Abstract Palm oil decanter cake and crude glycerol, which are characterized by their highly biodegradable organic content and nutrient-rich composition, are attractive ingredients for biohydrogen production. In this experiment, we investigated (1) how to produce hydrogen more effectively by co-fermenting palm oil decanter cake and crude glycerol and (2) how to improve the quality of the hydrogen gas produced via chemical absorption technology. This study was divided into two parts. In the first part, the co-fermentation was conducted with a fixed decanter cake concentration of 1% total solids (TS) w/v and variable crude glycerol concentrations (0.25–2.0% w/v). The results showed that maximum biohydrogen production was achieved with 2.0% w/v crude glycerol, which had a hydrogen yield of 131 L kg −1 TS added and a hydrogen productivity of 1310 mL L −1 d −1 . In the second part of the experiment, biohydrogen purification was conducted using the chemical absorption technique by varying four different alkaline solutions: mono ethanolamine (MEA), ammonia (NH 3 ), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), and potassium hydroxide (KOH). The highest hydrogen purity of 98.9% v/v was reached with the MEA solution at a 5 M concentration and a 280 mL min −1 feed mixed gas flow rate for an absorption time of 5 min. However, to achieve sustainable waste management in palm oil mill plants, the feasibility of integrating the biohydrogen production process with palm oil mill effluent from the biogas plants and applying a hydrogen gas quality improvement system need to be investigated further.
棕榈油醒酒器蛋糕和粗甘油具有高度可生物降解的有机含量和丰富的营养成分，是有吸引力的生物制氢原料。在本实验中，我们研究了(1)如何通过棕榈油醒酒器饼和粗甘油共发酵更有效地产生氢气(2)如何通过化学吸收技术提高产生氢气的质量。本研究分为两部分。在第一部分中，在固定的醒酒器饼浓度为1%总固体(TS) w/v和可变的粗甘油浓度(0.25-2.0% w/v)下进行共发酵。结果表明，当粗甘油浓度为2.0% w/v时，产氢量为131 L kg−1 TS，产氢率为1310 mL L−1 d−1。在实验的第二部分，采用化学吸收技术对四种不同的碱性溶液:单乙醇胺(MEA)、氨(nh3)、氢氧化钠(NaOH)和氢氧化钾(KOH)进行生物氢净化。当MEA溶液浓度为5 M，进料混合气流速为280 mL，吸收时间为5 min时，氢气纯度最高，为98.9% v/v。然而，为了实现棕榈油加工厂的可持续废物管理，需要进一步研究将生物制氢工艺与棕榈油加工厂排出的废水相结合的可行性，并应用氢气质量改善系统。
{"title":"Optimization for biohydrogen purification process by chemical absorption techniques","authors":"Wichayaporn Chusut, Suwimon Kanchanasuta, Duangrat Inthorn","doi":"10.1186/s42834-023-00196-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42834-023-00196-5","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Palm oil decanter cake and crude glycerol, which are characterized by their highly biodegradable organic content and nutrient-rich composition, are attractive ingredients for biohydrogen production. In this experiment, we investigated (1) how to produce hydrogen more effectively by co-fermenting palm oil decanter cake and crude glycerol and (2) how to improve the quality of the hydrogen gas produced via chemical absorption technology. This study was divided into two parts. In the first part, the co-fermentation was conducted with a fixed decanter cake concentration of 1% total solids (TS) w/v and variable crude glycerol concentrations (0.25–2.0% w/v). The results showed that maximum biohydrogen production was achieved with 2.0% w/v crude glycerol, which had a hydrogen yield of 131 L kg −1 TS added and a hydrogen productivity of 1310 mL L −1 d −1 . In the second part of the experiment, biohydrogen purification was conducted using the chemical absorption technique by varying four different alkaline solutions: mono ethanolamine (MEA), ammonia (NH 3 ), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), and potassium hydroxide (KOH). The highest hydrogen purity of 98.9% v/v was reached with the MEA solution at a 5 M concentration and a 280 mL min −1 feed mixed gas flow rate for an absorption time of 5 min. However, to achieve sustainable waste management in palm oil mill plants, the feasibility of integrating the biohydrogen production process with palm oil mill effluent from the biogas plants and applying a hydrogen gas quality improvement system need to be investigated further.","PeriodicalId":22130,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Environment Research","volume":"42 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135855606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-09DOI: 10.1186/s42834-023-00195-6
