Pest Management Science最新文献_第6页

Peptidic product derived from trypsin autolysis modulates insect digestive proteases and supports plant biochemical defense. 胰蛋白酶自溶产生的肽调节昆虫消化蛋白酶，支持植物生化防御。

IF 4.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Pest Management Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1002/ps.70579

Daniel Guimarães Silva Paulo,Halina Schultz,Yaremis Beatriz Meriño Cabrera,Ian Lucas Batista Santos,Maria Clara Neves Gomes Rodrigues,Milena Godoi Lima,Geisiane Aparecida Mariano,Rafael Junior de Andrade,Humberto Josué de Oliveira Ramos,Maria Goreti de Almeida Oliveira

BACKGROUNDSpodoptera frugiperda, commonly known as the fall armyworm, is a highly economically significant pest that affects various crops, resulting in substantial losses in productivity. Managing this pest primarily relies on chemical insecticides; however, the repeated development of resistance to these chemicals has rendered them less effective. Given this scenario, sustainable alternatives, such as the use of digestive enzyme inhibitors, have been investigated as potential tools in pest management.RESULTSMolecular docking predicts a conserved, isoform-spanning pose for GORE 3 on S. frugiperda trypsins, with occupancy of S1/S1' and adjacent subsites and richer aromatic/hydrophobic contacts than the S1-focused reference benzamidine. This binding topology aligns with the enzymology: GORE 3 acts as a competitive inhibitor (Ki = 4.00 mM) versus benzamidine (Ki = 1.64 mM), and IC50 determinations confirmed effective enzymatic blockade. In vivo, GORE 3 reduced larval body mass, extended the larval period, and produced mortality up to 46.66%. Nutritional and kinetic parameters were significantly affected, including increased KM (reduced substrate affinity) and lower approximate digestibility at higher dietary levels. Despite these effects, neither the leaf area consumed nor the feeding preference index differed from those of the controls.CONCLUSIONDocking and bioassays collectively demonstrate that GORE 3 interacts with trypsin-like proteases through a robust, multisite binding mode, resulting in competitive inhibition and measurable physiological effects in S. frugiperda. Although less potent than benzamidine based on Ki values, GORE3's isoform-spanning interactions and its influence on digestive and developmental parameters highlight the relevance of studying protease-inhibitor peptides as biochemical models for understanding lepidopteran digestive physiology. Future work should investigate peptide stability, compensatory digestive responses, and performance under diverse biological conditions to better clarify the biological significance of these interactions. © 2026 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

背景夜蛾（spodoptera frugiperda），俗称秋粘虫，是一种具有高度经济意义的害虫，影响各种作物，造成严重的生产力损失。管理这种害虫主要依靠化学杀虫剂；然而，对这些化学物质的抗药性的不断发展使它们的效果越来越差。在这种情况下，可持续的替代品，如使用消化酶抑制剂，已经被研究作为害虫管理的潜在工具。结果分子对接预测S. frugiperda胰蛋白酶上的GORE 3具有保守的跨异构体构型，占据S1/S1'和邻近亚位，比S1聚焦的参考苯并胺具有更丰富的芳香/疏水接触。这种结合拓扑结构与酶学一致：GORE 3作为一种竞争性抑制剂（Ki = 4.00 mM）与苯并脒（Ki = 1.64 mM）相比，IC50测定证实了有效的酶阻断。在体内，GORE 3降低了幼虫体质量，延长了幼虫期，死亡率高达46.66%。饲粮水平越高，营养和动力学参数受到显著影响，包括KM（底物亲和力降低）增加和近似消化率降低。尽管有这些影响，但消耗的叶面积和摄食偏好指数与对照组没有差异。结论对接和生物分析共同表明，GORE 3与胰酶样蛋白酶通过强大的多位点结合模式相互作用，在S. frugiperda中产生竞争性抑制和可测量的生理效应。虽然根据Ki值，GORE3的效价低于苯甲脒，但它的跨异构体相互作用及其对消化和发育参数的影响突出了研究蛋白酶抑制剂肽作为理解鳞翅目消化生理的生化模型的重要性。未来的工作应该研究肽的稳定性、代偿性消化反应和在不同生物条件下的表现，以更好地阐明这些相互作用的生物学意义。©2026作者。由John Wiley & Sons Ltd代表化学工业协会出版的《害虫管理科学》。

