Surfaces and Interfaces最新文献_第3页

Synergistic reinforcement of PANI-SiC hybrids: A dual - functional waterborne intumescent epoxy coating for flame retardancy and corrosion protection 聚苯乙烯-碳化硅复合材料的协同增强：一种具有阻燃和防腐双重功能的水性膨胀型环氧涂料

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Surfaces and Interfaces

Pub Date : 2026-02-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.surfin.2026.108706

Yijie Jin, Shengpeng Zhan, Ao Chen, Tian Yang, Yang Yu, Jingqi Huang, Dan Jia, Haitao Duan

This research introduces an innovative waterborne intumescent epoxy coating (P-S-IEC) reinforced by in-situ polymerized polyaniline-silicon carbide (PANI-SiC) hybrids, which simultaneously achieves the dual functions of flame retardancy and corrosion protection. The PANI-SiC hybrids are chemically grafted, synergistically combining the thermal insulation properties of SiC nanosheets with the passivation and char-forming abilities of PANI. Large-scale combustion tests show that the P-S-IEC coating maintains its structural integrity even after being exposed to a 1200 °C flame for 120 min, with an impressively low backside temperature of 289 °C. This performance significantly surpasses that of control coatings containing either PANI or SiC alone. Electrochemical analysis further reveals its outstanding corrosion resistance: after immersion in a 3.5 % NaCl solution for 20 days, the charge transfer resistance (R_ct) remains as high as 7.43 × 10⁷ Ω·cm², and the corrosion current density is only 2.23 × 10⁻⁸ A/cm². The enhanced flame retardancy of the P-S-IEC coating can be attributed to the thermal insulation provided by SiC and the intumescent char expansion of PANI, which together form a stable three-dimensional carbon layer with reduced microporosity. Regarding corrosion protection, the coating benefits from the tortuous path effect of SiC, which hinders ion penetration, and the electrochemical passivation of the steel substrate induced by PANI. This study offers a scalable approach for developing multifunctional coatings that integrate passive shielding and active protection mechanisms. It effectively addresses key challenges in ensuring structural fire safety and long-term corrosion resistance for various industrial applications.

本研究介绍了一种新型的原位聚合聚苯胺-碳化硅（PANI-SiC）杂化增强水性膨胀型环氧涂料（P-S-IEC），该涂料同时具有阻燃和防腐双重功能。PANI-SiC杂化物通过化学接枝，将SiC纳米片的隔热性能与PANI的钝化和成炭能力协同结合。大规模燃烧试验表明，P-S-IEC涂层在1200°C火焰下暴露120分钟，背面温度低至289°C，仍能保持其结构完整性。这一性能明显优于仅含聚苯胺或SiC的对照涂层。电化学分析进一步揭示了其优异的耐腐蚀性：在3.5% NaCl溶液中浸泡20天后，电荷转移电阻（Rct）仍高达7.43 × 10⁷Ω·cm²，腐蚀电流密度仅为2.23 × 10⁻⁸a /cm²。P-S-IEC涂层的阻燃性增强可归因于SiC提供的隔热和PANI的膨胀焦膨胀，它们共同形成了稳定的三维碳层，微孔隙率降低。在防腐蚀方面，该涂层受益于SiC的扭曲路径效应，它阻碍了离子的渗透，以及PANI对钢基体的电化学钝化。该研究为开发集成被动屏蔽和主动保护机制的多功能涂层提供了一种可扩展的方法。它有效地解决了各种工业应用中确保结构防火安全和长期耐腐蚀性的关键挑战。

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引用次数: 0

Exploring the geometrical, electronic and optical properties of low-miller index surfaces of TiO₂ in anatase phase: A DFT study 锐钛矿相tio2低米勒指数表面的几何、电子和光学性质探讨：DFT研究

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Surfaces and Interfaces

Pub Date : 2026-02-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.surfin.2026.108708

Mostafa Torkashvand, Saeedeh Sarabadani Tafreshi

Titanium dioxide (TiO₂) is a widely studied semiconductor with diverse applications in photocatalysis, photovoltaics, and energy storage. However, a systematic understanding of how crystal phase and surface orientation affect its electronic and optical properties remains incomplete. This study addresses this gap by investigating the structural, electronic, and optical properties of TiO₂ polymorphs and low-index anatase surfaces using density functional theory (DFT).

