Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.2478/contagri-2022-0024
D. Hastuti, A. Rahim, Citra Ayni Kamaruddin, S. Astuty
Summary Food security is one of the global strategic issues in a country’s development. This research conducted in Bone Regency, Indonesia, analyzes the influence of socio-economic factors on the probability of food security in farmer households. The research method used is quantitative with cross-sectional data and model analysis with ordered probit estimation with the Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) method. The research location was chosen by purposive sampling, considering that this location is still classified as food insecure based on the Bone District Food Security and Vulnerability Atlas (FSVA) Report. The sampling technique was accidental sampling, with 84 farmer households. The findings indicate that the probability of the food security level of farmer households is positively influenced by certain socio-economic conditions, including household income and education level, while other socio-economic factors, such as the age of the household head and the number of family members, have no significant effect. Special attention to variables that have no significant effect is expected to increase the chances of food security in farmer households. There is a need to provide and support access to information on the importance of food security and economic opportunities for many family members. Likewise, food support is protection against food insecurity for household heads who are no longer at productive age.
{"title":"Probit Estimation Model: Influence of Socio-Economic Factors on the Probability of Farmers’ Household Food Security Level","authors":"D. Hastuti, A. Rahim, Citra Ayni Kamaruddin, S. Astuty","doi":"10.2478/contagri-2022-0024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/contagri-2022-0024","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Food security is one of the global strategic issues in a country’s development. This research conducted in Bone Regency, Indonesia, analyzes the influence of socio-economic factors on the probability of food security in farmer households. The research method used is quantitative with cross-sectional data and model analysis with ordered probit estimation with the Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) method. The research location was chosen by purposive sampling, considering that this location is still classified as food insecure based on the Bone District Food Security and Vulnerability Atlas (FSVA) Report. The sampling technique was accidental sampling, with 84 farmer households. The findings indicate that the probability of the food security level of farmer households is positively influenced by certain socio-economic conditions, including household income and education level, while other socio-economic factors, such as the age of the household head and the number of family members, have no significant effect. Special attention to variables that have no significant effect is expected to increase the chances of food security in farmer households. There is a need to provide and support access to information on the importance of food security and economic opportunities for many family members. Likewise, food support is protection against food insecurity for household heads who are no longer at productive age.","PeriodicalId":221412,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Agriculture","volume":"112 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124791852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.2478/contagri-2022-0026
Biruk Hirko, Haimanot Mitiku, Abukiya Getu
Summary The quality of black pepper (Piper nigrum L.), the ’king of spices’, is largely dependent on the postharvest handling and processing methods. Pungency and aroma are the most important qualities of black pepper, which are attributed to its oleoresin and volatile oils, respectively. Conventional open sun drying and shade drying were tested for different pretreatment curing of black pepper. The quality improvement and reduction in drying duration were exhibited for the sun-dried samples. The highest oleoresin content (8.15% w/w) was recorded in direct open sun-dried samples, whereas in shade-dried samples it was as low as 6.96% w/w. The highest essential oil content of 2.00 mL/100g (v/w) was obtained from the berries blanched for 2 minutes and sun-dried samples. Blanching followed by direct sun drying of berries had the highest acceptability score relative to the overall quality. Therefore, the physicochemical quality analyses performed proved that blanching and sun drying are effective in producing high-quality black pepper for export.
