Tissue & cell最新文献_第8页

Kaempferol alleviates high-fat-induced hepatocyte injury by inhibiting ferroptosis 山奈酚通过抑制铁下垂减轻高脂诱导的肝细胞损伤

IF 2.5 4区生物学 Q1 ANATOMY & MORPHOLOGY

Tissue & cell

Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2026.103323

Linjie Lou , Ren Ye , Yisheng Huang

Background

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a key manifestation of metabolic syndrome in the liver. Its core pathological features are excessive lipid accumulation in hepatocytes and the subsequent lipotoxic damage. This not only drives the progression of the disease to hepatitis, liver fibrosis, and cirrhosis but also is significantly associated with an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. NAFLD has become an increasingly serious global public health issue, and there is an urgent need to explore safe and effective prevention and treatment strategies. This study aimed to evaluate the intervention effect of kaempferol, a natural flavonoid compound, on palmitic acid (PA)-induced hepatocyte lipotoxicity.

Methods

A series of biochemical experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of kaempferol on liver lipotoxicity.

Results

Our results demonstrated that kaempferol not only counteracted PA-induced suppression of hepatocyte proliferation and viability but also mitigated PA-triggered inflammatory response (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β) and oxidative stress (ROS). Importantly, we identified that these protective effects were achieved through the inhibition of ferroptosis, a novel form of cell death induced by PA. Mechanistically, kaempferol exerted its benefits primarily by activating the AMPK signaling pathway. AMPK activation led to a dual protective effect: first, by down-regulating the fatty acid transporter CD36 to reduce lipid accumulation; second, and more significantly, by effectively suppressing the ferroptosis cascade, thereby breaking the vicious cycle of lipid overload, oxidative stress, and cell death.

Conclusions

This new finding provides a novel perspective for understanding the efficacy of Kaempferol. This study not only confirms that kaempferol synergistically combats lipid metabolism disorders and ferroptosis through the "AMPK-CD36" axis but also provides a solid experimental basis and innovative theoretical support for the development of kaempferol as a drug for the prevention and treatment of fatty liver disease.

背景：代谢功能障碍相关脂肪变性肝病（MASLD）是肝脏代谢综合征的重要表现。其核心病理特征是肝细胞内脂质过度积聚和随后的脂毒性损伤。这不仅会导致疾病进展为肝炎、肝纤维化和肝硬化，而且还与肝细胞癌的风险增加显著相关。NAFLD已成为日益严重的全球性公共卫生问题，迫切需要探索安全有效的预防和治疗策略。本研究旨在评价天然类黄酮化合物山奈酚对棕榈酸（PA）诱导的肝细胞脂毒性的干预作用。方法通过一系列生化实验评价山奈酚对肝脏脂肪毒性的影响。结果山奈酚不仅可以抵消pa诱导的肝细胞增殖和活力的抑制，还可以减轻pa引发的炎症反应（TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β）和氧化应激（ROS）。重要的是，我们发现这些保护作用是通过抑制铁下垂来实现的，铁下垂是PA诱导的一种新型细胞死亡形式。从机制上讲，山奈酚主要通过激活AMPK信号通路发挥其益处。AMPK激活产生双重保护作用：一是下调脂肪酸转运蛋白CD36，减少脂质积累；其次，更重要的是，通过有效抑制铁下垂级联，从而打破脂质超载、氧化应激和细胞死亡的恶性循环。结论这一新发现为了解山奈酚的疗效提供了新的视角。本研究不仅证实了山奈酚通过“AMPK-CD36”轴协同对抗脂质代谢紊乱和铁下沉，也为山奈酚作为预防和治疗脂肪肝的药物的开发提供了坚实的实验基础和创新的理论支持。

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引用次数: 0

Mitigation conferred by banana flower extract against aflatoxin-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, molecular docking, and histological disturbances in rabbits 香蕉花提取物对家兔黄曲霉毒素诱导的氧化应激、炎症、细胞凋亡、分子对接和组织学紊乱的缓解作用