We benchmarked anatase, rutile, and brookite phases using hybrid exchange-correlation functionals (B3LYP, PBE0, HSE06), and validated their electronic properties against experimental data. The HSE06 functional demonstrated superior accuracy in predicting band gaps and was therefore selected for surface calculations. Anatase, identified as the most photocatalytically active phase, was analyzed across seven low-Miller-index surfaces: (001), (010), (100), (101), (110), (011), and (111).

Surface energy calculations indicated that the (101) surface is thermodynamically the most stable. Band structure and density of states analyses revealed surface-dependent electronic properties, with band gaps ranging from 2.89 eV (111) to 3.40 eV (101). Optical properties, including absorption coefficient and dielectric response, also showed strong facet dependence. The (010) surface exhibited the highest absorption (∼6.9 × 10⁵ cm⁻¹ at 5.3 eV), while the (101) surface showed the highest extinction coefficient (∼1.25 at 4.3 eV).

This comprehensive analysis highlights the importance of surface orientation in modulating TiO₂ performance and provides atomistic insights for optimizing TiO₂-based materials in energy and photocatalytic applications.

二氧化钛（TiO 2）是一种被广泛研究的半导体，在光催化、光伏和储能方面有着广泛的应用。然而，晶体相和表面取向如何影响其电子和光学性质的系统理解仍然不完整。本研究通过使用密度泛函理论（DFT）研究TiO 2多晶和低指数锐钛矿表面的结构、电子和光学性质来解决这一空白。我们使用混合交换相关函数（B3LYP, PBE0, HSE06）对锐钛矿，金红石和板岩相进行了基准测试，并根据实验数据验证了它们的电子特性。HSE06函数在预测带隙方面表现出优异的准确性，因此被选择用于表面计算。锐钛矿被认为是最具光催化活性的相，在7个低米勒指数表面（001）、（010）、（100）、（101）、（110）、（011）和（111）上进行了分析。表面能计算表明（101）表面在热力学上最稳定。带结构和态密度分析揭示了表面相关的电子特性，带隙范围在2.89 eV（111）到3.40 eV（101）之间。光学性质，包括吸收系数和介电响应，也表现出很强的面依赖性。（010）表面的吸收系数最高（在5.3 eV时为~ 6.9 × 10 5 - cm⁻¹），而（101）表面的消光系数最高（在4.3 eV时为~ 1.25）。这项综合分析强调了表面取向在调节tio2性能中的重要性，并为优化tio2基材料在能源和光催化中的应用提供了原子性的见解。

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引用次数: 0

From pollutant removal to resource utilization: DFT design of 2D MOF electrocatalyst for efficient NORR 从污染物去除到资源利用：高效NORR的二维MOF电催化剂的DFT设计

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Surfaces and Interfaces

Pub Date : 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.surfin.2026.108699

Yahui Li , Xiaotao Liang , Yizhen Zhang , Liang Luo

In order to address the environmental hazards caused by NO pollutants, the electro-catalytic generation of NH₃ from NO not only achieves the removal of pollutants but also realizes the resource utilization and transformation of NO However, this reaction requires an efficient electrocatalyst to accelerate its reaction process. In this study, the NORR catalytic activity and the selectivity of the competing hydrogen evolution reaction of different transition metal-doped 2D MOF M_xCu_y-DBCO are calculated in detail through DFT calculations. By calculating the limiting potential (U_L), the results showed that Fe₁Cu₃-DBCO not only has the best catalytic activity (U_L = -0.08 V), but also has excellent NORR catalytic selectivity. Moreover, the electronic properties indicated that the change in the number of doped transition metals led to significant changes in charge, thereby altering the adsorption behavior of M_xCu_y-DBCO on the reaction intermediates and affecting the catalytic activity of NORR. This study not only designs efficient NORR electrocatalysts but also provides certain reference value for the design of efficient active centers.