{"title":"Effects of Processing Methods on the Quality of Black Pepper (Piper nigrum L.)","authors":"Biruk Hirko, Haimanot Mitiku, Abukiya Getu","doi":"10.2478/contagri-2022-0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/contagri-2022-0026","url":null,"abstract":"Summary The quality of black pepper (Piper nigrum L.), the ’king of spices’, is largely dependent on the postharvest handling and processing methods. Pungency and aroma are the most important qualities of black pepper, which are attributed to its oleoresin and volatile oils, respectively. Conventional open sun drying and shade drying were tested for different pretreatment curing of black pepper. The quality improvement and reduction in drying duration were exhibited for the sun-dried samples. The highest oleoresin content (8.15% w/w) was recorded in direct open sun-dried samples, whereas in shade-dried samples it was as low as 6.96% w/w. The highest essential oil content of 2.00 mL/100g (v/w) was obtained from the berries blanched for 2 minutes and sun-dried samples. Blanching followed by direct sun drying of berries had the highest acceptability score relative to the overall quality. Therefore, the physicochemical quality analyses performed proved that blanching and sun drying are effective in producing high-quality black pepper for export.","PeriodicalId":221412,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Agriculture","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130237901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.2478/contagri-2022-0023
J. Pantović, D. Jovičić, S. Lekić, M. Sečanski
Summary The quality and provenance of seed are of exceptional importance for the production and yield of cultivated plants. There are numerous tests for determination of seed vigour. The seed accelerated ageing test is one of the most important tests that provide determination of the degree of germination preservation and the seed longevity in storages. The aim of this study was to observe the effect of different production methods – organic and conventional – on seed vigour of maize (variety Rumenka), using the seed accelerated ageing test. Maize seeds were exposed to double stress conditions (temperature of 45 °C, air humidity of 100%) for 72h. Maize seed germination was determined by the standard germination test and was expressed as a percentage. The results of vigour of maize seeds organically produced indicated that the application of the seed accelerated ageing test increased the first count (78.5%) in relation to the standard germination test (70.75%), and a significantly higher percentage of nongerminated seeds (10.25%) were recorded. Furthermore, the radicle length decreased (120.75 mm), while the length of the seedling above-ground part (117.13 mm) and fresh weight (4.56 g) increased. In maize seeds conventionally produced, the first count and germination were higher (41.5% and 46.25%, respectively) after the application of the seed accelerated ageing test, while the percentage of nongerminated seeds were higher (38.75%). In addition, the length (105.88 mm) and fresh weight (4.43 g) of the seedling above-ground part decreased, while the values of the radicle length (137.5 mm), fresh weight (2.39 mm) and dry weight (0.28 mm) as well as dry weight of above-ground parts of seedlings (0.31 g) were higher than after the application of the standard laboratory method (127.88 mm, 1.89 g, 0.17 mm and 0.31 g, respectively).
{"title":"Counter Agronomic Systems and Maize Seed Vigour","authors":"J. Pantović, D. Jovičić, S. Lekić, M. Sečanski","doi":"10.2478/contagri-2022-0023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/contagri-2022-0023","url":null,"abstract":"Summary The quality and provenance of seed are of exceptional importance for the production and yield of cultivated plants. There are numerous tests for determination of seed vigour. The seed accelerated ageing test is one of the most important tests that provide determination of the degree of germination preservation and the seed longevity in storages. The aim of this study was to observe the effect of different production methods – organic and conventional – on seed vigour of maize (variety Rumenka), using the seed accelerated ageing test. Maize seeds were exposed to double stress conditions (temperature of 45 °C, air humidity of 100%) for 72h. Maize seed germination was determined by the standard germination test and was expressed as a percentage. The results of vigour of maize seeds organically produced indicated that the application of the seed accelerated ageing test increased the first count (78.5%) in relation to the standard germination test (70.75%), and a significantly higher percentage of nongerminated seeds (10.25%) were recorded. Furthermore, the radicle length decreased (120.75 mm), while the length of the seedling above-ground part (117.13 mm) and fresh weight (4.56 g) increased. In maize seeds conventionally produced, the first count and germination were higher (41.5% and 46.25%, respectively) after the application of the seed accelerated ageing test, while the percentage of nongerminated seeds were higher (38.75%). In addition, the length (105.88 mm) and fresh weight (4.43 g) of the seedling above-ground part decreased, while the values of the radicle length (137.5 mm), fresh weight (2.39 mm) and dry weight (0.28 mm) as well as dry weight of above-ground parts of seedlings (0.31 g) were higher than after the application of the standard laboratory method (127.88 mm, 1.89 g, 0.17 mm and 0.31 g, respectively).","PeriodicalId":221412,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Agriculture","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130673854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.2478/contagri-2022-0022
A. Kheloufi, L. Mansouri, C. Vanbellinghen
Summary Increasing seed germination of native medicinal plant species is fundamental to improving conservation and restoration practices, especially for threatened ecosystems. However, the seeds of some species exhibit poor germination, limiting propagation and large-scale distribution. In this study, the effect of temperature on seed germination of a medicinal plant Scabiosa stellata was investigated in vitro. Germination of S. stellata was tested at constant temperatures of 10, 20, 25, 30 and 40 °C, coupled with total darkness. The seeds enclosed by achenes were cultured in Petri dishes (0.8% agar water) with 7 replicates of 10 seeds, for 15 days of incubation. The germination kinetics were determined according to the final germination percentage (FGP), the mean germination time (MGT), the seedling survival percentage (SS) and the seedling total length (STL). Temperatures had a significant effect (p< 0.001) on all parameters studied. Germination kinetics indicated that S. stellata seeds were non-dormant. The average seed germination percentage relative to temperatures ranged from 31.4% (30 °C) to 94.2% (25 °C). The temperature of 25 °C was found to be very suitable with 94.2% FGP, 5.37 days of MGT and 7.82 cm of STL, while the temperature of 20 °C optimally improved germination with 58.5% of FGP. In addition, a significant 62.8% reduction in FGP was observed at 30 °C temperature compared to 25 °C. No germination was observed at 10 °C and 40 °C over a period of 15 days. Analysis also revealed that a period of 10 days after sowing seeds is suitable for final germination counts in S. stellata seeds. An overview of the establishment of S. stellata seedlings over a 30-day period in pots is also presented. Germination of seeds of S. stellata is epigeal type.