Geoffrey Ssepuuya, Elsie Nsiyona, Moses Kakungulu, Jane Frances Alowo, Paul Nampala
Abstract Solid waste management is a major challenge in sub-Saharan Africa in general and its food waste component is high and increasing with the rapidly increasing population. Survey data (class p1) collected from households, hotels, restaurants, schools and produce markets were analysed using descriptive and logistic regression analyses for insights into the types and amounts of food waste, and respondents’ attitudes and practices towards its collection, disposal and alternative uses. Households produce the highest amounts of food waste compared to institutions (hotels, schools and restaurants) and produce markets. In a week, about 96, 72, and 93% of all the respondents in households, institutions and produce markets respectively experienced food waste at least one to three times. On average, with a solid waste collection coverage of 45%, households, institutions and markets in Kampala can respectively supply 680, 80, and 8 t of food waste daily. Moulding, poor food storage, food leftovers, food expiry and excess food produce were the major reasons for condemning food to waste. Over 90% of the respondents recognized food waste as a problem, and as a resource especially for use in livestock feed production, and were willing to consume house crickets raised on feed from food waste. Lower levels of education (none, primary and secondary levels), unemployment, and being divorced at household level were positively associated with recognizing food waste as a resource [X 2 (21, N = 209) = 137.77, p = < 0.0001] and re-use for alternative purposes [X 2 (21, N = 209) = 47.44, p = 0.001] by households and institutions [X 2 (14, N = 92) = 30.97, p = < 0.019]. Majority of the respondents were willing to donate food waste, especially married people and institutions that have been in existence for a period of 5–10 years.
固体废物管理是撒哈拉以南非洲地区的一个主要挑战，其食物废物成分很高，并且随着人口的快速增长而增加。从家庭、酒店、餐馆、学校和农产品市场收集的调查数据(p1类)使用描述性和逻辑回归分析来分析食物浪费的类型和数量，以及受访者对其收集、处置和替代用途的态度和做法。与机构(酒店、学校和餐馆)和农产品市场相比，家庭产生的食物浪费最多。在一周内，约有96%的家庭受访者、72%的机构受访者和93%的农产品市场受访者分别经历了至少一至三次的食物浪费。平均而言，坎帕拉的固体废物收集覆盖率为45%，家庭、机构和市场每天分别可以提供680吨、80吨和8吨食物垃圾。霉变、食物储存不良、食物剩菜、食物过期和食物生产过剩是导致食物浪费的主要原因。超过90%的受访者认为食物垃圾是一个问题，并且是一种特别用于牲畜饲料生产的资源，并且愿意食用用食物垃圾饲料饲养的蟋蟀。较低的教育水平(小学和中学水平)、失业和家庭离异与将食物浪费视为一种资源呈正相关[X 2 (21, N = 209) = 137.77, p = <0.0001]和家庭和机构的替代用途再利用[x2 (21, N = 209) = 47.44, p = 0.001] [x2 (14, N = 92) = 30.97, p = <0.019]。大多数受访者愿意捐赠食物垃圾，尤其是已婚人士和已经存在5-10年的机构。
{"title":"Food waste supply and behaviour towards its alternative uses in Kampala city, Uganda","authors":"Geoffrey Ssepuuya, Elsie Nsiyona, Moses Kakungulu, Jane Frances Alowo, Paul Nampala","doi":"10.1186/s42834-023-00195-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42834-023-00195-6","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Solid waste management is a major challenge in sub-Saharan Africa in general and its food waste component is high and increasing with the rapidly increasing population. Survey data (class p1) collected from households, hotels, restaurants, schools and produce markets were analysed using descriptive and logistic regression analyses for insights into the types and amounts of food waste, and respondents’ attitudes and practices towards its collection, disposal and alternative uses. Households produce the highest amounts of food waste compared to institutions (hotels, schools and restaurants) and produce markets. In a week, about 96, 72, and 93% of all the respondents in households, institutions and produce markets respectively experienced food waste at least one to three times. On average, with a solid waste collection coverage of 45%, households, institutions and markets in Kampala can respectively supply 680, 80, and 8 t of food waste daily. Moulding, poor food storage, food leftovers, food expiry and excess food produce were the major reasons for condemning food to waste. Over 90% of the respondents recognized food waste as a problem, and as a resource especially for use in livestock feed production, and