Pub Date : 2010-11-11DOI: 10.1109/BEC.2010.5630305
Jan Pohanka, O. Pribula, J. Fischer
Computational performance of embedded systems heavily increased during last decade and tasks, which used to have a real time solution only in PC based vision systems are being ported to stand alone devices. One of the typical demanding vision tasks is 3D vision. This work describes design of a simple embedded stereo vision sensor - smart camera that can be used for spatial measurement. The system consists of a single core DSP processor and can work in several different setups because of its modular conception. The camera performs all computations itself and it is able to transmit the measurement results to a master unit using various interfaces including USB 2.0 High Speed and ethernet. Basic aspects influencing the overall accuracy of 3D position measurement are discussed in the contribution. This work is primarily focused on a simple task of object position evaluation in 3D. The problem is significantly simplified by utilizing an easily detectable object marker. Having realized the basic measurement we have shown that the overall position measurement precision nonlinearity is better than 0.5% from the full range (1000 mm). The aspects influencing the measurement accuracy and repeatability of measurement are also discussed.
{"title":"An embedded stereovision system: Aspects of measurement precision","authors":"Jan Pohanka, O. Pribula, J. Fischer","doi":"10.1109/BEC.2010.5630305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BEC.2010.5630305","url":null,"abstract":"Computational performance of embedded systems heavily increased during last decade and tasks, which used to have a real time solution only in PC based vision systems are being ported to stand alone devices. One of the typical demanding vision tasks is 3D vision. This work describes design of a simple embedded stereo vision sensor - smart camera that can be used for spatial measurement. The system consists of a single core DSP processor and can work in several different setups because of its modular conception. The camera performs all computations itself and it is able to transmit the measurement results to a master unit using various interfaces including USB 2.0 High Speed and ethernet. Basic aspects influencing the overall accuracy of 3D position measurement are discussed in the contribution. This work is primarily focused on a simple task of object position evaluation in 3D. The problem is significantly simplified by utilizing an easily detectable object marker. Having realized the basic measurement we have shown that the overall position measurement precision nonlinearity is better than 0.5% from the full range (1000 mm). The aspects influencing the measurement accuracy and repeatability of measurement are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":228594,"journal":{"name":"2010 12th Biennial Baltic Electronics Conference","volume":"403 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132930191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-11-11DOI: 10.1109/BEC.2010.5630881
R. Dolecek, Jaroslav Novak, O. Černý, Zdenek Nemec
The paper deals with the problems of Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) of the frequency control drive of the electromotive switch actuator of the railway switch. The frequency converter with Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) and the output sinus filter are used for feeding of the asynchronous motor of the switch actuator. This drive is operated in the isolated system of feeding voltages. The drive is fed by the frequency converter with unshielded cable with length up to 1.2 km. The EMC problems occurring at development and operating of drive are analyzed in this paper. This paper completes and specifies [1].
{"title":"EMC of converters for interlocking device","authors":"R. Dolecek, Jaroslav Novak, O. Černý, Zdenek Nemec","doi":"10.1109/BEC.2010.5630881","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BEC.2010.5630881","url":null,"abstract":"The paper deals with the problems of Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) of the frequency control drive of the electromotive switch actuator of the railway switch. The frequency converter with Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) and the output sinus filter are used for feeding of the asynchronous motor of the switch actuator. This drive is operated in the isolated system of feeding voltages. The drive is fed by the frequency converter with unshielded cable with length up to 1.2 km. The EMC problems occurring at development and operating of drive are analyzed in this paper. This paper completes and specifies [1].","PeriodicalId":228594,"journal":{"name":"2010 12th Biennial Baltic Electronics Conference","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130201120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-11-11DOI: 10.1109/BEC.2010.5631008
A. Anier, J. Vain
This paper presents a feasibility study on the usage of Uppaal Timed Automata (UPTA) for deliberative level robotic control. The study is based on the Scrub Nurse Robot case-study. Our experience confirms that UPTA model based control enables the control loop to be defined and maintained during the robot operation autonomously with minimum human intervention. Specifically, in our robot architecture the control model is constructed automatically using unsupervised learning. Correctness of the model is verified on-the-fly against safety, reachability, and performance requirements. Finally, it is demonstrated that UPTA model based robot control, action planning and model updates have natural implementation based on existing model execution and conformance testing tool Uppaal Tron.
