Pub Date : 2023-03-28DOI: 10.28983/asj.y2023i3pp111-115
Irek Railevich Azizov, A. V. Rusinov, S. A. Anisimov, O. Karpova
The materials of the article consider the studies carried out to determine the agrotechnical indicators of the uniformity of rain distribution when using the proposed design of a jet fan rain-forming nozzle installed on an automated plant for watering champignons. The flow-pressure characteristics of rain created by jet fan-shaped rain-forming nozzles with various nozzle cross-section shapes are presented.
{"title":"The results of studies of agrotechnical indicators of the uniformity of rain distribution by a jet fan rain-forming nozzle when watering mushrooms","authors":"Irek Railevich Azizov, A. V. Rusinov, S. A. Anisimov, O. Karpova","doi":"10.28983/asj.y2023i3pp111-115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2023i3pp111-115","url":null,"abstract":"The materials of the article consider the studies carried out to determine the agrotechnical indicators of the uniformity of rain distribution when using the proposed design of a jet fan rain-forming nozzle installed on an automated plant for watering champignons. The flow-pressure characteristics of rain created by jet fan-shaped rain-forming nozzles with various nozzle cross-section shapes are presented.","PeriodicalId":219145,"journal":{"name":"The Agrarian Scientific Journal","volume":"133 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131513704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-28DOI: 10.28983/asj.y2023i3pp35-43
E. Kotlyarova, E. Kovalyova, O. Kuzmina
In the real farming conditions of the south-west of the Central Chernozem region (Belgorod oblast), it was found that the using local organic fertilizers – cattle effluents and manure, which differ in agrochemical composition and the degree of availability of nutrients, has an unequal effect on soil fertility and crop productivity. The use of cattle litter manure contributed to a significant improvement in soil fertility indicators such as organic matter content (by 0.4% abs.), degree of acidity (by 0.4 units.) and hydrolytic acidity (by 1.32 mmol/ 100 g of soil). Using of cattle effluents led to a significant excess of the agrocenoses productivity (by 1.2 thousand GU/ha or 30.4%) compared to the application of cattle manure. The most responsive crops for the cattle effluents application were sunflower, corn, perennial and annual grasses, which provided the harvest increasing by 23-113%. The use of cattle effluents was more economic effective compared to the application of cattle manure: profit and profitability were 2.9 and 3.1 times higher, respectively, and the cost price was 1.4 times lower.
{"title":"Use experience of cattle effluents and manure in the Belgorod region","authors":"E. Kotlyarova, E. Kovalyova, O. Kuzmina","doi":"10.28983/asj.y2023i3pp35-43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2023i3pp35-43","url":null,"abstract":"In the real farming conditions of the south-west of the Central Chernozem region (Belgorod oblast), it was found that the using local organic fertilizers – cattle effluents and manure, which differ in agrochemical composition and the degree of availability of nutrients, has an unequal effect on soil fertility and crop productivity. The use of cattle litter manure contributed to a significant improvement in soil fertility indicators such as organic matter content (by 0.4% abs.), degree of acidity (by 0.4 units.) and hydrolytic acidity (by 1.32 mmol/ 100 g of soil). Using of cattle effluents led to a significant excess of the agrocenoses productivity (by 1.2 thousand GU/ha or 30.4%) compared to the application of cattle manure. The most responsive crops for the cattle effluents application were sunflower, corn, perennial and annual grasses, which provided the harvest increasing by 23-113%. The use of cattle effluents was more economic effective compared to the application of cattle manure: profit and profitability were 2.9 and 3.1 times higher, respectively, and the cost price was 1.4 times lower.","PeriodicalId":219145,"journal":{"name":"The Agrarian Scientific Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125960102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-28DOI: 10.28983/asj.y2023i3pp8-14
A. Bondarenko, D. V. Chernik
For the first time in the North-West Caspian region (northern part of the Astrakhan region), a study was conducted on the cultivation of varieties and hybrids of onions of bulb domestic selection using growth stimulators against the background of mineral fertilizers with the isolation of the most promising for cultivation in an arid climate with a drip irrigation method.According to the results of the research work, a positive effect was achieved from the joint use of growth-stimulating drugs during the growing season and the background application of mineral fertilizers based on N180P60K60. The use of growth-stimulating drugs did not lead to the accumulation of nitrates in bulbs of varieties and hybrid. The most positive effect was achieved from the use of the new generation drug Novosil on the variety of onions Christina and the hybrid Bayram F1. So, for high-yielding samples, the water consumption coefficient was 60,8–63,8 m3/t. At the same time, the average mass of the bulb during the technical ripeness phase was in the range of 185,0–240,7 g.