were willing to consume house crickets raised on feed from food waste. Lower levels of education (none, primary and secondary levels), unemployment, and being divorced at household level were positively associated with recognizing food waste as a resource [X 2 (21, N = 209) = 137.77, p = < 0.0001] and re-use for alternative purposes [X 2 (21, N = 209) = 47.44, p = 0.001] by households and institutions [X 2 (14, N = 92) = 30.97, p = < 0.019]. Majority of the respondents were willing to donate food waste, especially married people and institutions that have been in existence for a period of 5–10 years.","PeriodicalId":22130,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Environment Research","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135142071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-06DOI: 10.1186/s42834-023-00194-7
Dexter Leong, Hao-Bin Chen, Gen-Shuh Wang
Abstract The applications of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) for controlling microcontaminants are essential to meet the water quality criteria for potable or nonpotable water reuses. The objective of this study is to demonstrate the application of light emitting diode (LED) as a possible light source to substitute traditional low-pressure mercury lamp (LPUV) in UV/H 2 O 2 processes in treating precursors of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) and pharmaceutical and personals care products (PPCPs) in wastewater. The results of this study revealed that UV fluence plays the most crucial role in the efficiency of UV/H 2 O 2 . At the same time, the initial concentration of H 2 O 2 , dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and turbidity had minimal effects, except that poor efficiency result of UV/H 2 O 2 was observed at a solution with low DOC concentration (2.4 mg L −1 ). Although the concentrations of organic matter decreased after UV/H 2 O 2 treatment, the concentration of precursors of DBPs increased in the early stage of the photolysis process and decreased after that; moreover, the profiles of precursors for trihalomethanes and haloacetic acids were different. A comparison between LPUV and UVC-LED as light sources revealed that, at a fixed UV fluence input into the UV/H 2 O 2 process, the trends and efficiencies in the degradation of organic matter and DBP precursors were similar. Meanwhile, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of UVC-LED should be improved for future applications in water treatment. Based on the UV/H 2 O 2 treatment results on synthetic PPCPs wastewater solution, this study showed the effectiveness of UV/H 2 O 2 to degrade micro organic contaminants.
{"title":"Application of UVC-LED/H2O2 in wastewater treatments: treatment efficacy on disinfection byproduct precursors and micropollutants","authors":"Dexter Leong, Hao-Bin Chen, Gen-Shuh Wang","doi":"10.1186/s42834-023-00194-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42834-023-00194-7","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The applications of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) for controlling microcontaminants are essential to meet the water quality criteria for potable or nonpotable water reuses. The objective of this study is to demonstrate the application of light emitting diode (LED) as a possible light source to substitute traditional low-pressure mercury lamp (LPUV) in UV/H 2 O 2 processes in treating precursors of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) and pharmaceutical and personals care products (PPCPs) in wastewater. The results of this study revealed that UV fluence plays the most crucial role in the efficiency of UV/H 2 O 2 . At the same time, the initial concentration of H 2 O 2 , dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and turbidity had minimal effects, except that poor efficiency result of UV/H 2 O 2 was observed at a solution with low DOC concentration (2.4 mg L −1 ). Although the concentrations of organic matter decreased after UV/H 2 O 2 treatment, the concentration of precursors of DBPs increased in the early stage of the photolysis process and decreased after that; moreover, the