Reviews in Aquaculture最新文献

A literature search approach (using Scopus®, Elsevier© database) was established to identify peer-reviewed articles published in English between 1960 and 2023 dealing with ‘sustainable aquaculture’ and focusing on specific aquaculture practices (aquaponics, integrated multi-trophic aquaculture, biofloc and recirculating aquaculture systems). Text Mining combined with Topic Analysis was utilized to extract information from the text data of the papers identified. After an appropriate screening procedure, 1111 articles were selected. The analysis showed a gradual increase in sustainable aquaculture publications over time, peaking at more than 200 publications in 2023. The first articles on biofloc, integrated multi-trophic aquaculture and recirculating aquaculture systems as alternative aquaculture practices began to appear in 2010, while studies in aquaponics have only been published since 2015. Most publications (40%) came from Asia, in line with the leadership of this continent in aquaculture. European also showed considerable interest in sustainable aquaculture practices, with Italy (leader in publications), Portugal and Germany researchers contributing with 111 papers on the subject in the past 30 years. This study identified the main research topics on the subject and observed how these have evolved. The papers analysed dealt mainly with optimization of aquatic life, genetic in aquaculture and disease management. The topic of protein replacement in feed was also important, with the term ‘diet’ the most frequently utilized in papers. The subjects identified could serve as valuable primary data source, offering opportunities for deeper examination, such as systematic reviews on research topics or geographic regions.

In the wake of global population increases and stagnating capture fishery production, there exists a requirement for novel biotechnologies to increase aquaculture productivity to offset demand. Through recognition of limitations imposed by aquaculture—increased incidence of disease, stress, cannibalism, and mortality in captivity—researchers continue to investigate RNA interference (RNAi) and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) technologies for their potential to alleviate these at a genetic level. In decapods, with the exception of generating desirable all-male monosex populations in Macrobrachium rosenbergii, RNAi and CRISPR technologies have yet to provide a significant commercial use case. This literature review provides a comprehensive examination of RNAi and CRISPR in decapods, along with popular delivery methods (injection/microinjection; electroporation; receptor-mediated ovary transduction of cargo [ReMOT]; and nanoparticles). It identifies a number of limitations including scalability bottlenecks imposed by RNAi delivery methods, and deferred gene editing progress as a result of CRISPR's infancy. Finally, it recognises gene editing induced gene silencing (GEiGS®) as a novel method for silencing gene expression, and suggests an interim examination of transgenerational gene silencing (TGS) (‘parental RNAi’) in decapods to enhance aquaculture productivity.

Aquaculture has emerged as a pivotal alternative for seafood production, addressing the challenges posed by depleting wild fish stocks. However, the industry faces substantial challenges, notably the presence of harmful algal blooms (HABs), which can cause serious economic consequences. The proliferation of major species of phytoflagellates leading to massive fish mortality is on the rise, possibly attributed to increasing global temperatures and eutrophication. This underscores the critical need for robust detection, prevention, and mitigation strategies to safeguard the aquaculture industry. This contribution offers valuable insights into comprehending and addressing the challenges posed by HABs in the fish aquaculture sector in an era of global change.

The consumption of seafood is driven by flavour, yet achieving its high quality remains a challenge for many species reared in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS). A comprehensive knowledge of off-odour sources in aquatic foods is indispensable in ensuring flavour quality standards. At the beginning of the production chain, early post-harvest lipid oxidation products develop into endogenous off-odours and accumulate over time. These malodours add to those already absorbed exogenously, namely from the water and feeds, although the information on the interactions between these sources is currently scarce. Despite geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol receiving significant attention in relation to fish off-flavour, only limited knowledge on the molecular and ecological mechanisms driving their production in aquatic environments has been reported. Moreover, RAS-hosted bacteria have been associated with a wide range of other odour-active compounds, such as pyrazines, terpenoids, and other degradation byproducts that are frequently overlooked when studying flavour taint in fish. The influence of aquaculture feeds on the flavour of fish flesh has been underestimated, too, both as a source of off-odours but also as a novel modulator strategy to achieve desirable aquatic food flavours. Finally, the influence of water treatment processes widely used in RAS operations, such as advance oxidation process, ozone, ultraviolet and hydrogen peroxide disinfections, is greatly underexplored with respect to odour quality. This article reviews the current scientific evidence with supporting data on the chemical diversity of off-odours found in aquaculture fish worldwide and their potential sources and highlights knowledge gaps that should be addressed in future research.