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Towards sustainable water disinfection with peracetic acid in aquaculture: A review 在水产养殖中使用过氧乙酸进行可持续的水消毒:综述
IF 10.4 1区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-03 DOI: 10.1111/raq.12915
Dibo Liu, David L. Straus, Lars‐Flemming Pedersen, Christopher Good, Carlo C. Lazado, Thomas Meinelt
Peracetic acid (PAA) has a long history as an efficacious and eco‐friendly disinfectant. It was first synthesised in 1902, and since then a wide range of applications has been developed in various industries. Aquaculture is a more recent industry wherein the potential of PAA is significant. As the global demand for sustainable development increases, there has likewise been growing interest in using PAA in aquaculture as an alternative to less environmentally friendly practices. PAA has no carcinogenic risk to humans (unlike formalin), has negligible harmful by‐products (unlike chlorine‐based disinfectants) and with appropriate precautions, the risks of causing severe human health damage is easier to control than ozone. Fish show strong physiological recovery and adaptation to PAA, whereas susceptible life stages of pathogens are highly vulnerable, enabling a safe and efficacious disinfection of the entire culture water and not the flow‐restricted disinfection by such processes as ultraviolet radiation or ozone. The effective concentration of PAA against many fish pathogens is usually below 2 mg L−1, which is tolerable for most fish, and it has very low environmental risk due to rapid degradation. However, such degradation and the hydrodynamics in production‐scale aquaculture systems complicate the practical use of PAA. In this review, we summarise key results of safe concentrations of PAA and its effectiveness specifically for fish farmers. We also outline major difficulties and possible solutions for practical uses of PAA. We intend to bring global attention to this compound and inspire future possibilities for its sustainable use as a water disinfectant in aquaculture.
过乙酸(PAA)作为一种高效、环保的消毒剂由来已久。它于 1902 年首次被合成,此后在各行各业得到了广泛的应用。水产养殖业是 PAA 潜力巨大的一个新兴产业。随着全球对可持续发展需求的增加,人们同样对在水产养殖中使用 PAA 替代不那么环保的做法越来越感兴趣。PAA 对人类没有致癌风险(与福尔马林不同),其有害副产品微乎其微(与氯基消毒剂不同),只要采取适当的预防措施,对人类健康造成严重损害的风险比臭氧更容易控制。鱼类对 PAA 有很强的生理恢复和适应能力,而病原体的易感生命阶段则非常脆弱,因此可以对整个养殖水体进行安全有效的消毒,而不是采用紫外线辐射或臭氧等工艺进行限流消毒。PAA 对许多鱼类病原体的有效浓度通常低于 2 mg L-1,这对大多数鱼类来说都是可以承受的,而且由于降解迅速,对环境的风险很低。然而,这种降解和生产规模水产养殖系统中的流体力学使 PAA 的实际使用复杂化。在这篇综述中,我们总结了 PAA 安全浓度的主要结果及其对养鱼户的具体效果。我们还概述了 PAA 实际使用中的主要困难和可能的解决方案。我们希望引起全球对这一化合物的关注,并激发未来将其作为水产养殖中水消毒剂持续使用的可能性。
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引用次数: 0
Nutrition and feeds for abalone: Current knowledge and future directions 鲍鱼的营养和饲料:现有知识和未来方向
IF 10.4 1区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.1111/raq.12911
Xinxin Li, Dong Huang, Mingzhu Pan, Javad Sahandi, Zhenhua Wu, Kangsen Mai, Wenbing Zhang
Abalone is a commercially important mariculture mollusc because of its nutrient‐rich value and extensive market demand. To date, over 95% of the abalone supply has been contributed by farming. Macroalgae are the natural food of abalones. However, the supply of macroalgae is unstable owing to seasonal restrictions. This limits the success of abalone farming. Therefore, formulated diets are crucial for the ongoing expansion and sustainable development of abalone culture. The most important considerations in formulated diets are the nutrient composition and commercially available feed ingredients. This review presents a comprehensive description of the nutrient requirements of abalones and the role that nutrients play in regulating abalone growth and health. The dietary proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, macroalgae sources and feed additives currently used in abalone feeds were subsequently summarised. Additionally, this review also highlights the importance of prioritizing the development of sustainable alternative sources of proteins, carbohydrates and macroalgae to meet the increasing demand for abalone feed. Based on the information provided, future directions in the knowledge of abalone nutrition and feeds are subsequently discussed, which will guide further research towards the development of well‐balanced commercial feeds that enhance feed utilisation and promote abalone growth and health.
