Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment最新文献

英文中文

Mobility scooters and older people’s mobility and accessibility: Evidence from Shanghai, China 机动滑板车与老年人的移动性和可达性：来自中国上海的证据

IF 7.7 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2026.105224

Weikang Kong , Xiaolan Huang , Fenghong An , Mi Diao

As an informal mode of micro-mobility, mobility scooters have gained popularity among older people in China, offering enhanced mobility and independence. However, their high accident rates have attracted criticism and prompted bans in many cities. Using an extensive survey in Shanghai, China, this study investigates the role of mobility scooters in the mobility and accessibility of older people, by examining factors influencing ownership decisions, usage patterns, and modal shifts both after scooter adoption and under a hypothetical ban scenario. The findings reveal that mobility scooters serve as essential tools for overcoming mobility constraints, enabling faster travel over short-to-medium distances compared to bicycles and e-bikes, and significantly expanding the accessibility of older people. Strict bans risk reducing older people’ mobility, activity participation, and overall well-being, hence exacerbating transport inequity. A more balanced approach is essential for promoting efficiency and equity in urban transport systems.

作为一种非正式的微型交通方式，滑板车在中国老年人中很受欢迎，它提供了更强的机动性和独立性。然而，它们的高事故率招致了批评，并在许多城市引发了禁令。本研究在中国上海进行了一项广泛的调查，通过研究影响所有权决策、使用模式和模式转变的因素，研究了滑板车在老年人的移动性和可达性方面的作用，包括在滑板车采用后和假设禁止的情况下。研究结果表明，与自行车和电动自行车相比，电动滑板车是克服出行限制的重要工具，可以更快地完成中短途旅行，并显著扩大老年人的可及性。严格的禁令可能会降低老年人的流动性、活动参与度和整体福祉，从而加剧交通不平等。要促进城市运输系统的效率和公平，必须采取更加平衡的办法。

引用次数: 0

Institutional barriers to dynamic truck charging: why electric road systems struggle in Europe 动态卡车充电的制度障碍：为什么电动道路系统在欧洲举步维艰

IF 7.7 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2025.105154

Aline Scherrer , Matthew Lockwood , Uta Burghard , Karoline S. Rogge

Electric road systems (ERS) have been proposed as an efficient solution to dynamically charge electric trucks but have not yet become a dominant solution. This paper provides an institutional explanation for the case of Europe, building on 22 expert interviews in eight European countries, event observations, and policy documents. The analysis identifies three main explanations. Firstly, as a line infrastructure, ERS require government commitment for build-up and coordination, particularly across borders. This conflicts with the widespread idea of technology-open governments that provide R&D funds to initiate market-driven solutions. Secondly, time constraints favour readily available solutions backed by industry, like stationary charging, over sector-specific ERS technologies that lack a unified lobby with policy access. Thirdly, ERS technologies challenge long-standing sectoral designs. If policymakers want to maintain the option of ERS alongside stationary charging, they need to acknowledge this institutional uphill battle and consider compatibility requirements for vehicles and an active commitment for larger routes.

电动道路系统（ERS）作为电动卡车动态充电的有效解决方案已被提出，但尚未成为主导解决方案。本文基于对8个欧洲国家的22位专家访谈、事件观察和政策文件，对欧洲的情况进行了制度性解释。分析指出了三种主要解释。首先，作为线路基础设施，ERS需要政府承诺进行建设和协调，特别是跨境建设和协调。这与技术开放政府提供研发资金以启动市场驱动解决方案的普遍观点相冲突。其次，时间限制更倾向于由行业支持的现成解决方案，如固定收费，而不是缺乏统一游说和政策准入的特定行业的ERS技术。第三，ERS技术挑战了长期存在的部门设计。如果政策制定者想在固定充电的同时保留ERS的选择，他们需要承认这是一场制度性的艰苦战斗，并考虑车辆的兼容性要求和对更大路线的积极承诺。

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引用次数: 0

Optimizing evacuation routes for human mobility during wildfires: A case study of the 2023 McDougall Creek Wildfire 野火期间优化人员疏散路线：以2023年麦克杜格尔河野火为例

