B. Wherrett, J. Bolger, A. Kar, I. Galbraith, S. Wang, J. Simpson, K. Prior, B. Cavenett
An explosion of interest in ZnSe based optoelectronic devices has followed the reports of diode laser action associated with this material [1,2]. We have, over a period of years, been investigating the nonlinear optical properties of bulk and thin-film ZnSe, initially with concern for all-optical switches and logic elements employing either optothermal or optoelectronic mechanisms. Degenerate-four-wave-mixing, nonlinear Fabry-Perot and z-scan techniques have been employed to measure the absorption cross-sections and induced refractive indices at cw, nanosecond and subpicosecond timescales, with particular concern for near-gap enhancements [3-6].
{"title":"Picosecond Nonlinear Optics of and Stimulated Emission from n- and p-type MBE ZnSe","authors":"B. Wherrett, J. Bolger, A. Kar, I. Galbraith, S. Wang, J. Simpson, K. Prior, B. Cavenett","doi":"10.1364/nlo.1992.mc4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/nlo.1992.mc4","url":null,"abstract":"An explosion of interest in ZnSe based optoelectronic devices has followed the reports of diode laser action associated with this material [1,2]. We have, over a period of years, been investigating the nonlinear optical properties of bulk and thin-film ZnSe, initially with concern for all-optical switches and logic elements employing either optothermal or optoelectronic mechanisms. Degenerate-four-wave-mixing, nonlinear Fabry-Perot and z-scan techniques have been employed to measure the absorption cross-sections and induced refractive indices at cw, nanosecond and subpicosecond timescales, with particular concern for near-gap enhancements [3-6].","PeriodicalId":219832,"journal":{"name":"Nonlinear Optics: Materials, Fundamentals, and Applications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127747136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pattern recognition methodology is extremely important for robotics vision applications especially in the present era of automation. Perhaps one of the most well-known and important class of techniques of pattern recognition is the Vander Lugt matched filter correlator1 and its related methods2-3. In the optical implementations of the matched filter correlator, the technique involves the storage of the Fourier transform, via a thin lens, of the amplitude and phase of an image in a recording medium and later addressing the stored information by the Fourier transform of a new input. When the inverse Fourier transform of the multiplication of the two Fourier transforms are taken, cross-correlation between the new input and the stored is obtained. The cross—correlation intensity is a measure of the similarity between the two images. In the digital implementations, the Fourier transform operation is accomplished sequentially by electronics instead of the parallel transformation of a thin lens. Although the matched filter method is effective in recognizing an input image with the advantage of shift invariant, the question of whether the process emulates biological vision process is difficult if not impossible to answer.
{"title":"Bifurcating Neuromorphic Optical Pattern Recognition in Photorefractive Crystals","authors":"Hua-Kuang Liu","doi":"10.1364/nlo.1992.thb2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/nlo.1992.thb2","url":null,"abstract":"Pattern recognition methodology is extremely important for robotics vision applications especially in the present era of automation. Perhaps one of the most well-known and important class of techniques of pattern recognition is the Vander Lugt matched filter correlator1 and its related methods2-3. In the optical implementations of the matched filter correlator, the technique involves the storage of the Fourier transform, via a thin lens, of the amplitude and phase of an image in a recording medium and later addressing the stored information by the Fourier transform of a new input. When the inverse Fourier transform of the multiplication of the two Fourier transforms are taken, cross-correlation between the new input and the stored is obtained. The cross—correlation intensity is a measure of the similarity between the two images. In the digital implementations, the Fourier transform operation is accomplished sequentially by electronics instead of the parallel transformation of a thin lens. Although the matched filter method is effective in recognizing an input image with the advantage of shift invariant, the question of whether the process emulates biological vision process is difficult if not impossible to answer.","PeriodicalId":219832,"journal":{"name":"Nonlinear Optics: Materials, Fundamentals, and Applications","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133551653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. V. Van Stryland, G. Stegeman, R. DeSalvo, D. Hagan, M. Sheik-Bahae
The cascading of second order nonlinearities (χ(2): χ(2) to induce a nonlinear phase distortion on the input beam has recently received considerable attention[1,2] We estimate that materials with large second order nonlinearities (≃102 pm/V) will give rise to effective nonlinear refractive indices, n 2 eff , of 10–12 to 10–10 esu. These nonlinearities are truly nonresonant and can be in a lossless spectral region (i.e. loss determined by impurities and defects). An important difference between this nonlinearity and a true χ(3) nonlinearity is that the sign is readily changed by, for example, changing the phase matching condition.