profiles of precursors for trihalomethanes and haloacetic acids were different. A comparison between LPUV and UVC-LED as light sources revealed that, at a fixed UV fluence input into the UV/H 2 O 2 process, the trends and efficiencies in the degradation of organic matter and DBP precursors were similar. Meanwhile, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of UVC-LED should be improved for future applications in water treatment. Based on the UV/H 2 O 2 treatment results on synthetic PPCPs wastewater solution, this study showed the effectiveness of UV/H 2 O 2 to degrade micro organic contaminants.","PeriodicalId":22130,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Environment Research","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135351239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-03DOI: 10.1186/s42834-023-00192-9
Manuel Arce, Jose Maria Orellana-Macías, Jesus Causapé, Javier Ramajo, Carlos Galè, Rudy Rossetto
Abstract Aquifer systems, because of the presence of frequently complex geological structures, may extend beyond watersheds limits. Interbasin groundwater flow is often identified among watersheds. Because geological systems are complex ones, modelling tools are needed for its estimation. In this paper, we quantify the outflows from the endhoreic Gallocanta watershed (Spain) by means of a MODFLOW numerical model in order to assess the robustness of the boundaries of the Gallocanta Groundwater Body. Our results show the Gallocanta watershed is hydrogeologically connected with the adjoining Piedra-Ortiz and Jiloca watersheds (discharging annually in these basins about 4 and 1 Mm 3 respectively). Furthermore, we hypothesized the presence of geological features altering the groundwater flow. Additional simulations were run to analyse the changes in the water budget in the cases of: i) groundwater pumping no longer allowed by the authorities, and ii) a potential drought scenario. In the first case, the results forecast an increase in discharge to the Piedra-Ortiz and Jiloca watersheds, while in the second case a diminution of the outflows to the two neighboring basins is foreseen. We then propose a larger and unique groundwater body, spanning from the Caminreal Springs on the east and the Piedra-Ortiz basin on the west, including a moving groundwater divide internal to the Gallocanta watershed. Monitoring the baseflow of the Piedra-Ortiz river and of the Caminreal Springs will allow to get information on the evolution of the groundwater resource availability in the Gallocanta watershed. Our results stress the importance of conjunctively using data and traditional geologic knowledge (i.e. surface geology maps) along with numerical modelling analyses. This holds especially true in areas, such those of hard-rock aquifers, where scarce hydrogeologic data are available, to test conceptual models, to derive and to infer information on water budgets and on the presence of relevant structural features driving the groundwater flow. This approach may lead to informed decision-making on groundwater body boundaries definition for the application of relevant groundwater management regulations.
含水层系统由于经常存在复杂的地质构造，可能会延伸到流域之外。流域间地下水流动常在流域间确定。由于地质系统是复杂的，对其进行估计需要建模工具。本文利用MODFLOW数值模型对西班牙加洛坎塔内河流域的流出量进行了量化，以评估加洛坎塔地下水体边界的稳健性。结果表明，Gallocanta流域在水文地质上与相邻的Piedra-Ortiz和Jiloca流域相连(这些流域的年流量分别为4和1 Mm 3)。此外，我们假设存在改变地下水流动的地质特征。还进行了额外的模拟，以分析在以下情况下水预算的变化:1)当局不再允许抽取地下水，2)潜在的干旱情景。在第一种情况下，结果预测向皮德拉-奥尔蒂斯和吉罗卡流域的流量会增加，而在第二种情况下，预计向两个邻近流域的流量会减少。然后，我们提出了一个更大、更独特的地下水体，从东部的Caminreal Springs到西部的Piedra-Ortiz盆地，包括一个移动的地下水分水岭，在Gallocanta流域内部。监测皮德拉-奥尔蒂斯河和Caminreal泉的基流将使我们能够获得有关加洛坎塔流域地下水资源可用性演变的信息。我们的研究结果强调了结合使用数据和传统地质知识(即地表地质图)以及数值模拟分析的重要性。这在诸如硬岩含水层等地区尤其如此，因为这些地区水文地质数据匮乏，无法检验概念模型，无法推导和推断有关水预算和有关驱动地下水流动的有关结构特征的信息。该方法可为地下水管理相关法规的应用提供确定地下水体边界的明智决策。