{"title":"Seed Germination of Scabiosa stellata (Caprifoliaceae), a Potential Medicinal Plant","authors":"A. Kheloufi, L. Mansouri, C. Vanbellinghen","doi":"10.2478/contagri-2022-0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/contagri-2022-0022","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Increasing seed germination of native medicinal plant species is fundamental to improving conservation and restoration practices, especially for threatened ecosystems. However, the seeds of some species exhibit poor germination, limiting propagation and large-scale distribution. In this study, the effect of temperature on seed germination of a medicinal plant Scabiosa stellata was investigated in vitro. Germination of S. stellata was tested at constant temperatures of 10, 20, 25, 30 and 40 °C, coupled with total darkness. The seeds enclosed by achenes were cultured in Petri dishes (0.8% agar water) with 7 replicates of 10 seeds, for 15 days of incubation. The germination kinetics were determined according to the final germination percentage (FGP), the mean germination time (MGT), the seedling survival percentage (SS) and the seedling total length (STL). Temperatures had a significant effect (p< 0.001) on all parameters studied. Germination kinetics indicated that S. stellata seeds were non-dormant. The average seed germination percentage relative to temperatures ranged from 31.4% (30 °C) to 94.2% (25 °C). The temperature of 25 °C was found to be very suitable with 94.2% FGP, 5.37 days of MGT and 7.82 cm of STL, while the temperature of 20 °C optimally improved germination with 58.5% of FGP. In addition, a significant 62.8% reduction in FGP was observed at 30 °C temperature compared to 25 °C. No germination was observed at 10 °C and 40 °C over a period of 15 days. Analysis also revealed that a period of 10 days after sowing seeds is suitable for final germination counts in S. stellata seeds. An overview of the establishment of S. stellata seedlings over a 30-day period in pots is also presented. Germination of seeds of S. stellata is epigeal type.","PeriodicalId":221412,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Agriculture","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121707466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.2478/contagri-2022-0030
R. Kastori, I. Maksimović, Marina Putnikdelić
Summary Lithium (Li) is present in low concentrations in all parts of the biosphere, including living organisms. It reaches the terrestrial environment primarily through natural processes to which parent substrate was subjected during pedogenesis, and due to anthropogenic activities. Individual soil types differ regarding Li content; for example saline and loamy soils have higher Li content. It is found in low concentrations primarily in ionic form in aquatic environments in surface and groundwater. It is mobile in the soil and thus soil contamination with Li can lead to its higher concentration in groundwater. In the environment, Li reaches the atmosphere from Li-emitting sources. It is widely used in many industries, lately in the Li-ion batteries in electronic goods, due to which it may be a potential risk for the environment. Terrestrial plants take up Li largely via roots from the soil, but also via shoots from the atmosphere. In the soil, Li is mostly bound by clay fraction and organic matter. During the uptake, transport and distribution in plants it behaves like an alkaline earth ion, not like an alkali ion. The fact that Li is immobile in the phloem supports this claim. Its ascendent transport mainly depends upon the transpiration intensity. More Li is taken up by plants from acid soils than from alkaline soils. Li is non-essential for plant growth and development. In low concentrations it can be stimulative and affect chemical composition and organic production of plants. Li plays an important role in the metabolism of halophyte species. It is increasingly regarded as an essential trace element for animals and humans, and used in human medication to treat dementia, suicidal ideation, aggression and violence. High levels of Li are toxic to all plants, but uptake and sensitivity to Li are species-dependent. Some representatives of the Ranunculaceae, Solanaceae and Asteraceae families are characterized by increased Li accumulation, while Poaceae, Liliaceae, Brassicaceae, Caprifoliaceae show low accumulation. High concentrations of Li have adverse effects on many physiological and biochemical processes in plants (DNA, RNA and protein pathways, water relations, content of photosynthetic pigments, photosynthesis, production of reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation of the cell membranes etc.), which is further manifested as stunted growth, developmental disorder, visual symptoms, interveinal necrosis and necrosis along the leaf margins. Hyperaccumulator plants extract significant amounts of Li and are therefore used in phytoremediation. Better understanding of the effects of beneficial and phytotoxic concentrations of Li on metabolism and plant growth and development remains vital for the improvement of the knowledge about biological activity of Li in higher plants.