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引用次数: 0

Discovery of novel thiazolidinedione-benzylpiperidine hybrids as dual-target antifungal agents for crop disease management. 新型噻唑烷二酮-苄基胡椒啶杂交种作为作物病害管理的双靶点抗真菌剂的发现。

IF 4.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Pest Management Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1002/ps.70550

Junrong Song,Shuang Feng,Miaohe Zhang,Hongyu Zhang,Wishwajith Kandegama,Xianghui Ruan,Wei Xue

BACKGROUNDPlant fungal diseases, particularly those caused by Rhizoctonia solani, represent a major threat to global food security by causing substantial yield losses. Although chemical fungicides are available, growing pathogen resistance and environmental concerns necessitate the development of novel antifungal agents that are highly effective, eco-compatible, and operate through distinct mechanisms.RESULTSTwenty-four benzyl piperidine-containing thiazolidinedione derivatives were synthesized and their antifungal activities were assessed against six phytopathogenic fungi. In particular, D18 displayed the most potent fungicidal activity against Rhizoctonia solani, with a half-effective concentration (EC50) of 4.9 μg mL-1, surpassing that of the control drug azoxystrobin (13.2 μg mL-1). In vivo experiments confirmed the high protective and curative efficacy of D18 on rice leaves and sheaths. Furthermore, a series of physiological and biochemical experiments were conducted to investigate the action mechanism exerted by D18 against plant pathogens Rhizoctonia solani. The findings revealed that D18 acted through a novel dual-action mode: it compromised fungal cell membrane integrity and simultaneously impaired mitochondrial function, resulting in reduced membrane potential, accumulation of reactive oxygen species, and inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase activity.CONCLUSIOND18 is a promising antifungal agent with a unique mechanism of action that combines membrane disruption and mitochondrial dysfunction, offering a potential new strategy for sustainable crop protection. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.

植物真菌病害，特别是由枯丝核菌引起的植物真菌病害，通过造成大量产量损失，对全球粮食安全构成重大威胁。虽然化学杀菌剂是可用的，但日益增长的病原体耐药性和环境问题需要开发高效、生态兼容并通过不同机制起作用的新型抗真菌剂。结果共合成了24个含苯哌啶的噻唑烷二酮衍生物，并对6种植物病原真菌进行了抑菌活性测定。其中，D18对茄枯丝核菌的半数有效浓度（EC50）为4.9 μg mL-1，超过对照药氮唑菌酯（13.2 μg mL-1）。体内实验证实了D18对水稻叶片和鞘具有较高的保护和治疗作用。此外，通过一系列生理生化实验，探讨了D18对植物病原菌茄枯丝核菌的作用机制。研究结果表明，D18通过一种新的双作用模式起作用：它破坏真菌细胞膜的完整性，同时损害线粒体功能，导致膜电位降低、活性氧积累和琥珀酸脱氢酶活性抑制。结论d18具有独特的膜破坏和线粒体功能障碍联合作用机制，是一种很有前景的抗真菌药物，为作物可持续保护提供了新的策略。©2026化学工业协会。

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引用次数: 0

A Rickettsiella transinfection in Rhopalosiphum padi reduces fitness and alate production but not plant virus transmission. 立克次氏体在帕迪罗氏杆菌中的转感染降低了适合度和酸盐产量，但不影响植物病毒的传播。

IF 4.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Pest Management Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1002/ps.70508

Qiong Yang,Alex Gill,Wenjuan Yu,Perran A Ross,Evatt Chirgwin,Xinyue Gu,Chinmayee Joglekar,Owen J Holland,Jia Chang,Paul A Umina,Ary A Hoffmann

