Pub Date : 2024-05-21DOI: 10.2478/contagri-2024-0007
Dragan Milić, Bogdan Jocić, T. Novaković, Dragana Novaković, Danica Glavaš-Trbić
The research analyzes the efficiency of investments in the agricultural sector of the Republic of Serbia. The data used in the research were sourced from the Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia and the Directorate for Agrarian Payments. Over the period from 2012 to 2021, there was an increase in the efficiency of agricultural investments. The results point to a significant increase in investments per hectare compared to the previously analyzed period (1996-2005). The data were processed using standard statistical instruments of descriptive statistics. Additionally, regression analysis was employed to show the impact of investments on the gross value added in this sector. It was established that over the period from 2012 to 2021, the effect of investments on the gross value added in agriculture was not statistically significant.
{"title":"Efficiency Of Agricultural Investments In The Republic Of Serbia","authors":"Dragan Milić, Bogdan Jocić, T. Novaković, Dragana Novaković, Danica Glavaš-Trbić","doi":"10.2478/contagri-2024-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/contagri-2024-0007","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The research analyzes the efficiency of investments in the agricultural sector of the Republic of Serbia. The data used in the research were sourced from the Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia and the Directorate for Agrarian Payments. Over the period from 2012 to 2021, there was an increase in the efficiency of agricultural investments. The results point to a significant increase in investments per hectare compared to the previously analyzed period (1996-2005). The data were processed using standard statistical instruments of descriptive statistics. Additionally, regression analysis was employed to show the impact of investments on the gross value added in this sector. It was established that over the period from 2012 to 2021, the effect of investments on the gross value added in agriculture was not statistically significant.","PeriodicalId":221412,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Agriculture","volume":"110 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141115691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-21DOI: 10.2478/contagri-2024-0013
S. S. Udumann, Kudamuththettuwe Gedara Sanduni Darshika Bandara, S. Ranawana, U.G. Apekshika T. Premathilake, A. Atapattu
In the light of the current fertilizer crisis in Sri Lanka, there has been a notable increase in the demand for organic fertilizers. Consequently, Gliricidia sepium, a nitrogen-fixing tree, has emerged as a viable option serving as green manure and soil amendment in coconut plantations. However, determining the most appropriate stage for lopping Gliricidia to obtain its optimal nutrient compositions remains uncertain. Therefore, the primary objective of this study is to identify the optimal lopping stage of G. sepium as soil amendment in coconut plantations. The experiment was conducted over three months in an established Gliricidia field, following a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replicates. Plant samples were collected at 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 weeks after initial cutting, corresponding to different growth stages. The samples were further analyzed to measure various growth parameters and nutrient contents across the lopping stages. The collected data were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA at a 5% significance level on Minitab 17 software. The results revealed significant differences (P<0.05) in the mean values of growth metrics and nutrient contents across the lopping stages. As the plant matured, the leaf biomass percentage showed a descending trend while the stem biomass percentage had an ascending pattern. At 10 weeks, leaves displayed the highest nitrogen content (3.43%), thus representing the optimal stage for fulfilling the nitrogen requirements of adult coconut palms, with minimal leaf biomass. These findings have identified the optimal lopping stage of G. sepium to maximize its efficacy as green manure for coconut cultivation. It is recommended that future studies further explore potential positive impacts of utilizing G. sepium as an intercropped green manure, thereby promoting sustainable agricultural practices within the coconut sector.
