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Pros and Cons of IoT Use: What can they tell us with respect to Business Model Change? 物联网使用的利弊:关于商业模式的变化,它们能告诉我们什么?
Pub Date : 2020-12-21 DOI: 10.9876/SIM.V25I4.967
Rostand Affogbolo, Claire Gauzente, P. Kuntz, A. Guénoche
Practitioners often contend that the emerging and pervasive technology of Internet of Things (IoT) has disruptive capabilities. By opening opportunities to leverage data that it makes accessible, IoT indeed allows incumbents to set up several changes of their business model (BM), and at times replacing them by wholly new approaches. In this paper, we draw on Teece’s (1986) PFI theoretical framework to emphasize the importance of complementary resources to profit from IoT and set up BM changes. Inspiring from ordinal methods, we perform an inductive meta-analysis of drivers – benefits and challenges – risks of IoT use extracted from a selection of eleven managerial studies which jointly surveyed several thousands of organizations (8042 informants). This meta-analysis procedure enables to compare through an order of preference the inductively inferred constructs from original drivers – benefits and challenges – risks items proposed in the selected studies. The method computes a consensus among those orders and brings out the paramount constructs as well as the lesser important. Standing on paramount (resp. lesser important) constructs, we discuss BM changes notably the value creation reconfiguring, and the use of dual BM configuration. Since the IoT technology uncertainties remain numerous and manifold, we also suggest a cautious approach for BM change.
从业人员经常认为,物联网(IoT)的新兴和普及技术具有颠覆性能力。通过提供利用数据的机会,物联网确实允许现有企业对其商业模式(BM)进行一些改变,有时还可以用全新的方法取代它们。在本文中,我们借鉴了Teece(1986)的PFI理论框架,强调了互补资源对于从物联网中获利的重要性,并建立了BM变化。在常规方法的启发下,我们对物联网使用的驱动因素——利益和挑战——风险进行了归纳荟萃分析,这些分析摘自11项管理研究,这些研究共同调查了数千家组织(8042名被调查者)。这个荟萃分析程序能够通过偏好顺序来比较从选定研究中提出的原始驱动因素-利益和挑战-风险项目中归纳推断的结构。该方法计算这些顺序之间的一致性,并提出最重要的结构以及不太重要的结构。站在最高的(地位上)不太重要的)结构,我们讨论了BM的变化,特别是价值创造的重新配置,以及双BM配置的使用。由于物联网技术的不确定性仍然很多,我们也建议对BM变革采取谨慎的态度。
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引用次数: 0
Business Model Research in the Information Systems Literature: A Review and a Research Agenda 信息系统文献中的商业模式研究:回顾与研究议程
Pub Date : 2020-12-21 DOI: 10.9876/SIM.V25I4.1160
Raphaël Maucuer, Alexandre Renaud, Yuliya Snihur, Neva Bojovic
Large-scale digitization has induced profound changes in the contemporary economy. In this context, the literature on information systems (IS) is proving invaluable to understand digital business models. Based on a mixed bibliometric analysis, this article reveals the historical contribution of the IS business model literature, identifies current research trends, and proposes a three-pronged research agenda for IS scholars working on digital business models: a design science; a user-centered; and a data-oriented perspective.
大规模的数字化引发了当代经济的深刻变化。在这种情况下,有关信息系统(IS)的文献证明对理解数字商业模式是无价的。基于混合文献计量分析,本文揭示了IS商业模式文献的历史贡献,确定了当前的研究趋势,并为从事数字商业模式研究的IS学者提出了三管齐下的研究议程:设计科学;一个以用户为中心的;以及面向数据的视角。
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引用次数: 0
The Crowdfunding Paradox: the Underuse of Crowd in the Individual Investment Decision-Making Factory 众筹悖论:群体在个人投资决策工厂中的未充分利用
Pub Date : 2020-03-18 DOI: 10.9876/SIM.V25I1.1006
Laurence Attuel-Mendès, C. Soulas, Abdel-Malik Ola
L’ equity crowdfunding a fait son entree en France sur le marche des biotechnologies sante en 2014 offrant ainsi l'opportunite aux porteurs de projet de trouver de nouvelles sources de financement. Les firmes porteuses d’innovation sont caracterisees, quel que soit leur secteur, par l'incertitude, ce qui pose la question du role du collectif incarne par la foule dans la prise de decision individuelle d’investissement. Une etude exploratoire a ete menee, ou les auteurs ont revetu des profils differents d’investisseurs sur des plateformes generalistes et specialistes durant des campagnes de levee de fonds par des startups de biotechs. Dans une demarche netnographique, la disponibilite de l’information (degre et contenu) qui etait offerte par les plateformes a pu etre appreciee. Des entretiens ont ensuite ete conduits aupres d’investisseurs, qui ont permis de confirmer l’observation d’une sous-utilisation paradoxale du levier cognitif que peut constituer la foule dans la fabrique de decision individuelle d’investissement. Sur un plan pratique, des preconisations fondees sur une typologie originale d’outils utilises par les plateformes offrent ainsi a ces dernieres l'opportunite de mieux mobiliser les informations creees par cette foule. Sur un plan theorique, l'article permet de completer la litterature sur la prise de decision en contexte d’incertitude, d’approfondir le role de la foule au-dela de son simple apport financier en crowdfunding et prolonge par ailleurs les travaux fondateurs sur la typologie des foules.