BACKGROUNDNative bacterial endosymbionts in aphids have been studied for many years but it is only recently that transinfections across species are being investigated from an applied perspective. Here we consider the impact of a Rickettsiella viridis transinfection originally from the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum, in an important pest of cereals, Rhopalosiphum padi, that causes feeding damage and transmits barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV). Our main aims were to quantify the fitness and dispersal consequences of the transinfection, assess its transmission dynamics, and determine whether Rickettsiella influences BYDV acquisition or transmission.RESULTSThe transinfected strain had fitness costs in its new aphid host, with an intrinsic rate of increase (rm) value around 20% lower, and showed horizontal transmission. Rickettsiella did not transmit vertically with complete fidelity, although it persisted in population cages for at least 11 weeks. Although Rickettsiella did not affect transmission of BYDV, it reduced the production of alates by 10% or more depending on aphid density. Aphids carrying Rickettsiella showed a slower rate of movement to adjacent plants compared with those without Rickettsiella. The body colour of aphids with Rickettsiella was also darker.CONCLUSIONThis Rickettsiella transinfection imposes deleterious host effects, while retaining the capacity to persist in populations through horizontal transmission. Although it does not influence BYDV transmission, the reduced alate formation and slower movement suggest potential impacts on pest spread and population structure. These findings advance our understanding of symbiont-host interactions and highlight the potential for endosymbiont manipulations to influence aphid ecology and management. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.

蚜虫体内的原生细菌内共生体已经被研究了很多年，但直到最近才从应用的角度研究跨物种的交叉感染。在这里，我们考虑来自豌豆蚜虫的立克次体病毒感染对一种重要的谷物害虫——稻谷蚜的影响，它会造成摄食损害并传播大麦黄矮病毒（BYDV）。我们的主要目的是量化感染的适应性和传播后果，评估其传播动力学，并确定立克次体是否影响BYDV的获得或传播。结果经转染的菌株在新蚜虫宿主中具有适应成本，内在增长率（rm）值降低20%左右，呈水平传播。立克次体没有完全垂直传播，尽管它在种群笼中持续了至少11周。虽然立克次体不影响BYDV的传播，但根据蚜虫密度的不同，它使丙酸盐的产量减少了10%或更多。携带立克次体的蚜虫与没有携带立克次体的蚜虫相比，向邻近植物移动的速度较慢。感染立克次体的蚜虫体色也较深。结论立克次体感染可产生有害的宿主效应，但仍可通过水平传播在人群中持续存在。虽然它不影响BYDV的传播，但减少的alate形成和缓慢的移动表明对害虫的传播和种群结构有潜在的影响。这些发现促进了我们对共生体-宿主相互作用的理解，并强调了内共生体操纵影响蚜虫生态学和管理的潜力。©2026化学工业协会。

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引用次数: 0

Risk assessment of isocycloseram: resistance development in Plutella xylostella and selective toxicity to the predatory stink bug Arma chinensis. 异环seram风险评估：小菜蛾抗药性发展及对中国捕食性臭虫的选择性毒性。

IF 4.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Pest Management Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1002/ps.70575

Xi Sun,Xiaoyu Zhang,Li Chen,Pei Liang

BACKGROUNDIsocycloseram is a novel isoxazoline insecticide targeting the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-gated chloride channel (GABAR). It exhibits high efficacy against Lepidopteran pests like Plutella xylostella but is safe to natural enemies. However, the risk of isocycloseram resistance in P. xylostella and the mechanisms underlying its selective action between P. xylostella and its natural enemy, Arma chinensis, remain unknown.RESULTSIn this study, the resistance risk of P. xylostella to isocycloseram was assessed. After 16 generation selections, P. xylotella developed 32.0-fold resistance with a realized heritability (h2) of 0.452. The isocycloseram resistant strain also showed 4.4-fold cross-resistance to abamectin but remained susceptible to endosulfan, broflanilide, cyproflanilide, and chlorantraniliprole. Furthermore, isocycloseram was found to be highly toxic to P. xylostella but safe to A. chinensis. The specific activities of esterases, glutathione S-transferases, and cytochrome P450 O-demethylation enzymes in A. chinensis were significantly higher than those in P. xylostella when induced by isocycloseram. In addition, molecular docking demonstrated that isocycloseram binds more strongly to PxGABAR (-9.44 kcal mol-1) than to AcGABAR (-8.06 kcal mol-1).CONCLUSIONPlutella xylostella has a high risk of developing resistance to isocycloseram. The elevated activity of detoxification enzymes in A. chinensis and reduced binding affinity of AcGABAR to isocycloseram may contribute to the selective toxicity of isocycloseram between P. xylostella and A. chinensis. These findings lay a foundation for the scientific application of isocycloseram in pest control and natural enemy conservation. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.