IF 7.7 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2026.105216

Bahareh Raei , Apratim Sen , Max Kinateder , Noureddine Bénichou , Xin Wang

Wildfires present significant challenges to evacuation planning due to their dynamic nature, rapid spread, and the limitations of static routing methods, which often lead to congestion and increased safety risks. This study addresses these issues by analyzing the 2023 McDougall Creek Wildfire (Kelowna, BC) using GPS data, identifying congestion bottlenecks, and developing a dynamic Dijkstra-A* algorithm with a multi-criteria cost function that integrates distance, congestion, and fire risk. Validated through SUMO simulations across two scenario groups with fire origins in the northwest and southwest, we tested four evacuation strategies: simultaneous departure, temporally staggered departure, region-based evacuation with uniform response times, and region-based evacuation with realistic response time variability. Our results demonstrate that region-based, staggered evacuations with realistic response times effectively reduce peak congestion and improve safety compared to simultaneous approaches. This research highlights the potential of GPS-informed behavior and hazard-aware routing to improve adaptive evacuation strategies for climate-driven wildfire events.

由于野火的动态性、快速蔓延和静态路径方法的局限性，往往导致拥堵和安全风险增加，给疏散规划带来了重大挑战。本研究通过使用GPS数据分析2023年McDougall Creek野火（Kelowna， BC），识别拥堵瓶颈，并开发了一种动态Dijkstra-A*算法，该算法具有集成距离、拥堵和火灾风险的多标准成本函数。通过在西北和西南两个场景组中进行SUMO模拟验证，我们测试了四种疏散策略：同时离开，暂时交错离开，统一响应时间的基于区域的疏散，以及具有现实响应时间变化的基于区域的疏散。我们的研究结果表明，与同时进行的方法相比，基于区域的、具有现实响应时间的错开疏散有效地减少了高峰拥堵，提高了安全性。这项研究强调了gps信息行为和危险意识路径在改善气候驱动的野火事件适应性疏散策略方面的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Multi-scenario simulation of emission reduction and subsidy scheme for dangerous goods vehicles 危险品车辆减排及补贴计划的多情景模拟

IF 7.7 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2026.105220

Jiansong Li , Guoqi Li , Jiahui Cao , Xiumei Lu

Using trajectory data of dangerous goods vehicles (DGVs) in Chengdu, this study develops a three-phase framework to characterize spatio-temporal patterns of pollutant emissions, evaluate emission reduction benefits, and optimize subsidy policies. Results show that DGVs’ emissions exhibit a bimodal distribution, peaking between 9:30 and 11:30. These emissions expose over 3.2 million residents to health risks, with middle-income groups being the most affected. They lead to approximately 114 premature deaths and $18.68 million in annual economic losses. A combined strategy of improving fuel quality and electrifying heavy-duty DGVs could reduce over 76% of PM_2.5 emissions annually, prevent 84–93 premature deaths, and save $13.76–15.23 million. To close the cost gap and achieve optimal emission reduction benefits, this study recommends raising the subsidy cap for heavy-duty DGVs from $13800 to at least $21100 to promote electrification of China III or lower emission standard DGVs. Concurrently, charging infrastructure deployment should be accelerated.

利用成都市危险品车辆运行轨迹数据，构建了一个三阶段框架，用于表征污染物排放时空格局、评估减排效益和优化补贴政策。结果表明：dgv排放呈双峰分布，在9:30 ~ 11:30达到峰值；这些排放使320多万居民面临健康风险，中等收入群体受影响最大。这些疾病导致大约114人过早死亡，每年造成1 868万美元的经济损失。提高燃料质量和重型dgv电气化的综合战略每年可减少76%以上的PM2.5排放量，防止84-93人过早死亡，节省1376 - 1523万美元。为了缩小成本差距并实现最佳减排效益，本研究建议将重型dgv的补贴上限从13800美元提高到至少21100美元，以促进中国III或更低排放标准dgv的电气化。同时，加快充电基础设施建设。