鲍鱼营养丰富,市场需求广泛,因此是一种具有重要商业价值的海水养殖软体动物。迄今为止,95% 以上的鲍鱼供应来自养殖业。大型藻类是鲍鱼的天然食物。然而,由于季节限制,大型藻类的供应并不稳定。这限制了鲍鱼养殖的成功。因此,配方日粮对于鲍鱼养殖的不断扩大和可持续发展至关重要。配制日粮最重要的考虑因素是营养成分和市售饲料原料。本综述全面介绍了鲍鱼对营养物质的需求以及营养物质在调节鲍鱼生长和健康方面所起的作用。随后总结了鲍鱼饲料中目前使用的膳食蛋白质、脂类、碳水化合物、大型藻类来源和饲料添加剂。此外,本综述还强调了优先开发可持续替代蛋白质、碳水化合物和大型藻类来源的重要性,以满足对鲍鱼饲料日益增长的需求。根据所提供的信息,随后讨论了鲍鱼营养和饲料知识的未来发展方向,这将指导进一步的研究,以开发均衡的商业饲料,提高饲料利用率,促进鲍鱼的生长和健康。
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引用次数: 0
Adaptation of cultured decapod crustaceans to changing salinities: Physiological responses, molecular mechanisms and disease implications 养殖的十足类甲壳动物对盐度变化的适应:生理反应、分子机制和疾病影响
IF 10.4 1区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-03-31 DOI: 10.1111/raq.12909
Yousuf Dar Jaffer, Irfan Ahmad Bhat, Ishfaq Nazir Mir, Raja Aadil Hussain Bhat, M. Junaid Sidiq, Prasanta Jana
In recent years, the production of economically important crustaceans, and decapods in inland saline areas has increased considerably. The osmoregulatory capacity of these decapods renders them culturable in wide salinity ranges, contributing to a global industry valued at billions of dollars. Therefore, gaining insights into the fundamental mechanisms that drive the adaptive capacity of crustaceans to thrive in diverse salinity ranges is essential. This comprehensive review paper unveils the pivotal adaptations of decapods that allow them to flourish in diverse salinities, ranging from freshwater to saline waters. This article discusses the molecular mechanisms of osmoregulation in decapod crustaceans with more emphasis on Litopenaeus vannammei. Moreover, the importance of maintaining an ideal osmotic balance for efficient digestion and nutrient absorption in L. vannamei is discussed. Furthermore, the effect of salinity on disease resistance in these species is explored, highlighting the need for effective disease management in aquaculture. Overall, this review explores the multifaceted factors influencing decapod crustaceans' adaptation to shifting salinities and also emphasizes the ongoing need for continued research in this domain.