IF 2.5 4区生物学 Q1 ANATOMY & MORPHOLOGY

Tissue & cell

Pub Date : 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2026.103320

Fatima S. Alaryani

This study investigated the protective effects of banana flower extract (BFE) against aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and immune dysfunction in growing rabbits. One hundred and twenty rabbits were divided into four experimental groups: a control group (receiving a vehicle only), an AFB1 group (receiving 0.3 mg AFB1/kg diet), a BFE group (receiving 500 mg/kg banana flower extract), and an AFB1 and BFE group for eight weeks. The results showed that exposure to AFB1 resulted in reduced growth performance, along with elevated liver enzymes, blood lipids, and renal dysfunction (P < 0.05). Additionally, 8-OHdG levels were significantly higher in the AFB1 group, but BFE treatment significantly reduced this elevation (P < 0.05). AFB1 also caused a significant increase in oxidative stress (as indicated by higher MDA and PC levels) and a decrease in antioxidant enzyme activity (SOD, GPx, and TAC) and immune response (IgG and IgM). Pro-inflammatory responses were significantly increased by AFB1 exposure, while BFE treatment effectively prevented apoptosis (P < 0.05) and inflammation (P < 0.01) in the rabbits, and significantly improving immunoglobulin synthesis (P < 0.05). BFE protected against renal and intestinal structural damage induced by AFB1. Molecular docking studies revealed that gallic and protocatechuic acids interacted with BAX (binding energies: −4.17 and −6.78 kcal/mol, respectively), Caspase-3 (-4.28 and −7.38 kcal/mol, respectively), and SOD (-4.16 and −6.38 kcal/mol, respectively). These findings suggest that the compounds may play a role in modulating apoptosis and antioxidant defense. This study underscores the potential of utilizing by-product extracts, such as banana flower extract, to mitigate the adverse effects of aflatoxins in animals through their apoptotic and antioxidant properties.

本研究探讨了香蕉花提取物（BFE）对黄曲霉毒素B1 （AFB1）诱导的氧化应激、炎症和免疫功能障碍的保护作用。将120只家兔分为4个实验组：对照组（只给药）、AFB1组（给0.3 mg AFB1/kg日粮）、BFE组（给500 mg/kg香蕉花提取物）、AFB1和BFE组，持续8周。结果表明，暴露于AFB1导致生长性能下降，同时肝酶、血脂升高和肾功能障碍（P <； 0.05）。此外，AFB1组8-OHdG水平显著升高，但BFE治疗显著降低了这一升高（P <； 0.05）。AFB1还引起氧化应激显著增加（MDA和PC水平升高），抗氧化酶活性（SOD、GPx和TAC）和免疫反应（IgG和IgM）降低。AFB1暴露显著增加了兔的促炎反应，而BFE处理有效地阻止了兔的细胞凋亡（P <； 0.05）和炎症（P <； 0.01），并显著提高了免疫球蛋白的合成（P <； 0.05）。BFE对AFB1引起的肾脏和肠道结构损伤具有保护作用。分子对接研究表明，没食子酸和原儿茶酸与BAX（结合能分别为−4.17和−6.78 kcal/mol）、Caspase-3（结合能分别为-4.28和−7.38 kcal/mol）和SOD（结合能分别为-4.16和−6.38 kcal/mol）相互作用。这些发现提示这些化合物可能在调节细胞凋亡和抗氧化防御中起作用。这项研究强调了利用副产物提取物的潜力，如香蕉花提取物，通过其细胞凋亡和抗氧化特性来减轻黄曲霉毒素对动物的不良影响。

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引用次数: 0

Anatomical and microscopic evaluation of the liver in migratory shoveler ducks (Spatula clypeata): A multi-modal study using gross anatomy, vascular casting, morphometric analysis, and histochemistry techniques 迁徙铲鸭（Spatula clypeata）肝脏的解剖和显微评价：一项多模式研究，使用大体解剖、血管铸型、形态计量学分析和组织化学技术

IF 2.5 4区生物学 Q1 ANATOMY & MORPHOLOGY

Tissue & cell

Pub Date : 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2026.103315

Zeinab K. Aboghanima , Ashraf El Sharaby , Asmaa Aboelnour , Mohamed M.A. Abumandour , Ahmed G. Nomir