为了解决NO污染物对环境造成的危害，由NO电催化生成NH3既实现了污染物的去除，又实现了NO的资源化利用和转化，但该反应需要高效的电催化剂来加速其反应过程。本研究通过DFT计算，详细计算了掺杂不同过渡金属的2D MOF MxCuy-DBCO的NORR催化活性和竞出氢反应的选择性。通过计算极限电位（UL），结果表明Fe1Cu3-DBCO不仅具有最佳的催化活性（UL = -0.08 V），而且具有优异的NORR选择性。此外，电子性质表明，掺杂过渡金属数量的变化导致电荷发生显著变化，从而改变了MxCuy-DBCO对反应中间体的吸附行为，影响了NORR的催化活性。本研究不仅设计了高效的NORR电催化剂，而且为高效活性中心的设计提供了一定的参考价值。

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引用次数: 0

Graphite decoration with copper nanodots: Influence of graphite pre-treatment and copper particle synthesis route 用铜纳米点装饰石墨：石墨预处理和铜粒子合成路线的影响

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Surfaces and Interfaces

Pub Date : 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.surfin.2026.108702

Charlotte Metral , Amélie Veillère , Catherine Debiemme-Chouvy , Angélique Wilson , Christine Labrugère-Sarroste , Jean-François Silvain

Metal matrix composites have proven to be promising materials in which carbonaceous materials, such as graphite, carbon fiber, diamond, graphene, or carbon nanotube, have been introduced as reinforcements due to their intrinsic properties. The dispersion of the carbon materials, more specifically for nanoscale ones, still remains a challenge to this day. The functionalization of carbon reinforcements is a way to help their dispersion in a metal matrix. In this work, graphite decorated with copper (Cu) nanodots is fabricated through a liquid or solid route. The surface of graphite was pre-treated with nitric acid, phosphoric acid or an ester phosphate (CP213, dispersing agent) prior to nanodot deposition. Two fabrication routes were investigated: the solid route based on thermal treatments of dendritic copper particles and graphite under controlled atmosphere (air then hydrogen), and the liquid route based on Cu(II) precipitation in solution in the presence of graphite. These synthesis techniques enable the control of the interface through the growth of Cu nanoparticles that are chemically bonded to the graphite. Depending on the graphite surface pre-treatment and on the technique used, the size and the surface density of the Cu nanodots vary. Via the solid route, the size of the nanodots is between 20 and 300 nm whereas the liquid route leads to Cu nanodots with a size distribution between 50 and 150 nm.

金属基复合材料已被证明是一种很有前途的材料，其中碳质材料，如石墨、碳纤维、金刚石、石墨烯或碳纳米管，由于其固有特性而被引入作为增强材料。碳材料的分散，特别是纳米级材料的分散，至今仍是一个挑战。碳增强材料的功能化是一种帮助其在金属基体中分散的方法。在这项工作中，用铜（Cu）纳米点装饰石墨是通过液体或固体途径制备的。在纳米点沉积之前，用硝酸、磷酸或磷酸酯（CP213，分散剂）对石墨表面进行预处理。研究了两种制备工艺：在可控气氛（空气+氢气）下对枝晶铜颗粒和石墨进行热处理的固相工艺和在有石墨存在的溶液中析出Cu（II）的液相工艺。这些合成技术可以通过生长与石墨化学键合的Cu纳米颗粒来控制界面。根据石墨表面预处理和所使用的技术，铜纳米点的尺寸和表面密度会有所不同。通过固体路径得到的纳米点的尺寸分布在20 ~ 300 nm之间，而液体路径得到的纳米点的尺寸分布在50 ~ 150 nm之间。

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引用次数: 0

Functionalized carbon derivative interconnected Bi₂S₃ composites for high-efficiency polymer solar cells and photo-detectors 用于高效聚合物太阳能电池和光电探测器的功能化碳衍生物互联Bi₂S₃复合材料

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Surfaces and Interfaces

Pub Date : 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.surfin.2026.108697

Hailiang Liu , Sajjad Hussain , Ghazanfar Nazir , Zulfqar Ali Sheikh , Jaewon Son , Abdullah A. Al-Kahtani , Hyun-Seok Kim , Jongwan Jung , Jungwon Kang , Dhanasekaran Vikraman