{"title":"Identification of the Optimal Lopping Stage of Gliricidia Sepium used as Manure for Coconut Plantations","authors":"S. S. Udumann, Kudamuththettuwe Gedara Sanduni Darshika Bandara, S. Ranawana, U.G. Apekshika T. Premathilake, A. Atapattu","doi":"10.2478/contagri-2024-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/contagri-2024-0013","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In the light of the current fertilizer crisis in Sri Lanka, there has been a notable increase in the demand for organic fertilizers. Consequently, Gliricidia sepium, a nitrogen-fixing tree, has emerged as a viable option serving as green manure and soil amendment in coconut plantations. However, determining the most appropriate stage for lopping Gliricidia to obtain its optimal nutrient compositions remains uncertain. Therefore, the primary objective of this study is to identify the optimal lopping stage of G. sepium as soil amendment in coconut plantations. The experiment was conducted over three months in an established Gliricidia field, following a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replicates. Plant samples were collected at 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 weeks after initial cutting, corresponding to different growth stages. The samples were further analyzed to measure various growth parameters and nutrient contents across the lopping stages. The collected data were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA at a 5% significance level on Minitab 17 software. The results revealed significant differences (P<0.05) in the mean values of growth metrics and nutrient contents across the lopping stages. As the plant matured, the leaf biomass percentage showed a descending trend while the stem biomass percentage had an ascending pattern. At 10 weeks, leaves displayed the highest nitrogen content (3.43%), thus representing the optimal stage for fulfilling the nitrogen requirements of adult coconut palms, with minimal leaf biomass. These findings have identified the optimal lopping stage of G. sepium to maximize its efficacy as green manure for coconut cultivation. It is recommended that future studies further explore potential positive impacts of utilizing G. sepium as an intercropped green manure, thereby promoting sustainable agricultural practices within the coconut sector.","PeriodicalId":221412,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Agriculture","volume":"93 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141116486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-21DOI: 10.2478/contagri-2024-0015
Teodora Ilić, Kristina Peštović, Dušan Saković, Dijana Rađo
This study investigates earnings management and its determinants in the agricultural and manufacturing sectors, with the aim of promoting the quality of financial reporting. The sample includes 1,381 actively operating companies in AP Vojvodina, Republic of Serbia, in the period from 2019 to 2021. Earnings management activities are identified using discretionary accruals computed with modified Jones model. Panel data analysis reveals that profitability and company size exert a positive and statistically significant influence on earnings management practices. Conversely, sales growth demonstrates a negative and statistically significant impact on earnings management. Furthermore, the analysis across the studied years indicates statistically significant differences in the prevalence of earnings management practices. However, the study found no significant differences in earnings management practices between the agriculture and manufacturing sectors. The significance of this study lies in its potential to provide valuable insights for investors, regulators, and financial analysts, helping them in making informed decisions. Moreover, it contributes to refinement of financial reporting standards and enforcement mechanisms, and enables a more accurate assessment of the financial health and performance of companies in both industries. The research also endeavors to identify sector-specific factors influencing earnings management dynamics, with the aim of enhancing transparency and optimizing decision-making processes in the financial environment.
{"title":"Evaluation of Earnings Management in Relation to the Quality of Financial Reporting: A Comparative Analysis of the Agriculture and Manufacturing Sectors","authors":"Teodora Ilić, Kristina Peštović, Dušan Saković, Dijana Rađo","doi":"10.2478/contagri-2024-0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/contagri-2024-0015","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This study investigates earnings management and its determinants in the agricultural and manufacturing sectors, with the aim of promoting the quality of financial reporting. The sample includes 1,381 actively operating companies in AP Vojvodina, Republic of Serbia, in the period from 2019 to 2021. Earnings management activities are identified using discretionary accruals computed with modified Jones model. Panel data analysis reveals that profitability and company size exert a positive and statistically significant influence on earnings management practices. Conversely, sales growth demonstrates a negative and statistically significant impact on earnings management. Furthermore, the analysis across the studied years indicates statistically significant differences in the prevalence of earnings management practices. However, the study found no significant differences in earnings management practices between the agriculture and manufacturing sectors. The significance of this study lies in its potential to provide valuable insights for investors, regulators, and financial analysts, helping them in making informed decisions. Moreover, it contributes to refinement of financial reporting standards and enforcement mechanisms, and enables a more accurate assessment of the financial health and performance of companies in both industries. The research also endeavors to identify sector-specific factors influencing earnings management dynamics, with the aim of enhancing transparency and optimizing decision-making processes in the financial environment.","PeriodicalId":221412,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Agriculture","volume":"33 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141117100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-21DOI: 10.2478/contagri-2024-0006
Milica Čolović, V. Mitić
An increasing number of consumers are buying organic foods, resulting in an enhancement of the value of this market, which recorded constant growth both before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Concerns for health, environmental protection, animal welfare, and support for the local economy contribute to greater purchases of organic foods, whereas high prices, lack of trust in certification, scarce supply, and unavailability of organic products represent obstacles to their purchase. This paper examined the prevalence of certain types of organic food in purchasing, as well as its relationship with the level of physical activity, gender, education, and age of the consumer. The sample consists of 600 respondents with different socio-demographic characteristics. The SPSS program was used for data processing. In addition to descriptive statistics, non-parametric techniques were also used due to the distribution of scores on the tested variables, which significantly deviates from the normal. The results obtained indicate that among the organic foods in the Republic of Serbia, fruits and vegetables are the most purchased, and that females, persons with higher education, and older people are the most typical buyers.
