Pub Date : 2022-11-02DOI: 10.1080/1463922X.2022.2033876
Shan G. Lakhmani, Catherine Neubauer, Andrea S. Krausman, Sean M. Fitzhugh, Samantha Berg, Julia L. Wright, E. Rovira, Jordan Blackman, Kristin E. Schaefer
Abstract Cohesion is an important property of teams that can affect individual teammates and team outcomes. However, cohesion in teams that include autonomous systems as teammates is an underexplored topic. We examine the extant literature on cohesion in human teams, then build on that foundation to advance the understanding of cohesion in human–autonomy teams, both similarities and differences. We describe team cohesion, the various definitions, factors, dimensions and associated benefits and detriments. We discuss how that element may be affected when the team includes an autonomous teammate with each description. Finally, we identify specific factors of human–autonomy interaction that may be relevant to cohesion, then articulate future research questions critical to advancing science for effective human–autonomy teams. Relevance Statement: The human team literature has provided a foundation onto which human–autonomy team research can build, but the team dynamics, and subsequent states, established in multi-human teams are expected to differ in human–autonomy teams. This manuscript focuses on cohesion, one such state and synthesises elements of human team cohesion and human–autonomy interaction to detail expectations for cohesion in human–autonomy teams. These expectations can serve as a launch point for future research.
{"title":"Cohesion in human–autonomy teams: an approach for future research","authors":"Shan G. Lakhmani, Catherine Neubauer, Andrea S. Krausman, Sean M. Fitzhugh, Samantha Berg, Julia L. Wright, E. Rovira, Jordan Blackman, Kristin E. Schaefer","doi":"10.1080/1463922X.2022.2033876","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1463922X.2022.2033876","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Cohesion is an important property of teams that can affect individual teammates and team outcomes. However, cohesion in teams that include autonomous systems as teammates is an underexplored topic. We examine the extant literature on cohesion in human teams, then build on that foundation to advance the understanding of cohesion in human–autonomy teams, both similarities and differences. We describe team cohesion, the various definitions, factors, dimensions and associated benefits and detriments. We discuss how that element may be affected when the team includes an autonomous teammate with each description. Finally, we identify specific factors of human–autonomy interaction that may be relevant to cohesion, then articulate future research questions critical to advancing science for effective human–autonomy teams. Relevance Statement: The human team literature has provided a foundation onto which human–autonomy team research can build, but the team dynamics, and subsequent states, established in multi-human teams are expected to differ in human–autonomy teams. This manuscript focuses on cohesion, one such state and synthesises elements of human team cohesion and human–autonomy interaction to detail expectations for cohesion in human–autonomy teams. These expectations can serve as a launch point for future research.","PeriodicalId":22852,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48064903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.1080/1463922X.2022.2134940
María José Araya León, Ricardo Guasch, A. T. Estévez, Javier Peña
Abstract Given that human being inhabits approximately 80% of the time within the built environment, it is necessary to understand how this affects them. Therefore, this article analyzes the state of the art on the interaction between the interior built environment and the human being, -their health and well-being- with a holistic view. Considering the perceived and not perceived aspects. And the psychological and biological responses of human beings. Through an integrative review developed at the WOS database, between 1998 and 2018 with the question: What are the parameters that have been studied of the interaction between human beings and the built environment, perceived and not perceived, related to health and well-being? and In what contexts have these issues been scientifically developed from a systemic perspective? With 11,997 titles filtered, 244 articles are analyzed. Among the main results, it is observed that the most studied context is the domestic one, followed by the work and educational context. Air quality is the most intervened parameter, followed by the physical-environmental parameters. And it is observed that matter is occasionally related to human parameters. This article proposes a vision focused on interdisciplinarity, which allows updating knowledge and contributing to evidence-based design methods.