背景：二环seram是一种新型的异恶唑啉类杀虫剂，靶向γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）门控氯通道（GABAR）。对小菜蛾等鳞翅目害虫有较高的防治效果，但对天敌安全。然而，小菜蛾对异环羟色胺的抗性风险及其在小菜蛾和其天敌中国犰狳之间的选择性作用机制尚不清楚。结果评价了小菜蛾对异环羟色胺的抗性风险。经过16代筛选，木霉抗性达到32.0倍，实现遗传力（h2）为0.452。异环seram耐药菌株对阿维菌素也表现出4.4倍的交叉耐药，但对硫丹、溴氟酰胺、环丙氟酰胺和氯氰氟酰胺仍敏感。此外，异环seram对小菜蛾有高毒性，但对中国金银花是安全的。在异环羟色胺的诱导下，紫荆的酯酶、谷胱甘肽s -转移酶和细胞色素P450 o -去甲基化酶的比活性显著高于小菜。此外，分子对接表明，isocycloseram与PxGABAR （-9.44 kcal mol-1）的结合比与AcGABAR （-8.06 kcal mol-1）的结合更强。结论小菜蛾对异环servam有较高的耐药风险。五味子解毒酶活性的升高和AcGABAR对异环丝氨酸的结合亲和力的降低可能是五味子对异环丝氨酸产生选择性毒性的原因之一。研究结果为异环丝氨酸在害虫防治和天敌保护中的科学应用奠定了基础。©2026化学工业协会。

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引用次数: 0

First genome sequence of a European Alternaria brassicae isolate and genes involved in early development of alternaria leaf spot on Brassica juncea. 欧洲油菜互花菌分离株的首个基因组序列及芥菜互花菌叶斑病早期发育相关基因。

IF 4.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Pest Management Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1002/ps.70477

Kevin M King,Graham McLaughlin,Chinthani S Karandeni Dewage,Zedi Gao,David J Hughes,Jonathan S West,Henrik U Stotz

BACKGROUNDAlternaria brassicae is a necrotrophic fungal pathogen causing grey leaf spot disease in Brassicaceae crops, notably Brassica juncea. While previous genomic studies have focused on Indian isolates, the molecular basis of host-pathogen interactions in European isolates remains unexplored.RESULTSWe report the first genome sequence of a UK A. brassicae isolate (AA1/5), assembled using PacBio and Illumina platforms, revealing a 32.6 Mb genome with 7228 predicted genes. Comparative analysis with the Indian J3 isolate suggests genomic divergence, including fewer repetitive elements and secreted proteins in AA1/5. Dual RNA-sequencing profiling of AA1/5 and two B. juncea cultivars (Sej-2 (2) and Pusa Jaikisan) identified differential expression of fungal genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism, cell wall degradation, and endocytosis. Host transcriptomics revealed suppression of photosystem genes and induction of oxidative pentose phosphate pathway genes. Cultivar-specific responses included differential regulation of defence-related genes such as PR-3, RLP35, JOX4, and CYP81F3. Quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR validated the host transcriptomic dataset with up-regulation after fungal infection in both cultivars of two pathogenesis-related genes, PR-4 and PR-5.CONCLUSIONThis study provides novel insights into the genomic and transcriptomic landscape of a European A. brassicae isolate and its interaction with B. juncea. The findings highlight conserved and divergent pathogenicity mechanisms and host responses, offering a foundation for future resistance breeding and functional studies in Brassicaceae crops. © 2026 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