{"title":"Relationship Between Types Of Organic Food And Socio - Demographic Characteristics Of Buyers In Serbia","authors":"Milica Čolović, V. Mitić","doi":"10.2478/contagri-2024-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/contagri-2024-0006","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 An increasing number of consumers are buying organic foods, resulting in an enhancement of the value of this market, which recorded constant growth both before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Concerns for health, environmental protection, animal welfare, and support for the local economy contribute to greater purchases of organic foods, whereas high prices, lack of trust in certification, scarce supply, and unavailability of organic products represent obstacles to their purchase. This paper examined the prevalence of certain types of organic food in purchasing, as well as its relationship with the level of physical activity, gender, education, and age of the consumer. The sample consists of 600 respondents with different socio-demographic characteristics. The SPSS program was used for data processing. In addition to descriptive statistics, non-parametric techniques were also used due to the distribution of scores on the tested variables, which significantly deviates from the normal. The results obtained indicate that among the organic foods in the Republic of Serbia, fruits and vegetables are the most purchased, and that females, persons with higher education, and older people are the most typical buyers.","PeriodicalId":221412,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Agriculture","volume":"10 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141117571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-21DOI: 10.2478/contagri-2024-0011
Ferenc Kiss, N. Đurišić-Mladenović, Milan Tomić, A. Marjanović-Jeromela
This study aims to investigate the potential for biodiesel production from oilseed crops in Serbia, using a novel assessment method. The method involves calculating the arable land area that can be utilized for raw material production for the biodiesel industry. The available land for the production of biodiesel feedstocks is determined by subtracting the land required to meet the food needs of the domestic population and livestock from the maximum oilseed production area, which is defined as 20% of the total arable land area in Serbia. The findings reveal that approximately 353,000 hectares of land are available for producing raw materials for biodiesel production without compromising the domestic food supply. This land can provide enough raw materials to produce up to 324,000 tonnes of biodiesel annually, equivalent to 15.2% of the total domestic diesel fuel consumption for transportation in 2021.
{"title":"Biodiesel Production Potential from Oilseed Crops in Serbia","authors":"Ferenc Kiss, N. Đurišić-Mladenović, Milan Tomić, A. Marjanović-Jeromela","doi":"10.2478/contagri-2024-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/contagri-2024-0011","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This study aims to investigate the potential for biodiesel production from oilseed crops in Serbia, using a novel assessment method. The method involves calculating the arable land area that can be utilized for raw material production for the biodiesel industry. The available land for the production of biodiesel feedstocks is determined by subtracting the land required to meet the food needs of the domestic population and livestock from the maximum oilseed production area, which is defined as 20% of the total arable land area in Serbia. The findings reveal that approximately 353,000 hectares of land are available for producing raw materials for biodiesel production without compromising the domestic food supply. This land can provide enough raw materials to produce up to 324,000 tonnes of biodiesel annually, equivalent to 15.2% of the total domestic diesel fuel consumption for transportation in 2021.","PeriodicalId":221412,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Agriculture","volume":"9 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141118624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-21DOI: 10.2478/contagri-2024-0004
Kristijan Cokoski, D. Beuković, Vladimir Maletić, M. P. Horvatović, Vladimir Tanovski, M. Vukadinović, Elizabeta Dimitrieska-Stojković, V. Enimiteva
Wild boars, being a common game species, inhabit regions across Eurasia, the southern regions of Asia and certain Indonesian islands. Being omnivorous and due to their relatively long lifespan, wide distribution and a relatively high number of shot animals per annual legal hunting season, they are suitable to be biological indicators of occurrence of heavy metals. Concentrations of cadmium, lead, arsenic and mercury were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometry and cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry in the livers of free-living wild boars (n = 58) from two locations in the Republic of North Macedonia. In all four examined heavy metals, no statistically significant difference between the locations was found (p > 0.05). The mean levels of heavy metals were Cd 0.391 mg/kg and 0.339 mg/kg; Pb 0.213 mg/kg and 0.204 mg/kg; Hg 0.034 mg/kg and 0.037 mg/kg; As 0.035 mg/kg and 0.029 mg/kg in the livers of boars from Bitola and Gevgelija hunting sites, respectively. Although some samples (two samples of Hg, ten samples of Cd and two samples of Pb) exceeded the legal limits, the average values for all heavy metals were far below the maximum permitted values. These findings are promising since they suggest that the ecosystem in the Republic of North Macedonia is stable concerning heavy metal pollution.
