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IF 15.9 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-07-02 DOI: 10.1016/s0966-842x(24)00153-7
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无摘要
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引用次数: 0
Influence of antimicrobial peptides on the bacterial membrane curvature and vice versa. 抗菌肽对细菌膜曲率的影响,反之亦然。
IF 14 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2024.04.012
Marlon H Cardoso, Cesar de la Fuente-Nunez, Nuno C Santos, Michael A Zasloff, Octávio L Franco

Many factors contribute to bacterial membrane stabilization, including steric effects between lipids, membrane spontaneous curvature, and the difference in the number of neighboring molecules. This forum provides an overview of the physicochemical properties associated with membrane curvature and how this parameter can be tuned to design more effective antimicrobial peptides.

导致细菌膜稳定的因素有很多,包括脂质之间的立体效应、膜自发曲率以及相邻分子数量的差异。本论坛概述了与膜曲率相关的物理化学特性,以及如何调整这一参数以设计出更有效的抗菌肽。
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引用次数: 0
Viruses shuttle between fungi and plants. 病毒在真菌和植物之间穿梭。
IF 14 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2024.04.013
Jichun Jia, Daohong Jiang, Jiatao Xie

The intimate relationships between plants and fungi provide an opportunity for the shuttling of viruses. Dai et al. recently discovered that a virus undergoes cross-kingdom transmission, and naturally spreads to both plant and fungal populations. This finding expands our understanding of viral host range, evolution, transmission, and disease management.

植物与真菌之间的密切关系为病毒的穿梭提供了机会。Dai 等人最近发现,一种病毒可以进行跨领域传播,自然扩散到植物和真菌种群中。这一发现拓展了我们对病毒宿主范围、进化、传播和疾病管理的认识。
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引用次数: 0
Targeting Megasphaera species to promote cervicovaginal health. 针对 Megasphaera 物种促进宫颈阴道健康。
IF 14 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2024.04.015
Mariano A Molina, Sneha Biswas, Virginia Núñez-Samudio, Iván Landires

Maintaining a healthy cervicovaginal microbiome (CVM) is vital for women's wellbeing; it is dependent primarily on Lactobacillus dominance. Microbiome imbalances, driven by Megasphaera species, contribute to infections and disease. Comprehensive research into Megasphaera biology and interventions is crucial for personalized women's healthcare, and additional efforts are required to mitigate the risks posed by cervicovaginal dysbiosis.

保持健康的宫颈阴道微生物组(CVM)对女性的健康至关重要;它主要取决于乳酸杆菌的优势。由 Megasphaera 驱动的微生物组失衡会导致感染和疾病。对 Megasphaera 生物学和干预措施的全面研究对于个性化的妇女保健至关重要,需要做出更多努力来减轻宫颈阴道菌群失调带来的风险。
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引用次数: 0
Cable bacteria: widespread filamentous electroactive microorganisms protecting environments. 电缆细菌:保护环境的广泛丝状电活性微生物。
IF 14 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2023.12.001
Meijun Dong, Lars Peter Nielsen, Shan Yang, Lasse Hyldgaard Klausen, Meiying Xu

Cable bacteria have been identified and detected worldwide since their discovery in marine sediments in Aarhus Bay, Denmark. Their activity can account for the majority of oxygen consumption and sulfide depletion in sediments, and they induce sulfate accumulation, pH excursions, and the generation of electric fields. In addition, they can affect the fluxes of other elements such as calcium, iron, manganese, nitrogen, and phosphorous. Recent developments in our understanding of the impact of cable bacteria on element cycling have revealed their positive contributions to mitigating environmental problems, such as recovering self-purification capacity, enhancing petroleum hydrocarbon degradation, alleviating phosphorus eutrophication, delaying euxinia, and reducing methane emission. We highlight recent research outcomes on their distribution, state-of-the-art findings on their physiological characteristics, and ecological contributions.

自从在丹麦奥胡斯湾的海洋沉积物中发现缆索细菌以来,世界各地都发现并检测到了这种细菌。它们的活动可导致沉积物中大部分氧气消耗和硫化物耗竭,并引起硫酸盐积累、pH 值偏移和电场产生。此外,它们还会影响钙、铁、锰、氮和磷等其他元素的通量。最近,我们对缆索细菌对元素循环的影响的认识有了新的发展,揭示了它们在缓解环境问题方面的积极贡献,如恢复自净能力、提高石油烃降解、减轻磷富营养化、延缓休眠期和减少甲烷排放。我们重点介绍了有关其分布的最新研究成果、有关其生理特征的最新发现以及对生态的贡献。
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引用次数: 0
Swimming towards each other: the role of chemotaxis in bacterial interactions. 游向彼此:趋化作用在细菌相互作用中的作用。
IF 14 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2023.12.008
Justin R Seymour, Douglas R Brumley, Roman Stocker, Jean-Baptiste Raina