背景：油菜互花孢菌是一种引起芸苔科作物灰斑病的坏死性真菌。虽然以前的基因组研究集中在印度分离株上，但欧洲分离株中宿主-病原体相互作用的分子基础仍未得到探索。结果利用PacBio和Illumina平台对英国一株芸芥（a . brassicae）分离物（AA1/5）进行了基因组测序，获得了32.6 Mb的基因组序列，预测基因7228个。与印度J3分离株的比较分析表明，基因组存在差异，包括a1 /5中重复元件和分泌蛋白较少。AA1/5和两个芥菜品种（Sej-2(2)和Pusa Jaikisan）的双rna测序分析发现，涉及碳水化合物代谢、细胞壁降解和内吞作用的真菌基因表达存在差异。宿主转录组学揭示了光系统基因的抑制和氧化戊糖磷酸途径基因的诱导。品种特异性反应包括防御相关基因如PR-3、RLP35、JOX4和CYP81F3的差异调控。定量逆转录- pcr验证了真菌感染后两个品种的两个致病相关基因PR-4和PR-5的转录组数据上调。结论本研究为了解欧洲一株芸苔科分离株的基因组和转录组学特征及其与芥菜芽孢杆菌的相互作用提供了新的视角。这些发现突出了油菜科作物保守的和不同的致病性机制和寄主反应，为今后的抗性育种和功能研究奠定了基础。©2026作者。由John Wiley & Sons Ltd代表化学工业协会出版的《害虫管理科学》。

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引用次数: 0

A new method to measure EC50 reveals cultivar-specific fungicide resistance and very high diversity within experimental field populations of Zymoseptoria tritici. 一种新的测定EC50的方法揭示了小麦酵母（Zymoseptoria tritici）田间实验群体对不同品种的杀菌剂具有抗性，且具有很高的多样性。

IF 4.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Pest Management Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1002/ps.70483

Firas Talas,Jessica Stapley,Bruce A McDonald

BACKGROUNDZymoseptoria tritici causes Septoria tritici blotch (STB), the most damaging wheat disease in Europe. In Europe, STB is controlled mainly by fungicides and fungicide resistance is frequently reported. Although fungicide resistance is thought to emerge mainly from standing genetic variation within field populations of Z. tritici, few studies have attempted to quantify the degree of fungicide resistance occurring at the field scale and to measure changes in the frequencies of resistant strains following fungicide applications during a single growing season. Even fewer studies have considered the effects of different wheat cultivars on the emergence of fungicide resistance. We developed a new high-throughput method based on resazurin dye and image analysis to measure the effective concentration of a fungicide that reduces growth by 50% (EC50) values and applied it to 1005 strains of Z. tritici sampled at two time points from 17 different wheat cultivars growing in a replicated field experiment. The experimental field was treated with combinations of five different active ingredients at three times during the growing season.RESULTSWe found that field populations of Z. tritici can maintain a very high diversity in fungicide sensitivity phenotypes despite three fungicide treatments, with as much diversity found within a single field during a single growing season as has been described across all of Europe over several years. We discovered that wheat cultivars that were more resistant to STB tended to be colonized by Z. tritici strains that exhibited higher fungicide resistance. We also found that specific wheat cultivars selected for resistance to specific active ingredients, providing the first direct support for the existence of significant host-fungicide-pathogen interactions.CONCLUSIONOverall, our findings illustrate the many challenges associated with designing fungicide treatment programs that aim to reduce selection for fungicide resistance when confronted with a pathogen like Z. tritici that has a very high evolutionary potential. © 2026 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