近年来,内陆盐碱地区具有重要经济价值的甲壳类和十足目动物的产量大幅增加。这些十足目动物的渗透调节能力使它们可以在很宽的盐度范围内养殖,为价值数十亿美元的全球产业做出了贡献。因此,深入了解驱动甲壳动物在不同盐度范围内繁衍生息的适应能力的基本机制至关重要。这篇综合性综述论文揭示了使十足目动物能够在从淡水到盐水的不同盐度环境中繁衍生息的关键适应性。本文讨论了十足类甲壳动物渗透调节的分子机制,重点是万年青。此外,文章还讨论了保持理想的渗透平衡对万年青有效消化和吸收营养的重要性。此外,还探讨了盐度对这些物种抗病性的影响,强调了在水产养殖中进行有效疾病管理的必要性。总之,本综述探讨了影响十足甲壳动物适应盐度变化的多方面因素,并强调了在这一领域继续开展研究的必要性。
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引用次数: 0
Invisible plastics problem in intensive aquaculture: The case of polyvinylpyrrolidone 集约化水产养殖中的隐形塑料问题:聚乙烯吡咯烷酮案例
IF 10.4 1区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-03-26 DOI: 10.1111/raq.12910
Charlotte Robison-Smith, Jo Cable
For over 70 years, aquaculture practices have relied on the same methods for biosecurity, however epidemics remain a primary limitation of global aquaculture yields with billions in revenue being lost every year due to disease. The intense nature of fish and shellfish farming necessitates the regular use of synthetic chemicals as both preventive and treatment measures, covering broodstocks to hatching and continuing through all stages of rearing. This practice, however, results in the contamination of rearing environments with persistent xenobiotics. A specific drawback in this foundational strategy for aquaculture biosecurity is highlighted in the current review: the consistent use of a water-soluble polymer polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) across most, if not all, stages of rearing aquacultural livestock. PVP is used intensively within aquaculture practices as it is a ubiquitous additive within commercially available germicidal, prophylactic, and therapeutic products applied to control and prevent disease outbreaks within aquacultural farms. As a polymer, PVP is synthetic and biodegradation-resistant, and has recently been described as an emerging contaminant of freshwater ecosystems. It is well documented that other persistent, synthetic polymer pollutants such as microplastics, reduce the fecundity, growth, and significantly deplete immune function in commercially important aquatic species. Despite this, intentionally added persistent soluble polymers, such as PVP, have not been considered in the context of aquaculture productivity. This review explores the potential impact of PVP on fish and shellfish highlighting the need for aquaculture to adopt sustainable chemical practices, drawing inspiration from advancements in nanotechnology applied within human medicines to address biosecurity protocol deficiencies.
70 多年来,水产养殖一直采用相同的生物安全方法,但流行病仍然是全球水产养殖产量的主要限制因素,每年因疾病造成的收入损失高达数十亿美元。由于鱼类和贝类养殖的密集性,有必要定期使用合成化学品作为预防和治疗措施,包括从育雏到孵化以及饲养的各个阶段。然而,这种做法会导致饲养环境受到持久性异生物的污染。本综述强调了这一水产养殖生物安全基本战略的一个具体缺陷:在水产养殖牲畜的大多数(如果不是全部)饲养阶段,始终使用水溶性聚合物聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)。聚乙烯吡咯烷酮在水产养殖过程中被大量使用,因为它是市场上常见的杀菌、预防和治疗产品的添加剂,用于控制和预防水产养殖场的疾病爆发。作为一种聚合物,PVP 具有合成和生物降解抗性,最近被描述为淡水生态系统的一种新污染物。有资料表明,其他持久性合成聚合物污染物(如微塑料)会降低重要商业水生物种的繁殖力和生长速度,并严重削弱其免疫功能。尽管如此,有意添加的持久性可溶性聚合物(如 PVP)尚未被纳入水产养殖生产力的考虑范围。本综述探讨了 PVP 对鱼类和贝类的潜在影响,强调了水产养殖业采用可持续化学方法的必要性,并从应用于人类药物的纳米技术的进步中汲取灵感,以解决生物安全协议的缺陷。
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引用次数: 0
Portuguese-Brazilian abstracts 葡萄牙语-巴西语摘要
IF 10.4 1区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-03-20 DOI: 10.1111/raq.12904
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引用次数: 0
Spanish abstracts 西班牙文摘要
IF 10.4 1区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-03-20 DOI: 10.1111/raq.12896
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引用次数: 0
Novel and continuous scientific and technical breakthroughs increase value and efficiency in aquaculture 不断取得新的科技突破,提高水产养殖的价值和效率
IF 10.4 1区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-03-20 DOI: 10.1111/raq.12907
Qingchao Wang, Pin Nie

The efficiency of aquaculture in producing high-quality fishery or aquatic products can be significantly improved with methodological breakthroughs and conceptual innovations.1 The increasing exchanges and cooperations among aquaculture scientists and enterprisers since 2022 should further provoke the idea and technical innovation for the sustainable development of aquaculture. During a visit to Australia in 2023, Dr. Qingchao Wang, a junior editorial board member of this journal and one of the two authors of this editorial, visited functional food exhibitions with aquatic products and discussed about offshore aquaculture and gene editing development with Australian scientists.

Coincidently, in this issue, it is found that these topics are well reflected, with articles also covering aquatic animal diseases, immunity, genetics and breeding, nutrition utilisation and feed sources, microbiome and homeostasis, fish exercise and deformities, bioflocs, and sustainability.