This study presents a functional investigation of bismuth sulfide (Bi₂S₃) encapsulated carbon derivatives such as carbon nanotubes (CNT) and graphene oxide (GO) based PBDB-T:PCBM polymer composites for high-performance organic photovoltaics and X-ray detection applications. This work demonstrated the insertion of Bi₂S₃@CNT composites with an optimized amount of loading (1.5 wt%), to achieve power conversion efficiency of 9.51±0.25% in polymer solar cells (PSC) and a superior sensitivity of 3.14±0.03 mA/Gy·cm² in X-ray detectors. The optimized Bi₂S₃@CNT compressed device exhibited broad spectral response (∼80% EQE in visible light), high short-circuit current density (16.8±0.1 mA/cm²) and balanced charge transport for the PSCs. X-ray detection studies explored the significantly improved sensitivity and dark current characteristics in the Bi₂S₃@CNT composed device compared to pure and Bi₂S₃@GO doped active materials. The enhanced performance procured from the synergistic combination of the excellent photon absorption properties of Bi₂S₃ and efficient low-dimensional charge transport pathways of carbon derivatives (CNT or GO), which collectively improve charge generation, separation, and collection while minimizing recombination losses. Further, the Bi₂S₃-based carbon derivative composites showed dual functionality, interfacial energy alignment, enriched charge transport and scalable processing, making it a strong candidate for future optoelectronic, energy conversion, and radiation detection technologies.

本研究提出了硫化铋（Bi₂S₃）封装碳衍生物的功能研究，如碳纳米管（CNT）和氧化石墨烯（GO）基PBDB-T:PCBM聚合物复合材料，用于高性能有机光伏和x射线检测应用。这项工作证明了在优化的负载量（1.5 wt%）下插入Bi₂S₃@CNT复合材料，在聚合物太阳能电池（PSC）中实现了9.51±0.25%的功率转换效率，在x射线探测器中实现了3.14±0.03 mA/Gy·cm²的优越灵敏度。优化后的Bi₂S₃@CNT压缩装置在可见光下具有广谱响应（约80% EQE）、高短路电流密度（16.8±0.1 mA/cm2）和平衡的电荷传输。x射线检测研究探索了与纯Bi₂S₃@GO掺杂活性材料相比，Bi₂S₃@CNT组成的器件的灵敏度和暗电流特性显著提高。增强的性能来自于Bi₂S₃优异的光子吸收特性和碳衍生物（CNT或GO）高效的低维电荷传输途径的协同结合，它们共同改善了电荷的产生、分离和收集，同时最大限度地减少了复合损失。此外，基于Bi₂S₃的碳衍生物复合材料具有双重功能，界面能排列，富集电荷输输和可扩展处理，使其成为未来光电，能量转换和辐射检测技术的强有力候选材料。

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引用次数: 0

Surface functionalization and exfoliation of hBN nanopowders by oxidation and SDS treatment 氧化和SDS处理下hBN纳米粉体的表面功能化和剥离

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Surfaces and Interfaces

Pub Date : 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.surfin.2026.108703

Zuhal Yılmaz , Benan Elmusa , Nuran Ay

This study comparatively investigates the structural changes and exfoliation behaviour of hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) by two methods: oxidation and a modification process involving the surfactant sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS). The thermal oxidation of hBN at 1000°C in an air atmosphere introduces oxygen-containing functional groups (B-O and -OH) into the hBN lattice, as confirmed by FTIR spectra showing new bands at around 1195 and 3200 cm⁻¹. Oxygen functional groups reduced the interlayer van der Waals interactions, leading to enhancing the delamination process. Using SDS in an isopropyl alcohol-water suspension facilitated further exfoliation through electrostatic repulsion and surface stabilization. XRD analyzes revealed a decrease in the (002) peak intensity, indicating an increase in interlayer spacing. Raman spectra exhibited broadened full-width at half maximum (FWHM) values reflecting structural disorder and decreased stacking order. UV-Vis spectra exhibited enhanced absorption in the UV region, attributed to defect-induced electronic transitions. The results indicate that the use of SDS after oxidation effectively promotes exfoliation while preserving the basic hexagonal structure of hBN, resulting in improved dispersibility and enhanced functional surface activity.