背景小麦酵母菌引起小麦黑斑病（STB），这是欧洲最具破坏性的小麦病害。在欧洲，STB主要由杀菌剂控制，并且经常报道杀菌剂耐药性。虽然人们认为杀菌剂抗性主要来自田间小麦偃麦草种群的遗传变异，但很少有研究试图量化田间规模上发生的杀菌剂抗性程度，并测量在单个生长季节施用杀菌剂后抗性菌株频率的变化。甚至很少有研究考虑不同小麦品种对杀菌剂抗性产生的影响。本研究建立了一种基于reazurin染料和图像分析的高通量方法，测定了一种抑制50%生长的杀菌剂（EC50）的有效浓度，并在重复大田试验中，对17个不同小麦品种的1005株小麦偃麦草（Z. tritici）在两个时间点取样。试验田在生长季节分三次施用五种不同活性成分的组合处理。结果我们发现，尽管施用了三种杀菌剂，小麦偃麦草田间种群在杀菌剂敏感性表型上仍能保持非常高的多样性，在单个生长季节，单个田间种群的多样性与欧洲多年来所描述的一样多。我们发现，对STB抗性较强的小麦品种往往被具有较高杀菌剂抗性的小麦Z. tritici菌株定殖。我们还发现，特定的小麦品种对特定活性成分具有抗性，这为存在显著的宿主-杀菌剂-病原体相互作用提供了第一个直接支持。总的来说，我们的研究结果说明了在设计杀菌剂治疗方案时面临的许多挑战，这些方案旨在减少对杀菌剂抗性的选择，当面对具有非常高的进化潜力的病原体时。©2026作者。由John Wiley & Sons Ltd代表化学工业协会出版的《害虫管理科学》。

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引用次数: 0

Rain-fast octylamine-dopamine-grafted alginate film controls wheat powdery mildew and halves triadimefon usage. 抗雨辛胺-多巴胺接枝海藻酸盐膜防治小麦白粉病，并使三苯二酮用量减半。

IF 4.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Pest Management Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1002/ps.70567

Congying Xu,Yu Zhang,Min Hu,Ye Yang,Meng Wang,Shanying Zhang,Xiaoyu Liang

BACKGROUNDFungicide resistance in Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici and on-target deposition below 30% undermine wheat powdery mildew control. A durable, rain-fast foliar film that intercepts early infection can synergize with fungicides to reduce chemical inputs and environmental loss. This study therefore developed and assessed a dual-functional alginate coating that combines hydrophobic anchoring with mussel-mimetic adhesion to extend leaf coverage, restrict the pathogen and reduce triadimefon use.RESULTSOctylamine and dopamine were grafted onto sodium alginate to produce a self-filming coating (SDO). At ≥0.2% (w/v) SDO covered >75% of the leaf surface and significantly reduced conidial germination and colony formation. In pot assays, 0.2% SDO alone provided >55% protective and curative efficacy. Formulating half-dose triadimefon (100 mg L-1) in 0.2% SDO (Tri@SDO) raised control to 78.8% (protective) and 87.7% (curative), matching the full commercial dose. After simulated rainfall, Tri@SDO retained 72.3% efficacy versus 57.8% for the fungicide alone. Seed germination exceeded 96%, and no phytotoxic effects were detected in seedlings.CONCLUSIONThe dual-functional alginate coating forms a persistent physical barrier and synergises with triadimefon, providing full disease control with 50% less fungicide and superior rainfastness. This approach offers a practical means to mitigate fungicide resistance and environmental dissipation, advancing sustainable management of wheat powdery mildew. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.

