Pest Management Science最新文献_第3页

What motivates the choice to custom hire pest management spraying services? 是什么促使人们选择定制雇用害虫管理喷洒服务？

IF 4.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Pest Management Science

Pub Date : 2024-11-12 DOI: 10.1002/ps.8494

Braeden Van Deynze, Trey Malone

This article presents a model of how farmers choose to custom hire for pest control. The decision-making process is illustrated through a discrete choice experiment conducted via a pilot survey of soybean growers in Michigan, Illinois, and Indiana. Farmers responded to a hypothetical pest infestation by choosing between custom operators, spraying on their own, or leaving the field to its fate.

本文介绍了一个农民如何选择雇人防治害虫的模型。通过对密歇根州、伊利诺伊州和印第安纳州的大豆种植者进行试点调查，用离散选择实验来说明决策过程。农民对假定的虫害做出反应，在定制操作员、自行喷洒或听天由命之间做出选择。

引用次数: 0

Response of the tomato leaf miner Phthorimaea absoluta to wild and domesticated tomato genotypes 番茄潜叶蝇（Phthorimaea absoluta）对野生和驯化番茄基因型的反应

IF 4.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Pest Management Science

Pub Date : 2024-11-12 DOI: 10.1002/ps.8534

Ayomide Joseph Zannou, Jörg Romeis, Jana Collatz

Phthorimaea absoluta, a highly destructive invasive pest, poses a significant threat to tomato production globally. Exploring alternative control methods, such as host plant resistance can contribute to diminish reliance on insecticides and promote sustainable integrated pest management (IPM) practices. Thus, the identification of new P. absoluta-resistant tomato cultivars and potential wild sources for breeding programmes remains imperative. We evaluated the effect of 19 tomato genotypes, comprising 16 domesticated varieties and three wild tomato species, on oviposition output of female P. absoluta, as well as on larval performance under no-choice conditions using detached leaves. We also characterized and quantified glandular and nonglandular trichomes, exploring their potential correlation with the response of P. absoluta to the tomato plants.

绝对蓟马（Phthorimaea absoluta）是一种破坏性极强的入侵害虫，对全球番茄生产构成严重威胁。探索寄主植物抗性等替代控制方法有助于减少对杀虫剂的依赖，促进可持续的害虫综合防治（IPM）实践。因此，为育种计划鉴定抗绝对番茄红素的新番茄栽培品种和潜在野生来源仍然是当务之急。我们评估了 19 种番茄基因型（包括 16 个驯化品种和 3 个野生番茄品种）对雌性 P. absoluta 产卵量的影响，以及在无选择条件下使用离体叶片对幼虫表现的影响。我们还对腺毛和非腺毛进行了定性和定量，探讨了它们与 P. absoluta 对番茄植株反应的潜在相关性。

引用次数: 0

Characterization of two glutathione S‐transferase genes involved in clothianidin resistance in Bradysia odoriphaga 两种谷胱甘肽 S 转移酶基因的特征与 Bradysia odoriphaga 的噻虫嗪抗性有关

IF 4.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Pest Management Science