This study was carried out to explore the anatomical and microscopic features of the liver in shoveler ducks using gross and vascular anatomical casting, morphometric analysis, and histochemical techniques. This study was applied to twenty-six adult ducks. The liver, located in the middle-third of the coelomic cavity, had a larger right lobe and no further subdivided lobes, housing the gallbladder in a cystic fossa on the right lobe's visceral surface. The liver’s venous drainage occurs through the hepatic veins (right, left, and middle) along with accessory and umbilical veins. The intrahepatic portal system consisted of two portal veins: left and right. Hepatic arterial supply originated from the celiac artery, which divided into right and left branches for intrahepatic distribution. The right branch gave dorsal and ventral right hepatic arteries and continued as the right gastric artery, while the left branch formed the left gastric artery and gave left hepatic arteries. Histologically, the liver was surrounded by a thick connective tissue (CT) capsule with poorly defined lobules and polygonal hepatocytes around central veins. Hepatocytes expanded toward the subscapular region with few fat globules within the cytoplasm, displaying a larger nucleus, and the sinusoids were filled with erythrocytes. Histochemical analysis revealed a strong positive reaction to the PAS stain. Densely packed collagen fibers were demonstrated by Masson's trichrome stain in the capsule, around large blood vessels, and bile ducts.

本研究采用大体和血管解剖铸型、形态计量学分析和组织化学技术，探讨了铲鸭肝脏的解剖和显微特征。本研究以26只成年野鸭为试验对象。肝脏位于体腔的中间三分之一，有一个较大的右叶，没有进一步细分的叶，在右叶内脏表面的囊窝中容纳胆囊。肝静脉引流通过肝静脉（右、左、中）以及副静脉和脐静脉。肝内门静脉系统由左、右两条门静脉组成。肝动脉供应起源于腹腔动脉，分为左、右支分布于肝内。右支形成右肝背动脉和腹侧动脉，继续形成胃右动脉；左支形成胃左动脉，形成肝左动脉。组织学上，肝脏被厚的结缔组织（CT）包膜包围，小叶界限不清，中央静脉周围有多角形肝细胞。肝细胞向肩胛下区扩张，胞质内脂肪球较少，细胞核较大，窦状区充盈红细胞。组织化学分析显示PAS染色强烈阳性反应。马松三色染色显示被膜、大血管和胆管周围胶原纤维密集堆积。

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引用次数: 0

The dual regulation of mitophagy in myocardial injury: From molecular mechanisms to targeted therapies 心肌损伤中线粒体自噬的双重调控：从分子机制到靶向治疗

IF 2.5 4区生物学 Q1 ANATOMY & MORPHOLOGY

Tissue & cell

Pub Date : 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2026.103318

Haiyan Yang , Lei Zhang , Haixia Qian

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death worldwide, far exceeding other diseases such as cancer. Myocardial injury is a key link in various CVDs; reducing myocardial injury is an effective means of preventing and treating CVDs. Mitochondrial dysfunction is the pathological basis of various CVDs. Mitophagy, as a process that selectively eliminates damaged or dysfunctional mitochondria, is of enormous significance in maintaining the normal function and structure of mitochondria in cardiomyocytes and alleviating myocardial injury. Therefore, this review systematically analyzes the role of mitophagy in myocardial injury, explores targeted intervention strategies, and hopes to provide a theoretical basis and effective therapeutic targets for clinical practice.

心血管疾病（cvd）是全世界导致死亡的主要原因，远远超过癌症等其他疾病。心肌损伤是各种心血管疾病的关键环节；减少心肌损伤是预防和治疗心血管疾病的有效手段。线粒体功能障碍是各种心血管疾病的病理基础。线粒体自噬作为一种选择性清除受损或功能失调线粒体的过程，对维持心肌细胞线粒体的正常功能和结构，减轻心肌损伤具有重要意义。因此，本文系统分析线粒体自噬在心肌损伤中的作用，探索有针对性的干预策略，希望能为临床实践提供理论依据和有效的治疗靶点。

引用次数: 0

Insights into the stomach of tiger shark, Galeocerdo cuvier (Péron & Lesueur, 1822): Histochemical, ultrastructural, and phylogenetic analysis 虎鲨胃的洞察，Galeocerdo cuvier (p<s:1> & Lesueur, 1822)：组织化学、超微结构和系统发育分析