{"title":"Model-based assessment of interbasin groundwater flow in data scarce areas: the Gallocanta Lake endorheic watershed (Spain)","authors":"Manuel Arce, Jose Maria Orellana-Macías, Jesus Causapé, Javier Ramajo, Carlos Galè, Rudy Rossetto","doi":"10.1186/s42834-023-00192-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42834-023-00192-9","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Aquifer systems, because of the presence of frequently complex geological structures, may extend beyond watersheds limits. Interbasin groundwater flow is often identified among watersheds. Because geological systems are complex ones, modelling tools are needed for its estimation. In this paper, we quantify the outflows from the endhoreic Gallocanta watershed (Spain) by means of a MODFLOW numerical model in order to assess the robustness of the boundaries of the Gallocanta Groundwater Body. Our results show the Gallocanta watershed is hydrogeologically connected with the adjoining Piedra-Ortiz and Jiloca watersheds (discharging annually in these basins about 4 and 1 Mm 3 respectively). Furthermore, we hypothesized the presence of geological features altering the groundwater flow. Additional simulations were run to analyse the changes in the water budget in the cases of: i) groundwater pumping no longer allowed by the authorities, and ii) a potential drought scenario. In the first case, the results forecast an increase in discharge to the Piedra-Ortiz and Jiloca watersheds, while in the second case a diminution of the outflows to the two neighboring basins is foreseen. We then propose a larger and unique groundwater body, spanning from the Caminreal Springs on the east and the Piedra-Ortiz basin on the west, including a moving groundwater divide internal to the Gallocanta watershed. Monitoring the baseflow of the Piedra-Ortiz river and of the Caminreal Springs will allow to get information on the evolution of the groundwater resource availability in the Gallocanta watershed. Our results stress the importance of conjunctively using data and traditional geologic knowledge (i.e. surface geology maps) along with numerical modelling analyses. This holds especially true in areas, such those of hard-rock aquifers, where scarce hydrogeologic data are available, to test conceptual models, to derive and to infer information on water budgets and on the presence of relevant structural features driving the groundwater flow. This approach may lead to informed decision-making on groundwater body boundaries definition for the application of relevant groundwater management regulations.","PeriodicalId":22130,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Environment Research","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135689768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has experienced a high economic growth rate over the last two decades, which has been accompanied by concerns about increasing carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions. This study aims to find out whether renewable energy and agriculture can help reduce CO 2 emissions for selected SSA countries. A balanced dataset incorporating CO 2 emissions, renewable energy consumption, agricultural land per capita, GDP per capita, urbanization level and energy intensity of 38 SSA countries covering the period 2000–2019 is utilized. The differentiated-generalized method of moments (GMM) is employed as a benchmark estimation method to estimate the effects of renewable energy and agriculture on CO 2 . The regional heterogeneity analysis of countries at different income levels is then carried out. The moderating role of government governance in the energy-agriculture-environment nexus is also investigated. The following conclusions are highlighted: (1) the consumption of renewable energy can reduce CO 2 emissions, while agriculture increases them; (2) the mitigating effect of renewable energy on CO 2 emissions is relatively larger in countries at a low income level countries than in high-income countries, while agriculture aggravates CO 2 emissions in lower middle-income and low-income regions, but mitigates emissions in upper middle-income regions; and (3) governance quality turns the mitigating role of renewable energy use on CO 2 emissions into an increasing one, and exaggerates the polluting effect of agriculture. Finally, the study proposes policy implications for improving renewable energy use and green agricultural growth to achieve sustainable development in SSA.