{"title":"Improved methods of cultivation of onions with the use of growth-stimulating preparations in the conditions of the Astrakhan region","authors":"A. Bondarenko, D. V. Chernik","doi":"10.28983/asj.y2023i3pp8-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2023i3pp8-14","url":null,"abstract":"For the first time in the North-West Caspian region (northern part of the Astrakhan region), a study was conducted on the cultivation of varieties and hybrids of onions of bulb domestic selection using growth stimulators against the background of mineral fertilizers with the isolation of the most promising for cultivation in an arid climate with a drip irrigation method.According to the results of the research work, a positive effect was achieved from the joint use of growth-stimulating drugs during the growing season and the background application of mineral fertilizers based on N180P60K60. The use of growth-stimulating drugs did not lead to the accumulation of nitrates in bulbs of varieties and hybrid. The most positive effect was achieved from the use of the new generation drug Novosil on the variety of onions Christina and the hybrid Bayram F1. So, for high-yielding samples, the water consumption coefficient was 60,8–63,8 m3/t. At the same time, the average mass of the bulb during the technical ripeness phase was in the range of 185,0–240,7 g.","PeriodicalId":219145,"journal":{"name":"The Agrarian Scientific Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121979785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-28DOI: 10.28983/asj.y2023i3pp27-34
M. Dyatlova, Tatiana Vasilievna Shaykova, E. Volkova
The influence of the main agricultural practices on the yield and its structure of spring wheat spelled variety Pskovityanka when cultivated on soddy-podzolic soil was studied. The studies were carried out in 2019–2020 on the fields of the FSBSI Federal Research Center for Bast Fiber Crops of the Pskov. Experimental options included three factors: levels of mineral fertilizers - control (without fertilizer), N60P60K60, N90P90K90, N120P120K120; seeding rates - 4, 5 and 6 million germinating seeds/ha; sowing dates - I and II decade of May. Studies have shown that the largest weight of 1000 grains - 37.5 and 37.7 g - was obtained when sowing emmer in the second decade of May with a seeding rate of 5 and 6 million units/ha against the background of applying mineral fertilizers at a dose of N90P90K90. On average, over the years of research, according to the variants of the experiment, from 16.5 to 25.8 q/ha of spelled grain was obtained. It has been established that the most effective factor is the use of mineral fertilizers, which, in the studied doses, provided an additional 2.4 to 5.5 q/ha of grain according to the experimental options. The shift in the sowing date of spelt to the second decade of May made it possible to have a significant increase in yield from 2.2 to 4.0 q/ha of grain. Seeding rates turned out to be a less effective factor, an increase in which from 4 to 6 million units/ha contributed to an increase in grain productivity by 1.5–4.1 q/ha. The highest yield of spelled at the level of 25.1–25.8 q/ha was obtained when the crop was sown in the second decade of May with seeding rates of 5 and 6 million units per hectare against the background of mineral fertilizers N90P90K90.