采用氧化和表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠改性两种方法，对六方氮化硼（hBN）的结构变化和剥离行为进行了比较研究。hBN在空气中1000°C的热氧化将含氧官能团（B-O和-OH）引入hBN晶格，FTIR光谱证实在1195和3200 cm左右出现新的波段。氧官能团减少了层间的范德华相互作用，从而增强了分层过程。在异丙醇-水悬浮液中使用SDS，通过静电斥力和表面稳定促进进一步剥离。XRD分析表明（002）峰强度减小，表明层间距增大。拉曼光谱表现为半最大值全宽变宽，反映了结构的无序性和堆积顺序的降低。紫外可见光谱在紫外区表现出增强的吸收，归因于缺陷诱导的电子跃迁。结果表明，氧化后的SDS在保持hBN基本六边形结构的同时，有效地促进了hBN的剥离，从而改善了分散性，增强了表面功能活性。

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引用次数: 0

Cobalt-embedded Ti₂NTx MXene frameworks with enhanced electrochemical, electrical, and anticorrosion performance 钴包埋Ti₂NTx MXene框架具有增强的电化学，电气和防腐性能

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Surfaces and Interfaces

Pub Date : 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.surfin.2026.108698

Sanketa Jena, Bibhu P. Swain

Hybrid manufacturing, nanoscale structural design, and novel materials—particularly 2D nitride Mxenes have opened new avenues for advanced energy storage, with electrochemical properties tunable via heteroatom doping or defect engineering. In this study, cobalt-decorated Ti₂NTₓ MXene (Co @ Ti₂NTₓ) was synthesized through a two-step NaF/HCl etching of Ti₂AlN, followed by hydrazine-assisted reduction. SEM and TEM analyses revealed ultrathin, layered MXene nanosheets uniformly embedded with Co nanoparticles. XRD confirmed successful Al removal and Co incorporation without secondary Co phases, while peak shifts indicated lattice strain. The Co @ Ti₂NTₓ (1 mM) exhibited a high BET surface area of 181.4 m²/g, twice that of pristine Ti₂NTₓ, along with enhanced porosity. XPS spectra showed dominant Ti–N, Co–Ti, and Co–O bonds, and Raman and PL studies revealed defect-induced phonon shifts and emission suppression at higher Co loading. Electrical measurements demonstrated reduced resistivity (0.68 × 10⁻⁴ Ω·m at 0.2 mM Co) and Ohmic behaviour up to 1 mM. Electrochemical testing showed enhanced specific capacitance of 149.16 F/g in 0.8mM Co @ Ti₂NTₓ MXene at 0.1 Ag^-1. Corrosion resistance improved markedly, as evidenced by decreased I_corr and elevated E_corr in 1M H₂SO₄. These results position Co @ Ti₂NTₓ as a promising multifunctional nanomaterial for high-performance energy storage and corrosion-resistant applications.

混合制造、纳米级结构设计和新型材料（特别是二维氮化物Mxenes）为先进的能量存储开辟了新的途径，其电化学性能可通过杂原子掺杂或缺陷工程进行调整。在本研究中，通过NaF/HCl两步蚀刻Ti₂AlN，然后进行肼辅助还原，合成了钴修饰Ti₂NTₓMXene （Co @ Ti₂NTₓ）。SEM和TEM分析显示，超薄的层状MXene纳米片均匀地嵌入了Co纳米颗粒。XRD证实Al去除成功，Co掺入无二次Co相，峰移表明晶格应变。Co @ Ti₂NTₓ（1 mM）的BET表面积高达181.4 m²/g，是原始Ti₂NTₓ的两倍，孔隙率也有所提高。XPS光谱显示主要的Ti-N， Co - ti和Co - o键，拉曼和PL研究显示在高Co负载下缺陷引起的声子位移和发射抑制。电测量显示电阻率降低（0.68 × 10⁻⁴Ω·m在0.2 mM Co）和欧姆行为高达1 mM。电化学测试显示，在0.1 Ag-1的0.8mM Co @ Ti₂NTₓMXene中增强了149.16 F/g的比电容。在1M H₂SO₄中，Icorr降低，Ecorr升高，显著提高了耐蚀性。这些结果表明Co @ Ti₂NTₓ是一种有前途的多功能纳米材料，可用于高性能储能和耐腐蚀应用。

