Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I4SB.5976
M. Punia, K. Kundu, Vinay Mehla
Crop insurance has been implemented in the country since 1972, yet it has been beset with several problems such as delayed payment of claims, high premium, lack of transparency and delay in conducting crop cutting experiments etc. From these schemes none of them has been able to make a significant impact on farming system; as just 23.50 per cent of farmers were insured in kharif 2016. The existing relief and compensation criteria for farmers against crop loss was adhoc, messy and politicized and was ineffective to bring well-timed and satisfactory relief to affected farmers. This research article examines the cumulative performance of different crop insurance schemes implemented time to time. The claim premium ratio in First Individual Approach Scheme was 8.34, indicating that for every one rupee of premium collected; the scheme paid Rs 8.34 in claims. It shows high out go in the scheme. The benefits of CCIS were highly twisted towards few states and many more failures found in these schemes. Under PMFBY from kharif 2016 to kharif 2017, there has been a significant increase in the number of gross premiums (21 %), claims paid (64 %) and farmers benefitted (29%), respectively. The difference between gross premium and claim paid in the Kharif season has abridged and indicated a divergence in the data on the payout of claims and the profits made by private insurance companies. The new scheme revealed that overall area insured and farmers covered were decreased over the years from Kharif 2016 to Kharif 2018. On the other hand, there has been a significant increase in the number of gross premiums as 45 per cent. The PMFBY has therefore failed to achieve the targets, i.e. increasing the area and the number of farmers insured. The exclusion under the scheme are-risks and losses arising out of war and nuclear risks, malicious damage, theft, grazed and destroyed by domestic and wild animals.
{"title":"Crop insurance in India: Status of PMFBY against different crop insurance schemes","authors":"M. Punia, K. Kundu, Vinay Mehla","doi":"10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I4SB.5976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I4SB.5976","url":null,"abstract":"Crop insurance has been implemented in the country since 1972, yet it has been beset with several problems such as delayed payment of claims, high premium, lack of transparency and delay in conducting crop cutting experiments etc. From these schemes none of them has been able to make a significant impact on farming system; as just 23.50 per cent of farmers were insured in kharif 2016. The existing relief and compensation criteria for farmers against crop loss was adhoc, messy and politicized and was ineffective to bring well-timed and satisfactory relief to affected farmers. This research article examines the cumulative performance of different crop insurance schemes implemented time to time. The claim premium ratio in First Individual Approach Scheme was 8.34, indicating that for every one rupee of premium collected; the scheme paid Rs 8.34 in claims. It shows high out go in the scheme. The benefits of CCIS were highly twisted towards few states and many more failures found in these schemes. Under PMFBY from kharif 2016 to kharif 2017, there has been a significant increase in the number of gross premiums (21 %), claims paid (64 %) and farmers benefitted (29%), respectively. The difference between gross premium and claim paid in the Kharif season has abridged and indicated a divergence in the data on the payout of claims and the profits made by private insurance companies. The new scheme revealed that overall area insured and farmers covered were decreased over the years from Kharif 2016 to Kharif 2018. On the other hand, there has been a significant increase in the number of gross premiums as 45 per cent. The PMFBY has therefore failed to achieve the targets, i.e. increasing the area and the number of farmers insured. The exclusion under the scheme are-risks and losses arising out of war and nuclear risks, malicious damage, theft, grazed and destroyed by domestic and wild animals.","PeriodicalId":23030,"journal":{"name":"The Pharma Innovation Journal","volume":"64 1","pages":"82-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91049439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I4SC.5994
Pankaj Kumar, B. Mohanty, M. Dehuri, Santanu Kumar Dash, S. Panda, P. C. Behera, A. K. Kundu, A. Hembram
Gastrointestinal nematodes are a major hindrance in sheep husbandry and the efficient management of these parasites is curbed by the development of anthelmintic resistance. The present investigation was carried in different sheep breeds of Odisha and the status of resistance in gastrointestinal nematodes against Fenbendazole was carried out by in vivo faecal egg count reduction test (FECRT) and in vitro Egg Hatch Assay (EHA) test. The results of the anthelmintic resistance study indicated benzimidazole resistance to gastrointestinal nematodes in Kendrapada, Ganjam and Nondescript breed of sheep while Balangir breed of sheep where found susceptible.