{"title":"Interaction between the interior built environment and the human being. An integrative review in relation to perception, health, and well-being","authors":"María José Araya León, Ricardo Guasch, A. T. Estévez, Javier Peña","doi":"10.1080/1463922X.2022.2134940","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1463922X.2022.2134940","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Given that human being inhabits approximately 80% of the time within the built environment, it is necessary to understand how this affects them. Therefore, this article analyzes the state of the art on the interaction between the interior built environment and the human being, -their health and well-being- with a holistic view. Considering the perceived and not perceived aspects. And the psychological and biological responses of human beings. Through an integrative review developed at the WOS database, between 1998 and 2018 with the question: What are the parameters that have been studied of the interaction between human beings and the built environment, perceived and not perceived, related to health and well-being? and In what contexts have these issues been scientifically developed from a systemic perspective? With 11,997 titles filtered, 244 articles are analyzed. Among the main results, it is observed that the most studied context is the domestic one, followed by the work and educational context. Air quality is the most intervened parameter, followed by the physical-environmental parameters. And it is observed that matter is occasionally related to human parameters. This article proposes a vision focused on interdisciplinarity, which allows updating knowledge and contributing to evidence-based design methods.","PeriodicalId":22852,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48700385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-26DOI: 10.1080/1463922X.2022.2135788
Shemelis Nesibu Wodajeneh, Daniel Kitawu Azene, B. Abebe, Kassu Jilcha Sileyew, Gezahegn Tesfaye Dadi
Abstract The purpose of this study is to synthesise ergonomic risk factors and their consequences on the well-being of employees working from the remote workplace. A comprehensive search was conducted in 15 databases ranging from June 1996 until January 2022. All qualitative and mixed method was explored related to ergonomic risk factors in remote workplace. Two independent reviewers were selected for inclusion and assessed each study quality. A systematic review and meta-synthesis guidelines were used to synthesise the findings of the included articles. The finding indicated that 26 articles met the inclusion and quality criteria. Nine key ergonomic risk factors were identified in the remote workplace. Moreover, back pain, pain in the neck, depression and vocal disorder were the identified musculoskeletal disorder in the remote workplace. Finally, a hypothetical model, and wellness wheel, which show the relationship among the nine ergonomic risk factors, workplace wellness and musculoskeletal-disorder were proposed. Hence, awkward posture, poor working environment, psychosocial risk factors, poor work-spaces design and work overload are the most dominantly studied ergonomic risk factors. Lower and upper back pain, pain in the neck and depression are also the most studied musculoskeletal disorders that affect the well-being of employees in the remote workplace.
{"title":"Ergonomic risk factors analysis in remote workplace","authors":"Shemelis Nesibu Wodajeneh, Daniel Kitawu Azene, B. Abebe, Kassu Jilcha Sileyew, Gezahegn Tesfaye Dadi","doi":"10.1080/1463922X.2022.2135788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1463922X.2022.2135788","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The purpose of this study is to synthesise ergonomic risk factors and their consequences on the well-being of employees working from the remote workplace. A comprehensive search was conducted in 15 databases ranging from June 1996 until January 2022. All qualitative and mixed method was explored related to ergonomic risk factors in remote workplace. Two independent reviewers were selected for inclusion and assessed each study quality. A systematic review and meta-synthesis guidelines were used to synthesise the findings of the included articles. The finding indicated that 26 articles met the inclusion and quality criteria. Nine key ergonomic risk factors were identified in the remote workplace. Moreover, back pain, pain in the neck, depression and vocal disorder were the identified musculoskeletal disorder in the remote workplace. Finally, a hypothetical model, and wellness wheel, which show the relationship among the nine ergonomic risk factors, workplace wellness and musculoskeletal-disorder were proposed. Hence, awkward posture, poor working environment, psychosocial risk factors, poor work-spaces design and work overload are the most dominantly studied ergonomic risk factors. Lower and upper back pain, pain in the neck and depression are also the most studied musculoskeletal disorders that affect the well-being of employees in the remote workplace.","PeriodicalId":22852,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42334975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-18DOI: 10.1080/1463922X.2022.2134483
Riba Maria Kurian, Shinto K Thomas
Abstract Software development depends heavily on human efforts and collaborations, which are simultaneously influenced by human emotions, and it is considered among the most difficult tasks. Software developers are susceptible to various health concerns such as burnout, anxiety and depression due to the work nature and demands of the software industry, and this may have detrimental effects on their performance. However, evidence portray significant beneficial effects of positive emotions on well-being, growth, and success. Accordingly, this paper investigates the relevance of positive emotions among software developers and strives to understand how positive emotions benefit developers’ performance. It surveys literature that examine the importance of affect among developers and the benefits of positive emotions on human well-being and employs a narrative style to present these aspects. This review discusses the potential mechanisms that underlie the association between frequent experiences of positive emotions and improved performance and suggests that positive emotions benefit developers’ performance. This emotional awareness has the potential to enhance the developer efficacy, thus contributing to the discipline of ergonomics. Findings also have positive implications for organisational counsellors as they help in developing and maintaining a positive organisational climate.
