Pub Date : 2019-06-30DOI: 10.22227/2305-5502.2019.3.5
M. Sainov
Introduction. The main factor determining the stress-strain state (SSS) of rockfill dam with reinforced concrete faces is deformability of the dam body material, mostly rockfill. However, the deformation properties of rockfill have not been sufficiently studied yet for the time being due to technical complexity of the matter, Materials and methods. To determine the deformation parameters of rockfill, scientific and technical information on the results of rockfill laboratory tests in stabilometers were collected and analyzed, as well as field data on deformations in the existing rockfill dams. After that, the values of rockfill linear deformation modulus obtained in the laboratory and in the field were compared. The laboratory test results were processed and analyzed to determine the parameters of the non-linear rockfill deformation model. Results. Analyses of the field observation data demonstrates that the deformation of the rockfill in the existing dams varies in a wide range: its linear deformation modulus may vary from 30 to 500 МPа. It was found out that the results of the most rockfill tests conducted in the laboratory, as a rule, approximately correspond to the lower limit of the rockfill deformation modulus variation range in the bodies of the existing dams. This can be explained by the discrepancy in density and particle sizes of model and natural soils. Only recently, results of rockfill experimental tests were obtained which were comparable with the results of the field measurements. They demonstrate that depending on the stress state the rockfill linear deformation modulus may reach 700 МPа. The processing of the results of those experiments made it possible to determine the parameters on the non-linear model describing the deformation of rockfill in the dam body. Conclusions. The obtained data allows for enhancement of the validity of rockfill dams SSS analyses, as well as for studying of the impact of the non-linear character of the rockfill deformation on the SSS of reinforced concrete faces of rockfill dams.
{"title":"Deformation of rockfill in bodies of rockfill dams","authors":"M. Sainov","doi":"10.22227/2305-5502.2019.3.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22227/2305-5502.2019.3.5","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The main factor determining the stress-strain state (SSS) of rockfill dam with reinforced concrete faces is deformability of the dam body material, mostly rockfill. However, the deformation properties of rockfill have not been sufficiently studied yet for the time being due to technical complexity of the matter,\u0000\u0000Materials and methods. To determine the deformation parameters of rockfill, scientific and technical information on the results of rockfill laboratory tests in stabilometers were collected and analyzed, as well as field data on deformations in the existing rockfill dams. After that, the values of rockfill linear deformation modulus obtained in the laboratory and in the field were compared. The laboratory test results were processed and analyzed to determine the parameters of the non-linear rockfill deformation model.\u0000\u0000Results. Analyses of the field observation data demonstrates that the deformation of the rockfill in the existing dams varies in a wide range: its linear deformation modulus may vary from 30 to 500 МPа. It was found out that the results of the most rockfill tests conducted in the laboratory, as a rule, approximately correspond to the lower limit of the rockfill deformation modulus variation range in the bodies of the existing dams. This can be explained by the discrepancy in density and particle sizes of model and natural soils. Only recently, results of rockfill experimental tests were obtained which were comparable with the results of the field measurements. They demonstrate that depending on the stress state the rockfill linear deformation modulus may reach 700 МPа. The processing of the results of those experiments made it possible to determine the parameters on the non-linear model describing the deformation of rockfill in the dam body.\u0000\u0000Conclusions. The obtained data allows for enhancement of the validity of rockfill dams SSS analyses, as well as for studying of the impact of the non-linear character of the rockfill deformation on the SSS of reinforced concrete faces of rockfill dams.","PeriodicalId":22024,"journal":{"name":"Stroitel stvo nauka i obrazovanie [Construction Science and Education]","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77841147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-30DOI: 10.22227/2305-5502.2019.2.7
Daria Duzhik, Anna Kozhnova
Introduction. Preservation of historical and cultural environment is one of the most important tasks nowadays. Nevertheless, a developing city requires the development of architectural and urban environment, which contributes to the emerging of modern objects in historical areas of the city, often discordant. The primary parameter that determines the degree of discordance is the excess of the average height of the building, as well as architectural and stylistic parameters, placement in the structure of the city, etc. The problem of general increase in number of storeys in historical core of the city requires studies, analysis and definition of some restrictions in order to preserve the integrity and authenticity of the historical and cultural environment. Materials and methods. The work is based on the study of contemporary foreign and domestic solution experience of the problem of modern architecture in the conditions of historical construction image. The initial data for the studies