{"title":"Detection of benzimidazole resistance against naturally occurring gastrointestinal nematodes in different sheep breeds of Odisha","authors":"Pankaj Kumar, B. Mohanty, M. Dehuri, Santanu Kumar Dash, S. Panda, P. C. Behera, A. K. Kundu, A. Hembram","doi":"10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I4SC.5994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I4SC.5994","url":null,"abstract":"Gastrointestinal nematodes are a major hindrance in sheep husbandry and the efficient management of these parasites is curbed by the development of anthelmintic resistance. The present investigation was carried in different sheep breeds of Odisha and the status of resistance in gastrointestinal nematodes against Fenbendazole was carried out by in vivo faecal egg count reduction test (FECRT) and in vitro Egg Hatch Assay (EHA) test. The results of the anthelmintic resistance study indicated benzimidazole resistance to gastrointestinal nematodes in Kendrapada, Ganjam and Nondescript breed of sheep while Balangir breed of sheep where found susceptible.","PeriodicalId":23030,"journal":{"name":"The Pharma Innovation Journal","volume":"48 1","pages":"135-138"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87027562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I4SA.5956
D. D. Caesar, A. Mishra, J. Shakkarpude, Anand Jain, Sanju Mandal, Suman Sant, M. K. Ahirwar, Anil Kumar Singh
Migration has come from the latin word “migrare” may be defined as the seasonal movement of animals from one place to another. Bird migration was described by L. Thomson as “changes of habitat periodically recurring and alternating in direction, which tend to secure optimum environment conditions at all times”. Temperature, food supply, or the amount of daylight animals migrate, breeding is one of the purposes. Migratory birds undergo two migrations per year: a fall migration and a spring migration. Pre-migratory fattening is the behavior shown by the migratory birds in which they eat food in excess (hyperphagia) and gain weight quickly just to deal with the high energy demands for long migratory flight. This fueling is done before the migratory take off as well as at stopover sites of their routes. Fuel reserves reach maximum levels when birds start long non-stop flight. Feathers’ aerodynamic and insulatory functions are affected by long flight and its exposure to light therefore, the plumage is replaced periodically through a process known as molt. The corticosterone plays a major role in metabolic and behavioral functions to manage fuel utilization on a daily and seasonal basis. Migratory birds usually fly in a V formation and they follow a definite order during migration. Generally adults or old birds start first and the young follow them. Variety of senses helps in the navigation during migratory flight. It’s one of the peculiar system followed by the birds to know their route of migration and is followed by them each and every yearly of their flight. The most commonly used navigation tool is the use of sun compass. Using the sun for direction involves the need for making compensation based on the time. Other abilities include detecting the magnetic fields, visual landmarks and olfactory cues. Anatomical, physiological and molecular analyses have revealed that in birds independent clocks are present at a minimum of three levels: retina of the eyes, pineal gland and hypothalamus. Each of these has input, pacemaker and output components. It is becoming clearer that environmental input to the clock, such as seasonal changes in temperature, rainfall and food abundance, can regulate temporal relationships between physiology and behavior, linked with migration and reproduction.