Chemotaxis allows microorganisms to direct movement in response to chemical stimuli. Bacteria use this behaviour to develop spatial associations with animals and plants, and even larger microbes. However, current theory suggests that constraints imposed by the limits of chemotactic sensory systems will prevent sensing of chemical gradients emanating from cells smaller than a few micrometres, precluding the utility of chemotaxis in interactions between individual bacteria. Yet, recent evidence has revealed surprising levels of bacterial chemotactic precision, as well as a role for chemotaxis in metabolite exchange between bacterial cells. If indeed widespread, chemotactic sensing between bacteria could represent an important, but largely overlooked, phenotype within interbacterial interactions, and play a significant role in shaping cooperative and competitive relationships.

趋化作用使微生物能够在化学刺激下指挥运动。细菌利用这种行为与动植物甚至更大的微生物建立空间联系。然而,目前的理论认为,受趋化感觉系统的限制,细菌无法感知来自小于几微米的细胞的化学梯度,因此趋化作用无法用于单个细菌之间的相互作用。然而,最近的证据显示,细菌趋化的精确性达到了令人惊讶的水平,而且趋化在细菌细胞之间的代谢物交换中也发挥了作用。如果细菌间的趋化感应确实普遍存在,那么它可能代表了细菌间相互作用中一种重要的、但在很大程度上被忽视的表型,并在形成合作与竞争关系方面发挥重要作用。
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引用次数: 0
Diagnosing arthropod-borne flaviviruses: non-structural protein 1 (NS1) as a biomarker. 诊断节肢动物传播的黄病毒:作为生物标志物的非结构蛋白1(NS1)。
IF 14 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2023.11.016
Martina Ceconi, Kevin K Ariën, Peter Delputte

In recent decades, the presence of flaviviruses of concern for human health in Europe has drastically increased,exacerbated by the effects of climate change - which has allowed the vectors of these viruses to expand into new territories. Co-circulation of West Nile virus (WNV), Usutu virus (USUV), and tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) represents a threat to the European continent, and this is further complicated by the difficulty of obtaining an early and discriminating diagnosis of infection. Moreover, the possibility of introducing non-endemic pathogens, such as Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), further complicates accurate diagnosis. Current flavivirus diagnosis is based mainly on RT-PCR and detection of virus-specific antibodies. Yet, both techniques suffer from limitations, and the development of new assays that can provide an early, rapid, low-cost, and discriminating diagnosis of viral infection is warranted. In the pursuit of ideal diagnostic assays, flavivirus non-structural protein 1 (NS1) serves as an excellent target for developing diagnostic assays based on both the antigen itself and the antibodies produced against it. This review describes the potential of such NS1-based diagnostic methods, focusing on the application of flaviviruses that co-circulate in Europe.

近几十年来,欧洲出现的危害人类健康的黄病毒急剧增加,气候变化的影响更是雪上加霜--气候变化使得这些病毒的传播媒介扩展到了新的地区。西尼罗河病毒(WNV)、乌苏图病毒(USUV)和蜱传脑炎病毒(TBEV)的共同传播对欧洲大陆构成了威胁,而难以获得早期和有鉴别力的感染诊断使情况变得更加复杂。此外,日本脑炎病毒(JEV)等非流行性病原体的传入也使准确诊断变得更加复杂。目前黄病毒诊断主要基于 RT-PCR 和病毒特异性抗体检测。然而,这两种技术都存在局限性,因此有必要开发新的检测方法,以提供早期、快速、低成本和有鉴别力的病毒感染诊断。在追求理想诊断方法的过程中,黄病毒非结构蛋白1(NS1)是开发基于抗原本身和针对它产生的抗体的诊断方法的绝佳目标。本综述介绍了这种基于 NS1 的诊断方法的潜力,重点是在欧洲共同流行的黄病毒的应用。
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引用次数: 0
Modeling nontuberculous mycobacterial infections in zebrafish. 在斑马鱼中模拟非结核分枝杆菌感染。
IF 14 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2023.11.011
Matt D Johansen, Herman P Spaink, Stefan H Oehlers, Laurent Kremer

The incidence of infections due to nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) has increased rapidly in recent years, surpassing tuberculosis in developed countries. Due to inherent antimicrobial resistance, NTM infections are particularly difficult to treat with low cure rates. There is an urgent need to understand NTM pathogenesis and to develop novel therapeutic approaches for the treatment of NTM diseases. Zebrafish have emerged as an excellent animal model due to genetic amenability and optical transparency during embryonic development, allowing spatiotemporal visualization of host-pathogen interactions. Furthermore, adult zebrafish possess fully functional innate and adaptive immunity and recapitulate important pathophysiological hallmarks of mycobacterial infection. Here, we report recent breakthroughs in understanding the hallmarks of NTM infections using the zebrafish model.