{"title":"Renewable energy, agriculture, and carbon dioxide emissions nexus: implications for sustainable development in sub-Saharan African countries","authors":"Jingyi Wang, Chenglin Jiang, Mingquan Li, Shuai Zhang, Xuebiao Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s42834-023-00193-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42834-023-00193-8","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has experienced a high economic growth rate over the last two decades, which has been accompanied by concerns about increasing carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions. This study aims to find out whether renewable energy and agriculture can help reduce CO 2 emissions for selected SSA countries. A balanced dataset incorporating CO 2 emissions, renewable energy consumption, agricultural land per capita, GDP per capita, urbanization level and energy intensity of 38 SSA countries covering the period 2000–2019 is utilized. The differentiated-generalized method of moments (GMM) is employed as a benchmark estimation method to estimate the effects of renewable energy and agriculture on CO 2 . The regional heterogeneity analysis of countries at different income levels is then carried out. The moderating role of government governance in the energy-agriculture-environment nexus is also investigated. The following conclusions are highlighted: (1) the consumption of renewable energy can reduce CO 2 emissions, while agriculture increases them; (2) the mitigating effect of renewable energy on CO 2 emissions is relatively larger in countries at a low income level countries than in high-income countries, while agriculture aggravates CO 2 emissions in lower middle-income and low-income regions, but mitigates emissions in upper middle-income regions; and (3) governance quality turns the mitigating role of renewable energy use on CO 2 emissions into an increasing one, and exaggerates the polluting effect of agriculture. Finally, the study proposes policy implications for improving renewable energy use and green agricultural growth to achieve sustainable development in SSA.","PeriodicalId":22130,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Environment Research","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134886849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-19DOI: 10.1186/s42834-023-00189-4
Dariush Jafari, Morteza Esfandyari, Mehdi Mojahed
Abstract The study is concerned with the adsorption of toluene from real wastewater using granular beads of activated carbon. The adsorbent was analyzed before and after the process using Scanning Electron Microscope analysis to characterize its surface characteristics. The adsorption parameters including solution pH, contact time, dosage of adsorbent, temperature and toluene initial concentration were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) Box-Behnken experimental design to maximize the toluene adsorption. The adsorption capacity of the adsorbent was 298 mg g −1 and the maximum toluene removal was 99.5% which was achieved in the following optimal conditions: pH: 2, 100 min, adsorbent dosage: 0.7 g L −1 , 40 °C and initial concentration: 30 mg L −1 . The adjusted coefficient of determination of the model was over 0.99 which denotes that the model was quite appropriate and accurate and also it was effective in the optimization of toluene adsorption. Finally, the activated carbon adsorbent was applied to remove toluene from a real sample of wastewater under the optimal operating conditions and the uptake percentage of 96.9% was achieved which was in accordance with the output of the removal of toluene from synthetic wastewater.
摘要研究了活性炭颗粒珠对实际废水中甲苯的吸附性能。利用扫描电镜对吸附前后进行了分析，表征了吸附前后的表面特征。采用响应面法(RSM) Box-Behnken实验设计优化了溶液pH、接触时间、吸附剂用量、温度和甲苯初始浓度对甲苯的吸附效果。在pH为2,100 min、吸附剂用量为0.7 g L−1、温度为40℃、初始浓度为30 mg L−1的条件下，该吸附剂的吸附量为298 mg g−1，甲苯去除率为99.5%。模型调整后的确定系数大于0.99，表明该模型具有较好的适用性和准确性，对甲苯吸附性能的优化是有效的。最后，在最佳操作条件下，将活性炭吸附剂应用于实际废水中甲苯的去除，吸附率达到96.9%，与合成废水中甲苯的去除率相当。
{"title":"Optimization of removal of toluene from industrial wastewater using RSM Box–Behnken experimental design","authors":"Dariush Jafari, Morteza Esfandyari, Mehdi Mojahed","doi":"10.1186/s42834-023-00189-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42834-023-00189-4","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The study is concerned with the adsorption of toluene from real wastewater using granular beads of activated carbon. The adsorbent was analyzed before and after the process using Scanning Electron Microscope analysis to characterize its surface characteristics. The adsorption parameters including solution pH, contact time, dosage of adsorbent, temperature and toluene initial concentration were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) Box-Behnken experimental design to maximize the toluene adsorption. The adsorption capacity of the adsorbent was 298 mg g −1 and the maximum toluene removal was 99.5% which was achieved in the following optimal conditions: pH: 2, 100 min, adsorbent dosage: 0.7 g L −1 , 40 °C and initial concentration: 30 mg L −1 . The adjusted coefficient of determination of the model was over 0.99 which denotes that the model was quite appropriate and accurate and also it was effective in the optimization of toluene adsorption. Finally, the activated carbon adsorbent was applied to remove toluene from a real sample of wastewater under the optimal operating conditions and the uptake percentage of 96.9% was achieved which was in accordance with the output of the removal of toluene from synthetic wastewater.","PeriodicalId":22130,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Environment Research","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135015922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-14DOI: 10.1186/s42834-023-00188-5