{"title":"Migratory birds’ physiology: A review","authors":"D. D. Caesar, A. Mishra, J. Shakkarpude, Anand Jain, Sanju Mandal, Suman Sant, M. K. Ahirwar, Anil Kumar Singh","doi":"10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I4SA.5956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I4SA.5956","url":null,"abstract":"Migration has come from the latin word “migrare” may be defined as the seasonal movement of animals from one place to another. Bird migration was described by L. Thomson as “changes of habitat periodically recurring and alternating in direction, which tend to secure optimum environment conditions at all times”. Temperature, food supply, or the amount of daylight animals migrate, breeding is one of the purposes. Migratory birds undergo two migrations per year: a fall migration and a spring migration. Pre-migratory fattening is the behavior shown by the migratory birds in which they eat food in excess (hyperphagia) and gain weight quickly just to deal with the high energy demands for long migratory flight. This fueling is done before the migratory take off as well as at stopover sites of their routes. Fuel reserves reach maximum levels when birds start long non-stop flight. Feathers’ aerodynamic and insulatory functions are affected by long flight and its exposure to light therefore, the plumage is replaced periodically through a process known as molt. The corticosterone plays a major role in metabolic and behavioral functions to manage fuel utilization on a daily and seasonal basis. Migratory birds usually fly in a V formation and they follow a definite order during migration. Generally adults or old birds start first and the young follow them. Variety of senses helps in the navigation during migratory flight. It’s one of the peculiar system followed by the birds to know their route of migration and is followed by them each and every yearly of their flight. The most commonly used navigation tool is the use of sun compass. Using the sun for direction involves the need for making compensation based on the time. Other abilities include detecting the magnetic fields, visual landmarks and olfactory cues. Anatomical, physiological and molecular analyses have revealed that in birds independent clocks are present at a minimum of three levels: retina of the eyes, pineal gland and hypothalamus. Each of these has input, pacemaker and output components. It is becoming clearer that environmental input to the clock, such as seasonal changes in temperature, rainfall and food abundance, can regulate temporal relationships between physiology and behavior, linked with migration and reproduction.","PeriodicalId":23030,"journal":{"name":"The Pharma Innovation Journal","volume":"42 1","pages":"35-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76660289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I4P.6146
K. Sireesha, C. Seshaiah, K. Sudhakar, Ds Kumar, R. Vinoo
Present study was carried out to analyse the proximate and chemical composition of five tropical tree leaves which are locally available in and around Krishna District. The trees selected for analysis were Psidium guajava, Musa paradisiaca, Acacia nilotica,Moringa oleifera, Azadirachta indica. Among the analysed samples Moringa oleifera leaves have highest CP content (20.15%) where as Psidium guajava have lowest CP content (6.92%) on dry matter basis. Phenol, tannin and condensed tannin content of all the leaves were analysed in the present study. Phenol content was ranged from 6.93 to 17.51% in the estimated samples. Among all the tree leaves Psidium guajava leaves have highest condensed tannin (10.7%) content, while Musa paradisiaca has lowest condensed tannin (4.2%) content. From the study it was concluded that these tree leaves were not only rich in crude protein also have high concentrations of secondary metabolites (phenols, tannins, CT) which help in improvement of growth when they are included in the animal diet.
{"title":"Estimation of proximate and chemical composition of locally available tropical tree leaves","authors":"K. Sireesha, C. Seshaiah, K. Sudhakar, Ds Kumar, R. Vinoo","doi":"10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I4P.6146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I4P.6146","url":null,"abstract":"Present study was carried out to analyse the proximate and chemical composition of five tropical tree leaves which are locally available in and around Krishna District. The trees selected for analysis were Psidium guajava, Musa paradisiaca, Acacia nilotica,Moringa oleifera, Azadirachta indica. Among the analysed samples Moringa oleifera leaves have highest CP content (20.15%) where as Psidium guajava have lowest CP content (6.92%) on dry matter basis. Phenol, tannin and condensed tannin content of all the leaves were analysed in the present study. Phenol content was ranged from 6.93 to 17.51% in the estimated samples. Among all the tree leaves Psidium guajava leaves have highest condensed tannin (10.7%) content, while Musa paradisiaca has lowest condensed tannin (4.2%) content. From the study it was concluded that these tree leaves were not only rich in crude protein also have high concentrations of secondary metabolites (phenols, tannins, CT) which help in improvement of growth when they are included in the animal diet.","PeriodicalId":23030,"journal":{"name":"The Pharma Innovation Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":"1097-1099"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74648208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I4SB.5977
M. Punia, K. Kundu, P. Nimbrayan
The green revolution technology succeed in transforming the country from a large food importer and beneficiary of food aid in the 1950s and 1960s, to a food secure country. Instability in farm production was main concern during green revolution period and removed by using high yielding varieties, irrigation facilities and other risk management strategies. The paper has estimated the instability of wheat and rapeseed mustard at national level and then has compared it with Haryana state for the period of 1966-67 to 2016-17. The overall period divided in four periods acc. to reforms separately and also analyzed jointly. The overall scenario provided clear picture about instability and accomplished that instability was very high in case of rapeseed mustard as compared to wheat irrespective of rabi crops both. In case of wheat, variations in yield were much larger than area and production. But in case of rapeseed mustard, more instability found in the pattern of production.