{"title":"Cascading of χ(2) for χ(3) Nonlinearities","authors":"E. V. Van Stryland, G. Stegeman, R. DeSalvo, D. Hagan, M. Sheik-Bahae","doi":"10.1364/nlo.1992.ma2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/nlo.1992.ma2","url":null,"abstract":"The cascading of second order nonlinearities (χ(2): χ(2) to induce a nonlinear phase distortion on the input beam has recently received considerable attention[1,2] We estimate that materials with large second order nonlinearities (≃102 pm/V) will give rise to effective nonlinear refractive indices, \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 n\u0000 2\u0000 \u0000 eff\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 , of 10–12 to 10–10 esu. These nonlinearities are truly nonresonant and can be in a lossless spectral region (i.e. loss determined by impurities and defects). An important difference between this nonlinearity and a true χ(3) nonlinearity is that the sign is readily changed by, for example, changing the phase matching condition.","PeriodicalId":219832,"journal":{"name":"Nonlinear Optics: Materials, Fundamentals, and Applications","volume":"33 11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133389666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The close synergism between experiment and theory for Rayleigh-Benard fluid convection has led to the development of sophisticated theoretical models which accurately predict the onset of widely diverse pattern forming turbulent convection. Close to threshold a multiple scales weakly nonlinear analysis yields a universal class of amplitude equations which accurately predict the formation of roll, hexagon, defect patterns and various instabilities of the underlying roll solutions. An elegant study by Busse of the nonlinear regime established that turbulent patterns and stable rolls could coexist beyond the first instability threshold.
{"title":"Optical turbulence in wide gain section lasers: An analogy with large aspect ratio fluids.","authors":"P. Jakobsen, S. Wenden, J. Moloney, A. Newell","doi":"10.1364/nlo.1992.tuc4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/nlo.1992.tuc4","url":null,"abstract":"The close synergism between experiment and theory for Rayleigh-Benard fluid convection has led to the development of sophisticated theoretical models which accurately predict the onset of widely diverse pattern forming turbulent convection. Close to threshold a multiple scales weakly nonlinear analysis yields a universal class of amplitude equations which accurately predict the formation of roll, hexagon, defect patterns and various instabilities of the underlying roll solutions. An elegant study by Busse of the nonlinear regime established that turbulent patterns and stable rolls could coexist beyond the first instability threshold.","PeriodicalId":219832,"journal":{"name":"Nonlinear Optics: Materials, Fundamentals, and Applications","volume":"109 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133813357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Santamato, M. Tamburrini, M. Bonavita, S. Wabnitz
Spontaneous spatial instabilities have been predicted and observed in Kerr nonlinear media plugged into suitable optical resonator1. A similar effect was also reported in a nematic liquid crystal film.2
{"title":"Formation of Spatial Structures in a Nematic Liquid Crystal Film with Single Feedback Mirror","authors":"E. Santamato, M. Tamburrini, M. Bonavita, S. Wabnitz","doi":"10.1364/nlo.1992.tub4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/nlo.1992.tub4","url":null,"abstract":"Spontaneous spatial instabilities have been predicted and observed in Kerr nonlinear media plugged into suitable optical resonator1. A similar effect was also reported in a nematic liquid crystal film.2","PeriodicalId":219832,"journal":{"name":"Nonlinear Optics: Materials, Fundamentals, and Applications","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133821968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ionization of diatomic molecules should be described by the same basic theories as atomic ionization. For example, one might expect many common elements in a theory describing multiphoton ionization of HCl and of Argon. We will show that, for the first ionization step, atomic models require little or no modification to accurately describe molecular ionization, but we will also show that the large Stark shifts and large polarizability of molecular ions forces us to modify atomic models for higher charge states.