{"title":"Lithium in the Environment and its Effects on Higher Plants","authors":"R. Kastori, I. Maksimović, Marina Putnikdelić","doi":"10.2478/contagri-2022-0030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/contagri-2022-0030","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Lithium (Li) is present in low concentrations in all parts of the biosphere, including living organisms. It reaches the terrestrial environment primarily through natural processes to which parent substrate was subjected during pedogenesis, and due to anthropogenic activities. Individual soil types differ regarding Li content; for example saline and loamy soils have higher Li content. It is found in low concentrations primarily in ionic form in aquatic environments in surface and groundwater. It is mobile in the soil and thus soil contamination with Li can lead to its higher concentration in groundwater. In the environment, Li reaches the atmosphere from Li-emitting sources. It is widely used in many industries, lately in the Li-ion batteries in electronic goods, due to which it may be a potential risk for the environment. Terrestrial plants take up Li largely via roots from the soil, but also via shoots from the atmosphere. In the soil, Li is mostly bound by clay fraction and organic matter. During the uptake, transport and distribution in plants it behaves like an alkaline earth ion, not like an alkali ion. The fact that Li is immobile in the phloem supports this claim. Its ascendent transport mainly depends upon the transpiration intensity. More Li is taken up by plants from acid soils than from alkaline soils. Li is non-essential for plant growth and development. In low concentrations it can be stimulative and affect chemical composition and organic production of plants. Li plays an important role in the metabolism of halophyte species. It is increasingly regarded as an essential trace element for animals and humans, and used in human medication to treat dementia, suicidal ideation, aggression and violence. High levels of Li are toxic to all plants, but uptake and sensitivity to Li are species-dependent. Some representatives of the Ranunculaceae, Solanaceae and Asteraceae families are characterized by increased Li accumulation, while Poaceae, Liliaceae, Brassicaceae, Caprifoliaceae show low accumulation. High concentrations of Li have adverse effects on many physiological and biochemical processes in plants (DNA, RNA and protein pathways, water relations, content of photosynthetic pigments, photosynthesis, production of reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation of the cell membranes etc.), which is further manifested as stunted growth, developmental disorder, visual symptoms, interveinal necrosis and necrosis along the leaf margins. Hyperaccumulator plants extract significant amounts of Li and are therefore used in phytoremediation. Better understanding of the effects of beneficial and phytotoxic concentrations of Li on metabolism and plant growth and development remains vital for the improvement of the knowledge about biological activity of Li in higher plants.","PeriodicalId":221412,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Agriculture","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116653003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.2478/contagri-2022-0021
Maurine Adhiambo Abodi, G. Obare, I. Kariuki
Summary Maize imports bridge the maize supply-demand gap in Kenya. However, this does not automatically imply any positive or negative effects of such imports on the economic welfare of maize producers and consumers in the country. Nevertheless, there is a limited body of literature dealing with maize importation effects on the economic welfare of maize producers and consumers in Kenya. This paper provides the empirical evidence of maize importation effects on the economic welfare of Kenyan maize producers and consumers. For the purpose of determining such effects, time series secondary data for the period 1963–2016 (FAOSTAT, World Bank and Kenya National Bureau of Statistics) and the partial equilibrium model were used (which is suitable for measuring the effects of pricing policies on specific sectors, allowing for perfect substitutability between domestically produced and imported goods). The maize imports in Kenya were found to yield ambiguous effects on the economic welfare of both maize consumers and producers in the country. The consumer surplus calculated gained only the compensated loss in the producer surplus in 2 out of 11 points of analysis. Conversely, the producer surplus calculated gained only a compensated loss in the consumer surplus in 1 out of 11 points of analysis. The resultant net economic welfare effect of maize importation in Kenya was found negative, indicating adverse impacts on both the Kenyan maize sector and economy as a whole. To ensure the sustainability and development of the maize sector in Kenya, further maize imports are considered not feasible without compensating the losses in the country’s maize sector. Therefore, complementary reforms should be introduced to forge a link between world and consumer prices, and encourage producers to respond to production incentives. This will not only benefit maize producers and consumers, but will also facilitate the efficient allocation of resources for the improvement of the maize sub-sector competitiveness.