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引用次数: 0

A transformer-enhanced causal analysis framework for inter-stop energy consumption of electric bus 基于变压器的电动客车停站能耗原因分析框架

IF 7.7 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2026.105221

Yixu He , Zikang Huang , Jiahao Zhan , Lingshu Zhong , Mingyang Pei

Electric buses (EBs) are central to urban transport electrification, yet their energy consumption patterns remain inadequately characterized at operational scales. This study develops an integrated framework combining high-accuracy prediction with causal inference to analyze inter-stop segment energy consumption. We propose Transformer with C-Mixup and Self-Distillation (TCMSD), employing similarity-based sample mixing to address data sparsity and imbalance, while self-distillation enhances generalization. By embedding TCMSD within Double/debiased machine learning (DML) as base learners, we achieve superior causal effect estimation with reduced bias and variance. Applied to EB fleet operational data, the framework reveals non-linear heterogeneous treatment effects across 10 factors spanning driving behavior, operational characteristics, and weather conditions. Results demonstrate marked improvement in prediction performance. The factors exhibit different characteristics from long-distance trips from a causal perspective. This approach provides transit agencies with predictive tools and causal insights for data-driven energy management and environmental impact reduction.

电动公交车（EBs）是城市交通电气化的核心，但其能源消耗模式在运营规模上仍未充分表征。本研究建立了高精度预测与因果推理相结合的综合框架来分析停车间段能耗。我们提出了带有C-Mixup和自蒸馏（TCMSD）的Transformer，采用基于相似性的样本混合来解决数据稀疏性和不平衡问题，而自蒸馏则增强了泛化能力。通过在双/去偏机器学习（DML）中嵌入TCMSD作为基础学习器，我们在减少偏差和方差的情况下实现了卓越的因果效应估计。应用于EB车队运行数据，该框架揭示了跨越驾驶行为、操作特征和天气条件等10个因素的非线性异构处理效果。结果表明，预测性能显著提高。从因果关系的角度看，这些因素在长途旅行中表现出不同的特征。这种方法为交通运输机构提供了预测工具和因果洞察，用于数据驱动的能源管理和减少环境影响。

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引用次数: 0

Unveiling the spatial-temporal heterogeneity of high-speed railway’s impacts on multiple air pollutants 揭示高速铁路对多种大气污染物影响的时空异质性

IF 7.7 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2026.105222

Yang Wang, Jin Li

High-speed railway (HSR) is a sustainable transportation infrastructure, yet its comprehensive impacts on air quality remain unclear. This study examines the effects of HSR on six key air pollutants (i.e., PM_2.5, PM₁₀, NO₂, O₃, SO_2, and CO) across 283 prefecture-level cities in China from 2008 to 2018. The results indicate that: (1) HSR has heterogeneous impacts on different pollutants. The marginal benefits for most pollutants strengthen over time, although the magnitude and direction of impacts vary considerably by pollutant type; (2) Further analysis identifies distinct pathways through which HSR affects air quality: particulate matter reduction occurs primarily through industrial transfer and upgrading, whereas NO₂ mitigation results from the substitution of road and air transport with rail services; (3) The relocation of pollution-intensive enterprises driven by HSR development may offset potential environmental gains in less developed regions. These findings offer crucial insights into the multifaceted environmental impacts of HSR.

高速铁路是一种可持续的交通基础设施，但其对空气质量的综合影响尚不清楚。本研究考察了2008年至2018年中国283个地级市高铁对六种主要空气污染物（即PM2.5、PM10、NO2、O3、SO2和CO）的影响。结果表明：(1)高铁对不同污染物的影响具有异质性。大多数污染物的边际效益随着时间的推移而增强，尽管影响的大小和方向因污染物类型而有很大差异；(2)进一步分析确定了高铁影响空气质量的不同途径：颗粒物的减少主要通过产业转移和升级实现，而二氧化氮的缓解则是通过铁路服务取代公路和航空运输实现的；(3)高铁带动的污染密集型企业搬迁，可以抵消欠发达地区潜在的环境收益。这些发现为高铁对环境的多方面影响提供了重要见解。