IF 2.5 4区生物学 Q1 ANATOMY & MORPHOLOGY

Tissue & cell

Pub Date : 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2026.103319

Fatma A. Madkour , Elsayed S.I. Mohammed , Eman E. El-Nahass , Mona M. Elwan , Ashraf S. Mohammad , Fatma Abdelhakeem

The tiger shark (Galeocerdo cuvier), a large apex predator fish, inhabits marine waters. It is also known for its dietary diversity and ecological importance as it plays a crucial role in maintaining the balance of the marine ecosystem. Despite the importance of this fish, no previous studies have reported the microscopic anatomy of its digestive system. The morphohistological features of the juvenile tiger shark stomach were thoroughly analyzed via histological, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural procedures, as well as phylogenetic analysis. Histological results exhibited that the gastric mucosa was thrown into short, thick primary folds lined by columnar epithelium. Three types of cells lining the gastric glands: mucous neck cells, parietal cells, and chief cells. Histochemical staining revealed differential mucin distribution, as demonstrated by periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and Alcian blue techniques (AB). Bromophenol blue (BPB) staining indicated high protein content in the keratin layer and mucosal epithelium. Immunohistochemical analysis displayed strong positive immunoreactivity in the surface epithelial cells and keratin layer, while the muscular layer showed no immunoreactivity. In semithin sections, telocytes (TCs) were identified across all gastric layers, recognized by their unique morphology and common distribution within the tunica muscularis. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) demonstrated multiple well-developed longitudinal folds and concavities, and numerous openings were detected within the gastric mucosa. The study demonstrated the effectiveness of integrating multi-gene datasets and advanced phylogenetic methods in clarifying the complex evolutionary relationships of sharks. In conclusion, this study provides novel insights into juvenile tiger shark stomach morphology, highlighting the keratinized mucosal surface and the widespread presence of TCs, which underscore the potential protective and regulatory functions within the gastric wall.

虎鲨（Galeocerdo cuvier）是一种大型的顶端捕食鱼，栖息在海水中。它也因其饮食多样性和生态重要性而闻名，因为它在维持海洋生态系统的平衡方面起着至关重要的作用。尽管这种鱼很重要，但之前没有研究报道过其消化系统的微观解剖结构。通过组织病理学、免疫组织化学、超微结构和系统发育分析，对虎鲨幼胃的形态组织学特征进行了全面分析。组织学结果显示胃粘膜呈短而厚的原代褶皱，内衬柱状上皮。胃腺有三种细胞：黏液颈细胞、壁细胞和主细胞。组织化学染色显示不同的粘蛋白分布，如周期性酸希夫（PAS）和阿利新蓝技术（AB）所示。溴酚蓝（BPB）染色显示角蛋白层和粘膜上皮蛋白含量高。免疫组化分析显示，表面上皮细胞和角蛋白层有较强的阳性免疫反应性，而肌肉层无免疫反应性。在半薄切片中，在所有胃层中都发现了远端细胞（tc），通过其独特的形态和在肌层内的共同分布来识别。扫描电镜（SEM）显示胃粘膜内有多个发育良好的纵向褶皱和凹陷，并发现许多开口。该研究证明了整合多基因数据集和先进的系统发育方法在阐明鲨鱼复杂的进化关系方面的有效性。总之，本研究为幼年虎鲨胃形态提供了新的见解，突出了角化的粘膜表面和广泛存在的TCs，这强调了胃壁内潜在的保护和调节功能。

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引用次数: 0

Efficacy of pumpkin seed oil on paclitaxel-induced tongue mucosal injury in rat: Structural and biochemical insights 南瓜籽油对紫杉醇所致大鼠舌黏膜损伤的保护作用：结构和生化观察

IF 2.5 4区生物学 Q1 ANATOMY & MORPHOLOGY

Tissue & cell

Pub Date : 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2026.103314

Amira Adly Kassab , Hani Ayman Alajou , Hadi Ali Alshihmani , Layan Suliman Hussein , Dareen Mahmoud Nofal , Zain Said Al-moudi , Leen Yousef Alkhateeb , Haneen Mustafa Alnasaa , Asmaa Mohamed Kharsa , Lara Mazen Aljabaly , Ruba Ahmad Alslehat , Adel Mohamed Aboregela , Darwish Badran