Pub Date : 2024-11-11 DOI: 10.1002/ps.8535

Xingyu Ma, Junjie Zeng, Chunni Zhang, Wu Dai

BACKGROUNDGlutathione S‐transferase (GST) is a key phase II detoxification enzyme involved in xenobiotics metabolism, and plays a pivotal role in the evolution of resistance to various types of insecticides. However, the specific functions of GST genes in clothianidin resistance remain obscure in Bradysia odoriphaga.RESULTSHere, a specific GST inhibitor, diethyl maleate (DEM), significantly increased the mortality of Bradysia odoriphaga larvae following exposure to clothianidin, and the activity of GST enzyme in clothianidin‐resistant (CL‐R) strain of Bradysia odoriphaga was markedly greater than that in the SS strain. Two sigma BoGSTs (BoGSTs1 and BoGSTs2) were markedly overexpressed in the CL‐R strain and exhibited a higher abundance in the Malpighian tubules or midgut. Exposure to clothianidin resulted in a significant increased expression of BoGSTs1 and BoGSTs2. The knockdown of BoGSTs1 and BoGSTs2 increased sensitivity of larvae to clothianidin in the resistant strain. Furthermore, overexpression of BoGSTs1 and BoGSTs2 led to a significant increase in Escherichia coli cells tolerance to clothianidin. In vitro metabolic assays indicate that these two GSTs cannot directly metabolize clothianidin and its secondary metabolite desmethyl‐clothianidin. Disk diffusion assays and fluorescence competitive binding assays indicated that BoGSTs1 and BoGSTs2 play a critical role in clothianidin resistance by antioxidant activity and non‐catalytic binding activity. The docking results showed that BoGSTs1 and BoGSTs2 have strong binding affinity toward clothianidin.CONCLUSIONCollectively, these findings pinpoint the potential role of BoGSTs1 and BoGSTs2 in conferring insecticide resistance in Bradysia odoriphaga and contribute to our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of insecticide resistance. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.

背景谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶（GST）是参与异种生物代谢的一种关键的第二阶段解毒酶，在各类杀虫剂抗性的进化过程中起着关键作用。结果特异性 GST 抑制剂马来酸二乙酯（DEM）能显著增加 Bradysia odoriphaga 幼虫暴露于氯噻菌胺后的死亡率，且氯噻菌胺抗性（CL-R）品系中 GST 酶的活性明显高于 SS 品系。两种σ BoGST（BoGSTs1 和 BoGSTs2）在 CL-R 株系中明显过表达，并在 Malpighian 小管或中肠中表现出更高的丰度。暴露于氯噻酮后，BoGSTs1 和 BoGSTs2 的表达量显著增加。在抗性品系中，BoGSTs1 和 BoGSTs2 的敲除增加了幼虫对克线磷的敏感性。此外，BoGSTs1 和 BoGSTs2 的过表达导致大肠杆菌细胞对克菌丹的耐受性显著增加。体外代谢试验表明，这两种 GSTs 不能直接代谢噻菌胺及其次级代谢产物去甲基-噻菌胺。盘扩散实验和荧光竞争结合实验表明，BoGSTs1 和 BoGSTs2 通过抗氧化活性和非催化结合活性在抗布噻啶过程中发挥了关键作用。总之，这些研究结果指出了 BoGSTs1 和 BoGSTs2 在使 Bradysia odoriphaga 产生抗药性中的潜在作用，有助于我们了解杀虫剂抗药性的内在机制。© 2024 化学工业协会。

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引用次数: 0

Machine learning‐based rational design for efficient discovery of allatostatin analogs as promising lead candidates for novel IGRs 基于机器学习的合理设计，高效发现有希望成为新型 IGR 候选先导药物的别他司汀类似物

IF 4.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Pest Management Science

Pub Date : 2024-11-08 DOI: 10.1002/ps.8518

Yi‐Meng Zhang, Qi He, Jia‐Lin Cui, Yan Liu, Mei‐Zi Wang, Xing‐Xing Lu, Shi‐Xiang Pan, Chandni Iqbal, De‐Xing Ye, Wen‐Yu Sun, Xin‐Yuan Zhang, Zhen‐Peng Kai, Li Zhang, Xin‐Ling Yang