股权众筹于2014年进入法国健康生物技术市场,为项目发起人提供了寻找新的资金来源的机会。创新公司的特点是不确定性,无论其部门是什么,这就提出了一个问题,即集体在个人投资决策中所扮演的角色。作者进行了一项探索性研究,在生物技术初创公司的融资活动中,研究了通才和专业平台上的不同投资者概况。在网络志方法中,平台提供的信息(程度和内容)的可用性得到了赞赏。随后,对投资者进行了采访,证实了一种矛盾的观察,即在个人投资决策的工厂中,人群可能构成的认知杠杆没有得到充分利用。在实践层面上,基于平台使用的原始工具类型的建议为平台提供了更好地调动这一群体创造的信息的机会。从理论的角度来看,这篇文章完成了关于不确定性背景下决策的文献,深化了人群的作用,超越了他们在众筹中的简单财务贡献,并扩展了关于人群类型学的基本工作。
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引用次数: 0
Open Source Companies’ Absorptive Capacity: from Business Model to Business Intention 开源公司的吸收能力:从商业模式到商业意图
Pub Date : 2020-03-18 DOI: 10.9876/SIM.V25I1.929
Khaireddine Mouakhar, Nordine Benkeltoum
Absorptive capacity is a firm’s ability to identify, assimilate, transform and exploit external knowledge for value creation. The information systems literature has shown its critical role to create competitive advantages. This research studies the relationship between external environment exposure and the ability to create value based on external information. It re-examines the foundations of absorptive capacity through the business model framework. This research analyses absorptive capacity of 71 firms operating in a weak appropriability sector (open source). Using a mixed method research setting, it models how companies create and strategically maintain their absorptive capacity. The contribution of this article is twofold. First, it shows that firms that claim interacting the most with communities have a high probability to have a low absorptive capacity. Conversely, firms that pretend interacting the least with their environment have a high probability to have a high absorptive capacity. Secondly, this research argues that firm absorptive capacity is mainly explained by the intention that motivates environment interaction.
吸收能力是企业识别、吸收、转化和利用外部知识创造价值的能力。信息系统文献显示了它在创造竞争优势方面的关键作用。本研究研究外部环境暴露与基于外部信息的价值创造能力之间的关系。它通过商业模式框架重新审视了吸收能力的基础。本研究分析了71家在弱势部门(开源)经营的公司的吸收能力。使用混合方法研究设置,它模拟公司如何创造和战略上保持其吸收能力。这篇文章的贡献是双重的。首先,它表明那些声称与社区互动最多的公司很可能具有较低的吸收能力。相反,那些假装与环境互动最少的公司很可能具有较高的吸收能力。其次,本研究认为企业吸收能力主要由激励环境相互作用的意向来解释。
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引用次数: 0
THE INTEGRATION OF A TECHNOLOGY INTO A RELIGIOUS ORGANIZATION. THE CASE OF THE INTERNET AND DOMINICANS: THE “RETRAITE DANS LA VILLE” EXPERIMENTATION 将一种技术与宗教组织相结合。互联网和多米尼加人的案例:“老乡之城”实验
Pub Date : 2019-12-28 DOI: 10.9876/SIM.V24I4.1002
François Delorme
L’Ordre des Dominicains, organisation religieuse vieille de plusieurs centenaires, est centre autour d’une pratique, la predication. Caracterisee par des symboles qui lui sont specifiques, elle s’est adaptee au cours du temps aux differentes evolutions technologiques. Nous allons dans le cadre d’une etude de cas etudier comment l’une d’elles, Internet, est venue tester le fonctionnement de cette organisation. Nous mettrons en evidence le fait que cette technologie se soit integree a la fois dans la pratique propre aux Dominicains et dans un processus organisationnel. Elle a par ailleurs mene l’Ordre a tester certaines de ses limites.