背景小麦蓝灰菌对杀菌剂的抗性和靶量低于30%不利于小麦白粉病的防治。一种耐用、防雨的叶面膜可以阻断早期感染，并与杀菌剂协同作用，减少化学投入和环境损失。因此，本研究开发并评估了一种双功能海藻酸盐涂层，该涂层结合了疏水锚定和模仿贻贝的粘附，以扩大叶片覆盖，限制病原体并减少三聚氰胺的使用。结果将soctylamine和多巴胺接枝到海藻酸钠上制备了自膜涂层（SDO）。当浓度≥0.2% （w/v）时，SDO覆盖了约75%的叶片表面，显著降低了分生孢子的萌发和菌落的形成。在盆栽试验中，0.2% SDO单独提供约55%的保护和治疗效果。在0.2% SDO （Tri@SDO）中配制半剂量triadimeon (100 mg L-1)，将控制率提高到78.8%（保护性）和87.7%（治疗性），与全部商业剂量相匹配。模拟降雨后，Tri@SDO的药效为72.3%，而单独使用杀菌剂的药效为57.8%。种子发芽率超过96%，幼苗无植物毒性作用。结论双功能海藻酸盐包衣可形成持久的物理屏障，并与三唑美酮协同作用，可减少50%的杀菌剂，并具有较好的耐雨性。该方法为减轻小麦白粉病对杀菌剂的抗性和环境耗散提供了切实可行的手段，促进了小麦白粉病的可持续管理。©2026化学工业协会。

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引用次数: 0

From flower buds to bolls: how cotton reproductive structures shape boll weevil development, reproduction and survival 从花蕾到棉铃：棉花生殖结构如何影响棉铃象鼻虫的发育、繁殖和生存

IF 4.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Pest Management Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1002/ps.70574

Roberta Ramos Coelho, Guilherme Gomes Rolim, Franklin Magliano da Cunha, Valéria Wanderley-Teixeira, José Dijair Antonino, Jorge Braz Torres

The cotton boll weevil Anthonomus grandis grandis is a major pest in tropical and subtropical cotton crops, where its management relies heavily on insecticide applications. Despite that, the physiological mechanisms enabling survival and reproduction in the tropical off-season remain poorly understood. This study examined host usage, and physiological pathways linking nutrition and reproduction in boll weevils, and how larval and adult food sources affect development, survival and reproduction.

大棉铃象鼻虫是热带和亚热带棉花作物的主要害虫，其管理严重依赖于杀虫剂的使用。尽管如此，在热带淡季中生存和繁殖的生理机制仍然知之甚少。本研究考察了棉铃象鼻虫的寄主使用情况、营养与繁殖之间的生理途径，以及幼虫和成虫的食物来源如何影响发育、生存和繁殖。

引用次数: 0

Advancing towards a sustainable green management system (SGMS) for the sweet potato weevil, Cylas formicarius: a synthesis of traditional knowledge and modern innovations 红薯象鼻虫Cylas formicarius朝着可持续绿色管理系统（SGMS）迈进：传统知识和现代创新的综合

IF 4.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Pest Management Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1002/ps.70556

Jinfeng Hua, Yanqing Li, Zongyun Li, Daifu Ma, Shuyan He, Chao Li, Myron P Zalucki, Yulin Gao

Cylas formicarius, the sweet potato weevil (SPW), is an important invasive pest of sweet potato crops, causing great economic losses to the production of sweet potatoes worldwide. Despite extensive reviews on C. formicarius, a critical synthesis integrating modern ecological insights (notably genomic adaptation and climate-driven range expansion) into a practical, sustainable management framework remains notably absent. This review addresses this gap by introducing the sustainable green management system (SGMS) as a unifying framework for research and implementation. We first synthesize advances in C. formicarius invasion biology, chemical ecology, and molecular foundations that explain its escalating global pest status. We subsequently critique current management strategies, demonstrating that persistent over-reliance on chemical insecticides is untenable, while biological and ecological approaches remain underexploited. Central to our work is the SGMS framework, which prioritizes biological control and ecological regulation, augmented by real-time monitoring and targeted interventions, reserving chemical methods for emergencies. By transcending tactical listings toward an integrated system, this review provides a definitive roadmap for sustainable, green management of this formidable pest. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.

