Pest Management Science最新文献_第7页

Volatile-mediated defence induction in potato plants: transient suppression of Myzus persicae and enhanced recruitment of Harmonia axyridis and Aphidius gifuensis. 挥发物介导的马铃薯植株防御诱导：对桃蚜的短暂抑制和对灰蚜和吉夫蚜的增强招募。

IF 4.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Pest Management Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-25 DOI: 10.1002/ps.70577

Jamin Ali,Adil Tonğa,Islam S Sobhy,Qiyun Li,Rizhao Chen,Toby J A Bruce

BACKGROUNDWhen plants are attacked by herbivores, they release a distinct blend of herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) that prime or induce defence in neighbouring plants, enhancing defensive capabilities. Although HIPVs mediate tritrophic interactions, the temporal dynamics of aphid-induced volatile effects remain insufficiently explored. Our hypothesis was that HIPVs emitted by aphid-infested plants could affect neighbouring plants, leading to reduced aphid performance and greater attraction of natural enemies.RESULTSUsing a controlled unidirectional airflow system, receiver potato plants (Solanum tuberosum) underwent 48 h of exposure to volatiles released by either aphid-infested or uninfested conspecifics. Bioassays with Myzus persicae and its natural enemies (Harmonia axyridis, Aphidius gifuensis) were conducted at two time points: during the period immediately following exposure (time point 1: 0-48 h post exposure) and during a subsequent period (time point 2: 48-96 h post exposure). At time point 1, aphid survival and neonate production significantly decreased on HIPV-exposed plants versus controls, although settlement was unaffected. Both natural enemies exhibited significant attraction to HIPV-exposed plants. Volatile analysis of the receiver plants after the exposure period revealed significantly elevated total emissions, with seven individual compounds showing higher levels. At time point 2, insect responses showed no significant differences. However, the volatile profile shifted: some compounds elevated at time point 1 were not sustained, although a distinct set of six compounds remained significantly elevated.CONCLUSIONBrief exposure to aphid-induced HIPVs triggers rapid, transient induction of indirect defences in neighbouring plants. This creates a time-limited window immediately after exposure (0-48 h post exposure) during which aphid performance is reduced and attraction of natural enemies is enhanced, aligning with a difference in volatile profile compared with that observed 48 h later (48-96 h post exposure). Our findings highlight the ecological relevance of volatile-mediated plant communication and its potential for temporally precise defence induction in neighbouring plants. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.

当植物受到食草动物的攻击时，它们会释放出一种独特的由食草动物诱导的植物挥发物（HIPVs）混合而成的物质，引发或诱导邻近植物的防御，从而增强防御能力。虽然hipv介导三营养相互作用，蚜虫诱导的挥发效应的时间动态仍然没有充分的探索。我们的假设是，蚜虫侵染植物释放的hipv会影响邻近植物，导致蚜虫的表现下降，天敌的吸引力增加。结果在可控的单向气流系统下，马铃薯接收植株（Solanum tuberosum）暴露于蚜虫侵染和未侵染的同种植物释放的挥发物48 h。在两个时间点对桃蚜及其天敌（灰蚜、久福蚜）进行生物测定：暴露后立即（暴露后时间点1:0 ~ 48 h）和随后的时间点（暴露后时间点2:48 ~ 96 h）。在时间点1，与对照相比，暴露于hiv的植株上蚜虫的存活率和幼虫产量显著下降，尽管定居不受影响。这两种天敌对暴露于hiv的植物均表现出显著的吸引力。暴露期后对接收工厂进行的挥发性分析显示，总排放量显著增加，其中7种化合物的水平更高。在时间点2，昆虫的反应无显著差异。然而，挥发性特征发生了变化：一些在时间点1升高的化合物没有持续下去，尽管一组明显的六种化合物仍然显著升高。结论：短暂暴露于蚜虫诱导的hipv可在邻近植物中快速、短暂地诱导间接防御。这在暴露后（暴露后0-48小时）立即创造了一个有限的时间窗口，在此期间蚜虫的表现降低，天敌的吸引力增强，与48小时后（暴露后48-96小时）观察到的挥发性特征的差异相一致。我们的研究结果强调了挥发物介导的植物通讯的生态相关性及其在邻近植物中暂时精确防御诱导的潜力。©2026化学工业协会。

{"title":"Volatile-mediated defence induction in potato plants: transient suppression of Myzus persicae and enhanced recruitment of Harmonia axyridis and Aphidius gifuensis.","authors":"Jamin Ali,Adil Tonğa,Islam S Sobhy,Qiyun Li,Rizhao Chen,Toby J A Bruce","doi":"10.1002/ps.70577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.70577","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDWhen plants are attacked by herbivores, they release a distinct blend of herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) that prime or induce defence in neighbouring plants, enhancing defensive capabilities. Although HIPVs mediate tritrophic interactions, the temporal dynamics of aphid-induced volatile effects remain insufficiently explored. Our hypothesis was that HIPVs emitted by aphid-infested plants could affect neighbouring plants, leading to reduced aphid performance and greater attraction of natural enemies.RESULTSUsing a controlled unidirectional airflow system, receiver potato plants (Solanum tuberosum) underwent 48 h of exposure to volatiles released by either aphid-infested or uninfested conspecifics. Bioassays with Myzus persicae and its natural enemies (Harmonia axyridis, Aphidius gifuensis) were conducted at two time points: during the period immediately following exposure (time point 1: 0-48 h post exposure) and during a subsequent period (time point 2: 48-96 h post exposure). At time point 1, aphid survival and neonate production significantly decreased on HIPV-exposed plants versus controls, although settlement was unaffected. Both natural enemies exhibited significant attraction to HIPV-exposed plants. Volatile analysis of the receiver plants after the exposure period revealed significantly elevated total emissions, with seven individual compounds showing higher levels. At time point 2, insect responses showed no significant differences. However, the volatile profile shifted: some compounds elevated at time point 1 were not sustained, although a distinct set of six compounds remained significantly elevated.CONCLUSIONBrief exposure to aphid-induced HIPVs triggers rapid, transient induction of indirect defences in neighbouring plants. This creates a time-limited window immediately after exposure (0-48 h post exposure) during which aphid performance is reduced and attraction of natural enemies is enhanced, aligning with a difference in volatile profile compared with that observed 48 h later (48-96 h post exposure). Our findings highlight the ecological relevance of volatile-mediated plant communication and its potential for temporally precise defence induction in neighbouring plants. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146044691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dialogue between jasmonic acid and phyllosphere microorganisms enhanced tomato defense against Helicoverpa armigera larvae. 茉莉酸与层球微生物对话增强番茄对棉铃虫幼虫的防御作用。