多米尼加会是一个有几百年历史的宗教组织,其核心是一种实践,即布道。随着时间的推移,它以特定的符号为特征,适应了不同的技术发展。我们将通过一个案例研究来研究其中一个,互联网,是如何来测试这个组织的功能的。我们将强调这样一个事实,即这项技术已经融入了多米尼加人的实践和组织过程。它还促使骑士团测试了它的一些局限性。
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引用次数: 0
The symbolic interpretation of enterprise social networks as a brake on their adoption within one French banking group 对企业社交网络的象征性解读,在一家法国银行集团内阻碍了它们的采用
Pub Date : 2019-12-28 DOI: 10.9876/SIM.V24I4.1022
Myriam Karoui
Collaborative technologies such as enterprise social network are largely in line with the major specificities of communication and work environments mastered in the private sphere (mail, collaboration platforms, wikis, blogs ...). They symbolize representations and values that can be in contradiction or even break with the shared culture within the hierarchical organization. In fact, the purpose of our research is to understand to what extent the symbolism conveyed by such tool (in terms of images, values, cultural aspects ...) can inhibit and prevent its adoption in an organizational environment. Base on the concept of « conflict-IT culture » and through a case study conducted within a French banking group, we seek to understand the symbolic significance of these technologies and their impact on their adoption based on stakeholders' perceptions.
诸如企业社交网络之类的协作技术在很大程度上符合私人领域(邮件、协作平台、维基、博客……)所掌握的通信和工作环境的主要特性。它们象征着与等级组织内的共享文化相矛盾甚至断裂的表征和价值观。事实上,我们研究的目的是了解这种工具所传达的象征主义(在形象、价值观、文化方面……)在多大程度上可以抑制和阻止其在组织环境中的采用。基于“冲突it文化”的概念,并通过在一家法国银行集团内进行的案例研究,我们试图理解这些技术的象征意义,以及它们基于利益相关者的看法对其采用的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Symbolic Transformation for ERP appropriation ERP拨款的符号转换
Pub Date : 2019-12-28 DOI: 10.9876/SIM.V24I4.976
Anass Mawadia, Ariel Eggrickx, P. Chapellier
Malgre la recherche montrant la nature transformationnelle d’un Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), les editeurs et integrateurs tendent a imposer une meilleure facon de faire : ERP standard base sur les best practices , approche top-down , mise en place en mode « Vanille ». Ces pratiques vehiculent differents mythes : le « mythe du standard », du « leadership de l’informaticien », ou encore de la resistance a eradiquer. Les utilisateurs peuvent interpreter ces pratiques comme un « symbole », un moyen de leur imposer de nouvelles methodes de travail eloignees de leurs pratiques locales, ce qui provoque de la resistance et des conflits conduisant souvent a une faible appropriation de l’ERP, voire meme a un echec. Les travaux d’Hirschheim et Newman sur la symbolique des systemes d’information (SI) sont peu mobilises dans la litterature ERP et plus generalement SI, alors que leur concept de symbolique habilitante ouvre des perspectives pour favoriser l’appropriation d’un ERP. La recherche action menee pendant deux ans dans un groupe europeen de petites filiales, par l’un des chercheurs, chef de projet ERP, constitue une opportunite pour tenter de combler ce vide ou gap theorique. Les resultats contribuent a approfondir les differents vehicules de refonte (dispositifs) necessaires pour evoluer vers une symbolique habilitante et favoriser l’appropriation de l’ERP. La recherche met aussi en exergue des conditions peu identifiees dans la litterature pour la transformation de la symbolique, comme l’autonomie encadree, et le role d’acteur-frontiere du chef de projet.