{"title":"Timed Automata based provably correct robot control","authors":"A. Anier, J. Vain","doi":"10.1109/BEC.2010.5631008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BEC.2010.5631008","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a feasibility study on the usage of Uppaal Timed Automata (UPTA) for deliberative level robotic control. The study is based on the Scrub Nurse Robot case-study. Our experience confirms that UPTA model based control enables the control loop to be defined and maintained during the robot operation autonomously with minimum human intervention. Specifically, in our robot architecture the control model is constructed automatically using unsupervised learning. Correctness of the model is verified on-the-fly against safety, reachability, and performance requirements. Finally, it is demonstrated that UPTA model based robot control, action planning and model updates have natural implementation based on existing model execution and conformance testing tool Uppaal Tron.","PeriodicalId":228594,"journal":{"name":"2010 12th Biennial Baltic Electronics Conference","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129963344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-11-11DOI: 10.1109/BEC.2010.5629805
A. Baskys
The input offset voltage of the differential amplifier based on the bipolar junction transistors, which operate at high current density, is analysed in this work. An analytical approach based on the equations in the explicit form is used to determine the input offset voltage reduction means. The obtained results are tested using numerical simulation of the differential amplifier.
{"title":"The means of the differential amplifier input offset voltage reduction","authors":"A. Baskys","doi":"10.1109/BEC.2010.5629805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BEC.2010.5629805","url":null,"abstract":"The input offset voltage of the differential amplifier based on the bipolar junction transistors, which operate at high current density, is analysed in this work. An analytical approach based on the equations in the explicit form is used to determine the input offset voltage reduction means. The obtained results are tested using numerical simulation of the differential amplifier.","PeriodicalId":228594,"journal":{"name":"2010 12th Biennial Baltic Electronics Conference","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125700078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-11-11DOI: 10.1109/BEC.2010.5630663
I. Artemchuk, E. Petlenkov, F. Miyawaki, A. Gładki
This paper designs two Neural Network (NN) based systems for distinguishing and real-time recognition of internal organs on sequence of endoscopic images during abdominal surgery. First NN-based system proposed in this paper is designed for recognition of several different internal organs on color endoscopic images. Second NN-based system is designed for real-time recognition of presence of a particular internal organ on a sequence of color images (video stream) from endoscope. Restricted connectivity structure of the network makes possible decomposition of the image during the analysis and significantly reduces the number of parameters thus making training easier, faster and more accurate. The algorithms proposed in the paper are implemented in software application and their effectiveness is demonstrated on simulations.
{"title":"Neural Network based system for real-time organ recognition by analysis of sequence of endoscopic images received during surgical operation","authors":"I. Artemchuk, E. Petlenkov, F. Miyawaki, A. Gładki","doi":"10.1109/BEC.2010.5630663","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BEC.2010.5630663","url":null,"abstract":"This paper designs two Neural Network (NN) based systems for distinguishing and real-time recognition of internal organs on sequence of endoscopic images during abdominal surgery. First NN-based system proposed in this paper is designed for recognition of several different internal organs on color endoscopic images. Second NN-based system is designed for real-time recognition of presence of a particular internal organ on a sequence of color images (video stream) from endoscope. Restricted connectivity structure of the network makes possible decomposition of the image during the analysis and significantly reduces the number of parameters thus making training easier, faster and more accurate. The algorithms proposed in the paper are implemented in software application and their effectiveness is demonstrated on simulations.","PeriodicalId":228594,"journal":{"name":"2010 12th Biennial Baltic Electronics Conference","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129519590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-11-11DOI: 10.1109/BEC.2010.5630792
Tingcong Ye, D. Vasudevan, Jiaoyan Chen, E. Popovici, Michel Schellekens
Cooperation of small generation units within distributed generation system or micro-grid require solving many communication, control and data transmission problems. A wind energy conversion system (WECS) with squirrel cage induction generator (SCIG) and a full-scale power converter is considered in present paper. Application of wireless communication in WECS is discussed in the paper. Some experimental results are presented.
{"title":"Wireless short-range device for wind generators","authors":"Tingcong Ye, D. Vasudevan, Jiaoyan Chen, E. Popovici, Michel Schellekens","doi":"10.1109/BEC.2010.5630792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BEC.2010.5630792","url":null,"abstract":"Cooperation of small generation units within distributed generation system or micro-grid require solving many communication, control and data transmission problems. A wind energy conversion system (WECS) with squirrel cage induction generator (SCIG) and a full-scale power converter is considered in present paper. Application of wireless communication in WECS is discussed in the paper. Some experimental results are presented.","PeriodicalId":228594,"journal":{"name":"2010 12th Biennial Baltic Electronics Conference","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120877831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-11-11DOI: 10.1109/BEC.2010.5630880
R. Dolecek, Z. Nemec, O. Černý, J. Novak
The paper brings torque, power and efficiency analyses of the traction drive with permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) during flux weakening operation. There is one way to weak flux of rotor permanent magnets - armature reaction caused by negative flux producing current component. On the other hand, the flux producing current component increases total RMS value of stator current. This effect has influence on losses and efficiency of PMSM. The paper investigates power, efficiency, torque and current characteristics in various operation points of PMSM drive.
