Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment最新文献

英文中文

Long-lasting emission reduction modified asphalt: preparation, pavement performances and emission reduction efficacy 长效减排改性沥青：制备、路面性能及减排效果

IF 7.7 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2026.105254

Huazhi Yuan , Tao Dong , Tengwang Ge , Qian Chen , Chaohui Wang

To reduce the emission of asphalt fumes from asphalt pavements, an asphalt emission reduction modifier (TAP) and its modified asphalt were prepared. Its high and low-temperature rheological properties and medium-temperature fatigue resistance were analyzed and evaluated. The influence of different TAP dosages on the emission reduction efficacy of asphalt pollutants was explored. The long-term emission reduction efficacy of long-lasting emission reduction modified asphalt was verified. The emission reduction efficacy of TAP on asphalt VOCs was verified by HS-GC–MS test. This lays a solid foundation for further popularizing low-carbon asphalt in the transportation infrastructure field. The results show that TAP can effectively improve the high-temperature deformation resistance, low-temperature crack resistance, and fatigue resistance of asphalt. Long-lasting emission reduction modified asphalt with different TAP dosages all show significant emission reduction efficacy. Among them, when the TAP content is 20%, the emission reduction rates of gaseous and solid pollutants during the construction period both exceed 55%, and those during the operation period both exceed 45%. The long-term emission reduction efficacy of long-lasting emission reduction modified asphalt is remarkable. The coefficients of variation of the emission reduction rates of gaseous and solid pollutants in asphalt fume before and after long-term aging are both less than 4%.

为减少沥青路面沥青烟气的排放，研制了沥青减排改性剂（TAP）及其改性沥青。对其高低温流变性能和中温抗疲劳性能进行了分析和评价。探讨了不同TAP用量对沥青污染物减排效果的影响。验证了长效减排改性沥青的长期减排效果。通过HS-GC-MS测试验证了TAP对沥青VOCs的减排效果。这为低碳沥青在交通基础设施领域的进一步推广奠定了坚实的基础。结果表明，TAP能有效提高沥青的高温变形性能、低温开裂性能和抗疲劳性能。不同TAP用量的长效减排改性沥青均表现出显著的减排效果。其中，当TAP含量为20%时，施工期间气态和固体污染物的减排率均超过55%，运行期间的减排率均超过45%。长效减排改性沥青的长期减排效果显著。长期老化前后沥青烟中气态和固体污染物减排率的变异系数均小于4%。

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引用次数: 0

Mitigating container port congestion and carbon emissions through AI and capacity sharing 通过人工智能和容量共享缓解集装箱港口拥堵和碳排放

IF 7.7 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2026.105251

Shan Lyu, Ruisi Yang

Container port congestion results in substantial economic losses and carbon emissions. To examine the effectiveness and interaction of two common congestion mitigation strategies, capacity sharing and artificial intelligence (AI) investment, this study develops a game-theoretical model of two competing ports (a dominant port and a non-dominant port), and explores their impacts on carbon emissions. The results show that capacity sharing can alleviate the non-dominant port’s congestion by transferring service volume to the dominant port. This process reduces the non-dominant port’s carbon emission but increases those of the dominant port, and total emissions may rise when the non-dominant port’s capacity is relatively low. In contrast, AI investment consistently alleviates congestion and reduces carbon emissions. However, when the two ports have similar capacities, they may fall into a prisoner’s dilemma in their AI investment decisions. Moreover, we identify the capacity and cost thresholds for the non-dominant port’s optimal congestion mitigation strategy.

集装箱港口拥堵造成了巨大的经济损失和碳排放。为了检验两种常见的拥堵缓解策略——容量共享和人工智能（AI）投资——的有效性和相互作用，本研究建立了两个竞争港口（主导港口和非主导港口）的博弈论模型，并探讨了它们对碳排放的影响。结果表明，容量共享可以通过将业务量转移到优势端口来缓解非优势端口的拥塞。这一过程减少了非优势港口的碳排放，但增加了优势港口的碳排放，当非优势港口的容量较低时，总排放量可能会上升。相比之下，人工智能投资持续缓解拥堵，减少碳排放。然而，当两个端口的容量相似时，它们可能会在人工智能投资决策中陷入囚徒困境。此外，我们确定了非主导港口的最优拥堵缓解策略的容量和成本阈值。

引用次数: 0

Impact of electric vehicle subsidies on a mixed urban delivery fleet 电动汽车补贴对混合城市配送车队的影响