Chih-Kai Yang, Hwong-Wen Ma, Mei-Hua Yuan
Abstract The global transition towards circular economy (CE) signifies a shift in industrial waste management objective from “expansion of recycling industry” to achieve “waste as resource”. The medical industry has attracted CE research attention the due to its significant waste generation and relatively slower progress towards CE, despite the substantial recycling potential identified by the WHO. Studies indicate that this can be attributed to the hazardous nature of medical waste and the prioritization of safety in waste treatment over potential economic and health co-benefits. Recognizing the limitations of current waste management performance evaluation framework, this research introduces the dynamic circularity performance index, and further introduces the two new indicators of “recycling circularity (Rc)” and “real circularity performance”, in conjunction with “recycling rate”, to enable industry-specific sustainability assessment of waste management performance. The case study on Taiwan medical waste management performance from 2014 to 2021 on the four identified medical waste categories confirms the limitations of assessing performance solely based on the quantity-based metric of “recycling rate”. For example, the significant decline in the recycling rate from 33.1% to only 12.2% between 2019 and 2020 might be interpreted as a drop in environmental performance. However, the increase in both overall recycling efficiency and total volume of waste recycled, as demonstrated by “circularity performance” and “real circularity performance” reveals a well-maintained resource recovery performance in coping with the stunning 327% increase in total waste generation caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Similarly, while the “recyclable waste’ category exhibits a significant increasing in the recycling rate over the assessment period, the “Rc” results highlight a degradation in recycling efficiency. The synergistic effect of the newly introduced indicators unveils several unique phenomena affecting the CE transition of the medical industry. These includes regulatory control, the single-use mindset, hazardous nature of the waste, the classification of waste, policy incentives and recycling capacity. Further improvement can be made to expand the coverage to all life cycle stages and refine the method for determining the relative circularity of treatment performance. Such advancements can attribute to enhance waste management performance assessment and the development of effective CE transition strategies and policies.
{"title":"Measuring circularity potential for medical waste management – a dynamic circularity performance analysis","authors":"Chih-Kai Yang, Hwong-Wen Ma, Mei-Hua Yuan","doi":"10.1186/s42834-023-00188-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42834-023-00188-5","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The global transition towards circular economy (CE) signifies a shift in industrial waste management objective from “expansion of recycling industry” to achieve “waste as resource”. The medical industry has attracted CE research attention the due to its significant waste generation and relatively slower progress towards CE, despite the substantial recycling potential identified by the WHO. Studies indicate that this can be attributed to the hazardous nature of medical waste and the prioritization of safety in waste treatment over potential economic and health co-benefits. Recognizing the limitations of current waste management performance evaluation framework, this research introduces the dynamic circularity performance index, and further introduces the two new indicators of “recycling circularity (Rc)” and “real circularity performance”, in conjunction with “recycling rate”, to enable industry-specific sustainability assessment of waste management performance. The case study on Taiwan medical waste management performance from 2014 to 2021 on the four identified medical waste categories confirms the limitations of assessing performance solely based on the quantity-based metric of “recycling rate”. For example, the significant decline in the recycling rate from 33.1% to only 12.2% between 2019 and 2020 might be interpreted as a drop in environmental performance. However, the increase in both overall recycling efficiency and total volume of waste recycled, as demonstrated by “circularity performance” and “real circularity performance” reveals a well-maintained resource recovery performance in coping with the stunning 327% increase in total waste generation caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Similarly, while the “recyclable waste’ category exhibits a significant increasing in the recycling rate over the assessment period, the “Rc” results highlight a degradation in recycling efficiency. The synergistic effect of the newly introduced indicators unveils several unique phenomena affecting the CE transition of the medical industry. These includes regulatory control, the single-use mindset, hazardous nature of the waste, the classification of waste, policy incentives and recycling capacity. Further improvement can be made to expand the coverage to all life cycle stages and refine the method for determining the relative circularity of treatment performance. Such advancements can attribute to enhance waste management performance assessment and the development of effective CE transition strategies and policies.","PeriodicalId":22130,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Environment Research","volume":"130 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134911268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-12DOI: 10.1186/s42834-023-00191-w