{"title":"Occurrence of Heavy Metals (Cd, Pb, As, Hg) in the Liver of Wild Boars in the Republic of North Macedonia","authors":"Kristijan Cokoski, D. Beuković, Vladimir Maletić, M. P. Horvatović, Vladimir Tanovski, M. Vukadinović, Elizabeta Dimitrieska-Stojković, V. Enimiteva","doi":"10.2478/contagri-2024-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/contagri-2024-0004","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Wild boars, being a common game species, inhabit regions across Eurasia, the southern regions of Asia and certain Indonesian islands. Being omnivorous and due to their relatively long lifespan, wide distribution and a relatively high number of shot animals per annual legal hunting season, they are suitable to be biological indicators of occurrence of heavy metals. Concentrations of cadmium, lead, arsenic and mercury were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometry and cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry in the livers of free-living wild boars (n = 58) from two locations in the Republic of North Macedonia. In all four examined heavy metals, no statistically significant difference between the locations was found (p > 0.05). The mean levels of heavy metals were Cd 0.391 mg/kg and 0.339 mg/kg; Pb 0.213 mg/kg and 0.204 mg/kg; Hg 0.034 mg/kg and 0.037 mg/kg; As 0.035 mg/kg and 0.029 mg/kg in the livers of boars from Bitola and Gevgelija hunting sites, respectively. Although some samples (two samples of Hg, ten samples of Cd and two samples of Pb) exceeded the legal limits, the average values for all heavy metals were far below the maximum permitted values. These findings are promising since they suggest that the ecosystem in the Republic of North Macedonia is stable concerning heavy metal pollution.","PeriodicalId":221412,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Agriculture","volume":"47 27","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141113239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-21DOI: 10.2478/contagri-2024-0012
Dalila Fettouch, Ibrahim Berkane, Houari Boulenouar, Mohamed Gorine, Mohammed Benkhelifa, D. R. Dos Santos
Land use in arid and semi-arid regions is a serious challenge for sustainable production, owing not only to drought and climate change but also to water availability. Irrigated perimeters in these regions are subject to secondary salinization that negatively impacts soil quality and agricultural productivity. Monitoring and diagnosing the extent of soil contamination requires a more innovative approach to optimize rehabilitation of affected areas. In the present study, diagnosing of saline soil degradation is conducted by using two key indicators: electrical conductivity of saturated paste extract (ECe) and saturated hydraulic conductivity (HCs). The results of the study reveal that the value of ECe in 85% of the Lower Chellif Plain area (north-west Algeria) is ECe < 2 dS m−1, while 78% of the area is moderately permeable. These findings underscore high spatial variability in salinity distribution, indicating that the process of salinization has not yet reached a critical stage. Furthermore, it is concluded that ECe and HCs are appropriate indicators for diagnosing salinity of soil in relation to its structural and permeability characteristics.