Oral mucositis is a common yet often overlooked complication of chemotherapy. Although paclitaxel (PTX) is a potent anticancer agent, it induces various pathologies in the oral tissues. Pumpkin seed oil (PSO) was prized significant pharmacological properties that can produce health-protective effects. The study aimed to highlight the effects of PTX on the dorsal tongue mucosa of rats and assess the alleviative role of PSO focusing on the underlying mechanisms. Forty rats were divided into: Control, PSO, PTX, and PTX + PSO. PTX was administered intraperitoneally at a dose of 2 mg/kg once weekly, while PSO was given orally at 1.5 ml/kg daily, both for 6 consecutive weeks. Tongue tissues were subjected to histological, immunohistochemical, biochemical and RT-qPCR analyses. PTX group exhibited a loss of the normal papillary architecture of the dorsal tongue mucosa. There was a statistically significant reduction in the epithelial thickness, the height and width of the papillae and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) immunoreactivity. Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were significantly elevated, while glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels were markedly decreased. A significant upregulation of NF-κβ, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-18, and IL-6 mRNA expression was observed denoting markedly fired inflammatory cascade. PSO + PTX group showed significant mitigation of these molecular alterations which were translated into structural conservation with no significant difference when compared to the control group. PTX triggers inflammation and oxidative stress, leading to epithelial proliferation arrest. PSO, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory rescuer, effectively preserves the structural integrity of the dorsal tongue mucosa.

口腔黏膜炎是化疗中一种常见却常被忽视的并发症。虽然紫杉醇（PTX）是一种有效的抗癌药物，但它会引起口腔组织的各种病变。南瓜籽油（PSO）具有重要的药理作用，具有保健作用。本研究旨在观察PTX对大鼠舌背黏膜的影响，并探讨PSO的缓解作用，重点探讨其机制。40只大鼠分为：对照组、PSO、PTX、PTX + PSO。PTX腹腔注射剂量为2 mg/kg，每周1次；PSO口服剂量为1.5 ml/kg，连续6周。对舌组织进行组织学、免疫组织化学、生化和RT-qPCR分析。PTX组表现为舌背黏膜正常乳头状结构的丧失。上皮细胞的厚度、乳头的高度和宽度以及增殖细胞核抗原（PCNA）的免疫反应性均有统计学意义的降低。丙二醛（MDA）水平显著升高，谷胱甘肽（GSH）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）水平显著降低。NF-κβ、TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-18和IL-6 mRNA表达显著上调，表明炎症级联反应明显。PSO + PTX组显示出这些分子改变的显著缓解，这些改变转化为结构守恒，与对照组相比无显著差异。PTX引发炎症和氧化应激，导致上皮细胞增殖停滞。PSO是抗氧化和抗炎救援剂，有效地保持舌背黏膜的结构完整性。

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引用次数: 0

HAX1 overexpression induces osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells via the MEK/ERK signaling cascade HAX1过表达通过MEK/ERK信号级联诱导牙周韧带干细胞成骨分化

IF 2.5 4区生物学 Q1 ANATOMY & MORPHOLOGY

Tissue & cell

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2026.103311

Peiqi Hao , Xin-yu Zhang , Mengting Wang, Fan Bao, Hui Guo

Background

Periodontitis is characterized by periodontal tissue destruction and subsequent tooth loss, significantly impacting quality of life. The potential of HAX1, a gene implicated in periodontitis pathogenesis, to modulate the differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) and its therapeutic potential remains unexplored.

Methods

PDLSCs were randomly divided into seven experimental groups, undergoing either HAX1 overexpression or knockdown treatments, followed by lipogenic or osteogenic induction. Lipogenic differentiation was assessed via Oil Red O staining, while osteogenic differentiation was evaluated by ALP staining. Mineralization capacity was determined by Alizarin red staining, and proliferative activity was measured with CCK-8 assays. RT-qPCR and Western blot analyses were employed to quantify mRNA and protein expression of genes associated with the RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway and to validate the efficacy of HAX1 manipulation.