{"title":"Variety agrotechnology for cultivation of spelled varieties Pskovityanka","authors":"M. Dyatlova, Tatiana Vasilievna Shaykova, E. Volkova","doi":"10.28983/asj.y2023i3pp27-34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2023i3pp27-34","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of the main agricultural practices on the yield and its structure of spring wheat spelled variety Pskovityanka when cultivated on soddy-podzolic soil was studied. The studies were carried out in 2019–2020 on the fields of the FSBSI Federal Research Center for Bast Fiber Crops of the Pskov. Experimental options included three factors: levels of mineral fertilizers - control (without fertilizer), N60P60K60, N90P90K90, N120P120K120; seeding rates - 4, 5 and 6 million germinating seeds/ha; sowing dates - I and II decade of May. Studies have shown that the largest weight of 1000 grains - 37.5 and 37.7 g - was obtained when sowing emmer in the second decade of May with a seeding rate of 5 and 6 million units/ha against the background of applying mineral fertilizers at a dose of N90P90K90. On average, over the years of research, according to the variants of the experiment, from 16.5 to 25.8 q/ha of spelled grain was obtained. It has been established that the most effective factor is the use of mineral fertilizers, which, in the studied doses, provided an additional 2.4 to 5.5 q/ha of grain according to the experimental options. The shift in the sowing date of spelt to the second decade of May made it possible to have a significant increase in yield from 2.2 to 4.0 q/ha of grain. Seeding rates turned out to be a less effective factor, an increase in which from 4 to 6 million units/ha contributed to an increase in grain productivity by 1.5–4.1 q/ha. The highest yield of spelled at the level of 25.1–25.8 q/ha was obtained when the crop was sown in the second decade of May with seeding rates of 5 and 6 million units per hectare against the background of mineral fertilizers N90P90K90.","PeriodicalId":219145,"journal":{"name":"The Agrarian Scientific Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126301675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-28DOI: 10.28983/asj.y2023i3pp136-139
I. Priporov
The article presents the application of graph theory in the power system of a diesel autotractor engine with a different combination of technical devices, which allows us to determine the structure of technology according to the criterion of environmental friendliness of diesel fuel, as well as reducing the coking capacity of rapeseed oil by 0.2%, the cost of biofuel by 10% and the environmental hazard of production.
{"title":"Application of graph theory in the power system of a diesel tractor engine","authors":"I. Priporov","doi":"10.28983/asj.y2023i3pp136-139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2023i3pp136-139","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the application of graph theory in the power system of a diesel autotractor engine with a different combination of technical devices, which allows us to determine the structure of technology according to the criterion of environmental friendliness of diesel fuel, as well as reducing the coking capacity of rapeseed oil by 0.2%, the cost of biofuel by 10% and the environmental hazard of production.","PeriodicalId":219145,"journal":{"name":"The Agrarian Scientific Journal","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127702452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-28DOI: 10.28983/asj.y2023i3pp15-20
A. Galasheva, E. Sedov, N. Krasova, M. Lupin
In VNIISPK оver the past thirty years, 21 summer varieties of apple trees have been identified, of which 11 varieties are zoned in the Central Black Earth region of Russia: Orlinka, Augusta, Darena, Early Aloe, Maslovskoye, Yablochny Spas, Orlovim, Osipovskoye, Joy of Nadezhda, Zhelannoe, Yubilyar. Objective. To study the features of growth and fruiting of new summer varieties of apple trees on a medium-sized rootstock 54-118. The objects of research are summer varieties of apple trees bred at FGBNU VNIISPK (Orel city) - Avgusta, Daryona, Maslovskoye, Osipovskoye, Zhilinskoye, Spasskoye, Yablochny Spas and the control variety of Canadian selection Melba on a medium-sized clonal rootstock 54-118. Garden planting - 2014, garden planting scheme 5?2 m. When studying the strength of the growth of trees, it was revealed that the tallest trees (age 6 years) were in the varieties Apple Spas - 3.0 m and Osipovskoe - 2.9 m on a medium-sized rootstock 54-118. In 2021, Spasskoye had the highest yield - 26.2 kg/tree, Yablochny Spas Spas - 25.0 kg/tree. The largest yields on average over four years were produced by apple varieties immune to scab on a medium-sized rootstock 54-118: Zhilinskoye - 10.7 t/kg, Maslovskoye - 12.5 t/kg, Yablochny Spas - 13.6 t/kg and Spasskoye - 16.3 t/kg. When calculating the load of the crop per unit area of the crown projection, crown volume and cross-sectional area of the bole, the Maslovskoye variety turned out to have high rates.