Behnam Askari Lasaki, Peter Maurer, Harald Schönberger
{"title":"Correction: Efect of coupling primary sedimentation tank (PST) and microscreen (MS) to remove particulate organic carbon (POC): a study to mitigate energy demand in municipal wastewater treatment plants","authors":"Behnam Askari Lasaki, Peter Maurer, Harald Schönberger","doi":"10.1186/s42834-023-00191-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42834-023-00191-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22130,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Environment Research","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135878454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-12DOI: 10.1186/s42834-023-00190-x
Mahsa Golbabaie, Behzad Gharahchei, Fatemeh Mirazizi, Alireza Abbasi Baharanchi, Ali Khosronejad, Ali Asghar Karkhanie, Kamahldin Haghbeen
Abstract Hybrid xerogels, constructed from organic and inorganic silanes, have emerged as materials with versatile applications. They have shown promising potential for immobilization as their chemical structures encompass the mechanical, thermal, and structural stability of inorganic compounds in synergy with the functionality and flexibility of organic compounds. Incorporating a magnetic core and preparation at the nanoscale multiply their attraction for enzyme immobilization. To evaluate how efficiently this technology works for the immobilization of a plant peroxidase, a novel peroxidase (POX ov ) from a famous medicinal herb, Origanum vulgare , was immobilized on magnetic nanoparticles of a hybrid xerogel obtained from tetraethyl orthosilicate and (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane. Immobilization boosted the physicochemical properties of the enzyme so that the immobilized POX ov (I.POX ov ) could tolerate lower pHs and higher temperatures. It oxidized all types of the examined phenolic, catecholic, guaiacolic, and aniline diazo dyes, while the free POX ov (F.POX ov ) failed to oxidize the last group. These improvements also made I.POX ov capable of oxidizing the recalcitrant azo dyes carrying electron-withdrawing groups much faster than F.POX ov . I.POX ov was employed in 7 successive cycles of oxidation of both phenolic and guaiacolic dyes with an average efficiency of 69%. The efficacy of the immobilization method and I.POXov competency for the enzymatic remediation of polluted water resources have been quantitatively demonstrated.
{"title":"Efficient degradation of various recalcitrant azo dyes in aqueous medium by immobilized Origanum vulgare peroxidase","authors":"Mahsa Golbabaie, Behzad Gharahchei, Fatemeh Mirazizi, Alireza Abbasi Baharanchi, Ali Khosronejad, Ali Asghar Karkhanie, Kamahldin Haghbeen","doi":"10.1186/s42834-023-00190-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42834-023-00190-x","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Hybrid xerogels, constructed from organic and inorganic silanes, have emerged as materials with versatile applications. They have shown promising potential for immobilization as their chemical structures encompass the mechanical, thermal, and structural stability of inorganic compounds in synergy with the functionality and flexibility of organic compounds. Incorporating a magnetic core and preparation at the nanoscale multiply their attraction for enzyme immobilization. To evaluate how efficiently this technology works for the immobilization of a plant peroxidase, a novel peroxidase (POX ov ) from a famous medicinal herb, Origanum vulgare , was immobilized on magnetic nanoparticles of a hybrid xerogel obtained from tetraethyl orthosilicate and (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane. Immobilization boosted the physicochemical properties of the enzyme so that the immobilized POX ov (I.POX ov ) could tolerate lower pHs and higher temperatures. It oxidized all types of the examined phenolic, catecholic, guaiacolic, and aniline diazo dyes, while the free POX ov (F.POX ov ) failed to oxidize the last group. These improvements also made I.POX ov capable of oxidizing the recalcitrant azo dyes carrying electron-withdrawing groups much faster than F.POX ov . I.POX ov was employed in 7 successive cycles of oxidation of both phenolic and guaiacolic dyes with an average efficiency of 69%. The efficacy of the immobilization method and I.POXov competency for the enzymatic remediation of polluted water resources have been quantitatively demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":22130,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Environment Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135827017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-22DOI: 10.1186/s42834-023-00187-6
S. Seesanong, Chaowared Seangarun, B. Boonchom, N. Laohavisuti, Somphob Thompho, W. Boonmee, Sorakit Mongkol, Pesak Rungrojchaipon
{"title":"Bio-green synthesis of calcium acetate from oyster shell waste at low cost and reducing the emission of greenhouse gases","authors":"S. Seesanong, Chaowared Seangarun, B. Boonchom, N. Laohavisuti, Somphob Thompho, W. Boonmee, Sorakit Mongkol, Pesak Rungrojchaipon","doi":"10.1186/s42834-023-00187-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42834-023-00187-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22130,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Environment Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43042878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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