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引用次数: 0

Operationalizing social justice theory in transport resource allocation 社会公平理论在交通资源配置中的应用

IF 7.7 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2026-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2026.105218

Esta Qiu , David Rey , Travis Waller

Operationalizing social justice is challenged by the absence of a universal equity definition and inherent policy trade-offs. This study bridges theoretical social justice principles with operational decision-making by integrating four commonly discussed distributive justice theories—Utilitarianism, Rawls’ Egalitarianism, Prioritarianism, and Capabilitarian Sufficiency—into a bilevel bus frequency optimization model. It introduces linearized equity-oriented formulations to reflect the distinct distributive principles of these theories and proposes justice theory-driven equity metrics to evaluate distributive impacts using different ethical criteria. Using cumulative opportunity as a unit of distribution, the proposed frameworks and metrics are applied to Canberra’s southern suburbs. The results demonstrate that the choice of justice framework is not a neutral modelling decision but a normative one, with each framework producing distinct redistributive patterns and community-level trade-offs. This highlights the importance of aligning equity frameworks with policy objectives and governance contexts, as these choices ultimately shape public perception, political feasibility, and the long-term societal goals of transport investment.

由于缺乏普遍的公平定义和内在的政策权衡，社会正义的实施受到挑战。本研究通过将四种常用的分配正义理论——功利主义、罗尔斯的平均主义、优先主义和能力充足论——整合到一个双层公交频率优化模型中，将理论社会正义原则与运营决策联系起来。它引入了线性化的公平导向公式，以反映这些理论的不同分配原则，并提出了正义理论驱动的公平指标，以评估使用不同伦理标准的分配影响。将累积机会作为分配单位，提议的框架和指标应用于堪培拉南部郊区。结果表明，司法框架的选择不是一个中立的建模决策，而是一个规范的决策，每个框架产生不同的再分配模式和社区层面的权衡。这凸显了将公平框架与政策目标和治理环境相结合的重要性，因为这些选择最终会影响公众对交通投资的看法、政治可行性和长期社会目标。

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引用次数: 0

Sustainable steel slag in micro-surfacing: A mechanistic, performance, and environmental evaluation 微堆焊中可持续钢渣的机理、性能和环境评价

IF 7.7 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2026-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2025.105198

Daoming Shen , Hongwei Feng , Jinhong Xia

Replacing natural fillers with industrial by-products can enhance pavement sustainability by conserving resources and reducing environmental impact. This study evaluated steel slag as a filler replacement ranging from 0 % to 100 % in asphalt mastics and micro-surfacing. Surface free energy analysis linked the slag’s mineralogical and morphological features to improved binder–filler adhesion. Mechanical performance was assessed via wet track abrasion, cohesion, and loaded wheel tests. Safety and sustainability were examined using the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) and a cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment (LCA). At 100 % slag replacement, the work of cohesion increased by 28.7 %, moisture susceptibility declined by 45.9 %, and deformation and bleeding were reduced by over 40 %. The LCA indicated reductions in global warming potential (11.54 %), acidification potential (12 %), and cumulative energy demand (10.92 %), due to avoiding virgin filler production and lowering bitumen consumption. TCLP confirmed leached heavy metals below regulatory limits, supporting environmental safety and circular economy goals.

用工业副产品代替天然填充物可以节约资源，减少对环境的影响，从而提高路面的可持续性。本研究评价了钢渣作为填料在沥青沥青和微堆焊中的替代率，范围为0 ~ 100%。表面自由能分析表明，渣的矿物学和形态特征与粘结剂-填料粘结性的改善有关。机械性能通过湿轨磨损、黏聚力和载轮试验进行评估。使用毒性特征浸出程序（TCLP）和从摇篮到闸门的生命周期评估（LCA）来检查安全性和可持续性。在100%换渣时，粘聚功提高28.7%，水敏感性降低45.9%，变形和出血减少40%以上。LCA表明，由于避免了原始填料的生产和降低了沥青的消耗，全球变暖潜势（11.54%）、酸化潜势（12%）和累积能源需求（10.92%）均有所降低。中电集团确认浸出重金属低于监管标准，支持环境安全和循环经济目标。