IF 4.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Pest Management Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-25 DOI: 10.1002/ps.70585

Jin-Hua Shi,Qing-Qing An,Sara Taha Abdelkhalek,Man-Qun Wang

BACKGROUNDPhyllosphere microorganisms play a vital role in plant defense, thereby aiding plants in their adaptation to environmental changes. Plant hormone signals can regulate the composition of the phyllosphere microbial community. Jasmonic acid (JA) is a critical phytohormone that regulates anti-herbivore pathways in plants; however, the dialogue between JA and phyllosphere microorganisms in anti-herbivore defense remains unclear. Here, we investigate the role of JA-enriched phyllosphere microorganisms in the defense of tomato plants against Helicoverpa armigera Hübner.RESULTSOur results demonstrate that JA-enriched phyllosphere bacteria enhance the direct defense of tomato plants by inhibiting the development of H. armigera larvae. Furthermore, these microorganisms increase the plants' ability to attract predatory Harmonia axyridis Pallas by elevating the emission of specific volatile organic compounds (VOCs) namely α-pinene, α-terpinene, and caryophyllene. We observed positive correlations between the abundance of phyllosphere microorganisms, the level of VOC emissions, and the density of trichomes, suggesting an integrated anti-herbivore defense network regulated by JA.CONCLUSIONThese findings underscore the importance of phyllosphere microorganisms in enhancing plant fitness and further comprehension of the intricate relationship between plant anti-herbivore defenses and phyllosphere microorganisms. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.

层球微生物在植物防御中起着至关重要的作用，从而帮助植物适应环境变化。植物激素信号可以调节根层微生物群落的组成。茉莉酸（Jasmonic acid， JA）是调控植物抗草食途径的重要植物激素；然而，JA与层球微生物在抗草食动物防御中的对话机制尚不清楚。在此，我们研究了富含ja的层球微生物在番茄植株防御棉铃虫（Helicoverpa armigera h bner）中的作用。结果富含ja的层球菌通过抑制棉铃虫幼虫的发育，增强了番茄植株的直接防御能力。此外，这些微生物通过增加特定挥发性有机化合物（α-蒎烯、α-萜烯和石竹烯）的排放，提高了植物吸引掠食性植物绿毛Harmonia axyridis Pallas的能力。我们观察到层层微生物丰度、VOC排放水平和毛状体密度之间的正相关关系，表明JA调控了一个综合的抗草食防御网络。结论这些发现强调了层圈微生物在提高植物适应性方面的重要性，并进一步了解了植物抗草食防御与层圈微生物之间的复杂关系。©2026化学工业协会。

{"title":"Dialogue between jasmonic acid and phyllosphere microorganisms enhanced tomato defense against Helicoverpa armigera larvae.","authors":"Jin-Hua Shi,Qing-Qing An,Sara Taha Abdelkhalek,Man-Qun Wang","doi":"10.1002/ps.70585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.70585","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDPhyllosphere microorganisms play a vital role in plant defense, thereby aiding plants in their adaptation to environmental changes. Plant hormone signals can regulate the composition of the phyllosphere microbial community. Jasmonic acid (JA) is a critical phytohormone that regulates anti-herbivore pathways in plants; however, the dialogue between JA and phyllosphere microorganisms in anti-herbivore defense remains unclear. Here, we investigate the role of JA-enriched phyllosphere microorganisms in the defense of tomato plants against Helicoverpa armigera Hübner.RESULTSOur results demonstrate that JA-enriched phyllosphere bacteria enhance the direct defense of tomato plants by inhibiting the development of H. armigera larvae. Furthermore, these microorganisms increase the plants' ability to attract predatory Harmonia axyridis Pallas by elevating the emission of specific volatile organic compounds (VOCs) namely α-pinene, α-terpinene, and caryophyllene. We observed positive correlations between the abundance of phyllosphere microorganisms, the level of VOC emissions, and the density of trichomes, suggesting an integrated anti-herbivore defense network regulated by JA.CONCLUSIONThese findings underscore the importance of phyllosphere microorganisms in enhancing plant fitness and further comprehension of the intricate relationship between plant anti-herbivore defenses and phyllosphere microorganisms. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146044690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Challenges facing the management of pesticide resistance in weeds, diseases and insect pests in European agriculture and the future of effective IPM implementation. 欧洲农业中杂草、病虫害的农药抗性管理面临的挑战以及有效实施IPM的未来。

IF 4.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Pest Management Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-24 DOI: 10.1002/ps.70522

Julian Smith,Bianca Assis Barbosa Martins,Roland Beffa,Linda M Field,Andreas Goertz,Gael Le Goupil,Andreas Mehl,Juergen Langewald,Samuel Martinelli,Caio Vitagliano Santi Rossi,John A Wiles

In recent times, pesticide resistance has been managed reasonably effectively, either proactively or reactively, by monitoring resistance of pest biotypes and the rotation of products with different modes of action (MoAs). However, increased regulation is dramatically limiting the range of MoAs available to farmers, especially in Europe. Innovation and replenishment with new MoAs from industry cannot keep pace with this loss, leaving the need for pragmatic choices in how to manage pests effectively through all methods available. This is crucial for integrated pest management (IPM) adoption to support sustainable crop production. Here we consider the current situation for insecticides, herbicides and fungicides in Europe and suggest that, despite the emerging IPM options, in many cropping systems, the need for a pesticide component remains essential. As part of efficient IPM or resistance management (RM) strategies, the availability of a range of effective pesticide MoAs will be essential. In addition, for more productive and sustainable agricultural systems, all stakeholders, including the agrochemical industry, farmers/growers, advisory services, the research community and policy/decision makers of Europe should try to improve communication. This will be the only way to ensure the future production of sufficient, high-quality crops, at a time when there are many threats to food security in Europe. © 2026 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