were the materials of the current Project of zones of protection of objects of cultural heritage of Ryazan, and project materials developed in 2017. On the basis of field survey and the analysis of photographic images of buildings in the development, the nature and complexity of the architectural composition. Results. In accordance with the current Project of protection zones the most typical examples of multi-storey buildings in the historical context were identified, a characteristic and an assessment of the degree of their discordance were given. Conclusions. The study was aimed to solve the problem of preserving the integrity and authenticity of the historical and cultural environment in the construction of modern multi-storey buildings. The emerging of new buildings in historical core is necessary and inevitable, so, some architectural and urban planning techniques were revealed to reduce the degree of discordance
{"title":"Modern high-rise architecture in terms of historical development of Ryazan","authors":"Daria Duzhik, Anna Kozhnova","doi":"10.22227/2305-5502.2019.2.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22227/2305-5502.2019.2.7","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Preservation of historical and cultural environment is one of the most important tasks nowadays. Nevertheless, a developing city requires the development of architectural and urban environment, which contributes to the emerging of modern objects in historical areas of the city, often discordant. The primary parameter that determines the degree of discordance is the excess of the average height of the building, as well as architectural and stylistic parameters, placement in the structure of the city, etc. The problem of general increase in number of storeys in historical core of the city requires studies, analysis and definition of some restrictions in order to preserve the integrity and authenticity of the historical and cultural environment.\u0000\u0000Materials and methods. The work is based on the study of contemporary foreign and domestic solution experience of the problem of modern architecture in the conditions of historical construction image. The initial data for the studies were the materials of the current Project of zones of protection of objects of cultural heritage of Ryazan, and project materials developed in 2017. On the basis of field survey and the analysis of photographic images of buildings in the development, the nature and complexity of the architectural composition.\u0000\u0000Results. In accordance with the current Project of protection zones the most typical examples of multi-storey buildings in the historical context were identified, a characteristic and an assessment of the degree of their discordance were given.\u0000\u0000Conclusions. The study was aimed to solve the problem of preserving the integrity and authenticity of the historical and cultural environment in the construction of modern multi-storey buildings. The emerging of new buildings in historical core is necessary and inevitable, so, some architectural and urban planning techniques were revealed to reduce the degree of discordance","PeriodicalId":22024,"journal":{"name":"Stroitel stvo nauka i obrazovanie [Construction Science and Education]","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78850797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-30DOI: 10.22227/2305-5502.2019.2.1
V. Utkin
Introduction. It is a drawback of the existing end-bearing pile design method for soil base bearing capacity that the latter is not taken into account in the assessment of the foundation soil action above the rock or a low-compression soil layer in all cases in accordance with the Building Code 24.13330.2011. However, taking into account the bearing capacity of this layer of the soil base in the load accommodation by the end-bearing pile (under recognition of the pile weight) could increase its calculated bearing capacity by the respective value of the soil base bearing capacity in combination with the soil support action under the pile’s lower end. The objective of the research is improving the trustworthiness of the calculation result of the bearing strength of end-bearing piles in the soil base, identifying the pile’s bearing strength reserve by taking in account the additional soil base bearing capacity due to the cohesive friction on the side surface of the pile. Materials and methods. The object of the research are piles of any applicable materials. The methods of calculation of the end-bearing piles are based on on cohesive friction values and their distribution along the pile length in a limit state calculation model in terms of the soil base bearing capacity. Results. The paper presents the equation of the ultimate compression load of the end-bearing pile in terms of the foundation base soil bearing capacity and the formula for the base soil bearing capacity reserve factor of the pile. The calculation of the pile bearing strength in terms of the material strength is referenced in the bibliography. Conclusions. A calculation method of end-bearing piles bearing strength was developed based both on the bearing capacity of soil base under the pile lower end and the additional soil bearing capacity along the flanks of the pile. The method could be applied also for calculations of the bearing strength of deep slot-type foundations. A quantitative assessment of the end-bearing pile on the design stage of a building with a pile foundation is given, prerequisite is made for further studies of the action of end-bearing piles and development of design codes for various piles in terms of material, type of support action, methods of immersion in the soil, etc.