{"title":"Effects of Maize Importation on the Economic Welfare of Maize Producers and Consumers in Kenya: A Partial Equilibrium Model Approach","authors":"Maurine Adhiambo Abodi, G. Obare, I. Kariuki","doi":"10.2478/contagri-2022-0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/contagri-2022-0021","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Maize imports bridge the maize supply-demand gap in Kenya. However, this does not automatically imply any positive or negative effects of such imports on the economic welfare of maize producers and consumers in the country. Nevertheless, there is a limited body of literature dealing with maize importation effects on the economic welfare of maize producers and consumers in Kenya. This paper provides the empirical evidence of maize importation effects on the economic welfare of Kenyan maize producers and consumers. For the purpose of determining such effects, time series secondary data for the period 1963–2016 (FAOSTAT, World Bank and Kenya National Bureau of Statistics) and the partial equilibrium model were used (which is suitable for measuring the effects of pricing policies on specific sectors, allowing for perfect substitutability between domestically produced and imported goods). The maize imports in Kenya were found to yield ambiguous effects on the economic welfare of both maize consumers and producers in the country. The consumer surplus calculated gained only the compensated loss in the producer surplus in 2 out of 11 points of analysis. Conversely, the producer surplus calculated gained only a compensated loss in the consumer surplus in 1 out of 11 points of analysis. The resultant net economic welfare effect of maize importation in Kenya was found negative, indicating adverse impacts on both the Kenyan maize sector and economy as a whole. To ensure the sustainability and development of the maize sector in Kenya, further maize imports are considered not feasible without compensating the losses in the country’s maize sector. Therefore, complementary reforms should be introduced to forge a link between world and consumer prices, and encourage producers to respond to production incentives. This will not only benefit maize producers and consumers, but will also facilitate the efficient allocation of resources for the improvement of the maize sub-sector competitiveness.","PeriodicalId":221412,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Agriculture","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128556450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.2478/contagri-2022-0028
Viktorija Brndevska Stipanović, J. Čukanović, S. Orlović, Jasminka Rizovska Atanasovska, V. Andonovski, Bojan Simovski
Summary Increasing population, expansion of urban areas and rapid urbanization are the main causes of losing green spaces, which results in many environmental problems and threatens the quality of urban life. Urban green spaces are of great importance and urban planning issues nowadays gain increasing popularity. It is realized that biological methodologies need to be used in urban planning, otherwise the quality of life will be more threatened. In order to discover the meaning and importance of green corridors in urban areas, a literature review was undertaken. Boulevards, as green corridors, are very important linear parts in the structures of dense modern cities. If planned and designed properly, they mitigate the negative effects of densely built urban environment. Green corridors provide numerous environmental benefits, they are an essential factor of sustainability and have a significant impact on biodiversity. Green corridors also provide social benefits, by enhancing well-being through contact with nature. They decrease health problems and improve the quality of life. The importance of urban green corridors was observed and presented on the example of Blvd. Bosnia and Herzegovina and Blvd. Hristijan Todorovski Karposh, which form an important ecological network in the northern part of Skopje, North Macedonia. The emphasis is on planning, designing and improving green corridors in urban areas like Skopje. Although these two boulevards are well designed as green corridors, with preserved old line greenery, planted with many different plant species (trees, shrubs, perennials), covered by grass, with bicycle and pedestrian paths, there is still potential for improvement. Linear parks on both sides of the new part of the Blvd. Hristijan Todorovski Karposh would be a great idea.