近年来，通过监测害虫生物型的抗性和不同作用方式（MoAs）的产品轮换，对农药抗性进行了主动或被动的合理有效管理。然而，监管的加强极大地限制了农民可获得moa的范围，特别是在欧洲。来自工业界的创新和新的moa补充无法跟上这种损失的步伐，因此需要在如何通过所有现有方法有效管理有害生物方面做出务实的选择。这对于采用病虫害综合治理（IPM）以支持可持续作物生产至关重要。在这里，我们考虑了欧洲杀虫剂、除草剂和杀菌剂的现状，并提出，尽管出现了IPM方案，但在许多种植系统中，农药成分的需求仍然是必不可少的。作为有效的IPM或抗性管理（RM）战略的一部分，提供一系列有效的农药moa将是至关重要的。此外，为了提高生产力和可持续的农业系统，所有利益攸关方，包括农用化学工业、农民/种植者、咨询服务、研究界和欧洲的政策/决策者都应努力改善沟通。在欧洲粮食安全面临诸多威胁之际，这将是确保未来生产充足、高质量作物的唯一途径。©2026作者。由John Wiley & Sons Ltd代表化学工业协会出版的《害虫管理科学》。

{"title":"Challenges facing the management of pesticide resistance in weeds, diseases and insect pests in European agriculture and the future of effective IPM implementation.","authors":"Julian Smith,Bianca Assis Barbosa Martins,Roland Beffa,Linda M Field,Andreas Goertz,Gael Le Goupil,Andreas Mehl,Juergen Langewald,Samuel Martinelli,Caio Vitagliano Santi Rossi,John A Wiles","doi":"10.1002/ps.70522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.70522","url":null,"abstract":"In recent times, pesticide resistance has been managed reasonably effectively, either proactively or reactively, by monitoring resistance of pest biotypes and the rotation of products with different modes of action (MoAs). However, increased regulation is dramatically limiting the range of MoAs available to farmers, especially in Europe. Innovation and replenishment with new MoAs from industry cannot keep pace with this loss, leaving the need for pragmatic choices in how to manage pests effectively through all methods available. This is crucial for integrated pest management (IPM) adoption to support sustainable crop production. Here we consider the current situation for insecticides, herbicides and fungicides in Europe and suggest that, despite the emerging IPM options, in many cropping systems, the need for a pesticide component remains essential. As part of efficient IPM or resistance management (RM) strategies, the availability of a range of effective pesticide MoAs will be essential. In addition, for more productive and sustainable agricultural systems, all stakeholders, including the agrochemical industry, farmers/growers, advisory services, the research community and policy/decision makers of Europe should try to improve communication. This will be the only way to ensure the future production of sufficient, high-quality crops, at a time when there are many threats to food security in Europe. © 2026 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146034068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Key cuticular proteins mediating molting and environmental stress response in Panonychus citri. 柑桔爪虱蜕皮和环境胁迫反应的关键表皮蛋白。

IF 4.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Pest Management Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-24 DOI: 10.1002/ps.70581

Chuanzhen Li,Yuchuang Li,Boyi Li,Menghao Xia,Deng Pan,Jinjun Wang,Wei Dou

BACKGROUNDCuticular proteins (CPs), key structural components of the insect cuticle, play essential roles in growth, metamorphosis, and defense against environmental stresses. Panonychus citri, a globally significant pest mite, severely impacts citrus orchard productivity. Targeting critical CP genes offers a promising strategy to disrupt its development and environmental adaptation.RESULTSIn this study, 37 CPR genes (defined by the Rebers and Riddiford consensus) and 14 CPAP genes (characterized by six cysteine-rich chitin-binding domains) were identified in P. citri. Most exhibited high expression during molting stages. During the deutonymph-to-adult transition, PcCPR27 showed downregulation followed by upregulation, whereas PcCPR28 and PcCPAP3-E displayed an opposite pattern. RNAi-mediated silencing of each gene significantly reduced eclosion rates. Notably, PcCPAP3-E was significantly downregulated in adults, and its knockdown led to substantial mortality in newly emerged adults. Moreover, PcCPAP3-E was uniquely upregulated under stress conditions, such as high temperature and cyflumetofen exposure. Silencing PcCPAP3-E impaired thermal tolerance and enhanced susceptibility to acaricide, thereby increasing mite mortality.CONCLUSIONSOur findings indicate that PcCPR27, PcCPR28 and PcCPAP3-E are involved in molting in P. citri, with PcCPAP3-E also playing a pivotal role in environmental stress adaptation. These genes represent promising molecular targets for RNAi-based control strategies, particularly PcCPAP3-E, which may enhance acaricidal efficacy when targeted during vulnerable developmental stages. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.

表皮蛋白（cuticular proteins, CPs）是昆虫角质层的关键结构成分，在生长、变态和抵御环境胁迫中起着重要作用。柑橘全爪螨（Panonychus citri）是一种严重影响柑橘生产的全球性害虫。针对关键CP基因提供了一种有希望的策略来破坏其发育和环境适应。结果本研究在柑橘中鉴定出37个CPR基因（Rebers和Riddiford共识）和14个CPAP基因（以6个富含半胱氨酸的几丁质结合域为特征）。多数在蜕皮期高表达。在雌雄同体向成虫过渡的过程中，PcCPR27表现出先下调后上调的规律，而PcCPR28和PcCPAP3-E则表现出相反的规律。rna介导的每个基因沉默显著降低了羽化率。值得注意的是，PcCPAP3-E在成虫中显著下调，其下调导致新生成虫大量死亡。此外，PcCPAP3-E在高温和氟甲醚暴露等应激条件下表达上调。PcCPAP3-E的沉默降低了热耐受性，增强了对杀螨剂的敏感性，从而增加了螨的死亡率。结论PcCPR27、PcCPR28和PcCPAP3-E参与了柑桔的蜕皮过程，PcCPAP3-E在柑桔的环境胁迫适应中也起着关键作用。这些基因代表了基于rnai的控制策略的有希望的分子靶标，特别是PcCPAP3-E，当在脆弱的发育阶段靶向时，可能会提高杀螨效果。©2026化学工业协会。