{"title":"Importance of positive emotions in software developers’ performance: a narrative review","authors":"Riba Maria Kurian, Shinto K Thomas","doi":"10.1080/1463922X.2022.2134483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1463922X.2022.2134483","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Software development depends heavily on human efforts and collaborations, which are simultaneously influenced by human emotions, and it is considered among the most difficult tasks. Software developers are susceptible to various health concerns such as burnout, anxiety and depression due to the work nature and demands of the software industry, and this may have detrimental effects on their performance. However, evidence portray significant beneficial effects of positive emotions on well-being, growth, and success. Accordingly, this paper investigates the relevance of positive emotions among software developers and strives to understand how positive emotions benefit developers’ performance. It surveys literature that examine the importance of affect among developers and the benefits of positive emotions on human well-being and employs a narrative style to present these aspects. This review discusses the potential mechanisms that underlie the association between frequent experiences of positive emotions and improved performance and suggests that positive emotions benefit developers’ performance. This emotional awareness has the potential to enhance the developer efficacy, thus contributing to the discipline of ergonomics. Findings also have positive implications for organisational counsellors as they help in developing and maintaining a positive organisational climate.","PeriodicalId":22852,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59868718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-14DOI: 10.1080/1463922X.2022.2134941
G. Lintern, P. N. Kugler
Abstract Emergence has been proposed as an important construct for research on the safety of sociotechnical systems. There is, however, some dissension about the fundamental nature of emergence. Furthermore, there is little clarity on how this construct might be used within safety research to guide analysis or design of sociotechnical systems. Emergence has proven to be a challenging construct to pin down in disciplines such as philosophy and computer science. Most troubling is that the distinction between emergent and non-emergent phenomena remains unclear. Here we offer a pragmatic view by outlining models of different types of emergence. We subsequently argue that one type, functional–semantic emergence, bears on a crucial distinction between Safety I and Safety II as discussed within system safety research. We conclude that safety of sociotechnical systems can be enhanced by integrating retroactive control of non-emergent phenomena with proactive control of emergent phenomena where retroactive control is achieved through use of rules and procedures and proactive control is achieved through attention to subtle information and use of recognition-primed decisions. Practitioner Summary Emergence has recently been invoked as an important construct in the systems safety literature. There is, nevertheless, some dissension in that literature regarding the nature of emergence and there is little explanation of how it can inform an approach to system safety. Here we contrast different models of emergence as a means of clarifying the nature of emergence and non-emergence. From there, we argue that the contrast between emergence and non-emergence can inform the contrast between Safety I and Safety II approaches to system safety.