BACKGROUNDInsect neuropeptide allatostatins (ASTs) play a vital role in regulating insect growth, development, and reproduction, making them potential candidates for new insect growth regulators (IGRs). However, the practical use of natural ASTs in pest management is constrained by their long sequences and high production costs, thus the development of AST analogs with shorter sequences and reduced cost is essential. Traditional methods for designing AST analogs are often time‐consuming and resource‐intensive. This study aims to employ new computational methodologies to understand the structure–activity relationship and efficiently discover potent AST analogs.RESULTSTwo machine learning models, utilizing multiple linear regression and support vector machine, were constructed to reveal the key structural factors that influence the juvenile hormone‐inhibiting activity of AST analogs. These models suggested that a potent AST analog should contain styrene, hydrophilic, and aromatic groups, and rotatable bonds at positions 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. Six analogs (A52‐A57) were designed and synthesized, and they exhibited potent juvenile hormone‐inhibiting activity (IC50 < 16 nM). Notably, analog A53 showed the best activity (IC50 = 2.07 nM), surpassing that of most natural Dippu‐ASTs, making it a potential lead candidate for IGRs.CONCLUSIONThese models promote the efficient design, screening, and prioritization of new or untested AST analogs. The study clarifies how a machine learning‐based strategy facilitates the development of AST analogs as novel IGR lead candidates, offering a useful reference for pest management. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.

背景昆虫神经肽类异雄激素（ASTs）在调节昆虫的生长、发育和繁殖方面发挥着重要作用，因此有可能成为新的昆虫生长调节剂（IGRs）。然而，天然 AST 在害虫管理中的实际应用受到其长序列和高生产成本的限制，因此开发序列更短、成本更低的 AST 类似物至关重要。设计 AST 类似物的传统方法往往耗费大量时间和资源。结果利用多元线性回归和支持向量机构建了两个机器学习模型，揭示了影响 AST 类似物幼年激素抑制活性的关键结构因素。这些模型表明，强效的 AST 类似物应在 1、2、3 和 4 号位置分别含有苯乙烯基团、亲水基团、芳香基团和可旋转键。研究人员设计并合成了六种类似物（A52-A57），这些类似物具有很强的幼年激素抑制活性（IC50 < 16 nM）。值得注意的是，类似物 A53 显示出最佳活性（IC50 = 2.07 nM），超过了大多数天然 Dippu-ASTs 的活性，使其成为 IGRs 的潜在候选先导物。该研究阐明了基于机器学习的策略如何促进 AST 类似物作为新型 IGR 候选先导药的开发，为害虫管理提供了有益的参考。© 2024 化学工业协会。

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引用次数: 0

Dynamic spatial network simulation accounting for multiple ecological factors provides practical recommendations for biosecurity early detection and rapid response (EDRR) strategies 考虑多种生态因素的动态空间网络模拟为生物安全早期检测和快速反应 (EDRR) 战略提供了实用建议

IF 4.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Pest Management Science

Pub Date : 2024-11-08 DOI: 10.1002/ps.8507

Eleanor May Cervigni, Rodrigo Pires, Elizabeth Joan Trevenen, David Britton, Barbara Waterhouse, Jane Evelyn Royer, Michael Renton

BACKGROUNDGlobally the spread of invasive pests is being facilitated by increased human mobility and climate change. Simulation modelling can help assess biosecurity strategies for early detection and rapid response (EDRR), but has struggled to account for important factors in the invasion process, such as spatial and temporal variability in habitat suitability and connectivity; population dynamics; and multiple dispersal pathways.We developed a novel dynamic spatial network simulation approach based on spatial network theory that enables integration of a wider range of spatio‐temporal factors than previous studies, calibrated it against extensive historical trapping data, and applied it to comprehensively analyse the EDRR strategy for Oriental fruit fly (Bactrocera dorsalis; OFF) in northern Australia.RESULTSSimulations indicated that the chance of OFF reaching the mainland in the next 20 years could be up to 20% under the current EDRR strategy, depending on how optimistic or pessimistic model assumptions are, and highlighted possible improvements to the EDRR strategy for further consideration. Simulations under optimistic assumptions indicate that transport via wind is most important in OFF reaching the mainland, but under pessimistic assumptions transport via people carrying infected fruit becomes more important.CONCLUSIONOur new dynamic spatial network simulation approach can account for a wide range of spatio‐temporal ecological factors to provide practical real‐world recommendations. At a minimum, this approach only requires weather and population data, both of which are available globally from a variety of free and open sources, making it broadly applicable to assessing the EDRR strategies in place for different species in other locations. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.