{"title":"Diagnosis of Soil Salinity in the Low-Chellif Plain, North-West Algeria, By Joint Measurements Of Electrical And Hydraulic Conductivities","authors":"Dalila Fettouch, Ibrahim Berkane, Houari Boulenouar, Mohamed Gorine, Mohammed Benkhelifa, D. R. Dos Santos","doi":"10.2478/contagri-2024-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/contagri-2024-0012","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Land use in arid and semi-arid regions is a serious challenge for sustainable production, owing not only to drought and climate change but also to water availability. Irrigated perimeters in these regions are subject to secondary salinization that negatively impacts soil quality and agricultural productivity. Monitoring and diagnosing the extent of soil contamination requires a more innovative approach to optimize rehabilitation of affected areas. In the present study, diagnosing of saline soil degradation is conducted by using two key indicators: electrical conductivity of saturated paste extract (ECe) and saturated hydraulic conductivity (HCs). The results of the study reveal that the value of ECe in 85% of the Lower Chellif Plain area (north-west Algeria) is ECe < 2 dS m−1, while 78% of the area is moderately permeable. These findings underscore high spatial variability in salinity distribution, indicating that the process of salinization has not yet reached a critical stage. Furthermore, it is concluded that ECe and HCs are appropriate indicators for diagnosing salinity of soil in relation to its structural and permeability characteristics.","PeriodicalId":221412,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Agriculture","volume":"30 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141113740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-21DOI: 10.2478/contagri-2024-0009
Aleksandar Miljatović, V. Vukoje
The purpose of this paper is to observe and evaluate the economic viability of Serbian farms engaged in different types of farming on the basis of data obtained from the Serbian Farm Accountancy Data Network of 2021. Farm economic viability was assessed using the opportunity costs of the main factors of production in agriculture (namely labour, land, and capital). The share of unpaid labour was found highest in the livestock farms specialising in milk production and grazing livestock. The farms specialising in permanent crops and horticulture had the largest share of their own utilized agricultural land, representing a very intensive type of farming usually organized on small acreages. The highest share of economically viable farms was recorded in the field crop farming system, followed by horticulture and permanent crops. In the viable group, the field crop farms were dominant with the largest coefficients of short- and long-term viability, which increased with the economic size of the farm. In general, the farms engaged in plant production exhibited much higher economic viability levels than the livestock farms (excluding the granivore farms). The most endangered were the farms specialising in grazing livestock, with the largest proportion of non-viable farms and the lowest coefficients of economic viability. A notable number of these farms lack economic justification for agriculture. However, ceasing agricultural production may not be the best solution for them, particularly as farms in remote rural areas are managed by elderly and low-skilled farmers.
{"title":"Measuring the Economic Viability of Farms in Serbia using the Opportunity Cost Approach","authors":"Aleksandar Miljatović, V. Vukoje","doi":"10.2478/contagri-2024-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/contagri-2024-0009","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The purpose of this paper is to observe and evaluate the economic viability of Serbian farms engaged in different types of farming on the basis of data obtained from the Serbian Farm Accountancy Data Network of 2021. Farm economic viability was assessed using the opportunity costs of the main factors of production in agriculture (namely labour, land, and capital). The share of unpaid labour was found highest in the livestock farms specialising in milk production and grazing livestock. The farms specialising in permanent crops and horticulture had the largest share of their own utilized agricultural land, representing a very intensive type of farming usually organized on small acreages. The highest share of economically viable farms was recorded in the field crop farming system, followed by horticulture and permanent crops. In the viable group, the field crop farms were dominant with the largest coefficients of short- and long-term viability, which increased with the economic size of the farm. In general, the farms engaged in plant production exhibited much higher economic viability levels than the livestock farms (excluding the granivore farms). The most endangered were the farms specialising in grazing livestock, with the largest proportion of non-viable farms and the lowest coefficients of economic viability. A notable number of these farms lack economic justification for agriculture. However, ceasing agricultural production may not be the best solution for them, particularly as farms in remote rural areas are managed by elderly and low-skilled farmers.","PeriodicalId":221412,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Agriculture","volume":"139 41","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141114395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-21DOI: 10.2478/contagri-2024-0014
I. Davidov, O. Stevančević, Jelena Aleksić Radojković, Annamaria Galfi Vukomanović
The goal of this research was to identify lung lesions in slaughtered fatteners originating from registered farms. Evaluation of lung lesions was based on their visible macroscopic features, which were then associated with corresponding diseases. Data on lung lesions in slaughtered fatteners were collected over the period spanning from October to December 2022 from three slaughterhouses (A, B, C), involving 150 fattening animals from each slaughterhouse. The examination of slaughtered pig lungs from all three slaughterhouses in our study revealed that Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae lesions in the lungs are the most prevalent, while Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia and bronchopneumonia occurrences are rare.