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引用次数: 0

Temperature-dependent oxidation behavior and interfacial diffusion dynamics of multilayered silicide coating on Nb521 alloy (1200-1500 °C) Nb521合金多层硅化物涂层的温度依赖氧化行为和界面扩散动力学（1200 ~ 1500℃）

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Surfaces and Interfaces

Pub Date : 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.surfin.2026.108689

Hao Jiang , Yanqiang Qiao , Weiping Zhang , Xiping Guo , Jiachen Gao , Longfei Li , Xi Nan

A multilayered ((Nb,Cr,Ti)Si₂+Cr₄Nb₂Si₅)/NbSi₂ composite coating was fabricated on Nb521 alloy via slurry sintering. The oxidation behavior of the coating was systematically investigated over the temperature range of 1200–1500 °C. The results indicated that the outward diffusion of Cr is dominant in the early stage of oxidation, leading to the formation of Cr₂O₃ as the primary oxidation product with minor SiO₂. During the later oxidation stage, Si outward diffusion becomes predominant, resulting in SiO₂ and TiO₂ as the main oxidation products. At 1200 °C and 1300 °C, the scale is prone to peeling off due to the slow formation rate and poor fluidity of SiO₂. In contrast, at 1400–1500 °C, the enhanced fluidity of SiO₂ enables effective sealing of pores and cracks, resulting in superior oxidation resistance of the coating. As the temperature increased, the degradation of the (Nb,Cr,Ti)Si₂, Cr₄Nb₂Si₅, and NbSi₂ phases in the coating was accelerated, driven by the outward diffusion of Si and Cr as well as the inward Si diffusion into the substrate. The growth kinetics of the interdiffusion zone (IDZ) followed a parabolic law, and the activation energy (Eₐ) for Nb₅Si₃ layer was calculated as 222.82 kJ/mol.

采用浆料烧结方法在Nb521合金表面制备了多层((Nb,Cr,Ti)Si2+Cr4Nb2Si5)/NbSi2复合镀层。在1200 ~ 1500℃的温度范围内系统地研究了涂层的氧化行为。结果表明：在氧化初期Cr以向外扩散为主，形成Cr2O3为主要氧化产物，SiO2为次要氧化产物；氧化后期以Si向外扩散为主，氧化产物主要为SiO2和TiO2。在1200℃和1300℃时，由于SiO2的形成速度慢，流动性差，垢体容易剥落。相比之下，在1400-1500℃时，SiO2的流动性增强，可以有效地密封孔隙和裂缝，从而使涂层具有优异的抗氧化性。随着温度的升高，涂层中（Nb,Cr,Ti）Si2、Cr4Nb2Si5和NbSi2相的降解速度加快，主要是由Si和Cr向外扩散和Si向内扩散驱动。扩散区（IDZ）的生长动力学遵循抛物线规律，计算得到Nb5Si3层的活化能E = 222.82 kJ/mol。

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引用次数: 0

Application of sodium-active Cu₁₋ₓNaₓInS₂ nanoparticles for the design of PMMA-based composite gel polymer electrolyte 钠活性Cu₁₁ₓNaₓInS₂纳米颗粒在pmma基复合凝胶聚合物电解质设计中的应用

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Surfaces and Interfaces

Pub Date : 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.surfin.2026.108687

Rajendra Singh Nagar , Ranjan Kr. Giri , Maitri Patel , Anji Reddy Polu , Ashwani Kumar , Jehova Jire L. Hmar , Kuldeep Mishra , Deepak Kumar