{"title":"Instability pattern of wheat and rapeseed mustard in India and Haryana","authors":"M. Punia, K. Kundu, P. Nimbrayan","doi":"10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I4SB.5977","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I4SB.5977","url":null,"abstract":"The green revolution technology succeed in transforming the country from a large food importer and beneficiary of food aid in the 1950s and 1960s, to a food secure country. Instability in farm production was main concern during green revolution period and removed by using high yielding varieties, irrigation facilities and other risk management strategies. The paper has estimated the instability of wheat and rapeseed mustard at national level and then has compared it with Haryana state for the period of 1966-67 to 2016-17. The overall period divided in four periods acc. to reforms separately and also analyzed jointly. The overall scenario provided clear picture about instability and accomplished that instability was very high in case of rapeseed mustard as compared to wheat irrespective of rabi crops both. In case of wheat, variations in yield were much larger than area and production. But in case of rapeseed mustard, more instability found in the pattern of production.","PeriodicalId":23030,"journal":{"name":"The Pharma Innovation Journal","volume":"518 1","pages":"87-89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77154915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I4D.5936
Abhishek Kumar, V. S. Saimbhi, Jagjeet Singh
Tillage involves a lot of energy expenditure, generally in terms of fuel consumed by the tractor. The fuel consumption for the different tillage practices needs to be quantified and this paper presents quantification for the same. The experiment was carried out at the fields of two different soil types viz. sandy loam (S1) and silty loam (S2). Six tillage practices, designated as P1, P2, P3, P4, P5 and P6, were undertaken in the present study. The six practices were one pass of harrow-cultivator-planker combination (P1), two passes of harrow-cultivator-planker combinations (P2), one pass of rotavator (P3), two passes of rotavator (P4), one pass of spading tillage machine (P5) and two passes of spading tillage machine (P6). Different implements have their own, i.e. different recommended speeds and depths of operation. For experimental study, two different depth of cut ranges, designated as D1 & D2 and two forward velocity ranges, designated as V1 & V2, suitable to every implement, were selected. The conventional tillage practices consumed more fuel and time as compared to multi-powered tillage tools practices but were found to move considerable volume of soil and shows lower rate of fuel consumption per unit of soil moved than other practices, whereas, rotavator and spading machine takes lesser time and fuel for tillage operation.