{"title":"Key cuticular proteins mediating molting and environmental stress response in Panonychus citri.","authors":"Chuanzhen Li,Yuchuang Li,Boyi Li,Menghao Xia,Deng Pan,Jinjun Wang,Wei Dou","doi":"10.1002/ps.70581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.70581","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDCuticular proteins (CPs), key structural components of the insect cuticle, play essential roles in growth, metamorphosis, and defense against environmental stresses. Panonychus citri, a globally significant pest mite, severely impacts citrus orchard productivity. Targeting critical CP genes offers a promising strategy to disrupt its development and environmental adaptation.RESULTSIn this study, 37 CPR genes (defined by the Rebers and Riddiford consensus) and 14 CPAP genes (characterized by six cysteine-rich chitin-binding domains) were identified in P. citri. Most exhibited high expression during molting stages. During the deutonymph-to-adult transition, PcCPR27 showed downregulation followed by upregulation, whereas PcCPR28 and PcCPAP3-E displayed an opposite pattern. RNAi-mediated silencing of each gene significantly reduced eclosion rates. Notably, PcCPAP3-E was significantly downregulated in adults, and its knockdown led to substantial mortality in newly emerged adults. Moreover, PcCPAP3-E was uniquely upregulated under stress conditions, such as high temperature and cyflumetofen exposure. Silencing PcCPAP3-E impaired thermal tolerance and enhanced susceptibility to acaricide, thereby increasing mite mortality.CONCLUSIONSOur findings indicate that PcCPR27, PcCPR28 and PcCPAP3-E are involved in molting in P. citri, with PcCPAP3-E also playing a pivotal role in environmental stress adaptation. These genes represent promising molecular targets for RNAi-based control strategies, particularly PcCPAP3-E, which may enhance acaricidal efficacy when targeted during vulnerable developmental stages. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":"117 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146034067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bisexual releases are as effective as male-only releases to control Drosophila suzukii with the sterile insect technique. 用昆虫不育技术控制铃木果蝇，双性释放与单雄性释放效果相同。

IF 4.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Pest Management Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1002/ps.70569

Alexandra Labbetoul,Simon Fellous

BACKGROUNDThe sterile insect technique (SIT) suppresses insect reproduction by repeatedly releasing sterile insects and allowing them to mate with insects of the same species in the wild. While the classical SIT relies on sterile males mating with wild females, there is a debate regarding the risks and benefits of releasing sterile females along with the sterile males (i.e. bisexual releases). In a replicated cage experiment, we compared the effect of unisexual and bisexual sterile releases of Drosophila suzukii on induced sterility. To ensure field-realism, fertile females - wild-F0 freshly emerged from field-collected sweet-cherries - were placed in cages with artificial vegetation and plastic berries.RESULTSThe proportion of fertile females that produced offspring was not significantly different in unisexual and bisexual treatment (45% and 46%, respectively). Excluding females that had not mated (i.e. no sperm in the spermathecae) from the analysis had no influence.CONCLUSIONThese results suggest the release of sterile females does not always affect the efficacy of the SIT. Even though additional phenomena may arise when scaling up from cages to the field, we conclude that sorting females with genetic constructs or robotic systems is probably dispensable in D. suzukii SIT, at least when deployed in confined farming systems. © 2026 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

昆虫不育技术（SIT）通过反复释放不育昆虫，使其与野外同种昆虫交配，从而抑制昆虫的繁殖。虽然经典的SIT依赖于不育雄性与野生雌性交配，但关于在释放不育雄性的同时释放不育雌性（即双性恋释放）的风险和收益存在争议。在重复笼实验中，我们比较了铃木果蝇单性和双性不育释放对诱导不育的影响。为了确保野外的真实性，有生育能力的雌性——刚从野外采集的甜樱桃中孵化出来的野生f0——被放在有人工植被和塑料浆果的笼子里。结果单性和双性处理的可育雌鼠产仔率无显著差异（分别为45%和46%）。从分析中排除未交配的雌性（即精子囊中没有精子）没有影响。结论释放不育雌虫并不一定影响该药物的疗效。尽管当从笼子扩展到田间时可能会出现其他现象，但我们得出结论，至少在封闭的农业系统中部署时，用遗传结构或机器人系统对雌性进行分类可能是不必要的。©2026作者。由John Wiley & Sons Ltd代表化学工业协会出版的《害虫管理科学》。

{"title":"Bisexual releases are as effective as male-only releases to control Drosophila suzukii with the sterile insect technique.","authors":"Alexandra Labbetoul,Simon Fellous","doi":"10.1002/ps.70569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.70569","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDThe sterile insect technique (SIT) suppresses insect reproduction by repeatedly releasing sterile insects and allowing them to mate with insects of the same species in the wild. While the classical SIT relies on sterile males mating with wild females, there is a debate regarding the risks and benefits of releasing sterile females along with the sterile males (i.e. bisexual releases). In a replicated cage experiment, we compared the effect of unisexual and bisexual sterile releases of Drosophila suzukii on induced sterility. To ensure field-realism, fertile females - wild-F0 freshly emerged from field-collected sweet-cherries - were placed in cages with artificial vegetation and plastic berries.RESULTSThe proportion of fertile females that produced offspring was not significantly different in unisexual and bisexual treatment (45% and 46%, respectively). Excluding females that had not mated (i.e. no sperm in the spermathecae) from the analysis had no influence.CONCLUSIONThese results suggest the release of sterile females does not always affect the efficacy of the SIT. Even though additional phenomena may arise when scaling up from cages to the field, we conclude that sorting females with genetic constructs or robotic systems is probably dispensable in D. suzukii SIT, at least when deployed in confined farming systems. © 2026 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":"402 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146021632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Peptidic product derived from trypsin autolysis modulates insect digestive proteases and supports plant biochemical defense. 胰蛋白酶自溶产生的肽调节昆虫消化蛋白酶，支持植物生化防御。

IF 4.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Pest Management Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1002/ps.70579

Daniel Guimarães Silva Paulo,Halina Schultz,Yaremis Beatriz Meriño Cabrera,Ian Lucas Batista Santos,Maria Clara Neves Gomes Rodrigues,Milena Godoi Lima,Geisiane Aparecida Mariano,Rafael Junior de Andrade,Humberto Josué de Oliveira Ramos,Maria Goreti de Almeida Oliveira