{"title":"Bearing strength calculation of end-bearing piles under recognition of cohesive friction on the pile surface","authors":"V. Utkin","doi":"10.22227/2305-5502.2019.2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22227/2305-5502.2019.2.1","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. It is a drawback of the existing end-bearing pile design method for soil base bearing capacity that the latter is not taken into account in the assessment of the foundation soil action above the rock or a low-compression soil layer in all cases in accordance with the Building Code 24.13330.2011. However, taking into account the bearing capacity of this layer of the soil base in the load accommodation by the end-bearing pile (under recognition of the pile weight) could increase its calculated bearing capacity by the respective value of the soil base bearing capacity in combination with the soil support action under the pile’s lower end. The objective of the research is improving the trustworthiness of the calculation result of the bearing strength of end-bearing piles in the soil base, identifying the pile’s bearing strength reserve by taking in account the additional soil base bearing capacity due to the cohesive friction on the side surface of the pile.\u0000\u0000Materials and methods. The object of the research are piles of any applicable materials. The methods of calculation of the end-bearing piles are based on on cohesive friction values and their distribution along the pile length in a limit state calculation model in terms of the soil base bearing capacity.\u0000\u0000Results. The paper presents the equation of the ultimate compression load of the end-bearing pile in terms of the foundation base soil bearing capacity and the formula for the base soil bearing capacity reserve factor of the pile. The calculation of the pile bearing strength in terms of the material strength is referenced in the bibliography.\u0000\u0000Conclusions. A calculation method of end-bearing piles bearing strength was developed based both on the bearing capacity of soil base under the pile lower end and the additional soil bearing capacity along the flanks of the pile. The method could be applied also for calculations of the bearing strength of deep slot-type foundations. A quantitative assessment of the end-bearing pile on the design stage of a building with a pile foundation is given, prerequisite is made for further studies of the action of end-bearing piles and development of design codes for various piles in terms of material, type of support action, methods of immersion in the soil, etc.","PeriodicalId":22024,"journal":{"name":"Stroitel stvo nauka i obrazovanie [Construction Science and Education]","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77621811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-30DOI: 10.22227/2305-5502.2019.2.4
Y. Shelushinin, K. Makarov
Introduction. The method of scales distortion in physical modeling of wave processes is considered. Distortion of scales is applied in practice, but has an insufficient theoretical basis in relation to researching of the waves impact on hydraulic structures. Development of theoretical basis and practical recommendations for the conversion of model data at the construction site in hydraulic modeling with distortion of scale will allow exploring the extended constructions under the circumstances of laboratory with a limited size, and reduce the building costs of hydraulic models. The prospects of development and application of the method of the scales distortion of physical models have been estimated. Materials and methods. The available methods of the scales distortion of hydraulic models are considered. To estimate the errors arising from the scale distortion of the model, a mathematical modeling of the three typical sections at the coastal area of the sea, subjected to different degrees of the scale distortion has been performed. The parameters of waves in the water area were calculated using the regulatory methodology of the Russian Federation, followed by an analysis of changes in the wave situation caused by distortion of scale. Results. The estimation of existing mathematical apparatus, allowing to deviate from strictly geometric similarity of model and the full-scale object, was given. The parameters of waves on twelve mathematical models with different degrees of the scale distortion were obtained, allowing to explore the impact of method on the results obtained in the modeling. Conclusions. Usage of existing provisions on the scales distortion of hydraulic model at exploring of wave processes in the most cases leads to essential errors in results, or to their full discrepancy of reality. Affine transformations can serve as a basis for the development of the scales distortion on hydraulic models technique. Experimental research can play a crucial role in the development of methodology, estimating the errors and degree of permissible scale distortion. At the moment, without a validated procedure, it is recommended to make a preliminary analysis of refraction plans and wave transformation parameters for determining the degree of permissible scale distortion and estimating the errors that arise.