{"title":"Emergence and non-emergence for system safety","authors":"G. Lintern, P. N. Kugler","doi":"10.1080/1463922X.2022.2134941","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1463922X.2022.2134941","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Emergence has been proposed as an important construct for research on the safety of sociotechnical systems. There is, however, some dissension about the fundamental nature of emergence. Furthermore, there is little clarity on how this construct might be used within safety research to guide analysis or design of sociotechnical systems. Emergence has proven to be a challenging construct to pin down in disciplines such as philosophy and computer science. Most troubling is that the distinction between emergent and non-emergent phenomena remains unclear. Here we offer a pragmatic view by outlining models of different types of emergence. We subsequently argue that one type, functional–semantic emergence, bears on a crucial distinction between Safety I and Safety II as discussed within system safety research. We conclude that safety of sociotechnical systems can be enhanced by integrating retroactive control of non-emergent phenomena with proactive control of emergent phenomena where retroactive control is achieved through use of rules and procedures and proactive control is achieved through attention to subtle information and use of recognition-primed decisions. Practitioner Summary Emergence has recently been invoked as an important construct in the systems safety literature. There is, nevertheless, some dissension in that literature regarding the nature of emergence and there is little explanation of how it can inform an approach to system safety. Here we contrast different models of emergence as a means of clarifying the nature of emergence and non-emergence. From there, we argue that the contrast between emergence and non-emergence can inform the contrast between Safety I and Safety II approaches to system safety.","PeriodicalId":22852,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44899387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-19DOI: 10.1080/1463922X.2022.2121441
Priyamvada Singh, Prabhas Bhardwaj, S. Sharma, A. Agrawal
Abstract Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are a major work-related problem affecting employees’ well-being worldwide. Employee well-being is also associated with high organisational financial and social costs. Most working adults spend a considerable amount of time at their workplace, thus making workplace conditions a critical factor affecting their physical and mental health. This study addresses the role of work-related factors on WMSDs and psychological stress. For this purpose, 210 managers working in middle-level management in an Indian telecom organisation participated in the study. Data for the study was collected using a self-reported questionnaire. 64% of employees reported WMSDs, and 60% psychological stress. Structural equation modelling was used to study the effect of work-related factors on WMSDs and psychological stress. The study reported neck and lower back pain being the most frequently reported WMSD. Job control had a significant negative effect on WMSDs, and psychological stress, while workload did not affect either. Age was significantly associated with pain in the upper back and knees. The results suggested that increasing job control will result in employees’ better physical and psychological well-being.
{"title":"Association of organisational factors with work-related musculoskeletal disorders and psychological well-being: a job demand control model study","authors":"Priyamvada Singh, Prabhas Bhardwaj, S. Sharma, A. Agrawal","doi":"10.1080/1463922X.2022.2121441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1463922X.2022.2121441","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are a major work-related problem affecting employees’ well-being worldwide. Employee well-being is also associated with high organisational financial and social costs. Most working adults spend a considerable amount of time at their workplace, thus making workplace conditions a critical factor affecting their physical and mental health. This study addresses the role of work-related factors on WMSDs and psychological stress. For this purpose, 210 managers working in middle-level management in an Indian telecom organisation participated in the study. Data for the study was collected using a self-reported questionnaire. 64% of employees reported WMSDs, and 60% psychological stress. Structural equation modelling was used to study the effect of work-related factors on WMSDs and psychological stress. The study reported neck and lower back pain being the most frequently reported WMSD. Job control had a significant negative effect on WMSDs, and psychological stress, while workload did not affect either. Age was significantly associated with pain in the upper back and knees. The results suggested that increasing job control will result in employees’ better physical and psychological well-being.","PeriodicalId":22852,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45829106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-13DOI: 10.1080/1463922X.2022.2121440
S. Kaduk, A. Roberts, N. Stanton
Abstract Human performance and physiology undergo circadian changes. The safety of driving tends to decrease at night and during the afternoon, and these changes cannot be solely addressed to the decreased visibility. Previous literature reported that circadian rhythmicity plays a role in these changes. A similar phenomenon might occur in semi-automated driving. Also, as physiology undergoes circadian changes, it was suggested that systems of driver state monitoring might have different accuracy during the day and at night. This paper investigated the circadian effect on driving performance and physiology of the driver in simulated semi-automated driving. 53 participants participated in the experiment twice, once during the day and once at night. They drove a driving simulator in the semi-automated driving scenario. Following psychophysiological functions were measured during the experiment: electromyography, electrooculography, electrocardiography, respiration, pulse, blood oxygenation, electrodermal activity, voice, sleepiness, fatigue, readiness to take-over manual control of the vehicles, mental workload, cortisol, and alpha-amylase. There was a significant correlation between circadian phase and sleepiness, fatigue, readiness to take-over manual driving, physical demand, mean autocorrelation of voice, mean noise to harmonics ratio in voice, horizontal eye movements, frequency of frontalis, mean power in frontalis, peak power in frontalis, cortisol level, and driving performance.