{"title":"Evaluation of Pulmonary Lesions in Slaughtered Fatteners as Indicators of Respiratory Diseases in Pigs","authors":"I. Davidov, O. Stevančević, Jelena Aleksić Radojković, Annamaria Galfi Vukomanović","doi":"10.2478/contagri-2024-0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/contagri-2024-0014","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The goal of this research was to identify lung lesions in slaughtered fatteners originating from registered farms. Evaluation of lung lesions was based on their visible macroscopic features, which were then associated with corresponding diseases. Data on lung lesions in slaughtered fatteners were collected over the period spanning from October to December 2022 from three slaughterhouses (A, B, C), involving 150 fattening animals from each slaughterhouse. The examination of slaughtered pig lungs from all three slaughterhouses in our study revealed that Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae lesions in the lungs are the most prevalent, while Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia and bronchopneumonia occurrences are rare.","PeriodicalId":221412,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Agriculture","volume":"14 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141114364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study examined how fermentation and roasting alter the amino acid profile of infant food created from mixtures of sorghum and soybean. Sorghum and soybean were fermented, roasted and both fermented and roasted before milling into flours. Untreated sorghum and soybean flours were also produced to serve as the control. Except for the control samples, each blend had 5% malted sorghum flour added. Weaning foods were prepared with these blends, and their amino acid profiles were determined. The contents of essential amino acids, including histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine, ranged from 2.03 to 2.48 g/100g, 3.39 to 5.22 g/100g, 8.16 to 11.21 g/100g, 4.18 to 6.38 g/100g, 1.45 to 2.41 g/100g, 4.22 to 6.34 g/100g, 3.41 to 5.86 g/100g, 2.98 to 4.30 g/100g, and 4.01 to 6.33 g/100g, respectively. The contents of non-essential amino acids, including alanine, arginine, aspartic acid, cystine, glutamic acid, glycine, proline, and serine, varied between 3.31-6.13 g/100g, 4.93-7.32 g/100g, 10.23-14.33 g/100g, 1.38-2.35 g/100g, 13.64-16.84 g/100g, 3.99-6.35 g/100g, 3.59-5.34 g/100g, and 2.94-4.88 g/100g, respectively. The fermentation and roasting processes were found to significantly enhance the amino acid content of weaning foods with inconsistent effects. Therefore, optimizing these conditions is recommended for weaning blends to maximize health and nutritional benefits for infants and young children.
{"title":"Influence of Fermentation and Roasting on the Amino Acid Profile of Infant Food Created from Mixtures of Sorghum and Soybean","authors":"Esther Anjikwi Msheliza, Rukayyatu Umar Abdulkadir, Anisah Jacks Zongoro, Jelili Babatunde Hussein","doi":"10.2478/contagri-2024-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/contagri-2024-0002","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This study examined how fermentation and roasting alter the amino acid profile of infant food created from mixtures of sorghum and soybean. Sorghum and soybean were fermented, roasted and both fermented and roasted before milling into flours. Untreated sorghum and soybean flours were also produced to serve as the control. Except for the control samples, each blend had 5% malted sorghum flour added. Weaning foods were prepared with these blends, and their amino acid profiles were determined. The contents of essential amino acids, including histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine, ranged from 2.03 to 2.48 g/100g, 3.39 to 5.22 g/100g, 8.16 to 11.21 g/100g, 4.18 to 6.38 g/100g, 1.45 to 2.41 g/100g, 4.22 to 6.34 g/100g, 3.41 to 5.86 g/100g, 2.98 to 4.30 g/100g, and 4.01 to 6.33 g/100g, respectively. The contents of non-essential amino acids, including alanine, arginine, aspartic acid, cystine, glutamic acid, glycine, proline, and serine, varied between 3.31-6.13 g/100g, 4.93-7.32 g/100g, 10.23-14.33 g/100g, 1.38-2.35 g/100g, 13.64-16.84 g/100g, 3.99-6.35 g/100g, 3.59-5.34 g/100g, and 2.94-4.88 g/100g, respectively. The fermentation and roasting processes were found to significantly enhance the amino acid content of weaning foods with inconsistent effects. Therefore, optimizing these conditions is recommended for weaning blends to maximize health and nutritional benefits for infants and young children.","PeriodicalId":221412,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Agriculture","volume":"126 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141115233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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