Results

Validation of mRNA and protein expression confirmed successful establishment and screening of HAX1-overexpressing and -knockdown cell lines. Subsequent investigations revealed that HAX1 overexpression enhanced osteogenic differentiation and mineralization of PDLSCs while suppressing proliferation and lipogenic differentiation. Conversely, HAX1 knockdown yielded opposing effects. Analysis of the RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway demonstrated that HAX1 overexpression significantly promoted MEK/ERK phosphorylation and pathway activation, without affecting the RAF family.

Conclusion

HAX1 overexpression activates the ERK/MEK-mediated MAPK signaling pathway, which promotes osteogenic differentiation and inhibits lipid differentiation in PDLSCs, with positive therapeutic implications in periodontitis.

牙周炎的特点是牙周组织破坏和随后的牙齿脱落，严重影响生活质量。HAX1是一种与牙周炎发病机制有关的基因，其调节牙周韧带干细胞（PDLSCs）分化的潜力及其治疗潜力仍未被探索。方法将spdlscs随机分为7个实验组，分别进行HAX1过表达或敲低处理，然后诱导成脂或成骨。油红O染色评估成脂分化，ALP染色评估成骨分化。采用茜素红染色法测定矿化能力，CCK-8法测定增殖活性。采用RT-qPCR和Western blot分析定量RAF/MEK/ERK信号通路相关基因的mRNA和蛋白表达，验证HAX1操作的有效性。结果mRNA和蛋白表达验证证实了hax1过表达和低表达细胞系的成功建立和筛选。随后的研究表明，HAX1过表达增强了PDLSCs的成骨分化和矿化，同时抑制了增殖和脂质分化。相反，HAX1基因敲低会产生相反的效果。对RAF/MEK/ERK信号通路的分析表明，HAX1过表达可显著促进MEK/ERK磷酸化和通路激活，而不影响RAF家族。结论hax1过表达激活ERK/ mek介导的MAPK信号通路，促进PDLSCs成骨分化，抑制脂质分化，对牙周炎具有积极的治疗意义。

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引用次数: 0

Polystyrene microplastics impact on cardiac and pulmonary physiology and microenvironment in a mouse model: Role of taurine supplementation and molecular docking insights 聚苯乙烯微塑料对小鼠模型中心肺生理和微环境的影响：牛磺酸补充的作用和分子对接见解

IF 2.5 4区生物学 Q1 ANATOMY & MORPHOLOGY

Tissue & cell

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2026.103313

Amany Abdel-Rahman Mohamed , Badriyah S. Alotaibi , Yasmina M. Abd El-Hakim , Ibrahim Jafri , Samah S. Abuzahrah , Tarek Khamis , Ahmed E. Noreldin , Ali H. El-Far , Nawal Alsubaie , Wesam K. Bakhsh , Mohamed El-Gamal

Polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) have recently gained attention as widespread environmental contaminants posing risks to both human and animal health. In this study, we investigated the potential protective effect of taurine (200 mg/kg b.wt) against cardiopulmonary toxicity induced by PS-MPs (10 mg/kg b.wt) in male Swiss mice following a 60-day oral exposure. Molecular docking investigation for both proteins and mRNA targets was carried out utilizing a global, flexible docking strategy that allowed for full ligand conformational freedom and binding surface exploration. We designed an experimental model comprising four groups: Control, Taurine, PS-MPs, and a combined group (PS-MPs + Taurine). The results indicated that taurine significantly protected against PS-MPs-induced biochemical, histopathological, and molecular alterations that occurred in the cardiac and pulmonary tissues of mice. PS-MPs exposure disrupted the redox balance by suppressing enzymatic antioxidants (CAT, SOD, GPx) and increasing lipid peroxidation, while elevating cardiac injury markers (LDH, CK-MB, CPK, cTnI). These oxidative changes were accompanied by increased pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β) in both tissues, histopathological lesions in the heart and lungs, and upregulation of gene expressions of inflammatory and pyroptotic mediators (NLRP3, Caspase-1, ASC, GSDMD, NF-κB, COX-2, IL-1β, IL-18). Co-administration of taurine with PS-MPs markedly ameliorated these alterations, restoring antioxidant defenses, reducing lipid peroxidation and cytokine levels, downregulating inflammasome and pyroptosis-related gene expression, and improving tissue architecture. Molecular docking supported these findings by showing taurine’s potential interactions with inflammatory mediators, while styrene exhibited affinity for antioxidant enzymes, consistent with in vivo oxidative disruption. Collectively, the study highlights oxidative stress and inflammation as key mechanisms of PS-MPs-induced cardiopulmonary toxicity and highlights taurine’s promise as a protective agent against microplastics-related health risks.