近年来,非结核分枝杆菌(NTM)感染的发病率迅速上升,在发达国家已超过结核病。由于固有的抗菌药耐药性,NTM 感染尤其难以治疗,治愈率很低。目前迫切需要了解非淋菌性结核病的发病机制,并开发治疗非淋菌性结核病的新型疗法。斑马鱼在胚胎发育过程中具有遗传适应性和光学透明性,可对宿主与病原体之间的相互作用进行时空可视化,因此已成为一种极佳的动物模型。此外,成年斑马鱼具有功能完备的先天性和适应性免疫,并能再现分枝杆菌感染的重要病理生理特征。在此,我们报告了利用斑马鱼模型了解非典型肺炎感染特征的最新突破。
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引用次数: 0
Tradeoffs and constraints on the evolution of tailocins 尾蛋白进化过程中的权衡与制约因素
IF 15.9 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-06-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2024.04.001
Talia Backman, Hernán A. Burbano, Talia L. Karasov

Phage tail-like bacteriocins (tailocins) are protein complexes produced by bacteria with the potential to kill their neighbors. Widespread throughout Gram-negative bacteria, tailocins exhibit extreme specificity in their targets, largely killing closely related strains. Despite their presence in diverse bacteria, the impact of these competitive weapons on the surrounding microbiota is largely unknown. Recent studies revealed the rapid evolution and genetic diversity of tailocins in microbial communities and suggest that there are constraints on the evolution of specificity and resistance. Given the precision of their targeted killing and the ease of engineering new specificities, understanding the evolution and ecological impact of tailocins may enable the design of promising candidates for novel targeted antibiotics.

噬菌体尾部类细菌素(tailocins)是细菌产生的蛋白质复合物,具有杀死邻近细菌的潜能。噬菌体尾蛋白广泛存在于革兰氏阴性细菌中,对目标具有极强的特异性,主要杀死近缘菌株。尽管它们存在于各种细菌中,但这些竞争性武器对周围微生物区系的影响在很大程度上还不为人所知。最近的研究揭示了尾蛋白在微生物群落中的快速进化和遗传多样性,并表明特异性和抗药性的进化受到了限制。由于尾蛋白具有精确的靶向杀伤力,而且很容易设计出新的特异性,因此了解尾蛋白的进化和对生态的影响可能有助于设计出有前途的新型靶向抗生素候选物。
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引用次数: 0
The use of experimentally evolved coral photosymbionts for reef restoration. 利用实验进化的珊瑚光合共生体恢复珊瑚礁。
IF 14 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-06-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2024.05.008
Matthew R Nitschke, David Abrego, Corinne E Allen, Carlos Alvarez-Roa, Nadine M Boulotte, Patrick Buerger, Wing Yan Chan, Wladimir A Fae Neto, Elizabeth Ivory, Bede Johnston, Luka Meyers, Catalina Parra V, Lesa Peplow, Tahirih Perez, Hugo J Scharfenstein, Madeleine J H van Oppen

The heat tolerance of corals is largely determined by their microbial photosymbionts (Symbiodiniaceae, colloquially known as zooxanthellae). Therefore, manipulating symbiont communities may enhance the ability of corals to survive summer heatwaves. Although heat-tolerant and -sensitive symbiont species occur in nature, even corals that harbour naturally tolerant symbionts have been observed to bleach during summer heatwaves. Experimental evolution (i.e., laboratory selection) of Symbiodiniaceae cultures under elevated temperatures has been successfully used to enhance their upper thermal tolerance, both in vitro and, in some instances, following their reintroduction into corals. In this review, we present the state of this intervention and its potential role within coral reef restoration, and discuss the next critical steps required to bridge the gap to implementation.

珊瑚的耐热性在很大程度上取决于其微生物光合共生体(Symbiodiniaceae,俗称zooxanthellae)。因此,操纵共生体群落可以提高珊瑚在夏季热浪中的生存能力。虽然自然界中存在耐热和不耐热的共生物种,但即使是天然耐热共生物种的珊瑚也会在夏季热浪中出现白化现象。在高温条件下对共生藻培养物进行实验性进化(即实验室选择)已被成功地用于提高它们在体外以及在某些情况下重新引入珊瑚后的上层耐热性。在这篇综述中,我们介绍了这种干预措施的现状及其在珊瑚礁恢复中的潜在作用,并讨论了弥合实施差距所需的下一个关键步骤。
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引用次数: 0
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Trends in Microbiology
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