{"title":"The effect of converter control method to characteristics of traction drive","authors":"R. Dolecek, Z. Nemec, O. Černý, J. Novak","doi":"10.1109/BEC.2010.5630880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BEC.2010.5630880","url":null,"abstract":"The paper brings torque, power and efficiency analyses of the traction drive with permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) during flux weakening operation. There is one way to weak flux of rotor permanent magnets - armature reaction caused by negative flux producing current component. On the other hand, the flux producing current component increases total RMS value of stator current. This effect has influence on losses and efficiency of PMSM. The paper investigates power, efficiency, torque and current characteristics in various operation points of PMSM drive.","PeriodicalId":228594,"journal":{"name":"2010 12th Biennial Baltic Electronics Conference","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123155532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-11-11DOI: 10.1109/BEC.2010.5631558
P. Gartner, H. Richter
The paper presents a new solution to achieve rail-to-rail common mode input voltage swing for CMOS operational amplifiers. The common mode input range of a MOS differential stage is limited by the threshold voltage of the input transistors. With a pair of complementary input stages the whole range from GND to VDD can be covered. Their drain currents are summed up but the resulting current as well as the DC voltage of the summing node drastically change when one of the input stages turns off near the power rails. The new method applies a built-in feedback loop with an auxiliary opamp for stabilizing the voltage at the summing node. This way a very stable operating point and ideal CMRR can be assured. With selected transistor aspect ratios nearly constant voltage gain can be achieved for the whole common mode input voltage range.
{"title":"Rail-to-rail CMOS opamp with stabilized operating point","authors":"P. Gartner, H. Richter","doi":"10.1109/BEC.2010.5631558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BEC.2010.5631558","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents a new solution to achieve rail-to-rail common mode input voltage swing for CMOS operational amplifiers. The common mode input range of a MOS differential stage is limited by the threshold voltage of the input transistors. With a pair of complementary input stages the whole range from GND to VDD can be covered. Their drain currents are summed up but the resulting current as well as the DC voltage of the summing node drastically change when one of the input stages turns off near the power rails. The new method applies a built-in feedback loop with an auxiliary opamp for stabilizing the voltage at the summing node. This way a very stable operating point and ideal CMRR can be assured. With selected transistor aspect ratios nearly constant voltage gain can be achieved for the whole common mode input voltage range.","PeriodicalId":228594,"journal":{"name":"2010 12th Biennial Baltic Electronics Conference","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115435239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-11-11DOI: 10.1109/BEC.2010.5629806
F. Abu Bakar, K. Halonen
Advantages of source follower based filters are discussed. The non-unity voltage gain of source follower and its effect to frequency response of a filter, as well as tuning capability due to gmb are presented base on source follower based structure from previous literature [1]. The practical feasibility to be implemented in high frequency is also analysed from the transfer function of the referred structure.
{"title":"Source follower as filter block","authors":"F. Abu Bakar, K. Halonen","doi":"10.1109/BEC.2010.5629806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BEC.2010.5629806","url":null,"abstract":"Advantages of source follower based filters are discussed. The non-unity voltage gain of source follower and its effect to frequency response of a filter, as well as tuning capability due to gmb are presented base on source follower based structure from previous literature [1]. The practical feasibility to be implemented in high frequency is also analysed from the transfer function of the referred structure.","PeriodicalId":228594,"journal":{"name":"2010 12th Biennial Baltic Electronics Conference","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131782141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-11-11DOI: 10.1109/BEC.2010.5630909
Tero Nieminen, K. Halonen
In this paper, the most critical reference voltage generation issues in high-speed (several hundreds of MSamples/s) pipelined Analog-to-Digital Converters (ADC) are discussed. Due to inductance of the bonding wires, large on-chip filtering capacitors are needed for stable references, when the generation is done off-chip. Through the simulations it is illustrated how the bonding wire inductances and amount of on-chip capacitance affects on the ADC performance (effective number of bits, ENOB). Effect of an additional 50-pF close-to-chip filtering capacitance is verified experimentally.
{"title":"Reference voltage generation in high-speed pipelined Analog-to-Digital Converters","authors":"Tero Nieminen, K. Halonen","doi":"10.1109/BEC.2010.5630909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BEC.2010.5630909","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the most critical reference voltage generation issues in high-speed (several hundreds of MSamples/s) pipelined Analog-to-Digital Converters (ADC) are discussed. Due to inductance of the bonding wires, large on-chip filtering capacitors are needed for stable references, when the generation is done off-chip. Through the simulations it is illustrated how the bonding wire inductances and amount of on-chip capacitance affects on the ADC performance (effective number of bits, ENOB). Effect of an additional 50-pF close-to-chip filtering capacitance is verified experimentally.","PeriodicalId":228594,"journal":{"name":"2010 12th Biennial Baltic Electronics Conference","volume":"362 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131434853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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