甘薯象鼻虫（Cylas formicarius）是一种重要的甘薯入侵害虫，给世界范围内的甘薯生产造成了巨大的经济损失。尽管对弓形虫进行了广泛的综述，但将现代生态学见解（特别是基因组适应和气候驱动的范围扩张）整合到实际的可持续管理框架中的关键综合仍然明显缺乏。本综述通过引入可持续绿色管理系统（SGMS）作为研究和实施的统一框架来解决这一差距。首先，我们综合了蚁螨入侵生物学、化学生态学和分子基础方面的研究进展，解释了蚁螨在全球害虫地位的上升。我们随后批评了当前的管理策略，表明持续过度依赖化学杀虫剂是站不住脚的，而生物和生态方法仍未得到充分利用。我们工作的核心是SGMS框架，该框架优先考虑生物控制和生态调节，辅以实时监测和有针对性的干预，为紧急情况保留化学方法。通过超越战术清单走向综合系统，本综述为这种可怕害虫的可持续、绿色管理提供了明确的路线图。©2026化学工业协会。

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引用次数: 0

Characterization and in planta tolerance of a phosphinothricin acetyltransferase enzyme from Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2). 一种来自色链霉菌A3的磷脂-丙氨酸乙酰转移酶的鉴定及其在植物中的耐受性(2)。

IF 4.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Pest Management Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1002/ps.70572

Justin M Lira,Samantha L Griffin,Jonathan P DiNitto,Kiheon Baek,Kevin McGregor

BACKGROUNDPhosphinothricin N-acetyltransferase enzymes have been utilized extensively in genetically modified crops to confer herbicide resistance. These include the phosphinothricin N-acetyltransferase (PAT) and bialaphos resistance (Bar) proteins identified in Streptomyces viridochromogenes and Streptomyces hygroscopicus, respectively. The proteins have been shown to confer high levels of in planta tolerance to glufosinate-containing herbicide formulations in a variety of commercial applications.RESULTSA new enzyme from Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) was identified with low levels of homology (30% and 28%, respectively) to the previously characterized PAT and Bar enzymes. The gene coding for this protein was initially identified from the National Center for Biotechnology Information database (accession AAA26705), conferring bialaphos resistance. This trait now designated Dow Selectable Marker (DSM-2) had not been previously characterized with respect to providing commercially relevant levels of herbicide resistance. In vitro enzyme kinetic data shows that DSM-2 has lower catalytic efficiency (catalytic constant/Michaelis constant or kcat/Km) for acetylating phosphinothricin than PAT.CONCLUSIONHere we show for the first time that when the DSM-2 trait is transgenically overexpressed in soybean and corn plants, it provides a similar level of herbicide tolerance as other previously characterized PAT or Bar enzymes. Protein structure modeling also supports the conclusion that DSM-2 is in the same protein family as PAT and Bar. As such, although DSM-2 shares little homology from a primary protein sequence standpoint, the trait is still a viable alternative for use in commercial herbicide tolerance programs. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.

膦-丙氨酸n -乙酰转移酶已被广泛应用于转基因作物中，以赋予其抗除草剂能力。其中包括在病毒色链霉菌和吸湿链霉菌中分别鉴定出的磷-丙氨酸n -乙酰转移酶（PAT）和双磷抗性（Bar）蛋白。在各种商业应用中，这些蛋白质已被证明赋予植物对含草铵膦除草剂配方的高水平耐受性。结果该酶与先前鉴定的PAT酶和Bar酶同源性较低（分别为30%和28%）。该蛋白的基因编码最初是从国家生物技术信息中心数据库（检索号AAA26705）中鉴定出来的，具有双磷抗性。这一性状现在被指定为陶氏可选择标记（DSM-2），以前在提供商业相关的抗除草剂水平方面没有被描述。体外酶动力学数据表明，与PAT相比，DSM-2对乙酰化卵磷脂的催化效率（催化常数/Michaelis常数或kcat/Km）较低。本研究首次表明，当DSM-2性状在大豆和玉米植物中转基因过表达时，它提供了与其他先前表征的PAT或Bar酶相似的除草剂耐受性水平。蛋白质结构模型也支持DSM-2与PAT和Bar属于同一蛋白家族的结论。因此，尽管从初级蛋白序列的角度来看，DSM-2几乎没有同源性，但该性状仍然是商业除草剂耐受性项目的可行替代方案。©2026化学工业协会。

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