聚苯乙烯微塑料（PS-MPs）作为一种广泛存在的环境污染物，对人类和动物的健康构成了威胁，最近引起了人们的关注。在这项研究中，我们研究了牛磺酸（200 mg/kg b.wt）对雄性瑞士小鼠口服暴露60天后PS-MPs（10 mg/kg b.wt）诱导的心肺毒性的潜在保护作用。利用全局灵活的对接策略，对蛋白质和mRNA靶点进行分子对接研究，允许完全的配体构象自由和结合表面探索。我们设计了一个实验模型，包括四组：对照组、牛磺酸组、PS-MPs组和PS-MPs +牛磺酸组。结果表明，牛磺酸对ps - mps诱导的小鼠心脏和肺组织的生化、组织病理和分子改变具有显著的保护作用。PS-MPs暴露通过抑制酶促抗氧化剂（CAT， SOD, GPx）和增加脂质过氧化作用而破坏氧化还原平衡，同时升高心脏损伤标志物（LDH, CK-MB， CPK, cTnI）。这些氧化变化伴随着两种组织中促炎细胞因子（TNF-α, IL-1β）的增加，心脏和肺部的组织病理学病变，以及炎症和焦亡介质（NLRP3, Caspase-1， ASC， GSDMD, NF-κB, COX-2, IL-1β, IL-18）基因表达的上调。牛磺酸与PS-MPs联合使用可显著改善这些改变，恢复抗氧化防御，降低脂质过氧化和细胞因子水平，下调炎性体和热缩相关基因表达，改善组织结构。分子对接显示牛磺酸与炎症介质的潜在相互作用支持了这些发现，而苯乙烯则表现出与抗氧化酶的亲和力，与体内氧化破坏一致。总的来说，该研究强调了氧化应激和炎症是ps - mps诱导的心肺毒性的关键机制，并强调了牛磺酸作为微塑料相关健康风险的保护剂的前景。

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引用次数: 0

CRViT-YOLO: A method for multi-morphological blood cell detection using convolution-restructured vision transformer crvityolo：一种基于卷积重构视觉变压器的多形态血细胞检测方法。

IF 2.5 4区生物学 Q1 ANATOMY & MORPHOLOGY

Tissue & cell

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2026.103312

Yaning Du , Yuliang Ma , Qingshan She , Xugang Xi

Complete blood cell counting plays a critical role in medical diagnostics; however, conventional manual examination is time-consuming and prone to errors due to variations in data sources, image quality, cell morphology, and staining characteristics. Deep learning has emerged as a promising solution to enhance both the accuracy and efficiency of blood cell detection. In this study, we present CRViT-YOLO, a novel detection framework built upon the YOLOv9 architecture. The proposed framework incorporates a Convolutional-Reconstructed Vision Transformer (CRViT) module to improve feature extraction by effectively capturing both local and global contextual information. Furthermore, a Feature Enhancement Module (FEM) is introduced to refine local feature representations, while the integration of the EIoU loss function enhances localization accuracy, particularly for densely packed or overlapping cells across diverse scales and types, and demonstrates robust performance in detecting polymorphic, healthy, and pathological cells. Extensive experiments conducted on four publicly available datasets—BCCD, BCDD, LISC, and BBBC041—validate the effectiveness and generalizability of the proposed approach, achieving mean average precision (mAP@50) scores of 93.9 %, 99.4 %, 98.8 %, and 76.0 %, respectively, in multi-class blood cell detection tasks.