BACKGROUNDSpodoptera frugiperda, commonly known as the fall armyworm, is a highly economically significant pest that affects various crops, resulting in substantial losses in productivity. Managing this pest primarily relies on chemical insecticides; however, the repeated development of resistance to these chemicals has rendered them less effective. Given this scenario, sustainable alternatives, such as the use of digestive enzyme inhibitors, have been investigated as potential tools in pest management.RESULTSMolecular docking predicts a conserved, isoform-spanning pose for GORE 3 on S. frugiperda trypsins, with occupancy of S1/S1' and adjacent subsites and richer aromatic/hydrophobic contacts than the S1-focused reference benzamidine. This binding topology aligns with the enzymology: GORE 3 acts as a competitive inhibitor (Ki = 4.00 mM) versus benzamidine (Ki = 1.64 mM), and IC50 determinations confirmed effective enzymatic blockade. In vivo, GORE 3 reduced larval body mass, extended the larval period, and produced mortality up to 46.66%. Nutritional and kinetic parameters were significantly affected, including increased KM (reduced substrate affinity) and lower approximate digestibility at higher dietary levels. Despite these effects, neither the leaf area consumed nor the feeding preference index differed from those of the controls.CONCLUSIONDocking and bioassays collectively demonstrate that GORE 3 interacts with trypsin-like proteases through a robust, multisite binding mode, resulting in competitive inhibition and measurable physiological effects in S. frugiperda. Although less potent than benzamidine based on Ki values, GORE3's isoform-spanning interactions and its influence on digestive and developmental parameters highlight the relevance of studying protease-inhibitor peptides as biochemical models for understanding lepidopteran digestive physiology. Future work should investigate peptide stability, compensatory digestive responses, and performance under diverse biological conditions to better clarify the biological significance of these interactions. © 2026 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

背景夜蛾（spodoptera frugiperda），俗称秋粘虫，是一种具有高度经济意义的害虫，影响各种作物，造成严重的生产力损失。管理这种害虫主要依靠化学杀虫剂；然而，对这些化学物质的抗药性的不断发展使它们的效果越来越差。在这种情况下，可持续的替代品，如使用消化酶抑制剂，已经被研究作为害虫管理的潜在工具。结果分子对接预测S. frugiperda胰蛋白酶上的GORE 3具有保守的跨异构体构型，占据S1/S1'和邻近亚位，比S1聚焦的参考苯并胺具有更丰富的芳香/疏水接触。这种结合拓扑结构与酶学一致：GORE 3作为一种竞争性抑制剂（Ki = 4.00 mM）与苯并脒（Ki = 1.64 mM）相比，IC50测定证实了有效的酶阻断。在体内，GORE 3降低了幼虫体质量，延长了幼虫期，死亡率高达46.66%。饲粮水平越高，营养和动力学参数受到显著影响，包括KM（底物亲和力降低）增加和近似消化率降低。尽管有这些影响，但消耗的叶面积和摄食偏好指数与对照组没有差异。结论对接和生物分析共同表明，GORE 3与胰酶样蛋白酶通过强大的多位点结合模式相互作用，在S. frugiperda中产生竞争性抑制和可测量的生理效应。虽然根据Ki值，GORE3的效价低于苯甲脒，但它的跨异构体相互作用及其对消化和发育参数的影响突出了研究蛋白酶抑制剂肽作为理解鳞翅目消化生理的生化模型的重要性。未来的工作应该研究肽的稳定性、代偿性消化反应和在不同生物条件下的表现，以更好地阐明这些相互作用的生物学意义。©2026作者。由John Wiley & Sons Ltd代表化学工业协会出版的《害虫管理科学》。

{"title":"Peptidic product derived from trypsin autolysis modulates insect digestive proteases and supports plant biochemical defense.","authors":"Daniel Guimarães Silva Paulo,Halina Schultz,Yaremis Beatriz Meriño Cabrera,Ian Lucas Batista Santos,Maria Clara Neves Gomes Rodrigues,Milena Godoi Lima,Geisiane Aparecida Mariano,Rafael Junior de Andrade,Humberto Josué de Oliveira Ramos,Maria Goreti de Almeida Oliveira","doi":"10.1002/ps.70579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.70579","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDSpodoptera frugiperda, commonly known as the fall armyworm, is a highly economically significant pest that affects various crops, resulting in substantial losses in productivity. Managing this pest primarily relies on chemical insecticides; however, the repeated development of resistance to these chemicals has rendered them less effective. Given this scenario, sustainable alternatives, such as the use of digestive enzyme inhibitors, have been investigated as potential tools in pest management.RESULTSMolecular docking predicts a conserved, isoform-spanning pose for GORE 3 on S. frugiperda trypsins, with occupancy of S1/S1' and adjacent subsites and richer aromatic/hydrophobic contacts than the S1-focused reference benzamidine. This binding topology aligns with the enzymology: GORE 3 acts as a competitive inhibitor (Ki = 4.00 mM) versus benzamidine (Ki = 1.64 mM), and IC50 determinations confirmed effective enzymatic blockade. In vivo, GORE 3 reduced larval body mass, extended the larval period, and produced mortality up to 46.66%. Nutritional and kinetic parameters were significantly affected, including increased KM (reduced substrate affinity) and lower approximate digestibility at higher dietary levels. Despite these effects, neither the leaf area consumed nor the feeding preference index differed from those of the controls.CONCLUSIONDocking and bioassays collectively demonstrate that GORE 3 interacts with trypsin-like proteases through a robust, multisite binding mode, resulting in competitive inhibition and measurable physiological effects in S. frugiperda. Although less potent than benzamidine based on Ki values, GORE3's isoform-spanning interactions and its influence on digestive and developmental parameters highlight the relevance of studying protease-inhibitor peptides as biochemical models for understanding lepidopteran digestive physiology. Future work should investigate peptide stability, compensatory digestive responses, and performance under diverse biological conditions to better clarify the biological significance of these interactions. © 2026 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146021633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Discovery of novel thiazolidinedione-benzylpiperidine hybrids as dual-target antifungal agents for crop disease management. 新型噻唑烷二酮-苄基胡椒啶杂交种作为作物病害管理的双靶点抗真菌剂的发现。

IF 4.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Pest Management Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1002/ps.70550

Junrong Song,Shuang Feng,Miaohe Zhang,Hongyu Zhang,Wishwajith Kandegama,Xianghui Ruan,Wei Xue

BACKGROUNDPlant fungal diseases, particularly those caused by Rhizoctonia solani, represent a major threat to global food security by causing substantial yield losses. Although chemical fungicides are available, growing pathogen resistance and environmental concerns necessitate the development of novel antifungal agents that are highly effective, eco-compatible, and operate through distinct mechanisms.RESULTSTwenty-four benzyl piperidine-containing thiazolidinedione derivatives were synthesized and their antifungal activities were assessed against six phytopathogenic fungi. In particular, D18 displayed the most potent fungicidal activity against Rhizoctonia solani, with a half-effective concentration (EC50) of 4.9 μg mL-1, surpassing that of the control drug azoxystrobin (13.2 μg mL-1). In vivo experiments confirmed the high protective and curative efficacy of D18 on rice leaves and sheaths. Furthermore, a series of physiological and biochemical experiments were conducted to investigate the action mechanism exerted by D18 against plant pathogens Rhizoctonia solani. The findings revealed that D18 acted through a novel dual-action mode: it compromised fungal cell membrane integrity and simultaneously impaired mitochondrial function, resulting in reduced membrane potential, accumulation of reactive oxygen species, and inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase activity.CONCLUSIOND18 is a promising antifungal agent with a unique mechanism of action that combines membrane disruption and mitochondrial dysfunction, offering a potential new strategy for sustainable crop protection. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.