{"title":"Energy expenditure measured for various tillage practices for various speeds of operation at different depths of cut in two different soil types","authors":"Abhishek Kumar, V. S. Saimbhi, Jagjeet Singh","doi":"10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I4D.5936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I4D.5936","url":null,"abstract":"Tillage involves a lot of energy expenditure, generally in terms of fuel consumed by the tractor. The fuel consumption for the different tillage practices needs to be quantified and this paper presents quantification for the same. The experiment was carried out at the fields of two different soil types viz. sandy loam (S1) and silty loam (S2). Six tillage practices, designated as P1, P2, P3, P4, P5 and P6, were undertaken in the present study. The six practices were one pass of harrow-cultivator-planker combination (P1), two passes of harrow-cultivator-planker combinations (P2), one pass of rotavator (P3), two passes of rotavator (P4), one pass of spading tillage machine (P5) and two passes of spading tillage machine (P6). Different implements have their own, i.e. different recommended speeds and depths of operation. For experimental study, two different depth of cut ranges, designated as D1 & D2 and two forward velocity ranges, designated as V1 & V2, suitable to every implement, were selected. The conventional tillage practices consumed more fuel and time as compared to multi-powered tillage tools practices but were found to move considerable volume of soil and shows lower rate of fuel consumption per unit of soil moved than other practices, whereas, rotavator and spading machine takes lesser time and fuel for tillage operation.","PeriodicalId":23030,"journal":{"name":"The Pharma Innovation Journal","volume":"119 1","pages":"254-258"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75450227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I4SA.5952
S Vinothraj, P. Alagesan, Radhika Srinivasan, Saravankumar, M. Siva
The present Study carried out to study the effect of TANUVAS Mineral mixture supplement on milk production of dairy cattle in five blocks of Erode district. 30 Dairy farmers from each block were selected for this demonstration and constituted a sample size of 30 milking cows with the average milk production of 8.5 litre/day/cow for analyze the milk yield and milk fat & SNF. 30 days Milk yield data collected in two stages viz, before and after administration of TANUVAS Mineral Mixture. Animals fed with TANUVAS Mineral mixture showed increased milk production (1.06 litre/ Day), milk Fat (1.73 %) and SNF percentage (0.77 %) also increased. From this, economic status of the dairy farmers will be increased by getting additional income of Rs 788/ Animal/ month.
{"title":"External skeletal fixation of tibial fracture in a domesticated rabbit","authors":"S Vinothraj, P. Alagesan, Radhika Srinivasan, Saravankumar, M. Siva","doi":"10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I4SA.5952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I4SA.5952","url":null,"abstract":"The present Study carried out to study the effect of TANUVAS Mineral mixture supplement on milk production of dairy cattle in five blocks of Erode district. 30 Dairy farmers from each block were selected for this demonstration and constituted a sample size of 30 milking cows with the average milk production of 8.5 litre/day/cow for analyze the milk yield and milk fat & SNF. 30 days Milk yield data collected in two stages viz, before and after administration of TANUVAS Mineral Mixture. Animals fed with TANUVAS Mineral mixture showed increased milk production (1.06 litre/ Day), milk Fat (1.73 %) and SNF percentage (0.77 %) also increased. From this, economic status of the dairy farmers will be increased by getting additional income of Rs 788/ Animal/ month.","PeriodicalId":23030,"journal":{"name":"The Pharma Innovation Journal","volume":"2 1","pages":"21-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81874060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I4SA.5953
S. Tiwari, Y. Singh, R. Sirohi, B. Yadav, D. Singh, Akansha Gurung, P. Shakya
A study was carried out to determine the incidence and prevalence of major gastrointestinal parasites of cattle in and around three villages in Cuddalore district of Tamilnadu. Coprological samples from 100 cattle were screened. The findings revealed Strongyle (37.25%), Amphistome (29.7%), Coccidia (17.8%), Toxacara (8.55%), Moneizia (5.33%) and Trichuris (1.37%). The overall infection percentage was high in post-rainy season (74.42%), in animals less than 1 year of age (48%) and in females (53.62%) than males (46.38%).