{"title":"Circadian effect on physiology and driving performance in semi-automated vehicles","authors":"S. Kaduk, A. Roberts, N. Stanton","doi":"10.1080/1463922X.2022.2121440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1463922X.2022.2121440","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Human performance and physiology undergo circadian changes. The safety of driving tends to decrease at night and during the afternoon, and these changes cannot be solely addressed to the decreased visibility. Previous literature reported that circadian rhythmicity plays a role in these changes. A similar phenomenon might occur in semi-automated driving. Also, as physiology undergoes circadian changes, it was suggested that systems of driver state monitoring might have different accuracy during the day and at night. This paper investigated the circadian effect on driving performance and physiology of the driver in simulated semi-automated driving. 53 participants participated in the experiment twice, once during the day and once at night. They drove a driving simulator in the semi-automated driving scenario. Following psychophysiological functions were measured during the experiment: electromyography, electrooculography, electrocardiography, respiration, pulse, blood oxygenation, electrodermal activity, voice, sleepiness, fatigue, readiness to take-over manual control of the vehicles, mental workload, cortisol, and alpha-amylase. There was a significant correlation between circadian phase and sleepiness, fatigue, readiness to take-over manual driving, physical demand, mean autocorrelation of voice, mean noise to harmonics ratio in voice, horizontal eye movements, frequency of frontalis, mean power in frontalis, peak power in frontalis, cortisol level, and driving performance.","PeriodicalId":22852,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45034176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-30DOI: 10.1080/1463922X.2022.2114033
Jackie D. Zehr, J. Callaghan
Abstract This study aimed to mathematically characterize the ultimate compression tolerance (UCT) as a function of spinal joint posture, loading variation, and loading duration. One hundred and fourteen porcine cervical spinal units were tested. Spinal units were randomly assigned to subthreshold cyclic loading groups that differed by joint posture (neutral, flexed), peak loading variation (10%, 20%, 40%), and loading duration (1000, 3000, 5000 cycles). After the assigned conditioning test, UCT testing was performed. Force and actuator position were sampled at 100 Hz. A three-dimensional relationship between UCT, loading variation, and loading duration was most accurately characterized by a second order polynomial surface (R2 = 0.644, RMSE = 1.246 kN). However, distinct UCT responses were observed for flexed and neutral postures. A single second-order polynomial most accurately characterized the UCT – loading duration relationship (R2 = 0.905, RMSE = 0.718 kN) for flexed postures. For neutral joint postures, separate second-order polynomial equations were developed to characterize the UCT – loading duration relationship for each variation group (R2 = 0.618–0.906, RMSE = 0.617 kN–0.746 kN). These findings suggest that UCT responses are influenced by joint posture and these data may be used to inform ergonomic tools for the assessment of low back injury risk during occupational lifting.
{"title":"Towards the estimation of ultimate compression tolerance as a function of cyclic compression loading history: implications for lifting-related low back injury risk assessment","authors":"Jackie D. Zehr, J. Callaghan","doi":"10.1080/1463922X.2022.2114033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1463922X.2022.2114033","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study aimed to mathematically characterize the ultimate compression tolerance (UCT) as a function of spinal joint posture, loading variation, and loading duration. One hundred and fourteen porcine cervical spinal units were tested. Spinal units were randomly assigned to subthreshold cyclic loading groups that differed by joint posture (neutral, flexed), peak loading variation (10%, 20%, 40%), and loading duration (1000, 3000, 5000 cycles). After the assigned conditioning test, UCT testing was performed. Force and actuator position were sampled at 100 Hz. A three-dimensional relationship between UCT, loading variation, and loading duration was most accurately characterized by a second order polynomial surface (R2 = 0.644, RMSE = 1.246 kN). However, distinct UCT responses were observed for flexed and neutral postures. A single second-order polynomial most accurately characterized the UCT – loading duration relationship (R2 = 0.905, RMSE = 0.718 kN) for flexed postures. For neutral joint postures, separate second-order polynomial equations were developed to characterize the UCT – loading duration relationship for each variation group (R2 = 0.618–0.906, RMSE = 0.617 kN–0.746 kN). These findings suggest that UCT responses are influenced by joint posture and these data may be used to inform ergonomic tools for the assessment of low back injury risk during occupational lifting.","PeriodicalId":22852,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46345682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-26DOI: 10.1080/1463922X.2022.2114034
P. Chakraborty, Savita Yadav
Abstract Fitts’ law models human psychomotor behaviour and can be used to predict the time required to complete a movement task. Although originally proposed for physical apparatus, Fitts’ law has been adopted to study how human beings use various computer input devices to perform onscreen pointing tasks. Touchscreens are now used in smartphones, tablets and other digital devices. The applicability of Fitts’ law to the interaction with touchscreen has been studied for both stationary computers and mobile devices. Researchers have been studying this problem for about forty years, but the body of work remains small and there is no consensus on whether Fitts’ law is valid for touch-based interaction. This paper reviews studies reporting positive-, null- and negative results on the applicability of Fitts’ law to interaction with touchscreen and proposing modifications to Fitts’ law especially for modelling interaction with touchscreen.