Active inorganic fillers that participate in ionic transport can significantly enhance the performance of polymer electrolytes. In this work, novel sodium-active Cu_1-xNa_xInS₂ nanoparticles are dispersed in a gel polymer electrolyte comprising poly(methyl methacrylate), i.e., PMMA polymer, sodium triflate (NaTf) salt, and non-flammable tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether (TEGDME) solvent. The freestanding and flexible membranes are fabricated via the solution casting method. The comparative electrochemical and structural behavior of the membranes is examined through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), cyclic voltammetry, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transformed infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The optimized electrolyte with Cu_1-xNa_xInS₂ (x = 0.15) demonstrates the highest conductivity of ∼0.24 mS cm^−1, higher than that of the undispersed one with conductivity ∼0.14 mS cm⁻¹ at 30°C, with a significant electrochemical stability range of ∼ 4 V. The obtained characteristics including enhancement in the conductivity arises from improved salt dissociation, faster polymer segmental mobility, and the intrinsic Na⁺ conductivity of the fillers. These results reveal a rational design strategy for highly conductive and stable composite gel polymer electrolyte for next-generation sodium based energy storage devices.

参与离子传递的活性无机填料可以显著提高聚合物电解质的性能。在这项工作中，新型钠活性Cu1-xNaxInS2纳米颗粒分散在凝胶聚合物电解质中，该电解质由聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（即PMMA聚合物）、三氟化钠（NaTf）盐和不易燃的四乙二醇二甲醚（TEGDME）溶剂组成。采用溶液浇铸法制备了独立膜和柔性膜。通过电化学阻抗谱（EIS）、循环伏安法、x射线衍射（XRD）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和差示扫描量热法（DSC）对膜的电化学和结构行为进行了比较研究。Cu1-xNaxInS2 （x = 0.15）优化后的电解质在30°C时的电导率最高，为~ 0.24 mS cm - 1，高于未分散的电导率为~ 0.14 mS cm - 1的电解质，电化学稳定性范围为~ 4 V。所获得的特性包括电导率的增强，这是由于盐解离的改善、聚合物片段迁移速度的加快以及填料的固有Na⁺的电导率。这些结果揭示了用于下一代钠基储能器件的高导电性和稳定性复合凝胶聚合物电解质的合理设计策略。

{"title":"Application of sodium-active Cu₁₋ₓNaₓInS₂ nanoparticles for the design of PMMA-based composite gel polymer electrolyte","authors":"Rajendra Singh Nagar , Ranjan Kr. Giri , Maitri Patel , Anji Reddy Polu , Ashwani Kumar , Jehova Jire L. Hmar , Kuldeep Mishra , Deepak Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.surfin.2026.108687","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfin.2026.108687","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Active inorganic fillers that participate in ionic transport can significantly enhance the performance of polymer electrolytes. In this work, novel sodium-active Cu<sub>1-x</sub>Na<sub>x</sub>InS<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles are dispersed in a gel polymer electrolyte comprising poly(methyl methacrylate), i.e., PMMA polymer, sodium triflate (NaTf) salt, and non-flammable tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether (TEGDME) solvent. The freestanding and flexible membranes are fabricated via the solution casting method. The comparative electrochemical and structural behavior of the membranes is examined through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), cyclic voltammetry, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transformed infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The optimized electrolyte with Cu<sub>1-x</sub>Na<sub>x</sub>InS<sub>2</sub> (x = 0.15) demonstrates the highest conductivity of ∼0.24 mS cm<sup>−1,</sup> higher than that of the undispersed one with conductivity ∼0.14 mS cm<sup>−1</sup> at 30°C, with a significant electrochemical stability range of ∼ 4 V. The obtained characteristics including enhancement in the conductivity arises from improved salt dissociation, faster polymer segmental mobility, and the intrinsic Na⁺ conductivity of the fillers. These results reveal a rational design strategy for highly conductive and stable composite gel polymer electrolyte for next-generation sodium based energy storage devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22081,"journal":{"name":"Surfaces and Interfaces","volume":"85 ","pages":"Article 108687"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146192008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of cold spraying parameters on the microstructure and properties of CoCrFeNiAl high-entropy alloy reinforced Cu matrix coatings 冷喷涂参数对CoCrFeNiAl高熵合金增强Cu基涂层组织和性能的影响