It is of interest to note that offshore aquaculture in deep sea has recently been a focus of mariculture development in China, which could overcome multiple limitations in coastal waters. In this issue, Dong et al.2 summarised the advancements and hurdles of deeper offshore aquaculture in China. The authors illustrated the existing 40 sets of offshore aquaculture infrastructure and also pointed out that the current development trajectory is struggling to meet its goals in increasing production and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. However, environmental management of offshore aquaculture is recognised as important for its sustainability. In this issue, Simone and Vopel3 addressed the importance of proactive environmental management by incorporating solute exchange measurements in offshore aquaculture. They argued the necessity to define the metabolic capacity of the receiving environment and to quantify the organic assimilation capacity of the seafloor. As concluded in the article, a comprehensive understanding of settled farm wastes with broad measurements including geochemical and macrofauna community metrics, diagenetic models and predictive modelling should be important to give farmers confidence to expand their production sustainably.

The CRISPR-Cas9-based gene editing has been tested in several species of fish in aquaculture, which is considered as potential for creating varieties of species for aquaculture, and in this issue, genetic breeding of oyster and kelp is also analysed. Gene-edited organisms may become ideally suitable for environmental sustainability by improving animal welfare, nutritional attributes and farming efficiency; however, the application of gene editing may be also challenging in terms of public acceptance, sustainability and regulation, and so forth. Robinson et al.4 provided a framework for risk–benefit analysis with nine key consideratio

1 自 2022 年以来,水产养殖科学家和企业之间的交流与合作日益增多,这应进一步激发水产 养殖可持续发展的理念和技术创新。2023 年,本刊初级编委、本期社论两位作者之一王庆超博士在访问澳大利亚期间,参观了水产功能性食品展,并与澳大利亚科学家探讨了近海养殖和基因编辑的发展。巧合的是,在本期杂志中,我们发现这些主题都得到了很好的体现,文章还涉及水生动物疾病、免疫、遗传与育种、营养利用与饲料来源、微生物组与平衡、鱼类运动与畸形、生物絮体和可持续性等方面。本期,Dong 等人2 总结了中国深海近海养殖的进展和障碍。作者介绍了现有的 40 套近海水产养殖基础设施,并指出目前的发展轨迹难以实现增产和减少温室气体排放的目标。然而,近海水产养殖的环境管理被认为对其可持续性非常重要。在本期杂志中,Simone 和 Vopel3 通过将溶质交换测量纳入近海水产养殖,探讨了主动环境管理的重要性。他们认为有必要确定接收环境的新陈代谢能力,并量化海底的有机同化能力。正如文章所总结的,通过广泛的测量,包括地球化学和大型水底生物群落指标、成因模型和预测建模,全面了解沉淀的养殖场废物,对于让养殖户有信心可持续地扩大生产非常重要。基于CRISPR-Cas9的基因编辑已在多个水产养殖鱼类物种中进行了测试,被认为具有创造水产养殖物种品种的潜力,本期还分析了牡蛎和海带的遗传育种。基因编辑生物可通过改善动物福利、营养属性和养殖效率,成为环境可持续发展的理想选择;然而,基因编辑的应用在公众接受度、可持续性和监管等方面也可能面临挑战。罗宾逊等人4 提供了一个风险效益分析框架,包括基因影响、生态影响、疾病风险缓解、编辑性质、供应链环境足迹、动物福利、人类营养、商业道德影响和对当地社区的影响等九个主要考虑因素,作为评估在水产养殖中使用基因编辑的指南。对基因编辑在水产养殖中的潜在益处和害处的评估应由科学家和业界,乃至整个社会来考虑。营养物质的利用也是决定水产养殖效率的关键因素,这需要基础研究和进一步研究,并需要探索包括微藻在内的新饲料原料。本期,Bu 等人5 综述了中国水产养殖营养研究和饲料工业的历史和成就。人们普遍认为,水产养殖可以提供有营养、有价值的产品,其中一些甚至可以开发成功能性食品补充剂。然而,水产养殖正面临着新的养殖系统、新型生物技术和饲料加工技术的挑战,这些技术可以进一步显著提高水产养殖效率。水产养殖中科技突破的实际应用也应从可持续发展的角度进行评估,这可能对未来水产养殖的社会意识和可接受性很重要。
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引用次数: 0
Arabic Abstract 阿拉伯文摘要
IF 10.4 1区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-03-20 DOI: 10.1111/raq.12901
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引用次数: 0
Chinese abstracts 中文摘要