{"title":"Applicability of Fitts’ law to interaction with touchscreen: review of experimental results","authors":"P. Chakraborty, Savita Yadav","doi":"10.1080/1463922X.2022.2114034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1463922X.2022.2114034","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Fitts’ law models human psychomotor behaviour and can be used to predict the time required to complete a movement task. Although originally proposed for physical apparatus, Fitts’ law has been adopted to study how human beings use various computer input devices to perform onscreen pointing tasks. Touchscreens are now used in smartphones, tablets and other digital devices. The applicability of Fitts’ law to the interaction with touchscreen has been studied for both stationary computers and mobile devices. Researchers have been studying this problem for about forty years, but the body of work remains small and there is no consensus on whether Fitts’ law is valid for touch-based interaction. This paper reviews studies reporting positive-, null- and negative results on the applicability of Fitts’ law to interaction with touchscreen and proposing modifications to Fitts’ law especially for modelling interaction with touchscreen.","PeriodicalId":22852,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47757461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-26DOI: 10.1080/1463922X.2022.2114032
Brendan L. Pinto, K. Fewster, J. Callaghan
Abstract Prolonged driving has been linked to the development of low back pain. Methods to examine time varying postural changes of the lumbar spine during driving have been scarcely investigated. Distinguishing postural variation as movement patterns such as lumbar shifts and fidgets may provide novel insight, which may otherwise be lost with analyses that parameterize variation as a single value. This investigation aimed to identify if lumbar spine shifts or fidgets typically occur in automotive sitting and if differences occur across sex or time. An additional objective was to investigate the extent these movement patterns can capture variation across time. Forty participants (18 F, 22 M) performed a one hour driving simulation. Number, duration and amplitude of shifts and fidgets as well as the mean and standard deviation (SD) of lumbar angle were calculated. Reported discomfort and pain were also recorded. Shifts and fidgets occurred in the absence of discomfort or pain and did not vary on average across time or sex (p > 0.05). Movement patterns characterized variation with a higher resolution compared to lumbar angle SD. Identifying lumbar shifts and fidgets provide an increased potential to understand individual time varying postural responses during driving, including the development of low back discomfort or pain.
{"title":"Lumbar spine movement profiles uniquely characterize postural variation during simulated prolonged driving","authors":"Brendan L. Pinto, K. Fewster, J. Callaghan","doi":"10.1080/1463922X.2022.2114032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1463922X.2022.2114032","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Prolonged driving has been linked to the development of low back pain. Methods to examine time varying postural changes of the lumbar spine during driving have been scarcely investigated. Distinguishing postural variation as movement patterns such as lumbar shifts and fidgets may provide novel insight, which may otherwise be lost with analyses that parameterize variation as a single value. This investigation aimed to identify if lumbar spine shifts or fidgets typically occur in automotive sitting and if differences occur across sex or time. An additional objective was to investigate the extent these movement patterns can capture variation across time. Forty participants (18 F, 22 M) performed a one hour driving simulation. Number, duration and amplitude of shifts and fidgets as well as the mean and standard deviation (SD) of lumbar angle were calculated. Reported discomfort and pain were also recorded. Shifts and fidgets occurred in the absence of discomfort or pain and did not vary on average across time or sex (p > 0.05). Movement patterns characterized variation with a higher resolution compared to lumbar angle SD. Identifying lumbar shifts and fidgets provide an increased potential to understand individual time varying postural responses during driving, including the development of low back discomfort or pain.","PeriodicalId":22852,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45843861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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