{"title":"New varieties of apple trees in the assortment Central Black Earth Region of Russia","authors":"A. Galasheva, E. Sedov, N. Krasova, M. Lupin","doi":"10.28983/asj.y2023i3pp15-20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2023i3pp15-20","url":null,"abstract":"In VNIISPK оver the past thirty years, 21 summer varieties of apple trees have been identified, of which 11 varieties are zoned in the Central Black Earth region of Russia: Orlinka, Augusta, Darena, Early Aloe, Maslovskoye, Yablochny Spas, Orlovim, Osipovskoye, Joy of Nadezhda, Zhelannoe, Yubilyar. Objective. To study the features of growth and fruiting of new summer varieties of apple trees on a medium-sized rootstock 54-118. The objects of research are summer varieties of apple trees bred at FGBNU VNIISPK (Orel city) - Avgusta, Daryona, Maslovskoye, Osipovskoye, Zhilinskoye, Spasskoye, Yablochny Spas and the control variety of Canadian selection Melba on a medium-sized clonal rootstock 54-118. Garden planting - 2014, garden planting scheme 5?2 m. When studying the strength of the growth of trees, it was revealed that the tallest trees (age 6 years) were in the varieties Apple Spas - 3.0 m and Osipovskoe - 2.9 m on a medium-sized rootstock 54-118. In 2021, Spasskoye had the highest yield - 26.2 kg/tree, Yablochny Spas Spas - 25.0 kg/tree. The largest yields on average over four years were produced by apple varieties immune to scab on a medium-sized rootstock 54-118: Zhilinskoye - 10.7 t/kg, Maslovskoye - 12.5 t/kg, Yablochny Spas - 13.6 t/kg and Spasskoye - 16.3 t/kg. When calculating the load of the crop per unit area of the crown projection, crown volume and cross-sectional area of the bole, the Maslovskoye variety turned out to have high rates.","PeriodicalId":219145,"journal":{"name":"The Agrarian Scientific Journal","volume":"168 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131983138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The research was performed in the Absheron region of the Azerbaijan Republic on private and farmer sheep farms from 2015 to 2020. The complete helminthological dissection method revealed that nematodes such as Trichocephalus ovis, Haemonchus contortus, and Chabertia ovina parasitize the gastrointestinal system of sheep. All 3 species belong to geohelminths. 771 dead and slaughtered sheep were examined by complete helminthological dissection. In the region, the extensiveness of invasion (EI) with Tr.ovis was 43.2%, the intensity of invasion (II) was 1-53 samples, the EI with H.contortus was 35.0%, the EI was 2-56 samples, the IE with Ch.ovina was 25.0 %, II was 1-74 samples. Nematodiasis causative agents were found to be widely distributed in vertical landscape-ecological zones with the predominance of the mountainous zone: Tr.ovis 57.5%, Ch.ovina 39.8%, H.contortus 32.7%. It was also observed that helminths were more widespread in the Khizi district of the region.