{"title":"Linear Greenery in Urban Areas and Green Corridors Case Study: Blvd. Bosnia and Herzegovina and Blvd. Hristijan Todorovski Karposh, Skopje, North Macedonia","authors":"Viktorija Brndevska Stipanović, J. Čukanović, S. Orlović, Jasminka Rizovska Atanasovska, V. Andonovski, Bojan Simovski","doi":"10.2478/contagri-2022-0028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/contagri-2022-0028","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Increasing population, expansion of urban areas and rapid urbanization are the main causes of losing green spaces, which results in many environmental problems and threatens the quality of urban life. Urban green spaces are of great importance and urban planning issues nowadays gain increasing popularity. It is realized that biological methodologies need to be used in urban planning, otherwise the quality of life will be more threatened. In order to discover the meaning and importance of green corridors in urban areas, a literature review was undertaken. Boulevards, as green corridors, are very important linear parts in the structures of dense modern cities. If planned and designed properly, they mitigate the negative effects of densely built urban environment. Green corridors provide numerous environmental benefits, they are an essential factor of sustainability and have a significant impact on biodiversity. Green corridors also provide social benefits, by enhancing well-being through contact with nature. They decrease health problems and improve the quality of life. The importance of urban green corridors was observed and presented on the example of Blvd. Bosnia and Herzegovina and Blvd. Hristijan Todorovski Karposh, which form an important ecological network in the northern part of Skopje, North Macedonia. The emphasis is on planning, designing and improving green corridors in urban areas like Skopje. Although these two boulevards are well designed as green corridors, with preserved old line greenery, planted with many different plant species (trees, shrubs, perennials), covered by grass, with bicycle and pedestrian paths, there is still potential for improvement. Linear parks on both sides of the new part of the Blvd. Hristijan Todorovski Karposh would be a great idea.","PeriodicalId":221412,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Agriculture","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123589181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.2478/contagri-2022-0027
W. Weerasinghe, S. Malkanthi
Summary Edible oil is a critical component of food and a significant source of energy for human beings. Most households in Sri Lanka prepare daily meals with edible oils. However, the adulteration of cooking oil is abundantly taking place in the country. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the buying behavior of coconut oil consumers and their perception of regular and virgin coconut oils. Moreover, the relationship between the socioeconomic factors of Sri Lankan coconut oil consumers and their buying behavior was also investigated. Pre-tested questionnaires were administered to a total of 100 respondents, who were selected using simple random-sampling techniques in the Homagama divisional secretariats. Data analysis was carried out by means of descriptive statistics, important-performance analysis and the chi-square test. The results obtained indicate that the majority of the consumers surveyed (54%) generally purchase regular coconut oil. Although a certain number of the consumers (10%) use virgin coconut oil, a significant percentage (30%) was found to use palm oil (vegetable oil) for meal preparation. Furthermore, a significant relationship was established between the socioeconomic factors of the respondent’s age and monthly income and their buying behavior of coconut oil. The consumers’ perception of regular and virgin coconut oils gave priority to the quality, appearance and information about the product ingredients when purchasing virgin coconut oil. Moreover, when purchasing regular coconut oil, the respondents gave priority to the price, availability and promotion of the product. A significant relationship was established between the respondents’ health issues and their coconut oil buying behavior. The consumers who had at least one family member suffering from cholesterol mainly purchased regular coconut oil and palm oil. Therefore, it is timely and important to increase the consumer awareness of the benefits of using virgin coconut oil instead of adulterated regular coconut oil or palm oil.