背景由于人类流动性的增加和气候变化，入侵害虫在全球范围内蔓延。模拟建模有助于评估早期检测和快速反应（EDRR）的生物安全策略，但却难以考虑入侵过程中的重要因素，如栖息地适宜性和连通性的时空变异性、种群动态和多种扩散途径。我们在空间网络理论的基础上开发了一种新的动态空间网络模拟方法，与以前的研究相比，这种方法能整合更多的时空因素，并根据大量的历史诱捕数据对其进行了校准，然后将其用于全面分析澳大利亚北部东方果蝇（Bactrocera dorsalis; OFF）的EDRR战略。结果模拟结果表明，在当前的 EDRR 战略下，未来 20 年内 OFF 到达大陆的几率最高可达 20%，这取决于模型假设的乐观或悲观程度，并强调了对 EDRR 战略的可能改进，以供进一步考虑。乐观假设下的模拟结果表明，通过风的传播对 OFF 到达大陆最为重要，但在悲观假设下，通过携带受感染水果的人的传播变得更加重要。这种方法至少只需要天气和人口数据，而这两种数据在全球范围内都可以从各种免费和开放的来源获得，因此它广泛适用于评估其他地方针对不同物种实施的 EDRR 战略。© 2024 化学工业协会。

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引用次数: 0

The oviposition of cotton bollworms stimulates the defense against its eggs and larvae in tomato plants 棉铃虫的产卵刺激了番茄植株对其卵和幼虫的防御能力

IF 4.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Pest Management Science

Pub Date : 2024-11-08 DOI: 10.1002/ps.8521

Jin‐Hua Shi, Rui Shao, Sara T Abdelkhalek, Shuo Zhang, Man‐Qun Wang

BACKGROUNDHerbivorous insects sustain their populations by oviposition. To reduce the damage caused by herbivores, the host plant triggers a defensive response upon detection of egg deposition. However, the specific impact of the egg deposition time of the cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), on the tomato plant defense remains obscure.RESULTSThis study investigated the effects of tomato plant defenses on cotton bollworm eggs and larvae at different time intervals following egg deposition. The study revealed that tomato plant defense triggered by egg deposition did not directly affect the hatchability of the eggs. Nevertheless, it attracted Trichogramma chilonis 48 h after the egg deposition. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis of the oviposition‐induced plant volatiles (OIPVs) revealed a considerable increase in the amount of α‐pinene released by tomato plants 48 h after egg deposition. The olfactory results from Y‐tube experiments showed that α‐pinene exhibited a substantial attraction towards T. chilonis. In addition, it was found that the defense response induced by egg deposition for 24 and 48 h significantly inhibited the growth and development of the larvae. Metabolomics analysis revealed that the egg deposition of cotton bollworm altered the metabolite composition and caused significant modifications in the metabolic pathways of tomato plants.CONCLUSIONThese findings provide novel insights into pest management by using egg‐induced plant defenses to reduce egg hatching, and impede larval growth and development in herbivorous insects. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.

背景食草昆虫通过产卵来维持其种群数量。为了减少食草动物造成的损害，寄主植物在发现虫卵沉积时会触发防御反应。然而，棉铃虫（鳞翅目：夜蛾科）的卵沉积时间对番茄植物防御的具体影响仍不清楚。结果本研究调查了卵沉积后不同时间间隔内番茄植物防御对棉铃虫卵和幼虫的影响。研究发现，由虫卵沉积引发的番茄植物防御并不直接影响虫卵的孵化率。不过，在虫卵沉积 48 小时后，它还是吸引了棉铃虫（Trichogramma chilonis）。对产卵诱导植物挥发物（OIPVs）的气相色谱-质谱分析表明，在卵沉积 48 小时后，番茄植物释放的 α-蒎烯数量显著增加。Y 型管实验的嗅觉结果表明，α-蒎烯对 T. chilonis 有很大的吸引力。此外，研究还发现，虫卵沉积 24 和 48 小时后诱导的防御反应显著抑制了幼虫的生长和发育。代谢组学分析表明，棉铃虫卵的沉积改变了代谢物的组成，并导致番茄植物的代谢途径发生显著变化。© 2024 化学工业协会。

