在昆虫-微生物相互作用中的生态和生理意义。©2026化学工业协会。

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引用次数: 0

Harpin Ea protein confers top rot resistance in Rosa roxburghii Tratt. through synergistic activation of structural defenses and the phenylpropanoid-flavonoid pathway. Harpin Ea蛋白赋予刺梨抗顶腐性。通过协同激活结构防御和苯丙-类黄酮途径。

IF 4.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Pest Management Science

Pub Date : 2026-03-13 DOI: 10.1002/ps.70733

Tingting Wei,Qiong Wu,Handinghong Zheng,Jiaohong Li,Xiaomao Wu

BACKGROUNDRosa roxburghii Tratt. is an economically important fruit crop whose production is severely constrained by top rot disease caused by Colletotrichum fructicola. Although protein elicitors such as Harpin Ea represent a promising sustainable alternative to chemical fungicides, their mode-of-action in this crop is largely unknown.RESULTSFoliar application of 7.5 mg L-1 Harpin Ea protein under field conditions significantly reduced top rot incidence, with >75% control efficacy over consecutive growing seasons, and increased fruit yield by >9% without negatively affecting quality, despite negligible direct antifungal activity in vitro (3.39-8.25% inhibition). The elicitor enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities, elevated levels of defense-related compounds and improved photosynthetic performance. Structural analyses show that Harpin Ea protein reinforced the fruit epidermis and cell walls, increasing key structural components (cellulose, lignin, carbohydrates) by 102-200%. Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic profiling demonstrates that Harpin Ea coordinately upregulated the phenylpropanoid-flavonoid biosynthetic pathway, enhancing the expression of genes encoding key enzymes such as phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), 4-coumarate-CoA ligase (4CL) and chalcone synthase (CHS), and promoting the accumulation of critical defense-related metabolites including p-cinnamic acid, caffeic acid, phenylalanine, naringenin, quercetin and hesperidin.CONCLUSIONHarpin Ea-induced resistance in R. roxburghii is mediated by a synergistic enhancement of physical barriers and systemic activation of phenylpropanoid-flavonoid metabolism. This work provides the first mechanistic evidence linking this dual-layer defense to Harpin Ea-induced disease resistance and establishes a molecular basis for the sustainable application of protein elicitors in fruit crop protection. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.

背景：roxburghii Tratt。我国是一种经济上重要的水果作物，其生产严重受到果炭疽菌顶腐病的制约。尽管像Harpin Ea这样的蛋白质激发子代表了化学杀菌剂的一种有前途的可持续替代品，但它们在这种作物中的作用方式在很大程度上是未知的。结果在田间条件下，叶面施用7.5 mg L-1 Harpin Ea蛋白可显著降低顶腐病发生率，连续生长季节的防治效果为3.39 ~ 8.25%，在不影响果实品质的情况下可提高果实产量9%，但体外直接抑菌作用微不足道（抑制率为3.39 ~ 8.25%）。激发子增强了抗氧化酶活性，提高了防御相关化合物的水平，改善了光合性能。结构分析表明，Harpin Ea蛋白增强了果实表皮和细胞壁，使关键结构成分（纤维素、木质素、碳水化合物）增加了102 ~ 200%。综合转录组学和代谢组学分析表明，Harpin Ea协调上调了苯丙氨酸-类黄酮生物合成途径，增强了苯丙氨酸解氨酶（PAL）、4-香豆酸-辅酶a连接酶（4CL）和查尔酮合成酶（CHS）等关键酶的编码基因表达，促进了对肉桂酸、咖啡酸、苯丙氨酸、柚皮素、槲皮素和柑皮苷等关键防御相关代谢物的积累。结论harpin ea诱导的刺梨抗性是由物理屏障增强和苯丙-类黄酮代谢系统激活协同介导的。该研究首次提供了将这种双层防御机制与Harpin ea诱导的抗病性联系起来的机制证据，并为蛋白质激发子在水果作物保护中的可持续应用奠定了分子基础。©2026化学工业协会。

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引用次数: 0

Biocontrol potential of entomopathogenic nematodes against Streltzoviella insularis (Staudinger, 1892) (Lepidoptera: Cossidae) under laboratory and field conditions. 昆虫病原线虫对岛链虫（Staudinger, 1892）的生物防治潜力（鳞翅目：蛾科）。

IF 4.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Pest Management Science

Pub Date : 2026-03-13 DOI: 10.1002/ps.70726

Hongbo Tang,Ye Li,Yanchun Wang,Mingli Han,Sergio Rasmann,Xianqin Wei,Weibin Ruan

BACKGROUNDStreltzoviella insularis (Staudinger, 1892) (Lepidoptera: Cossidae) is a widespread wood-boring pest that causes severe damage to urban and forest trees; however, its cryptic larval habit makes control difficult. Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) show promise for managing concealed pests, but their efficacy against S. insularis has not been systematically evaluated under both laboratory and field conditions.RESULTSAmong the nine EPN species tested, Steinernema carpocapsae exhibited the highest virulence, causing rapid and concentration-dependent mortality across all larval instars. Y-tube olfactometer bioassays revealed that healthy S. insularis larvae showed neither attraction nor avoidance toward S. carpocapsae-killed conspecifics, indicating a neutral behavioral response. In infested ash logs, injection of S. carpocapsae resulted in > 90% larval mortality within 7 days. Field applications produced similarly strong effects: nematode-treated trees showed a 94% reduction in active frass-ejection holes and a > 90% reduction in frass dry mass over 7 days, demonstrating substantial suppression of larval feeding activity.CONCLUSIONThis study demonstrates that S. carpocapsae is an effective biological control agent against S. insularis larvae under both laboratory and field conditions. These findings highlight the potential of EPN trunk injections as a practical, residue-free approach for managing cryptic wood-boring pests in urban and amenity landscapes. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.