IF 10.4 1区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-03-20 DOI: 10.1111/raq.12902
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引用次数: 0
Protein and lipid nutrition in crabs 螃蟹的蛋白质和脂质营养
IF 10.4 1区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-03-11 DOI: 10.1111/raq.12908
Noah Esmaeili, Hongyu Ma, Sunil Kadri, Douglas R. Tocher
Understanding the nutrition of crabs has a key role in ensuring the success and sustainability of their culture, as providing a well-balanced, cost-effective and sustainable diet that ensures the survival, growth and health of crabs is crucial. The present review is the first to focus primarily on the current state of knowledge of the nutrient requirements and related nutritional aspects in farmed crab species. The most common farmed and studied crabs are the Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis Milne-Edwards, 1853), giant mud crab (Scylla serrata Forsskal, 1775), green mud crab (Scylla paramamosain Estampador, 1949) and swimming crab (Portunus trituberculatus Miers, 1876). The article reviews how levels of dietary protein and lipid, the two most important and expensive macronutrient ingredients for most marine animals, directly affect reproduction, growth performance and survival of crabs, and the important impacts they have on immune response and antioxidant capacity. Furthermore, essential amino acids, and essential fatty acids, especially the long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, as well as key lipid classes such as cholesterol and phospholipid will be discussed in terms of dietary requirements. Nutrient digestibility is a crucial method to determine protein quality, and studies on this topic in crabs were covered. The replacement of fishmeal and fish oil, as the predominant ingredients traditionally used in aquafeeds for marine animals, with more sustainable alternatives in diet formulations for crabs are also discussed. Modern ‘omics’ studies and high-throughput technologies as fast-growing approaches in protein and lipid research are also covered. Crabs generally require approximately 35%–50% protein, 5%–10% lipid, ~2.5% arginine, ~2.5% lysine, 1.5%–2.5% phenylalanine, 2.2% leucine, 0.7% tryptophan, 0.7% taurine, 1%–2% each of eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid, 1% cholesterol and ~2% phospholipid in their diets.
了解螃蟹的营养对确保其养殖的成功和可持续性具有关键作用,因为提供均衡、具有成本效益和可持续的膳食以确保螃蟹的存活、生长和健康至关重要。本综述首次主要关注养殖蟹类的营养需求和相关营养方面的知识现状。最常见的养殖蟹和研究蟹是中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis Milne-Edwards,1853 年)、大泥蟹(Scylla serrata Forsskal,1775 年)、绿泥蟹(Scylla paramamosain Estampador,1949 年)和游蟹(Portunus trituberculatus Miers,1876 年)。文章回顾了膳食蛋白质和脂质这两种对大多数海洋动物来说最重要、最昂贵的宏量营养成分的水平如何直接影响螃蟹的繁殖、生长性能和存活率,以及它们对免疫反应和抗氧化能力的重要影响。此外,还将从膳食需求的角度讨论必需氨基酸、必需脂肪酸(尤其是长链多不饱和脂肪酸)以及胆固醇和磷脂等主要脂类。营养消化率是确定蛋白质质量的重要方法,将介绍有关螃蟹这一主题的研究。此外,还讨论了在螃蟹日粮配方中用更可持续的替代品取代鱼粉和鱼油这些传统上用于海洋动物水产饲料的主要成分。还讨论了现代 "omics "研究和高通量技术作为蛋白质和脂质研究中快速发展的方法。螃蟹的日粮中一般需要约 35%-50% 的蛋白质、5%-10% 的脂质、约 2.5% 的精氨酸、约 2.5% 的赖氨酸、1.5%-2.5% 的苯丙氨酸、2.2% 的亮氨酸、0.7% 的色氨酸、0.7% 的牛磺酸、1%-2% 的二十碳五烯酸、二十二碳六烯酸和花生四烯酸、1% 的胆固醇和约 2% 的磷脂。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Reviews in Aquaculture
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