{"title":"Problems and prospects for hydraulic modeling of wave processes in the distorted scales","authors":"Y. Shelushinin, K. Makarov","doi":"10.22227/2305-5502.2019.2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22227/2305-5502.2019.2.4","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The method of scales distortion in physical modeling of wave processes is considered. Distortion of scales is applied in practice, but has an insufficient theoretical basis in relation to researching of the waves impact on hydraulic structures. Development of theoretical basis and practical recommendations for the conversion of model data at the construction site in hydraulic modeling with distortion of scale will allow exploring the extended constructions under the circumstances of laboratory with a limited size, and reduce the building costs of hydraulic models. The prospects of development and application of the method of the scales distortion of physical models have been estimated.\u0000\u0000Materials and methods. The available methods of the scales distortion of hydraulic models are considered. To estimate the errors arising from the scale distortion of the model, a mathematical modeling of the three typical sections at the coastal area of the sea, subjected to different degrees of the scale distortion has been performed. The parameters of waves in the water area were calculated using the regulatory methodology of the Russian Federation, followed by an analysis of changes in the wave situation caused by distortion of scale.\u0000\u0000Results. The estimation of existing mathematical apparatus, allowing to deviate from strictly geometric similarity of model and the full-scale object, was given. The parameters of waves on twelve mathematical models with different degrees of the scale distortion were obtained, allowing to explore the impact of method on the results obtained in the modeling.\u0000\u0000Conclusions. Usage of existing provisions on the scales distortion of hydraulic model at exploring of wave processes in the most cases leads to essential errors in results, or to their full discrepancy of reality. Affine transformations can serve as a basis for the development of the scales distortion on hydraulic models technique. Experimental research can play a crucial role in the development of methodology, estimating the errors and degree of permissible scale distortion. At the moment, without a validated procedure, it is recommended to make a preliminary analysis of refraction plans and wave transformation parameters for determining the degree of permissible scale distortion and estimating the errors that arise.","PeriodicalId":22024,"journal":{"name":"Stroitel stvo nauka i obrazovanie [Construction Science and Education]","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90149414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-31DOI: 10.22227/2305-5502.2019.1.6
Alexey K. Klochko, A. Klochko
Introduction. One of components of the required power of the ventilation and air conditioning system of the room during the warm and transitional periods there are heat gains from solar radiation therefore reliable determination of insolation coefficient of a vertical protection is important in engineering practice. Definition of heat gains from solar radiation is required also when calculating the power passport of the building which is carried out according to the regulation 50.13330.2012 Thermal protection of buildings. Revised edition Construction Norms and Regulations 23-02-2003. Object of this work research is the insolation coefficient for vertical glazing, heat gains from solar radiation during the warm and transitional periods of year. The purpose to develop recommendations about specification of insolation coefficient by graphic methods when calculating heat gains from solar radiation is set. Materials and methods. In work approaches graphic and analytical (trigonometrical dependences) used and also data of long-term observations of climatic parameters are applied. Results. The existing methods of definition of heat gains from solar radiation show high efficiency in practice of engineering calculations, however specification of value of insolation coefficient is required. Conclusions. When determining heat gains from solar radiation it is necessary to carry out after application of the existing methods of engineering calculations an inspection of true value of insolation coefficient for checkout time taking into account the area surrounding buildings and designs of the wall panel in which the window is installed.
{"title":"GRAPHIC METHOD ADVANTAGES OF DETERMINATION OF VERTICAL GLAZING INSOLATION COEFFICIENT","authors":"Alexey K. Klochko, A. Klochko","doi":"10.22227/2305-5502.2019.1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22227/2305-5502.2019.1.6","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. One of components of the required power of the ventilation and air conditioning system of the room during the warm and transitional periods there are heat gains from solar radiation therefore reliable determination of insolation coefficient of a vertical protection is important in engineering practice. Definition of heat gains from solar radiation is required also when calculating the power passport of the building which is carried out according to the regulation 50.13330.2012 Thermal protection of buildings. Revised edition Construction Norms and Regulations 23-02-2003. Object of this work research is the insolation coefficient for vertical glazing, heat gains from solar radiation during the warm and transitional periods of year. The purpose to develop recommendations about specification of insolation coefficient by graphic methods when calculating heat gains from solar radiation is set.\u0000\u0000Materials and methods. In work approaches graphic and analytical (trigonometrical dependences) used and also data of long-term observations of climatic parameters are applied.\u0000\u0000Results. The existing methods of definition of heat gains from solar radiation show high efficiency in practice of engineering calculations, however specification of value of insolation coefficient is required.\u0000\u0000Conclusions. When determining heat gains from solar radiation it is necessary to carry out after application of the existing methods of engineering calculations an inspection of true value of insolation coefficient for checkout time taking into account the area surrounding buildings and designs of the wall panel in which the window is installed.","PeriodicalId":22024,"journal":{"name":"Stroitel stvo nauka i obrazovanie [Construction Science and Education]","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82176611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-31DOI: 10.22227/2305-5502.2019.1.8
M. Sainov, Evgenii V. Korolev