{"title":"Nematodiasis causative agents of the gastrointestinal system of sheep in the Absheron region of Azerbaijan","authors":"Aysel Nukhbala Aghayeva, Kamala Kamaladdin Isayeva","doi":"10.28983/asj.y2023i3pp103-110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2023i3pp103-110","url":null,"abstract":"The research was performed in the Absheron region of the Azerbaijan Republic on private and farmer sheep farms from 2015 to 2020. The complete helminthological dissection method revealed that nematodes such as Trichocephalus ovis, Haemonchus contortus, and Chabertia ovina parasitize the gastrointestinal system of sheep. All 3 species belong to geohelminths. 771 dead and slaughtered sheep were examined by complete helminthological dissection. In the region, the extensiveness of invasion (EI) with Tr.ovis was 43.2%, the intensity of invasion (II) was 1-53 samples, the EI with H.contortus was 35.0%, the EI was 2-56 samples, the IE with Ch.ovina was 25.0 %, II was 1-74 samples. Nematodiasis causative agents were found to be widely distributed in vertical landscape-ecological zones with the predominance of the mountainous zone: Tr.ovis 57.5%, Ch.ovina 39.8%, H.contortus 32.7%. It was also observed that helminths were more widespread in the Khizi district of the region.","PeriodicalId":219145,"journal":{"name":"The Agrarian Scientific Journal","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116969949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-28DOI: 10.28983/asj.y2023i3pp154-159
O. Fomina, S. Fokin, Anastasiya Vladimirovna Kastornova
The results of studies of structural parameters and working process of chip removal from the chipper, with the upper chipper ejection, through the chipper pipeline, consisting of five sections are presented. The operating principle of this method of chippings removal is based on using the kinetic energy of rotating blades, from which the particles, receiving a certain amount of it, are directed in a stream of mixture with air through the chippings pipeline into the transport container. The specified method has inherent disadvantages - not always a stable process of removal of the resulting chips, which does not allow to achieve effective operation of chippers with this design. It is established that the design features of the chipper chipper pipeline have a significant influence on the removal of these particles from the chipper shell, especially in view of the predominance of the fine fraction obtained as a result of chopping twigs, branches and tops. The very long length of the chipper pipeline, the specific geometric shape in its various sections, as well as the considerable height of the chip elevation, from 2 to 4 meters, from the disc knives to the outlet window, have a restraining effect on the movement of the chips and on the performance of the entire mechanism.
{"title":"Substantiation of the design parameters of the chipper pipeline for shredding logging waste","authors":"O. Fomina, S. Fokin, Anastasiya Vladimirovna Kastornova","doi":"10.28983/asj.y2023i3pp154-159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2023i3pp154-159","url":null,"abstract":"The results of studies of structural parameters and working process of chip removal from the chipper, with the upper chipper ejection, through the chipper pipeline, consisting of five sections are presented. The operating principle of this method of chippings removal is based on using the kinetic energy of rotating blades, from which the particles, receiving a certain amount of it, are directed in a stream of mixture with air through the chippings pipeline into the transport container. The specified method has inherent disadvantages - not always a stable process of removal of the resulting chips, which does not allow to achieve effective operation of chippers with this design. It is established that the design features of the chipper chipper pipeline have a significant influence on the removal of these particles from the chipper shell, especially in view of the predominance of the fine fraction obtained as a result of chopping twigs, branches and tops. The very long length of the chipper pipeline, the specific geometric shape in its various sections, as well as the considerable height of the chip elevation, from 2 to 4 meters, from the disc knives to the outlet window, have a restraining effect on the movement of the chips and on the performance of the entire mechanism.","PeriodicalId":219145,"journal":{"name":"The Agrarian Scientific Journal","volume":"66 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117179264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-28DOI: 10.28983/asj.y2023i3pp59-64
S. Saukova, T. Antonova, N. Araslanova, M. Ivebor, E. Ryzhenko, O. Borisenko
The purpose of the research was to analyze three year observations (2018–2020) for the climate changes effect on infection of the breeding sunflower lines (Helianthus annuus L.) by a Phoma black stem pathogen Plenodomus lindquistii (Frezzi) Gruyter, Aveskamp & Verkley in the central zone of the Krasnodar region. The disease was monitored on fields of V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Krasnodar. Analysis of climatic factors in years of the research resulted that heavy rainfalls (119.2?134.6 mm) exceeding multi-year averages (60.0 mm) by two times and the optimal average daily temperature 23.0?26.4 ?С in July are favorable for stem infection by Plenodomus lindquistii in the second half of the summer, in a phase of sunflower flowering – maturing. In 2018, the moisture deficit in June (11.0 mm) and August (6.8 mm) was a factor suppressing the viability of an infectious matter of a fungus that led to a low frequency of Phoma black stem on the sunflower lines (in average 20.3%). In 2019 and 2020, prevalence (P) and development (R) of Phoma black stem in average on sunflower lines were equal 23.3?29.9% and 21.4?28.1%, respectively. A line L 107 demonstrated a stable resistance to Plenodomus lindquistii infection during three years: amount of infected plants was within 5.7?8.3%, development was 3.8?8.3% at the infection level of 1–2 points. A susceptible line L 116 was selected (P: 47.5?62.8%, and R: 38.0?40.0%). Among the studied breeding lines, the sample VK 900 was the most susceptible to weather conditions of the year: prevalence of the Phoma black stem varied within 21.1?45.5% at the infection level of 1?3 points.