全血细胞计数在医学诊断中起着至关重要的作用；然而，由于数据源、图像质量、细胞形态和染色特征的变化，传统的人工检查既耗时又容易出错。深度学习已经成为一种很有前途的解决方案，可以提高血细胞检测的准确性和效率。在本研究中，我们提出了一种基于YOLOv9架构的新型检测框架crviti - yolo。该框架结合了卷积重建视觉变换（CRViT）模块，通过有效捕获局部和全局上下文信息来改进特征提取。此外，引入了一个特征增强模块（FEM）来细化局部特征表示，而EIoU损失函数的集成提高了定位精度，特别是对于不同尺度和类型的密集排列或重叠细胞，并在检测多态、健康和病理细胞方面表现出强大的性能。在四个公开可用的数据集（bccd， BCDD， LISC和bbbc041）上进行的大量实验验证了所提出方法的有效性和可推广性，在多类别血细胞检测任务中，平均精度（mAP@50）分别达到93.9 %,99.4 %，98.8 %和76.0 %。

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引用次数: 0

Protective effects of polydatin on cyclophosphamide-induced ovarian and uterine damage in rats via modulation of hormonal, oxidative, inflammatory, and histopathological alterations 多丹素通过调节激素、氧化、炎症和组织病理学改变对环磷酰胺诱导的大鼠卵巢和子宫损伤的保护作用

IF 2.5 4区生物学 Q1 ANATOMY & MORPHOLOGY

Tissue & cell

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2026.103309

Ramazan Bülbül , Sefa Küçükler , Selim Çomaklı , Özge Kandemir , Elif Dalkılınç , Sevda Sağ Bayav , Cuneyt Caglayan , Fatih Mehmet Kandemir

Cyclophosphamide (Cyclo) is a chemotherapeutic agent whose clinical use is limited by its toxic effects on ovarian and uterine tissues. Polydatin (Poly), a resveratrol derivative with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, was evaluated for its protective potential against Cyclo-induced reproductive toxicity. Female rats were divided into five groups: control, Poly (100 mg/kg), Cyclo, and combination groups (Cyclo + Poly 50 mg/kg, Cyclo + Poly 100 mg/kg). Poly was administered orally and Cyclo was administered intraperitoneally. Serum hormone levels (AMH, FSH, E2, LH), antioxidant parameters (SOD, CAT, GPx, GSH), inflammatory markers (NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-1β), gene expression (Pgr, Esr1, Esr2, Cyp19a1, Foxl2, Amh, Hoxa10, Lhcgr, Hsd3b1, Cyp11a1, Sohlh2), and protein levels (BAX, BCL-2, ERK1/2, CREB) were analyzed using ELISA, RT-PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemistry methods. Histopathological analyses were also performed. The results showed that Cyclo significantly disrupted hormonal balance, reduced antioxidant activity, increased inflammatory markers, and induced apoptosis in ovary and uterine tissues. Poly administered with Cyclo dose-dependently attenuated these changes, restoring hormone levels, gene expressions, antioxidant status, and tissue integrity. Consequently, Poly may be a potential therapeutic agent for alleviating Cyclo-induced reproductive toxicity.

环磷酰胺（Cyclophosphamide, Cyclo）是一种化疗药物，其临床应用因其对卵巢和子宫组织的毒性作用而受到限制。聚datatin （Poly）是一种具有抗氧化和抗炎特性的白藜芦醇衍生物，被评价其对环诱导的生殖毒性的保护潜力。雌性大鼠分为5组：对照组、Poly（100 mg/kg）组、Cyclo组、Cyclo + Poly 50 mg/kg组、Cyclo + Poly 100 mg/kg组。Poly口服，Cyclo腹腔注射。采用ELISA、RT-PCR、Western blot和免疫组化方法分析血清激素水平（AMH、FSH、E2、LH）、抗氧化参数（SOD、CAT、GPx、GSH）、炎症标志物（NF-κB、TNF-α、IL-1β）、基因表达（Pgr、Esr1、Esr2、Cyp19a1、Foxl2、AMH、Hoxa10、Lhcgr、Hsd3b1、Cyp11a1、Sohlh2）和蛋白水平（BAX、BCL-2、ERK1/2、CREB）。同时进行组织病理学分析。结果表明，Cyclo显著破坏卵巢和子宫组织的激素平衡，降低抗氧化活性，增加炎症标志物，诱导细胞凋亡。Poly与Cyclo一起剂量依赖性地减弱了这些变化，恢复了激素水平、基因表达、抗氧化状态和组织完整性。因此，Poly可能是一种潜在的治疗药物，以减轻循环诱导的生殖毒性。

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引用次数: 0