植物真菌病害，特别是由枯丝核菌引起的植物真菌病害，通过造成大量产量损失，对全球粮食安全构成重大威胁。虽然化学杀菌剂是可用的，但日益增长的病原体耐药性和环境问题需要开发高效、生态兼容并通过不同机制起作用的新型抗真菌剂。结果共合成了24个含苯哌啶的噻唑烷二酮衍生物，并对6种植物病原真菌进行了抑菌活性测定。其中，D18对茄枯丝核菌的半数有效浓度（EC50）为4.9 μg mL-1，超过对照药氮唑菌酯（13.2 μg mL-1）。体内实验证实了D18对水稻叶片和鞘具有较高的保护和治疗作用。此外，通过一系列生理生化实验，探讨了D18对植物病原菌茄枯丝核菌的作用机制。研究结果表明，D18通过一种新的双作用模式起作用：它破坏真菌细胞膜的完整性，同时损害线粒体功能，导致膜电位降低、活性氧积累和琥珀酸脱氢酶活性抑制。结论d18具有独特的膜破坏和线粒体功能障碍联合作用机制，是一种很有前景的抗真菌药物，为作物可持续保护提供了新的策略。©2026化学工业协会。

{"title":"Discovery of novel thiazolidinedione-benzylpiperidine hybrids as dual-target antifungal agents for crop disease management.","authors":"Junrong Song,Shuang Feng,Miaohe Zhang,Hongyu Zhang,Wishwajith Kandegama,Xianghui Ruan,Wei Xue","doi":"10.1002/ps.70550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.70550","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDPlant fungal diseases, particularly those caused by Rhizoctonia solani, represent a major threat to global food security by causing substantial yield losses. Although chemical fungicides are available, growing pathogen resistance and environmental concerns necessitate the development of novel antifungal agents that are highly effective, eco-compatible, and operate through distinct mechanisms.RESULTSTwenty-four benzyl piperidine-containing thiazolidinedione derivatives were synthesized and their antifungal activities were assessed against six phytopathogenic fungi. In particular, D18 displayed the most potent fungicidal activity against Rhizoctonia solani, with a half-effective concentration (EC50) of 4.9 μg mL-1, surpassing that of the control drug azoxystrobin (13.2 μg mL-1). In vivo experiments confirmed the high protective and curative efficacy of D18 on rice leaves and sheaths. Furthermore, a series of physiological and biochemical experiments were conducted to investigate the action mechanism exerted by D18 against plant pathogens Rhizoctonia solani. The findings revealed that D18 acted through a novel dual-action mode: it compromised fungal cell membrane integrity and simultaneously impaired mitochondrial function, resulting in reduced membrane potential, accumulation of reactive oxygen species, and inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase activity.CONCLUSIOND18 is a promising antifungal agent with a unique mechanism of action that combines membrane disruption and mitochondrial dysfunction, offering a potential new strategy for sustainable crop protection. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146015368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Rickettsiella transinfection in Rhopalosiphum padi reduces fitness and alate production but not plant virus transmission. 立克次氏体在帕迪罗氏杆菌中的转感染降低了适合度和酸盐产量，但不影响植物病毒的传播。

IF 4.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Pest Management Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1002/ps.70508

Qiong Yang,Alex Gill,Wenjuan Yu,Perran A Ross,Evatt Chirgwin,Xinyue Gu,Chinmayee Joglekar,Owen J Holland,Jia Chang,Paul A Umina,Ary A Hoffmann

BACKGROUNDNative bacterial endosymbionts in aphids have been studied for many years but it is only recently that transinfections across species are being investigated from an applied perspective. Here we consider the impact of a Rickettsiella viridis transinfection originally from the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum, in an important pest of cereals, Rhopalosiphum padi, that causes feeding damage and transmits barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV). Our main aims were to quantify the fitness and dispersal consequences of the transinfection, assess its transmission dynamics, and determine whether Rickettsiella influences BYDV acquisition or transmission.RESULTSThe transinfected strain had fitness costs in its new aphid host, with an intrinsic rate of increase (rm) value around 20% lower, and showed horizontal transmission. Rickettsiella did not transmit vertically with complete fidelity, although it persisted in population cages for at least 11 weeks. Although Rickettsiella did not affect transmission of BYDV, it reduced the production of alates by 10% or more depending on aphid density. Aphids carrying Rickettsiella showed a slower rate of movement to adjacent plants compared with those without Rickettsiella. The body colour of aphids with Rickettsiella was also darker.CONCLUSIONThis Rickettsiella transinfection imposes deleterious host effects, while retaining the capacity to persist in populations through horizontal transmission. Although it does not influence BYDV transmission, the reduced alate formation and slower movement suggest potential impacts on pest spread and population structure. These findings advance our understanding of symbiont-host interactions and highlight the potential for endosymbiont manipulations to influence aphid ecology and management. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.