{"title":"Consumer Buying Behavior of Coconut Oil: A Case of the Homagama Ds Division in Sri Lanka","authors":"W. Weerasinghe, S. Malkanthi","doi":"10.2478/contagri-2022-0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/contagri-2022-0027","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Edible oil is a critical component of food and a significant source of energy for human beings. Most households in Sri Lanka prepare daily meals with edible oils. However, the adulteration of cooking oil is abundantly taking place in the country. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the buying behavior of coconut oil consumers and their perception of regular and virgin coconut oils. Moreover, the relationship between the socioeconomic factors of Sri Lankan coconut oil consumers and their buying behavior was also investigated. Pre-tested questionnaires were administered to a total of 100 respondents, who were selected using simple random-sampling techniques in the Homagama divisional secretariats. Data analysis was carried out by means of descriptive statistics, important-performance analysis and the chi-square test. The results obtained indicate that the majority of the consumers surveyed (54%) generally purchase regular coconut oil. Although a certain number of the consumers (10%) use virgin coconut oil, a significant percentage (30%) was found to use palm oil (vegetable oil) for meal preparation. Furthermore, a significant relationship was established between the socioeconomic factors of the respondent’s age and monthly income and their buying behavior of coconut oil. The consumers’ perception of regular and virgin coconut oils gave priority to the quality, appearance and information about the product ingredients when purchasing virgin coconut oil. Moreover, when purchasing regular coconut oil, the respondents gave priority to the price, availability and promotion of the product. A significant relationship was established between the respondents’ health issues and their coconut oil buying behavior. The consumers who had at least one family member suffering from cholesterol mainly purchased regular coconut oil and palm oil. Therefore, it is timely and important to increase the consumer awareness of the benefits of using virgin coconut oil instead of adulterated regular coconut oil or palm oil.","PeriodicalId":221412,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Agriculture","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116570222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.2478/contagri-2023-0005
Z. Popović, S. Stepić, M. Popovac, V. Lavadinović, M. Beuković, D. Beuković, M. Vukadinović, M. Polovinski-Horvatović
Summary The purpose of this study is to examine the status of roe deer population in the hunting grounds of Central Serbia, and perform a SWOT analysis of its management. The data used herein on the number of roe deer individuals and culling events were obtained from the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water Management - Forest Administration and the Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia. Moreover, the Law on Game and Hunting was used for analysis purposes. The status of roe deer population in the hunting grounds of Serbia is quite unsatisfactory, depending on the geographical area and wildlife management practices. In 2021, a total of 86,755 individuals were recorded in the area of Central Serbia, which accounts for 97.54% of the optimal population. However, the number of roe deer in the individual hunting grounds of the Central and Eastern hunting areas was above the optimal density, whereas the number of roe deer accounted for 88.58% and 89.12% of the optimal density in the individual hunting grounds of the Southern and Western hunting areas, respectively. The largest number of individuals per unit area (km2) was recorded in the Eastern (2.06) and Belgrade (2.02) hunting areas, whereas the smallest number of individuals per unit area (km2) was recorded in the Southern (1.02) and Western (1.34) hunting areas. The following issues were identified as major impediments to the management of roe deer population in the hunting grounds considered: legislative and regulatory instruments, non-compliance and non-enforcement of a large number of regulations, roe deer monitoring issues, poor hunting ground control, inapplicability of certain regulations in the field of veterinary medicine, environmental protection, unresolved issues of trophy and game meat export, lack of strategic planning (namely the hunting development strategies of the Republic of Serbia), lack of deer habitat monitoring methodology and rating methodology, and unprofessional planning and development of hunting ground management plans. The SWOT analysis performed emphasized the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of roe deer population management in Serbia.