{"title":"Influence of climatic conditions on infection of sunflower lines by phoma black stem","authors":"S. Saukova, T. Antonova, N. Araslanova, M. Ivebor, E. Ryzhenko, O. Borisenko","doi":"10.28983/asj.y2023i3pp59-64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2023i3pp59-64","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the research was to analyze three year observations (2018–2020) for the climate changes effect on infection of the breeding sunflower lines (Helianthus annuus L.) by a Phoma black stem pathogen Plenodomus lindquistii (Frezzi) Gruyter, Aveskamp & Verkley in the central zone of the Krasnodar region. The disease was monitored on fields of V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Krasnodar. Analysis of climatic factors in years of the research resulted that heavy rainfalls (119.2?134.6 mm) exceeding multi-year averages (60.0 mm) by two times and the optimal average daily temperature 23.0?26.4 ?С in July are favorable for stem infection by Plenodomus lindquistii in the second half of the summer, in a phase of sunflower flowering – maturing. In 2018, the moisture deficit in June (11.0 mm) and August (6.8 mm) was a factor suppressing the viability of an infectious matter of a fungus that led to a low frequency of Phoma black stem on the sunflower lines (in average 20.3%). In 2019 and 2020, prevalence (P) and development (R) of Phoma black stem in average on sunflower lines were equal 23.3?29.9% and 21.4?28.1%, respectively. A line L 107 demonstrated a stable resistance to Plenodomus lindquistii infection during three years: amount of infected plants was within 5.7?8.3%, development was 3.8?8.3% at the infection level of 1–2 points. A susceptible line L 116 was selected (P: 47.5?62.8%, and R: 38.0?40.0%). Among the studied breeding lines, the sample VK 900 was the most susceptible to weather conditions of the year: prevalence of the Phoma black stem varied within 21.1?45.5% at the infection level of 1?3 points.","PeriodicalId":219145,"journal":{"name":"The Agrarian Scientific Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131170686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-28DOI: 10.28983/asj.y2023i3pp131-135
V. Ovtov, P. D. Tsurenko, K. Gorshkov, Nikita Evgenievich Tretyakov
The distribution of bulbs along the length of the planting furrow during planting significantly affects the yield of onions, since the feeding area of the cultivated crop is formed. The planting apparatus has a significant impact on the quality of planting onions, the uniformity of the distribution of bulbs along the length of the planting furrow at the required distance from each other depends on its operation. To drive the planting machines of onion planters, chain reducers with replaceable sprockets are usually used. The design of a stepless gear of an onion planter with selected bearings and their calculation for durability is proposed.
{"title":"Checking the bearings of the driven shaft of a variable gearbox for durability","authors":"V. Ovtov, P. D. Tsurenko, K. Gorshkov, Nikita Evgenievich Tretyakov","doi":"10.28983/asj.y2023i3pp131-135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2023i3pp131-135","url":null,"abstract":"The distribution of bulbs along the length of the planting furrow during planting significantly affects the yield of onions, since the feeding area of the cultivated crop is formed. The planting apparatus has a significant impact on the quality of planting onions, the uniformity of the distribution of bulbs along the length of the planting furrow at the required distance from each other depends on its operation. To drive the planting machines of onion planters, chain reducers with replaceable sprockets are usually used. The design of a stepless gear of an onion planter with selected bearings and their calculation for durability is proposed.","PeriodicalId":219145,"journal":{"name":"The Agrarian Scientific Journal","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121105541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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