蚜虫体内的原生细菌内共生体已经被研究了很多年，但直到最近才从应用的角度研究跨物种的交叉感染。在这里，我们考虑来自豌豆蚜虫的立克次体病毒感染对一种重要的谷物害虫——稻谷蚜的影响，它会造成摄食损害并传播大麦黄矮病毒（BYDV）。我们的主要目的是量化感染的适应性和传播后果，评估其传播动力学，并确定立克次体是否影响BYDV的获得或传播。结果经转染的菌株在新蚜虫宿主中具有适应成本，内在增长率（rm）值降低20%左右，呈水平传播。立克次体没有完全垂直传播，尽管它在种群笼中持续了至少11周。虽然立克次体不影响BYDV的传播，但根据蚜虫密度的不同，它使丙酸盐的产量减少了10%或更多。携带立克次体的蚜虫与没有携带立克次体的蚜虫相比，向邻近植物移动的速度较慢。感染立克次体的蚜虫体色也较深。结论立克次体感染可产生有害的宿主效应，但仍可通过水平传播在人群中持续存在。虽然它不影响BYDV的传播，但减少的alate形成和缓慢的移动表明对害虫的传播和种群结构有潜在的影响。这些发现促进了我们对共生体-宿主相互作用的理解，并强调了内共生体操纵影响蚜虫生态学和管理的潜力。©2026化学工业协会。

{"title":"A Rickettsiella transinfection in Rhopalosiphum padi reduces fitness and alate production but not plant virus transmission.","authors":"Qiong Yang,Alex Gill,Wenjuan Yu,Perran A Ross,Evatt Chirgwin,Xinyue Gu,Chinmayee Joglekar,Owen J Holland,Jia Chang,Paul A Umina,Ary A Hoffmann","doi":"10.1002/ps.70508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.70508","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDNative bacterial endosymbionts in aphids have been studied for many years but it is only recently that transinfections across species are being investigated from an applied perspective. Here we consider the impact of a Rickettsiella viridis transinfection originally from the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum, in an important pest of cereals, Rhopalosiphum padi, that causes feeding damage and transmits barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV). Our main aims were to quantify the fitness and dispersal consequences of the transinfection, assess its transmission dynamics, and determine whether Rickettsiella influences BYDV acquisition or transmission.RESULTSThe transinfected strain had fitness costs in its new aphid host, with an intrinsic rate of increase (rm) value around 20% lower, and showed horizontal transmission. Rickettsiella did not transmit vertically with complete fidelity, although it persisted in population cages for at least 11 weeks. Although Rickettsiella did not affect transmission of BYDV, it reduced the production of alates by 10% or more depending on aphid density. Aphids carrying Rickettsiella showed a slower rate of movement to adjacent plants compared with those without Rickettsiella. The body colour of aphids with Rickettsiella was also darker.CONCLUSIONThis Rickettsiella transinfection imposes deleterious host effects, while retaining the capacity to persist in populations through horizontal transmission. Although it does not influence BYDV transmission, the reduced alate formation and slower movement suggest potential impacts on pest spread and population structure. These findings advance our understanding of symbiont-host interactions and highlight the potential for endosymbiont manipulations to influence aphid ecology and management. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146015334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Risk assessment of isocycloseram: resistance development in Plutella xylostella and selective toxicity to the predatory stink bug Arma chinensis. 异环seram风险评估：小菜蛾抗药性发展及对中国捕食性臭虫的选择性毒性。

IF 4.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Pest Management Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1002/ps.70575

Xi Sun,Xiaoyu Zhang,Li Chen,Pei Liang

BACKGROUNDIsocycloseram is a novel isoxazoline insecticide targeting the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-gated chloride channel (GABAR). It exhibits high efficacy against Lepidopteran pests like Plutella xylostella but is safe to natural enemies. However, the risk of isocycloseram resistance in P. xylostella and the mechanisms underlying its selective action between P. xylostella and its natural enemy, Arma chinensis, remain unknown.RESULTSIn this study, the resistance risk of P. xylostella to isocycloseram was assessed. After 16 generation selections, P. xylotella developed 32.0-fold resistance with a realized heritability (h2) of 0.452. The isocycloseram resistant strain also showed 4.4-fold cross-resistance to abamectin but remained susceptible to endosulfan, broflanilide, cyproflanilide, and chlorantraniliprole. Furthermore, isocycloseram was found to be highly toxic to P. xylostella but safe to A. chinensis. The specific activities of esterases, glutathione S-transferases, and cytochrome P450 O-demethylation enzymes in A. chinensis were significantly higher than those in P. xylostella when induced by isocycloseram. In addition, molecular docking demonstrated that isocycloseram binds more strongly to PxGABAR (-9.44 kcal mol-1) than to AcGABAR (-8.06 kcal mol-1).CONCLUSIONPlutella xylostella has a high risk of developing resistance to isocycloseram. The elevated activity of detoxification enzymes in A. chinensis and reduced binding affinity of AcGABAR to isocycloseram may contribute to the selective toxicity of isocycloseram between P. xylostella and A. chinensis. These findings lay a foundation for the scientific application of isocycloseram in pest control and natural enemy conservation. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.

背景：二环seram是一种新型的异恶唑啉类杀虫剂，靶向γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）门控氯通道（GABAR）。对小菜蛾等鳞翅目害虫有较高的防治效果，但对天敌安全。然而，小菜蛾对异环羟色胺的抗性风险及其在小菜蛾和其天敌中国犰狳之间的选择性作用机制尚不清楚。结果评价了小菜蛾对异环羟色胺的抗性风险。经过16代筛选，木霉抗性达到32.0倍，实现遗传力（h2）为0.452。异环seram耐药菌株对阿维菌素也表现出4.4倍的交叉耐药，但对硫丹、溴氟酰胺、环丙氟酰胺和氯氰氟酰胺仍敏感。此外，异环seram对小菜蛾有高毒性，但对中国金银花是安全的。在异环羟色胺的诱导下，紫荆的酯酶、谷胱甘肽s -转移酶和细胞色素P450 o -去甲基化酶的比活性显著高于小菜。此外，分子对接表明，isocycloseram与PxGABAR （-9.44 kcal mol-1）的结合比与AcGABAR （-8.06 kcal mol-1）的结合更强。结论小菜蛾对异环servam有较高的耐药风险。五味子解毒酶活性的升高和AcGABAR对异环丝氨酸的结合亲和力的降低可能是五味子对异环丝氨酸产生选择性毒性的原因之一。研究结果为异环丝氨酸在害虫防治和天敌保护中的科学应用奠定了基础。©2026化学工业协会。