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引用次数: 0

Bioavailability and phytotoxicity of clomazone to corn depend on soil characteristics and can be estimated by in situ pore water 氯马宗对玉米的生物利用率和植物毒性取决于土壤特性，并可通过原位孔隙水进行估算。

IF 4.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Pest Management Science

Pub Date : 2024-11-08 DOI: 10.1002/ps.8531

Duantao Cao, Wenwen Peng, Hanghang Xu, Xiaoxiang Fu, Xia Gong, Sumei Yu, Hongyi Wei, Qinghong Zhou, Yingjin Huang

BACKGROUNDThe injury caused by residual herbicides in soils to subsequent crops has been frequently reported and is largely related to soil physicochemical properties. Elucidating the interactions between herbicide toxicity and soil properties could help assess its phytotoxicity based on local soil characteristics. Here, the influence of soil properties on the accumulation and toxicity of clomazone as a model compound to corn was explored to obtain a universal indicator for estimating the toxicity of herbicides against crops.RESULTSThe phytotoxicity of clomazone to corn differed in the five tested soils with the median inhibitory concentration (IC50) values, according to the added concentration, fluctuating between 2.80 and 26.97 mg/kg. The uptake of clomazone by corn was primarily affected by its sorption onto soils and showed a positive correlation with the concentration of clomazone in in situ pore water (CIPW) (R2 ≥ 0.775, P < 0.001). In contrast to results derived from traditional soil clomazone concentrations (Csoil) determined through organic solvent extraction, consistent IC50 values (1.344–1.626 mg/L) were obtained based on CIPW in all five soils with a much lower coefficient of variation.CONCLUSIONSThese findings indicate that measuring the concentration of clomazone in in situ pore water provides a reliable and comparable method for evaluating its bioavailability and phytotoxicity on corn. Using CIPW rather than Csoil as a herbicide indicator is more accurate for assessing its actual phytotoxicity. These results are important for the scientific application of clomazone and the safe production of corn. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.

背景土壤中残留的除草剂对后继作物造成的伤害经常被报道，这在很大程度上与土壤理化性质有关。阐明除草剂毒性与土壤特性之间的相互作用有助于根据当地土壤特性评估其植物毒性。结果在五种测试土壤中，氯马宗对玉米的植物毒性各不相同，根据添加浓度的不同，中位抑制浓度（IC50）值在 2.80 至 26.97 mg/kg 之间波动。玉米对克芜踪的吸收主要受其在土壤中吸附作用的影响，并与原位孔隙水（CIPW）中克芜踪的浓度呈正相关（R2 ≥ 0.775，P < 0.001）。与通过有机溶剂萃取确定的传统土壤中克芜踪浓度（Csoil）得出的结果相比，在所有五种土壤中，根据 CIPW 得出的 IC50 值（1.344-1.626 mg/L）一致，且变异系数低得多。使用 CIPW 而不是 Csoil 作为除草剂指标，可以更准确地评估其实际植物毒性。这些结果对于氯马宗的科学应用和玉米的安全生产具有重要意义。© 2024 化学工业协会。

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引用次数: 0

Front Cover Image 封面图片

IF 3.8 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Pest Management Science

Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1002/ps.8542

Lang Xia, Ruirui Zhang, Liping Chen, Longlong Li, Tongchuan Yi, Meixiang Chen

The cover image is based on the article Monitoring the leaf damage by the rice leafroller with deep learning and ultra-light UAV by Lang Xia et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.8401.