Introduction. The system of higher education in Russia is in the state of permanent transformation. During the recent period the aim of transformations has been adapting professional educational programs to the demands of community of professionals. The result of these transformations is approval of updated federal state educational standards, which obtained abbreviation “FSES 3++”. The essence of the standards updating is in establishing rules of accounting professional standards at development of professional educational programs. Starting from 2019 the training of personnel for construction industry will be fulfilled in compliance with FSES 3++. The training content of graduates is determined by educational organizations in compliance with exemplary main educational programs (EMEP). The article describes the experience of Federal educational methodical association in the system of higher education in an enlarged group of specialties and areas of training 08.00.00 Engineering and construction technology for development of EMEP. Materials and methods. In order to ensure the uniformity of the requirements for education of graduates of different profiles and qualifications, it was decided to develop EMEP for each of the main directions (profiles) of educational programs. As part of the development of EMEP, a methodology for formulating professional competencies based on an analysis of the requirements of professional standards was proposed and applied. Formulation of indicators of achievements in competencies was carried out in the form of a description of labour actions. Results. To date several draft EMEPs have been worked out for different directions and levels of education. A proven methodology for development of EMEP is used to compile EMEP for other areas. Conclusions. The process of harmonizing the educational and professional standards will permit not only solving the problem of professional orientation of educational programs, but also in this regard the task of ensuring quality of graduates training required by employers. For this purpose, EMEP should be developed separately according to the directions of educational programs and establish mandatory professional competencies. Such an approach to the development of EMEP also ensures the achievement of unity of the educational system as one of the requirements of the Federal Law “On Education in the Russian Federation”.
{"title":"WORKING OUT OF MAIN EXEMPLARY EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS FOR BACHELORS, MASTERS AND SPECIALISTS IN THE FIELD OF CONSTRUCTION","authors":"M. Sainov, Evgenii V. Korolev","doi":"10.22227/2305-5502.2019.1.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22227/2305-5502.2019.1.8","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The system of higher education in Russia is in the state of permanent transformation. During the recent period the aim of transformations has been adapting professional educational programs to the demands of community of professionals. The result of these transformations is approval of updated federal state educational standards, which obtained abbreviation “FSES 3++”. The essence of the standards updating is in establishing rules of accounting professional standards at development of professional educational programs. Starting from 2019 the training of personnel for construction industry will be fulfilled in compliance with FSES 3++. The training content of graduates is determined by educational organizations in compliance with exemplary main educational programs (EMEP). The article describes the experience of Federal educational methodical association in the system of higher education in an enlarged group of specialties and areas of training 08.00.00 Engineering and construction technology for development of EMEP.\u0000\u0000Materials and methods. In order to ensure the uniformity of the requirements for education of graduates of different profiles and qualifications, it was decided to develop EMEP for each of the main directions (profiles) of educational programs. As part of the development of EMEP, a methodology for formulating professional competencies based on an analysis of the requirements of professional standards was proposed and applied. Formulation of indicators of achievements in competencies was carried out in the form of a description of labour actions.\u0000\u0000Results. To date several draft EMEPs have been worked out for different directions and levels of education. A proven methodology for development of EMEP is used to compile EMEP for other areas.\u0000\u0000Conclusions. The process of harmonizing the educational and professional standards will permit not only solving the problem of professional orientation of educational programs, but also in this regard the task of ensuring quality of graduates training required by employers. For this purpose, EMEP should be developed separately according to the directions of educational programs and establish mandatory professional competencies. Such an approach to the development of EMEP also ensures the achievement of unity of the educational system as one of the requirements of the Federal Law “On Education in the Russian Federation”.","PeriodicalId":22024,"journal":{"name":"Stroitel stvo nauka i obrazovanie [Construction Science and Education]","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89391756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-31DOI: 10.22227/2305-5502.2019.1.3
M. Sainov, A. Kirichenko
Introduction. Rockfill deformations are developed during long time. It is known that most intensive they are during construction period, but their increment continues also during operation period due to creep. Therefore, creep may affect the reinforced concrete face stress-strain state. Nevertheless, search for the scientific and technical information showed that the problem of creep impact on the face strength is poorly studied. Materials and methods. Studies of stress-strain state were conducted with the aid of numerical modeling by finite element method. They were carried out on the example of in-situ Toulnustouc dam, which deformations during the operation period are known by the results of field measurements. For simulation of the time-dependent dam, deformation increment process there was chosen a rheological model of soil and a technique was worked out for calculating the dam stress-strain state. At plotting the rheological model, the use was made of the simplest exponential relationship of time-dependent deformations. Results. The parameters of the rockfill model were determined by selection from condition of matching between the dam design displacements and the field data. For the considered dam, the rockfill creep has not resulted in cardinal changes in the reinforced concrete face stress-strain state. Conclusion. It was revealed that increase of the dam settlements due to creep has a favorable effect: they create additional compressive longitudinal force in the face.