{"title":"Infrared thermographical differentiation of estrus and non-estrus stages of dairy animals","authors":"S. Tiwari, Y. Singh, R. Sirohi, B. Yadav, D. Singh, Akansha Gurung, P. Shakya","doi":"10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I4SA.5953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I4SA.5953","url":null,"abstract":"A study was carried out to determine the incidence and prevalence of major gastrointestinal parasites of cattle in and around three villages in Cuddalore district of Tamilnadu. Coprological samples from 100 cattle were screened. The findings revealed Strongyle (37.25%), Amphistome (29.7%), Coccidia (17.8%), Toxacara (8.55%), Moneizia (5.33%) and Trichuris (1.37%). The overall infection percentage was high in post-rainy season (74.42%), in animals less than 1 year of age (48%) and in females (53.62%) than males (46.38%).","PeriodicalId":23030,"journal":{"name":"The Pharma Innovation Journal","volume":"27 1","pages":"24-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80642631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I4SC.5989
Neeraj Kumar, AK Godara, Anil Kumar Malik, Ramesh Kumar, Babu, Lal Dhayal, O. P. Jitarwal
The present study was carried out in Hisar and Sirsa districts of Haryana to find out the knowledge level of farmers about wheat seed production technology. In total 120 respondents, viz. 60 wheat seed producing farmers from each district and 30 farmers from each block were selected for the study. The data were collected with the help of well-structured and pre-tested interview schedule and analyzed using 26th version of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) for tabulating results and drawing conclusions. Findings of the study revealed that most of the farmers (61.67%) had medium level of overall knowledge level about seed production technology of wheat followed by high and low. Indeed, more awareness programmes should be organized by the government and non-governmental organizations to increase level of knowledge about wheat seed production technology to sustain wheat production in Haryana. Study also revealed that variables like age, education, socio-economic status, extension contact, mass media exposure, change proneness, risk orientation, scientific orientation and seed production experience were positively and significantly correlated with their knowledge level about wheat seed production technology.
{"title":"Knowledge level of farmers about wheat seed production technology in Haryana","authors":"Neeraj Kumar, AK Godara, Anil Kumar Malik, Ramesh Kumar, Babu, Lal Dhayal, O. P. Jitarwal","doi":"10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I4SC.5989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I4SC.5989","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was carried out in Hisar and Sirsa districts of Haryana to find out the knowledge level of farmers about wheat seed production technology. In total 120 respondents, viz. 60 wheat seed producing farmers from each district and 30 farmers from each block were selected for the study. The data were collected with the help of well-structured and pre-tested interview schedule and analyzed using 26th version of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) for tabulating results and drawing conclusions. Findings of the study revealed that most of the farmers (61.67%) had medium level of overall knowledge level about seed production technology of wheat followed by high and low. Indeed, more awareness programmes should be organized by the government and non-governmental organizations to increase level of knowledge about wheat seed production technology to sustain wheat production in Haryana. Study also revealed that variables like age, education, socio-economic status, extension contact, mass media exposure, change proneness, risk orientation, scientific orientation and seed production experience were positively and significantly correlated with their knowledge level about wheat seed production technology.","PeriodicalId":23030,"journal":{"name":"The Pharma Innovation Journal","volume":"105 1","pages":"129-131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80809474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I4SA.5951
A. Malla, B. Mohapatra, SP Sangramsingh, N. H. Saik, Jeebanjyoti Behera
Pisciculture contributes around 1% to India’s gross domestic product and over 5% to the agricultural GDP. The study was conducted in Balikuda, Biridi, Erasama, Jagatsinghpur, Kujanga, Naugaon, Raghunathpur and Tirtol blocks of Jagatsinghpur district. Both purposive and multistage random sampling methods were adopted for selection of the district, gram panchayat, village and respondents. A total of 180 numbers of respondents were selected for the purpose of the investigation. Based on the descriptive statistics, most of the respondents had medium knowledge about the general pond requirement and manuring and fertilization of the culture pond and harvesting. On the other hand, the youth entrepreneurs in pisciculture had low level of knowledge on predatory and weed fish eradication, stocking of the pisciculture. The youth entrepreneurs in pisciculture had high level of knowledge on harvesting of the pisciculture. Under marketing and storage perception factors 40.55 per cent of the respondents were strongly agreed with preservation of undisposed fishes is difficult. The main aim of pisciculture development program was for making substantial contributions to doubling of food production, improving the welfare of youth entrepreneurs, promoting exports and providing food and livelihood security to its rural youth entrepreneurs.
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