{"title":"Multiphoton Ionization of Atoms and Molecules","authors":"P. Corkum, P. Dietrich, M. LaBerge","doi":"10.1364/nlo.1992.tua6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/nlo.1992.tua6","url":null,"abstract":"Ionization of diatomic molecules should be described by the same basic theories as atomic ionization. For example, one might expect many common elements in a theory describing multiphoton ionization of HCl and of Argon. We will show that, for the first ionization step, atomic models require little or no modification to accurately describe molecular ionization, but we will also show that the large Stark shifts and large polarizability of molecular ions forces us to modify atomic models for higher charge states.","PeriodicalId":219832,"journal":{"name":"Nonlinear Optics: Materials, Fundamentals, and Applications","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132600156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In recent years, optical dephasing in disordered semiconductors and related alloys has been the interesting subject of nonlinear optics.
近年来，无序半导体及相关合金的光学脱相问题一直是非线性光学研究的热点。
{"title":"Study on Optical Dephasing of Localized Exciton in a-Si 1-xCx: H With Incoherent Light","authors":"D. J. Zhou, G. Qiu, C. Fu, Z.Z. Huarig, Q.X. Li","doi":"10.1364/nlo.1992.tud9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/nlo.1992.tud9","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, optical dephasing in disordered semiconductors and related alloys has been the interesting subject of nonlinear optics.","PeriodicalId":219832,"journal":{"name":"Nonlinear Optics: Materials, Fundamentals, and Applications","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132706700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We consider all-optical switching phenomena for solitons in the dual-core nonlinear coupler with amplification. The switching characteristics for soliton case are found. It is shown that Raman effect inhibits the switching conditions.
{"title":"Soliton switching in a dual-core active fiber nonlinear coupler.","authors":"F. Abdullaev, S. Darmanyan, V. Goncharov","doi":"10.1364/nlo.1992.tud15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/nlo.1992.tud15","url":null,"abstract":"We consider all-optical switching phenomena for solitons in the dual-core nonlinear coupler with amplification. The switching characteristics for soliton case are found. It is shown that Raman effect inhibits the switching conditions.","PeriodicalId":219832,"journal":{"name":"Nonlinear Optics: Materials, Fundamentals, and Applications","volume":"339 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115886073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Semiorganic Nonlinear Optical Materials","authors":"T. Chang","doi":"10.1364/nlo.1992.fa8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/nlo.1992.fa8","url":null,"abstract":"Summary not available at press time.","PeriodicalId":219832,"journal":{"name":"Nonlinear Optics: Materials, Fundamentals, and Applications","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115476604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper will first describe the optoelectronic generation and detection of freely-propagating fsec pulses of THz electromagnetic radiation, and then applications of the optoelectronic THz beam system to THz time-domain spectroscopy (TDS) will be presented. Via optoelectronic excitation, a transient point source of THz radiation is generated at the focus of a dielectric collimating lens, followed by an additional paraboloidal focusing and collimating mirror. This source produces well collimated beams of fsec pulses of THz radiation. Matched to an identical receiver, the resulting system has extremely high collection efficiency (1). With a demonstrated signal-to-noise ratio of 1000, a time resolution of less than 150 fsec and a frequency range from 0.2 THz to more than 5 THz, the performance of this optoelectronic THz system is limited by the intrinsic response time of the semiconductor (2).
{"title":"Time-Domain Spectroscopy with Fsec Pulses of THz Radiation","authors":"D. Grischkowsky","doi":"10.1364/nlo.1992.tuc2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/nlo.1992.tuc2","url":null,"abstract":"This paper will first describe the optoelectronic generation and detection of freely-propagating fsec pulses of THz electromagnetic radiation, and then applications of the optoelectronic THz beam system to THz time-domain spectroscopy (TDS) will be presented. Via optoelectronic excitation, a transient point source of THz radiation is generated at the focus of a dielectric collimating lens, followed by an additional paraboloidal focusing and collimating mirror. This source produces well collimated beams of fsec pulses of THz radiation. Matched to an identical receiver, the resulting system has extremely high collection efficiency (1). With a demonstrated signal-to-noise ratio of 1000, a time resolution of less than 150 fsec and a frequency range from 0.2 THz to more than 5 THz, the performance of this optoelectronic THz system is limited by the intrinsic response time of the semiconductor (2).","PeriodicalId":219832,"journal":{"name":"Nonlinear Optics: Materials, Fundamentals, and Applications","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116764362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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