{"title":"IMPACT OF DAM ROCKFILL CREEP ON REINFORCED CONCRETE FACE STRESS-STRAIN STATE","authors":"M. Sainov, A. Kirichenko","doi":"10.22227/2305-5502.2019.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22227/2305-5502.2019.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Rockfill deformations are developed during long time. It is known that most intensive they are during construction period, but their increment continues also during operation period due to creep. Therefore, creep may affect the reinforced concrete face stress-strain state. Nevertheless, search for the scientific and technical information showed that the problem of creep impact on the face strength is poorly studied.\u0000\u0000Materials and methods. Studies of stress-strain state were conducted with the aid of numerical modeling by finite element method. They were carried out on the example of in-situ Toulnustouc dam, which deformations during the operation period are known by the results of field measurements. For simulation of the time-dependent dam, deformation increment process there was chosen a rheological model of soil and a technique was worked out for calculating the dam stress-strain state. At plotting the rheological model, the use was made of the simplest exponential relationship of time-dependent deformations.\u0000\u0000Results. The parameters of the rockfill model were determined by selection from condition of matching between the dam design displacements and the field data. For the considered dam, the rockfill creep has not resulted in cardinal changes in the reinforced concrete face stress-strain state.\u0000\u0000Conclusion. It was revealed that increase of the dam settlements due to creep has a favorable effect: they create additional compressive longitudinal force in the face.","PeriodicalId":22024,"journal":{"name":"Stroitel stvo nauka i obrazovanie [Construction Science and Education]","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88595257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-31DOI: 10.22227/2305-5502.2019.1.2
O. Poddaeva, O. Egorychev, Zhanna I. Nagornova
Introduction. The article is devoted to the description of the method of experimental modeling of wind effects on buildings and structures located in dense urban areas. The relevance of the research topic is explained by the increase in the density of urban development in large cities, as well as the tendency to the point construction of high-rise buildings in areas with existing low-rise, historical buildings. Materials and methods. Experimental modeling in a wind tunnel is considered as a research method. Studies were conducted on a reduced geometrically similar model of the real object. As measuring equipment was used the research system, which based on differential strain-gauge pressure sensors. The results of experimental studies are presented in the form of dimensionless aerodynamic pressure coefficients. The object under study is a building consisting of three non-high-rise and one designed high-rise buildings. In order to assess the impact of the designed building on the wind load on the existing building structures, three different schemes of their location were considered. Results. Parameters of wind load (aerodynamic coefficients) on existing building structures were determined and exponential graphs of the dependence of the average values of the aerodynamic coefficients on the location of the height structure and the angle of attack of the incident air flow were constructed. Conclusions. The results of the research suggest a significant decrease in the average wind load on the buildings of the existing building when the high-rise building is located near it, which indicates the beneficial effect of this arrangement of buildings on the aerodynamic situation of the area in terms of wind load on the buildings themselves. Nevertheless, at the stage of development of project documentation for each such facility, it is recommended to conduct comprehensive studies, where, in addition to the wind load, the impact of the designed structures on the aeration and bioclimatic comfort of the development area will be assessed.