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引用次数: 0

Green investment under route disruptions and the European union emissions trading system 路线中断和欧盟排放交易体系下的绿色投资

IF 7.7 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2026-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2025.105200

Jie Wu , Jiaguo Liu , Junjin Wang , Guoqing Zhang

With the shipping sector included in the EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS), carriers must purchase EUAs for emissions on EU-related voyages. Route disruptions such as the Red Sea crisis, Panama Canal drought, and embargoes force detours that raise fuel use and EUA demand, creating uncertainty for green investment decisions. This paper develops a two-period game model to examine how carriers adjust green investments under such disruptions. We find that high-probability disruptions strengthen the penalty effect of the EU ETS, encouraging early investment but simultaneously inducing a Prisoner´s Dilemma. Disruptions can increase total emissions in specific parameter regions due to longer detours, yet they also enhance the overall effectiveness of the EU ETS by expanding the conditions under which early investment becomes optimal. This study integrates route disruptions with carbon regulation to explain carriers’ strategic investment behavior and offers implications for decarbonizing shipping under uncertainty.

随着航运业被纳入欧盟排放交易体系（EU ETS），承运人必须为与欧盟相关的航次购买eua。航线中断，如红海危机、巴拿马运河干旱和禁运迫使绕道，增加了燃料使用和EUA需求，为绿色投资决策带来了不确定性。本文建立了一个两期博弈模型来考察运营商在这种干扰下如何调整绿色投资。我们发现，高概率干扰强化了EU ETS的惩罚效应，鼓励了早期投资，但同时也引发了囚徒困境。由于绕行的时间较长，中断可能会增加特定参数区域的总排放量，但它们也通过扩大早期投资达到最佳状态的条件，提高了欧盟排放交易体系的整体有效性。本研究将航线中断与碳监管相结合，解释了承运人的战略投资行为，并为不确定性下的脱碳航运提供了启示。

引用次数: 0

Heat-driven taxi demand reveals hidden mobility stress in walkable cities 高温驱动的出租车需求揭示了步行城市中隐藏的交通压力

IF 7.7 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2025.105195

Takuma Oda , Yuji Yoshimura

As climate extremes intensify, outdoor exposure in walkable cities becomes costly, increasing the reliance on door-to-door transportation. Using a multi-year dataset of app-based taxi trips from five Japanese metropolitan areas (2022–2024), we quantify behavioral adaptation to heat and rain. Above 27°C, ride-hailing demand increases near-linearly to 38% at 37°C, a pattern observed across all cities. This demand is strongest among infrequent users and for short-distance trips, particularly in high-density areas with poor transit access for first/last-mile connections. Hourly rainfall elicits a nearly identical response pattern, suggesting a general mobility adaptation mechanism. By translating the demand elasticity of short trips by infrequent users into a welfare metric, we map hidden “heat-mobility stress” hotspots around major rail hubs. Our findings show taxis are crucial buffers for urban mobility in extreme weather, with demand varying by user frequency, trip distance, and transit accessibility.

随着极端气候的加剧，在适宜步行的城市里，户外暴露的成本越来越高，这增加了人们对门到门交通的依赖。使用来自日本5个大都市区（2022-2024）的基于应用程序的出租车旅行多年数据集，我们量化了对高温和降雨的行为适应。在27°C以上，网约车需求在37°C时几乎呈线性增长，达到38%，所有城市都观察到这一模式。这种需求在不经常使用的用户和短途旅行中最为强烈，特别是在第一/最后一英里连接交通不便的高密度地区。每小时降雨引发了几乎相同的响应模式，表明一个一般的流动性适应机制。通过将不经常使用的短途旅行的需求弹性转化为福利指标，我们绘制了主要铁路枢纽周围隐藏的“热流动性压力”热点。我们的研究结果表明，在极端天气下，出租车是城市交通的关键缓冲，需求随用户频率、出行距离和交通可达性而变化。

引用次数: 0

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