Staudinger, 1892)（鳞翅目：树蛾科）是一种广泛分布的蛀木害虫，对城市和森林树木造成严重危害；然而，其隐蔽的幼虫习性使控制困难。昆虫病原线虫（EPNs）在防治隐伏害虫方面显示出良好的前景，但其对岛蠹蛾的防治效果尚未在实验室和野外条件下进行系统评价。结果9种EPN中，豆荚斯坦纳马（steinerma carpocapsae）的毒力最强，在所有幼虫中均能迅速致死，且呈浓度依赖性。y管嗅探生物测定显示，健康岛夜蛾幼虫对被蛇蛾杀死的同种虫既不吸引也不回避，表明其行为反应中性。在被侵染的白蜡原木中，注射豆角菌可使幼虫在7天内死亡约90%。田间应用也产生了类似的强烈效果：线虫处理的树木在7天内显示出活跃的草喷射孔减少了94%，草干质量减少了约90%，这表明幼虫的取食活性得到了实质性的抑制。结论在室内和田间条件下，豆角蓟马是一种有效的害虫防制剂。这些发现强调了EPN树干注入作为一种实用的、无残留物的方法来管理城市和美化景观中潜在的蛀木害虫的潜力。©2026化学工业协会。

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引用次数: 0

Stillage-based reductive soil disinfestation with organic materials reshapes the microbiome of continuous tomato soil and suppresses Fusarium wilt. 利用有机材料对秸秆还原性土壤进行消毒，重塑了连续番茄土壤的微生物群，抑制了枯萎病。

IF 4.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Pest Management Science

Pub Date : 2026-03-13 DOI: 10.1002/ps.70727

Ying Guan,Chuan You,Tianyu Sun,Chuanjiang Nong,Zaijie Wu,Yangchun Xu,Qirong Shen,Zhong Wei

BACKGROUNDReductive soil disinfestation (RSD) can suppress soil-borne diseases in continuous cropping systems, yet the effectiveness of stillage and distillers' grains and the soil mechanisms associated with their use in tomato remain unclear. Here, we tested stillage-based RSD with or without solid amendments (distillers' grains, corn straw or sheep manure) and assessed plant performance, soil properties, enzymes activities and microbial community responses.RESULTSAll RSD treatments increased tomato biomass and reduced the disease index. RSD increased soil pH, ammonium nitrogen (NH4 +-N), available phosphorus (AP) and labile organic carbon, while decreasing nitrate nitrogen. Bacterial communities were strongly reshaped, with enrichment of Firmicutes, Bacteroidota, and anaerobic fermenters (e.g. Proteiniphilum, Azospira) and depletion of Nitrospira and Fusarium. NH4 +-N, AP and pH were associated with microbial community composition and plant performance. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) and Mantel tests indicated that these variables were among the soil properties most closely linked to microbial community patterns and tomato growth under RSD.CONCLUSIONOur findings demonstrate that stillage-based RSD, when co-applied with distillers' grains, sheep manure, or corn straw, effectively mitigates tomato continuous-cropping obstacle and promotes the valorization of liquor by-products by reconstructing a beneficial soil microbe-plant-nitrogen network. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.

背景在连作系统中，还原性土壤除害（RSD）可以抑制土传病害，但其在番茄中使用的效果及其相关的土壤机制尚不清楚。在这里，我们测试了有或没有固体改进剂（酒糟、玉米秸秆或羊粪）的基于静止物的RSD，并评估了植物性能、土壤特性、酶活性和微生物群落反应。结果所有RSD处理均增加了番茄生物量，降低了病害指数。RSD提高了土壤pH、铵态氮（NH4 +-N）、速效磷（AP）和活性有机碳，降低了硝态氮。细菌群落被强烈重塑，厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门和厌氧发酵菌（如嗜蛋白菌、偶氮螺旋菌）富集，硝化螺旋菌和镰刀菌减少。NH4 +-N、AP和pH与微生物群落组成和植物生产性能相关。典型对应分析（CCA）和Mantel试验表明，在RSD条件下，这些变量是与微生物群落模式和番茄生长关系最密切的土壤性状。结论以酒糟为基础的RSD与酒糟、羊粪或玉米秸秆配合施用，通过重建有益土壤微生物-植物-氮网络，有效缓解了番茄连作障碍，促进了白酒副产物的增值。©2026化学工业协会。

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