{"title":"INFLUENCE OF POINT HEIGHT CONSTRUCTION ON AERODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF EXISTING BUILDINGS","authors":"O. Poddaeva, O. Egorychev, Zhanna I. Nagornova","doi":"10.22227/2305-5502.2019.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22227/2305-5502.2019.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The article is devoted to the description of the method of experimental modeling of wind effects on buildings and structures located in dense urban areas. The relevance of the research topic is explained by the increase in the density of urban development in large cities, as well as the tendency to the point construction of high-rise buildings in areas with existing low-rise, historical buildings. Materials and methods. Experimental modeling in a wind tunnel is considered as a research method. Studies were conducted on a reduced geometrically similar model of the real object. As measuring equipment was used the research system, which based on differential strain-gauge pressure sensors. The results of experimental studies are presented in the form of dimensionless aerodynamic pressure coefficients. The object under study is a building consisting of three non-high-rise and one designed high-rise buildings. In order to assess the impact of the designed building on the wind load on the existing building structures, three different schemes of their location were considered. Results. Parameters of wind load (aerodynamic coefficients) on existing building structures were determined and exponential graphs of the dependence of the average values of the aerodynamic coefficients on the location of the height structure and the angle of attack of the incident air flow were constructed. Conclusions. The results of the research suggest a significant decrease in the average wind load on the buildings of the existing building when the high-rise building is located near it, which indicates the beneficial effect of this arrangement of buildings on the aerodynamic situation of the area in terms of wind load on the buildings themselves. Nevertheless, at the stage of development of project documentation for each such facility, it is recommended to conduct comprehensive studies, where, in addition to the wind load, the impact of the designed structures on the aeration and bioclimatic comfort of the development area will be assessed.","PeriodicalId":22024,"journal":{"name":"Stroitel stvo nauka i obrazovanie [Construction Science and Education]","volume":"106 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79355837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-31DOI: 10.22227/2305-5502.2019.1.5
Ilya M. Belenya
Introduction. The spatial and aesthetic requirements for the use of air purification architectural and construction technologies in the reconstruction of school buildings facades are considered. The relevance of the use of such innovative technologies is their use for educational buildings located in the immediate vicinity of roads of different categories, where the concentration of air pollutants from vehicles is high enough. The scientific novelty of the research iscontained in the study of psychophysiological conditions of perception of school buildings facades covered with air purification panels, depending on the methods and scale of the surrounding buildings. The purpose and objectives of the study. The purpose of the article is justification of the necessity and possibility of using innovative air purification panels in the reconstruction of school buildings facades. The attention is paid to the analysis of psychophysiological features of perception of objects located in the conditions of historically developed environment with various restrictions of planning structure. The interrelations and regularities in the perception ofair purification facade slabs with the change of visual impressions during movement were revealed. The possibilities of using micro — and large-relief facade structures depending on the height (number of floors) of the surrounding buildings are considered. Materials and methods. There were used graphic-analytical, field and computer simulation techniques in the use of innovative air pollution control boards of school buildings.Introduction. The spatial and aesthetic requirements for the use of air purification architectural and construction technologies in the reconstruction of school buildings facades are considered. The relevance of the use of such innovative technologies is their use for educational buildings located in the immediate vicinity of roads of different categories, where the concentration of air pollutants from vehicles is high enough. The scientific novelty of the research iscontained in the study of psychophysiological conditions of perception of school buildings facades covered with air purification panels, depending on the methods and scale of the surrounding buildings. The purpose and objectives of the study. The purpose of the article is justification of the necessity and possibility of using innovative air purification panels in the reconstruction of school buildings facades. The attention is paid to the analysis of psychophysiological features of perception of objects located in the conditions of historically developed environment with various restrictions of planning structure. The interrelations and regularities in the perception ofair purification facade slabs with the change of visual impressions during movement were revealed. The possibilities of using micro — and large-relief facade structures depending on the height (number of floors) of the surrounding buildings are considered. Materia
{"title":"TAKING INTO ACCOUNT PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL FACTORS WHEN RECONSTRUCTING -FACADES OF SCHOOLS WITH INNOVATIVE AIR-CLEANING PANELS","authors":"Ilya M. Belenya","doi":"10.22227/2305-5502.2019.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22227/2305-5502.2019.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The spatial and aesthetic requirements for the use of air purification architectural and construction technologies in the reconstruction of school buildings facades are considered. The relevance of the use of such innovative technologies is their use for educational buildings located in the immediate vicinity of roads of different categories, where the concentration of air pollutants from vehicles is high enough. The scientific novelty of the research iscontained in the study of psychophysiological conditions of perception of school buildings facades covered with air purification panels, depending on the methods and scale of the surrounding buildings.