尽管研究显示了企业资源计划(ERP)的转型性质,但出版商和集成商倾向于强加一种更好的方法:基于最佳实践的标准ERP,自上而下的方法,以“香草”模式实现。这些做法传达了不同的神话:“标准的神话”、“计算机科学家的领导能力”或需要消除的阻力。用户可能会将这些实践解释为一种“象征”,一种强加于他们的新工作方法的方式,远离他们当地的实践,这导致抵抗和冲突,往往导致erp的低挪用,甚至失败。hirschheim和Newman关于信息系统(is)符号的研究在ERP和更普遍的is文献中很少被使用,而他们的授权符号概念为促进ERP的挪用打开了前景。一名研究人员,ERP项目经理,在欧洲的一个小子公司集团进行了两年的行动研究,这是一个尝试填补这一理论空白或差距的机会。结果有助于深化不同的重铸工具(设备),这是必要的演变为授权符号和促进erp的挪用。该研究还强调了文学中很少被识别的象征性转变的条件,如框架自治和项目负责人的前沿角色。
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引用次数: 0
Numérique et Symbolique 数字和符号
Pub Date : 2019-12-27 DOI: 10.9876/SIM.V24I4.1085
Aurelie Dudezert, Nathalie N. Mitev, E. Oiry
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引用次数: 0
IT Symbolism and IT Implementation Strategies IT象征与IT实施策略
Pub Date : 2019-12-11 DOI: 10.9876/SIM.V24I4.980
Christina Tsoni, Régis Martineau
IT symbolism is so rich that becomes complicated for managers to understand and control all its dimensions. How could managers take into account the symbolic dimensions of an IT during implementation? We first distinguish three typical symbolic meanings associated with IT: IT as a Solution; IT as an Utopia and IT as a Threat. Then we present a detailed description of these three symbolic meanings and we associate them with IT implementation strategies. We obtain a descriptive grid that managers can use to manage IT symbolic dimensions during implementation.
IT符号是如此丰富,以至于管理人员很难理解和控制它的所有维度。管理人员如何在实施过程中考虑到IT的符号维度?我们首先区分与IT相关的三个典型的象征意义:IT作为解决方案;IT是乌托邦,IT是威胁。然后,我们对这三种象征意义进行了详细的描述,并将它们与IT实施策略联系起来。我们获得了一个描述性网格,管理人员可以在实现过程中使用它来管理IT符号维度。
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引用次数: 0
Autonomous Strategic Behaviours and Institutional Pressures: the case of BYOD 自主战略行为与制度压力:以BYOD为例
Pub Date : 2019-10-17 DOI: 10.9876/SIM.V24I2.900
Muriel Mignerat, L. Mirabeau, K. Proulx
The Bring Your Own Device phenomenon (BYOD) represents a major trend on the job market. Many employees demand to use the devices and software of their choice: mobile phones, tablets, online data storage and data sharing sites (Dropbox, iCloud), videoconferencing systems (Facetime, Skype) among others. This flexibility can be key when choosing an employer or for the purpose of talent retention. Even when these practices are not allowed, many employees, anxious to do their job better, easily find a way around. Conversely, some employers expect their employees to use their own smartphone for some tasks, thus saving on costs. Most of the research published to date on this topic focusses on security (of organizational systems and data), risks, privacy, and in specific contexts (medical settings). Our research focusses on contexts where employees want to use their own device; it tries to answer the following question: what factors and mechanisms enable the implementation of BYOD in professional spheres? We analyse this phenomenon through the lens of institutional theory (more specifically institutional pressures) and by identifying autonomous strategic behaviours of key actors; we suggest that the interplay of institutional pressures and autonomous behaviours leads to BYOD, an emergent phenomenon, that was not planned by management, and then, in turn, possibly to emerging strategies. Our methodology is a case study.
自带设备现象(BYOD)代表了就业市场的一个主要趋势。许多员工要求使用自己选择的设备和软件:手机、平板电脑、在线数据存储和数据共享网站(Dropbox、iCloud)、视频会议系统(Facetime、Skype)等。在选择雇主或留住人才时,这种灵活性是关键。即使这些做法是不被允许的,许多急于把工作做得更好的员工也很容易找到变通的办法。相反,一些雇主希望员工使用自己的智能手机完成某些任务,从而节省成本。迄今为止发表的关于这一主题的大多数研究都集中在安全性(组织系统和数据)、风险、隐私和特定环境(医疗环境)上。我们的研究集中在员工想要使用自己的设备的情况下;它试图回答以下问题:什么因素和机制使BYOD在专业领域的实施?我们通过制度理论(更具体地说是制度压力)的视角分析这一现象,并通过识别关键行为者的自主战略行为;我们认为,制度压力和自主行为的相互作用导致了BYOD,这是一种未经管理层计划的新兴现象,然后,反过来,可能会出现新的战略。我们的方法是案例研究。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
French Journal of Management Information Systems
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