{"title":"The Status and Swot Analysis of Roe Deer Population Management in the Hunting Grounds of Central Serbia","authors":"Z. Popović, S. Stepić, M. Popovac, V. Lavadinović, M. Beuković, D. Beuković, M. Vukadinović, M. Polovinski-Horvatović","doi":"10.2478/contagri-2023-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/contagri-2023-0005","url":null,"abstract":"Summary The purpose of this study is to examine the status of roe deer population in the hunting grounds of Central Serbia, and perform a SWOT analysis of its management. The data used herein on the number of roe deer individuals and culling events were obtained from the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water Management - Forest Administration and the Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia. Moreover, the Law on Game and Hunting was used for analysis purposes. The status of roe deer population in the hunting grounds of Serbia is quite unsatisfactory, depending on the geographical area and wildlife management practices. In 2021, a total of 86,755 individuals were recorded in the area of Central Serbia, which accounts for 97.54% of the optimal population. However, the number of roe deer in the individual hunting grounds of the Central and Eastern hunting areas was above the optimal density, whereas the number of roe deer accounted for 88.58% and 89.12% of the optimal density in the individual hunting grounds of the Southern and Western hunting areas, respectively. The largest number of individuals per unit area (km2) was recorded in the Eastern (2.06) and Belgrade (2.02) hunting areas, whereas the smallest number of individuals per unit area (km2) was recorded in the Southern (1.02) and Western (1.34) hunting areas. The following issues were identified as major impediments to the management of roe deer population in the hunting grounds considered: legislative and regulatory instruments, non-compliance and non-enforcement of a large number of regulations, roe deer monitoring issues, poor hunting ground control, inapplicability of certain regulations in the field of veterinary medicine, environmental protection, unresolved issues of trophy and game meat export, lack of strategic planning (namely the hunting development strategies of the Republic of Serbia), lack of deer habitat monitoring methodology and rating methodology, and unprofessional planning and development of hunting ground management plans. The SWOT analysis performed emphasized the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of roe deer population management in Serbia.","PeriodicalId":221412,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Agriculture","volume":"29 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116293132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.2478/contagri-2023-0004
Teodora Kukrić, V. Mladenov, A. Marjanović-Jeromela, D. Stojanović
Summary Alternative plant cultures with favorable agronomic characteristics are a great source of refined edible oil and renewable industrial oil products. False flax stands out as a species with modest growing requirements, short vegetation and diverse use. Accordingly, the breeding program of the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops in Novi Sad created two cultivars of false flax, NS Zlatka and NS Slatka, which were the research material of this study. The use and production value of these false flax cultivars were determined by examining important seed quality characteristics: oil content, oil yield, protein content and protein yield. The highest oil content was obtained in NS Slatka (45.90%) in 2016, while the highest protein content was 30.30%. The highest oil yield (801 kg/ha in 2017) and the highest protein yield (424 kg/ha in 2017) were detected in NS Zlatka. The data obtained from the field and laboratory were analyzed by analysis of variance, Duncan test and Spearman's correlation coefficient. Statistically significant differences were identified between the cultivars, and strong environmental influence was affirmed. By examining the correlations of the analyzed features, statistically significant correlations were found. The most common fatty acids included linolenic acid (33.80%), linoleic acid (18.81%), oleic acid (15.99%), eicosenoic acid (14.22%) and erucic acid (2.90%). The results obtained are applicable in further breeding program of false flax. They are of special importance in increasing the use value of false flax owing to the oil and meal high quality and potential for even more diverse use.
{"title":"The Quality and Use Value of the False Flax (Camelina sativa [L.] Crantz)","authors":"Teodora Kukrić, V. Mladenov, A. Marjanović-Jeromela, D. Stojanović","doi":"10.2478/contagri-2023-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/contagri-2023-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Alternative plant cultures with favorable agronomic characteristics are a great source of refined edible oil and renewable industrial oil products. False flax stands out as a species with modest growing requirements, short vegetation and diverse use. Accordingly, the breeding program of the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops in Novi Sad created two cultivars of false flax, NS Zlatka and NS Slatka, which were the research material of this study. The use and production value of these false flax cultivars were determined by examining important seed quality characteristics: oil content, oil yield, protein content and protein yield. The highest oil content was obtained in NS Slatka (45.90%) in 2016, while the highest protein content was 30.30%. The highest oil yield (801 kg/ha in 2017) and the highest protein yield (424 kg/ha in 2017) were detected in NS Zlatka. The data obtained from the field and laboratory were analyzed by analysis of variance, Duncan test and Spearman's correlation coefficient. Statistically significant differences were identified between the cultivars, and strong environmental influence was affirmed. By examining the correlations of the analyzed features, statistically significant correlations were found. The most common fatty acids included linolenic acid (33.80%), linoleic acid (18.81%), oleic acid (15.99%), eicosenoic acid (14.22%) and erucic acid (2.90%). The results obtained are applicable in further breeding program of false flax. They are of special importance in increasing the use value of false flax owing to the oil and meal high quality and potential for even more diverse use.","PeriodicalId":221412,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Agriculture","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115112526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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