{"title":"Risk assessment of isocycloseram: resistance development in Plutella xylostella and selective toxicity to the predatory stink bug Arma chinensis.","authors":"Xi Sun,Xiaoyu Zhang,Li Chen,Pei Liang","doi":"10.1002/ps.70575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.70575","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDIsocycloseram is a novel isoxazoline insecticide targeting the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-gated chloride channel (GABAR). It exhibits high efficacy against Lepidopteran pests like Plutella xylostella but is safe to natural enemies. However, the risk of isocycloseram resistance in P. xylostella and the mechanisms underlying its selective action between P. xylostella and its natural enemy, Arma chinensis, remain unknown.RESULTSIn this study, the resistance risk of P. xylostella to isocycloseram was assessed. After 16 generation selections, P. xylotella developed 32.0-fold resistance with a realized heritability (h2) of 0.452. The isocycloseram resistant strain also showed 4.4-fold cross-resistance to abamectin but remained susceptible to endosulfan, broflanilide, cyproflanilide, and chlorantraniliprole. Furthermore, isocycloseram was found to be highly toxic to P. xylostella but safe to A. chinensis. The specific activities of esterases, glutathione S-transferases, and cytochrome P450 O-demethylation enzymes in A. chinensis were significantly higher than those in P. xylostella when induced by isocycloseram. In addition, molecular docking demonstrated that isocycloseram binds more strongly to PxGABAR (-9.44 kcal mol-1) than to AcGABAR (-8.06 kcal mol-1).CONCLUSIONPlutella xylostella has a high risk of developing resistance to isocycloseram. The elevated activity of detoxification enzymes in A. chinensis and reduced binding affinity of AcGABAR to isocycloseram may contribute to the selective toxicity of isocycloseram between P. xylostella and A. chinensis. These findings lay a foundation for the scientific application of isocycloseram in pest control and natural enemy conservation. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146015369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

First genome sequence of a European Alternaria brassicae isolate and genes involved in early development of alternaria leaf spot on Brassica juncea. 欧洲油菜互花菌分离株的首个基因组序列及芥菜互花菌叶斑病早期发育相关基因。

IF 4.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Pest Management Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1002/ps.70477

Kevin M King,Graham McLaughlin,Chinthani S Karandeni Dewage,Zedi Gao,David J Hughes,Jonathan S West,Henrik U Stotz

BACKGROUNDAlternaria brassicae is a necrotrophic fungal pathogen causing grey leaf spot disease in Brassicaceae crops, notably Brassica juncea. While previous genomic studies have focused on Indian isolates, the molecular basis of host-pathogen interactions in European isolates remains unexplored.RESULTSWe report the first genome sequence of a UK A. brassicae isolate (AA1/5), assembled using PacBio and Illumina platforms, revealing a 32.6 Mb genome with 7228 predicted genes. Comparative analysis with the Indian J3 isolate suggests genomic divergence, including fewer repetitive elements and secreted proteins in AA1/5. Dual RNA-sequencing profiling of AA1/5 and two B. juncea cultivars (Sej-2 (2) and Pusa Jaikisan) identified differential expression of fungal genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism, cell wall degradation, and endocytosis. Host transcriptomics revealed suppression of photosystem genes and induction of oxidative pentose phosphate pathway genes. Cultivar-specific responses included differential regulation of defence-related genes such as PR-3, RLP35, JOX4, and CYP81F3. Quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR validated the host transcriptomic dataset with up-regulation after fungal infection in both cultivars of two pathogenesis-related genes, PR-4 and PR-5.CONCLUSIONThis study provides novel insights into the genomic and transcriptomic landscape of a European A. brassicae isolate and its interaction with B. juncea. The findings highlight conserved and divergent pathogenicity mechanisms and host responses, offering a foundation for future resistance breeding and functional studies in Brassicaceae crops. © 2026 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

背景：油菜互花孢菌是一种引起芸苔科作物灰斑病的坏死性真菌。虽然以前的基因组研究集中在印度分离株上，但欧洲分离株中宿主-病原体相互作用的分子基础仍未得到探索。结果利用PacBio和Illumina平台对英国一株芸芥（a . brassicae）分离物（AA1/5）进行了基因组测序，获得了32.6 Mb的基因组序列，预测基因7228个。与印度J3分离株的比较分析表明，基因组存在差异，包括a1 /5中重复元件和分泌蛋白较少。AA1/5和两个芥菜品种（Sej-2(2)和Pusa Jaikisan）的双rna测序分析发现，涉及碳水化合物代谢、细胞壁降解和内吞作用的真菌基因表达存在差异。宿主转录组学揭示了光系统基因的抑制和氧化戊糖磷酸途径基因的诱导。品种特异性反应包括防御相关基因如PR-3、RLP35、JOX4和CYP81F3的差异调控。定量逆转录- pcr验证了真菌感染后两个品种的两个致病相关基因PR-4和PR-5的转录组数据上调。结论本研究为了解欧洲一株芸苔科分离株的基因组和转录组学特征及其与芥菜芽孢杆菌的相互作用提供了新的视角。这些发现突出了油菜科作物保守的和不同的致病性机制和寄主反应，为今后的抗性育种和功能研究奠定了基础。©2026作者。由John Wiley & Sons Ltd代表化学工业协会出版的《害虫管理科学》。

{"title":"First genome sequence of a European Alternaria brassicae isolate and genes involved in early development of alternaria leaf spot on Brassica juncea.","authors":"Kevin M King,Graham McLaughlin,Chinthani S Karandeni Dewage,Zedi Gao,David J Hughes,Jonathan S West,Henrik U Stotz","doi":"10.1002/ps.70477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.70477","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDAlternaria brassicae is a necrotrophic fungal pathogen causing grey leaf spot disease in Brassicaceae crops, notably Brassica juncea. While previous genomic studies have focused on Indian isolates, the molecular basis of host-pathogen interactions in European isolates remains unexplored.RESULTSWe report the first genome sequence of a UK A. brassicae isolate (AA1/5), assembled using PacBio and Illumina platforms, revealing a 32.6 Mb genome with 7228 predicted genes. Comparative analysis with the Indian J3 isolate suggests genomic divergence, including fewer repetitive elements and secreted proteins in AA1/5. Dual RNA-sequencing profiling of AA1/5 and two B. juncea cultivars (Sej-2 (2) and Pusa Jaikisan) identified differential expression of fungal genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism, cell wall degradation, and endocytosis. Host transcriptomics revealed suppression of photosystem genes and induction of oxidative pentose phosphate pathway genes. Cultivar-specific responses included differential regulation of defence-related genes such as PR-3, RLP35, JOX4, and CYP81F3. Quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR validated the host transcriptomic dataset with up-regulation after fungal infection in both cultivars of two pathogenesis-related genes, PR-4 and PR-5.CONCLUSIONThis study provides novel insights into the genomic and transcriptomic landscape of a European A. brassicae isolate and its interaction with B. juncea. The findings highlight conserved and divergent pathogenicity mechanisms and host responses, offering a foundation for future resistance breeding and functional studies in Brassicaceae crops. © 2026 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146005417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0