\u0000\u0000The purpose and objectives of the study. The purpose of the article is justification of the necessity and possibility of using innovative air purification panels in the reconstruction of school buildings facades. The attention is paid to the analysis of psychophysiological features of perception of objects located in the conditions of historically developed environment with various restrictions of planning structure. The interrelations and regularities in the perception ofair purification facade slabs with the change of visual impressions during movement were revealed. The possibilities of using micro — and large-relief facade structures depending on the height (number of floors) of the surrounding buildings are considered.\u0000\u0000Materials and methods. There were used graphic-analytical, field and computer simulation techniques in the use of innovative air pollution control boards of school buildings.Introduction. The spatial and aesthetic requirements for the use of air purification architectural and construction technologies in the reconstruction of school buildings facades are considered. The relevance of the use of such innovative technologies is their use for educational buildings located in the immediate vicinity of roads of different categories, where the concentration of air pollutants from vehicles is high enough. The scientific novelty of the research iscontained in the study of psychophysiological conditions of perception of school buildings facades covered with air purification panels, depending on the methods and scale of the surrounding buildings.\u0000\u0000The purpose and objectives of the study. The purpose of the article is justification of the necessity and possibility of using innovative air purification panels in the reconstruction of school buildings facades. The attention is paid to the analysis of psychophysiological features of perception of objects located in the conditions of historically developed environment with various restrictions of planning structure. The interrelations and regularities in the perception ofair purification facade slabs with the change of visual impressions during movement were revealed. The possibilities of using micro — and large-relief facade structures depending on the height (number of floors) of the surrounding buildings are considered. Materia","PeriodicalId":22024,"journal":{"name":"Stroitel stvo nauka i obrazovanie [Construction Science and Education]","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84775061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-31DOI: 10.22227/2305-5502.2019.1.7
N. A. Volkova
Introduction. Working time standardization based on typical standardization and practical application of standards by educational organizations has been analyzed; the structure of working time for teachers has been developed. The variety of types of work carried out by teaching staff, which, in turn, are morally outdated, and the lack of their typical standardization (with the exception of training activity) require a thorough approach to the issues of working time standardization for teaching staff. Materials and methods. The study has been performed on the basis of regulatory and legislative acts operating in the territory of the Russian Federation in the area of educational activities in terms of working time standardization for teachers, monitoring and desk research of local regulations issued by higher learning educational institutions, a local provision on an effective contract with teaching employees of NRU MGSU, the heuristic method for individual expert assessment of the heads of structural units from different levels of NRU MGSU, and the empirical method. Results. An integrated model and methodological approaches for effective planning of academic activities in sectoral higher education organizations within the framework of implementation of an effective contract in order to rationalize the labor costs of teaching staff are proposed. The improvement and optimization of the working time standardization for pedagogical workers afford opportunities to further develop the university and to solve its priority tasks. Conclusions. The integration model for the interaction between the teaching staff performance indicators and the types of pedagogical work during the implementation of an effective contract and methodological approaches to standardization make it possible to increase the efficiency of the work of teachers and the competitive power of the university.
{"title":"EFFECTIVE STANDARDIZATION OF ACADEMIC ACTIVITIES IN SECTORAL HIGHER EDUCATION ORGANIZATIONS","authors":"N. A. Volkova","doi":"10.22227/2305-5502.2019.1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22227/2305-5502.2019.1.7","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Working time standardization based on typical standardization and practical application of standards by educational organizations has been analyzed; the structure of working time for teachers has been developed. The variety of types of work carried out by teaching staff, which, in turn, are morally outdated, and the lack of their typical standardization (with the exception of training activity) require a thorough approach to the issues of working time standardization for teaching staff.\u0000\u0000Materials and methods. The study has been performed on the basis of regulatory and legislative acts operating in the territory of the Russian Federation in the area of educational activities in terms of working time standardization for teachers, monitoring and desk research of local regulations issued by higher learning educational institutions, a local provision on an effective contract with teaching employees of NRU MGSU, the heuristic method for individual expert assessment of the heads of structural units from different levels of NRU MGSU, and the empirical method.\u0000\u0000Results. An integrated model and methodological approaches for effective planning of academic activities in sectoral higher education organizations within the framework of implementation of an effective contract in order to rationalize the labor costs of teaching staff are proposed. The improvement and optimization of the working time standardization for pedagogical workers afford opportunities to further develop the university and to solve its priority tasks.\u0000\u0000Conclusions. The integration model for the interaction between the teaching staff performance indicators and the types of pedagogical work during the implementation of an effective contract and methodological approaches to standardization make it possible to increase the efficiency of the work of teachers and the competitive power of the university.","PeriodicalId":22024,"journal":{"name":"Stroitel stvo nauka i obrazovanie [Construction Science and Education]","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75075272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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