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Surfaces and Interfaces

Pub Date : 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.surfin.2026.108690

Weiwei Li , Wenzhuang Lu , Na Xue , Chenxiao Wang , Binhao Jiang , Siyu Liu , Yuanzhi Ling , Liu Zhu , Ling Shao

This study fabricated CoCrFeNiAl high-entropy alloy (HEA) reinforced Cu-based coatings on 6061-T6 Al alloy via cold spray. The phase composition, microstructure, and mechanical properties were systematically characterized by employing X-ray diffraction, a 3D profilometer, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and universal mechanical testing. Results showed that increasing the gas pressure and temperature enhanced coating densification, leading to greater thickness, reduced porosity, and a smoother surface. This improved both hardness and shear strength. Optimal parameters (5.5 MPa, 800 °C) yielded a hardness of 159.4 HV0.1 and a shear strength of 109.8 MPa. Microscopy revealed that Cu particles deformed into flattened splats, whereas HEA particles largely retained their spherical shape due to lattice distortion. About 1 μm thick diffusion layer was observed at the interfaces between HEA particle and Al alloy substrate, HEA particle and Cu particle, and Cu particle and Al alloy substrate, indicating metallurgical bonding. Fracture analysis confirmed stronger interfacial cohesion under higher parameters, evidenced by increased Al adhered to the coating fracture surfaces.

采用冷喷涂的方法在6061-T6铝合金表面制备了CoCrFeNiAl高熵合金（HEA）增强cu基涂层。采用x射线衍射、三维轮廓仪、扫描电子显微镜、能量色散光谱和通用力学测试等方法对材料的相组成、微观结构和力学性能进行了系统表征。结果表明，提高气体压力和温度可以增强涂层致密化，导致涂层厚度增加，孔隙率降低，表面更光滑。这提高了硬度和抗剪强度。最佳参数（5.5 MPa, 800℃）的硬度为159.4 HV0.1，抗剪强度为109.8 MPa。显微镜显示，Cu颗粒变形成扁平的片状，而HEA颗粒由于晶格畸变而基本保持其球形。在HEA颗粒与Al合金基体、HEA颗粒与Cu颗粒、Cu颗粒与Al合金基体之间的界面上观察到约1 μm厚的扩散层，表明HEA颗粒与Al合金基体之间存在冶金结合。断口分析证实，在较高的参数下，涂层断口表面Al的粘附量增加，界面内聚力增强。

{"title":"Effects of cold spraying parameters on the microstructure and properties of CoCrFeNiAl high-entropy alloy reinforced Cu matrix coatings","authors":"Weiwei Li , Wenzhuang Lu , Na Xue , Chenxiao Wang , Binhao Jiang , Siyu Liu , Yuanzhi Ling , Liu Zhu , Ling Shao","doi":"10.1016/j.surfin.2026.108690","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfin.2026.108690","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study fabricated CoCrFeNiAl high-entropy alloy (HEA) reinforced Cu-based coatings on 6061-T6 Al alloy via cold spray. The phase composition, microstructure, and mechanical properties were systematically characterized by employing X-ray diffraction, a 3D profilometer, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and universal mechanical testing. Results showed that increasing the gas pressure and temperature enhanced coating densification, leading to greater thickness, reduced porosity, and a smoother surface. This improved both hardness and shear strength. Optimal parameters (5.5 MPa, 800 °C) yielded a hardness of 159.4 HV0.1 and a shear strength of 109.8 MPa. Microscopy revealed that Cu particles deformed into flattened splats, whereas HEA particles largely retained their spherical shape due to lattice distortion. About 1 μm thick diffusion layer was observed at the interfaces between HEA particle and Al alloy substrate, HEA particle and Cu particle, and Cu particle and Al alloy substrate, indicating metallurgical bonding. Fracture analysis confirmed stronger interfacial cohesion under higher parameters, evidenced by increased Al adhered to the coating fracture surfaces.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22081,"journal":{"name":"Surfaces and Interfaces","volume":"85 ","pages":"Article 108690"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146192058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0