封面图像基于郎霞等人的文章《利用深度学习和超轻型无人机监测水稻卷叶机对叶片的伤害》，https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.8401。图像

引用次数: 0

Female contact sex pheromone recognition in the German cockroach (Blattella germanica) is mediated by two male antennae-enriched sensory neuron membrane proteins. 德国小蠊的雌性接触性信息素识别是由两种雄性触角丰富的感觉神经元膜蛋白介导的。

IF 3.8 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Pest Management Science

Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1002/ps.8530

Hong-Yan Feng, Ya-Qin Zhao, Tao Yang, Yang-Yuntao Zhou, Lang-Lang Gong, Meng-Qi Zhang, Yun-Feng Ma, J Joe Hull, Youssef Dewer, Fan Zhang, Guy Smagghe, Ming He, Peng He

Background: The German cockroach Blattella germanica is a notorious urban health pest that has developed resistance to multiple pesticides. Thus, novel non-lethal pest control agents are urgently needed. Olfaction interference via disruption of sex pheromone recognition-related genes offers a promising approach. The German cockroach has a unique courtship behavior in which female adults emit contact sex pheromones (CSPs) in response to antennal touching, which subsequently triggers distinctive male sex behavioral responses. Due to the limited volatility of CSPs, the molecular mechanisms underlying their recognition and the specific olfactory pathways activated remain poorly defined. Although the odorant receptor coreceptor (Orco) is critical for most insect olfaction, sensory neuron membrane proteins (SNMPs), in particular SNMP1, also play crucial roles in sex pheromone recognition in moths and flies. While multiple SNMP1 homologs have been identified in multiple insect species, they have yet to be fully functionally characterized in cockroaches.

Results: In this study, RNA-interference (RNAi)-mediated knockdown of BgerOrco reduced both the electrophysiology responses and courtship behaviors of males, indicating CSP perception proceeds via an olfaction pathway. Similar RNAi knockdown of BgerSNMP1e and BgerSNMP1d, which are predominantly expressed in male antennae, revealed critical roles in perceiving the major component of the Blattella germanica CSP blend. Unlike BgerSNMP1e, BgerSNMP1d was also found to function in the perception of the minor CSP component. Molecular docking analyses revealed no differences in the binding affinities of BgerSNMP1d for the major and minor CSP components, whereas the binding affinities of BgerSNMP1e displayed clear selectivity for the major component.

Conclusion: Our results show that the olfactory pathway is critical for CSP recognition and that two male-enriched SNMP genes, BgerSNMP1e and BgerSNMP1d, are crucial factors mediating the male response to CSP stimulation in German cockroaches. This study lays a foundation for studying the mechanisms of CSP recognition and provides novel molecular targets with potential to be exploited as disruptors of courtship behavior. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.

背景：德国小蠊是一种臭名昭著的城市卫生害虫，已对多种杀虫剂产生抗药性。因此，迫切需要新型非致命性害虫控制剂。通过破坏性信息素识别相关基因来干扰嗅觉是一种很有前景的方法。德国小蠊有一种独特的求偶行为，即雌性成虫在触角接触时会释放接触性信息素（CSP），随后引发雄性的独特性行为反应。由于接触性信息素的挥发性有限，其识别的分子机制和激活的特定嗅觉通路仍不十分明确。虽然气味受体核心受体（Orco）对大多数昆虫的嗅觉至关重要，但感觉神经元膜蛋白（SNMPs），特别是 SNMP1，在蛾类和蝇类的性信息素识别中也起着至关重要的作用。虽然在多个昆虫物种中发现了多个 SNMP1 同源物，但它们在蟑螂中的功能特征尚未完全确定：结果：在这项研究中，RNA干扰（RNAi）介导的BgerOrco基因敲除降低了雄性蟑螂的电生理反应和求偶行为，表明CSP感知是通过嗅觉途径进行的。类似的 RNAi 敲除主要在雄性触角中表达的 BgerSNMP1e 和 BgerSNMP1d 的方法揭示了它们在感知德国扁虱 CSP 混合物主要成分中的关键作用。与 BgerSNMP1e 不同，BgerSNMP1d 也能感知 CSP 的次要成分。分子对接分析表明，BgerSNMP1d 与主要和次要 CSP 成分的结合亲和力没有差异，而 BgerSNMP1e 与主要成分的结合亲和力则显示出明显的选择性：我们的研究结果表明，嗅觉通路对于CSP识别至关重要，而两个雄性富集的SNMP基因BgerSNMP1e和BgerSNMP1d是介导德国小蠊雄性对CSP刺激做出反应的关键因素。这项研究为研究 CSP 识别机制奠定了基础，并提供了新的分子靶标，有可能被用作求偶行为的干扰物。© 2024 化学工业协会。

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引用次数: 0

Endophytic Bacillus velezensis GsB01 controls Gleditsia sinensis wilt by secreting antifungal metabolites and modulates symbiotic microbiota within trees. 内生芽孢杆菌 GsB01 通过分泌抗真菌代谢物和调节树体内的共生微生物群控制中华皂荚枯萎病。

IF 3.8 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Pest Management Science

Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1002/ps.8517

Jian-Yong Zeng, Kai-Di Chen, Bu-Fei Wei, Ze-Zhao Cui, Zi-Yi Xu, Hua-Ling Wang, Hui-Ping Li

Background: Identifying effective biological control agents against fungal pathogens and determining their mechanisms of action are important in the control of plant diseases.

Results: In this study, we isolated an endophytic bacterial strain, GsB01, from the branches of asymptomatic Gleditsia sinensis. Multi-locus sequence analysis identified the strain as Bacillus velezensis. GsB01 exhibited significant antifungal activity against Thyronectria austroamericana, the causative agent of G. sinensis wilt. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry identified four consistently present antimicrobial compounds in GsB01 metabolite fractions with high antifungal activity: macrolactin A, bacillaene A, surfactin, and iturin. GsB01's active metabolite fractions altered the metabolic profiles of T. austroamericana, disrupting seven pathways, including arginine biosynthesis, nucleotide metabolism, purine metabolism, and the pentose phosphate pathway. Furthermore, absolute quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis suggested that GsB01 may increase the abundance of endophytic bacteria in G. sinensis. The 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing revealed changes in the endophytic landscape in stems and roots following GsB01 introduction, particularly with significant variation in the dominant bacterial genera within the stems.

Conclusion: The study highlights GsB01's potential against plant wilt and suggests that its antifungal activity is achieved by secreting antifungal metabolites. The study also recorded changes in the symbiotic microbiota within trees that had been infected with a pathogenic fungus and subsequently treated with an endophytic antagonistic bacterial strain. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.

背景：发现有效的生物防治真菌病原体并确定其作用机制对植物病害的防治非常重要：本研究中，我们从无症状的中华皂荚（Gleditsia sinensis）枝条中分离出了一株内生细菌菌株 GsB01。多焦点序列分析确定该菌株为枯草芽孢杆菌（Bacillus velezensis）。GsB01 对中华皂荚枯萎病的病原菌 Thyronectria austroamericana 具有显著的抗真菌活性。液相色谱-质谱法确定了 GsB01 代谢物馏分中始终存在的四种具有高抗真菌活性的抗菌化合物：大内酯 A、百菌清 A、表面活性素和伊图灵。GsB01 的活性代谢物馏分改变了 T. austroamericana 的代谢谱，破坏了七条途径，包括精氨酸生物合成、核苷酸代谢、嘌呤代谢和磷酸戊糖途径。此外，绝对定量聚合酶链反应分析表明，GsB01 可能会增加中华皂苷内生细菌的数量。16S rRNA 扩增子测序显示，引入 GsB01 后，茎和根中的内生菌情况发生了变化，特别是茎中的优势菌属发生了显著变化：研究强调了 GsB01 防治植物枯萎病的潜力，并表明其抗真菌活性是通过分泌抗真菌代谢物实现的。该研究还记录了感染病原真菌并随后接受内生拮抗细菌菌株治疗的树木中共生微生物群的变化。© 2024 化学工业协会。

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引用次数: 0