IF 7.7 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2026.105237

Yongling Gao , Yuan Qiao , Meng Xu , Yupeng Jiang , Taesu Cheong , Chi Xie

Electric vehicles (EVs) play an important role in reducing carbon emissions for logistics companies. This study examines three types of government subsidy policies for EVs: (1) vehicle purchase subsidy (PS); (2) fleet electrification subsidy (FS); and (3) mileage subsidy (MS). For each subsidy policy, a bi-objective optimization model is proposed to minimize the fleet cost and carbon emissions. The model considers the en-route charging decisions of EVs and carbon emissions of internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs). This study reveals that among the three policies (i.e., PS, FS, and MS), the policy resulting in the largest number of EVs in the fleet can maximize social welfare only when the per-vehicle environmental impact of EV production is low; When the impact is high, the greatest social welfare could be achieved under the policy yielding the fewest EVs. Varying individual policies has divergent effects: increasing the PS or FS can enhance fleet electrification and reduce emissions, whereas increasing the MS may primarily boost the average EV mileage. Comparing the same total subsidy level and using the PS as a benchmark, both the FS and MS policies can enhance fleet electrification and reduce emissions, but their limitations differ: the MS policy’s environmental benefits may diminish at high subsidy levels, whereas the FS policy may raise the total fleet cost. Any of the three policies can achieve the lowest total fleet cost, highlighting the need to tailor subsidy choice to a specific objective.

电动汽车在减少物流企业的碳排放方面发挥着重要作用。本研究考察了政府对电动汽车的三种补贴政策：(1)车辆购买补贴（PS）；(2)车队电气化补贴；（三）里程补贴。针对每一种补贴政策，提出了一种以最小化车队成本和碳排放为目标的双目标优化模型。该模型考虑了电动汽车的途中充电决策和内燃机汽车的碳排放。研究发现，在三种政策（即PS、FS和MS）中，只有当电动汽车生产对每辆汽车的环境影响较低时，才能使车队中电动汽车数量最多的政策实现社会福利最大化；当影响较大时，电动汽车产量最少的政策可以实现最大的社会福利。不同的个别政策有不同的效果：提高PS或FS可以提高车队的电气化和减少排放，而提高MS可能主要是提高平均电动汽车里程。比较相同的总补贴水平并以PS为基准，FS和MS政策都可以提高车队的电气化和减少排放，但它们的局限性不同：高补贴水平下，MS政策的环境效益可能会降低，而FS政策可能会提高车队的总成本。这三种政策中的任何一种都可以实现最低的总车队成本，这凸显了根据具体目标量身定制补贴选择的必要性。

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引用次数: 0

The potential uptake and climate impacts of Hydrogen-Fuel-Cell vehicles in Beijing 氢燃料电池汽车在北京的潜在吸收和气候影响

IF 7.7 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2026.105253

Ying Zhang , Xingjun Huang , Junbei Liu , Chengxiang Zhuge

Hydrogen-fuel-cell vehicles (HFCVs) can deliver near-zero life-cycle emissions with green hydrogen, yet urban uptake remains negligible. Most diffusion studies treat cities as static backdrops. To overcome this, we build a dynamic, spatially explicit agent-based model (SelfSim-HFCV), calibrated to Beijing (2018–2023) and simulating to 2035, which co-evolves demographics, land-use change, and vehicle markets. Under the baseline, almost no HFCVs emerge. Redirecting growth to the Tongzhou Subcenter barely alters HFCV uptake but reallocates charging-station density southeast rather than increasing totals. Introducing demographic heterogeneity boosts HFCV adoption and reveals profiles: owners are typically older, wealthier, and concentrated in child-free, retiree, multi-license households. Only synchronized purchase subsidies with hydrogen-refueling-station (HRS) rollout shift applications to HFCVs and deliver sustained emission reductions, while HRS alone has limited effect due to scaling delays. These findings highlight the importance of coordinating infrastructure timing, urban form, and social composition, suggesting a transferable framework for urban hydrogen transition assessment.

氢燃料电池汽车（HFCVs）使用绿色氢可以实现接近零的生命周期排放，但城市的吸收仍然微不足道。大多数扩散研究将城市视为静态背景。为了克服这一问题，我们建立了一个动态的、空间明确的基于主体的模型（SelfSim-HFCV），校准到北京（2018-2023），模拟到2035年，其中人口统计、土地利用变化和汽车市场共同演变。在基线下，几乎没有氢氟碳病毒出现。将发展方向转向通州副中心几乎没有改变HFCV的吸收，但将充电站密度重新分配到东南部，而不是增加总量。人口异质性的引入促进了HFCV的采用，并揭示了概况：所有者通常年龄较大、较富裕，并且集中在无子女、退休人员、多许可证家庭。只有与氢燃料补给站（HRS）同步推出的购买补贴才能将应用转移到氢燃料电池汽车上，并实现持续的减排，而单独的HRS由于规模延迟，效果有限。这些发现强调了协调基础设施时间、城市形态和社会构成的重要性，为城市氢转型评估提供了一个可转移的框架。

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引用次数: 0

Love thy neighbor – reducing driving through green slot labels in e-commerce 爱你的邻居——在电子商务中通过绿色插槽标签减少开车

IF 7.7 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2026.105252

Nora Svarstad Ytreberg , Guri Natalie Jordbakke

With the rapid growth of e-commerce and its negative externalities, an emerging literature examines the potential of nudging consumers towards more environmentally friendly delivery options. We contribute by analyzing a quasi-natural experiment of green labeling, investigating revealed preference data from 35,828 Norwegian customers over five weeks in 2024. A green label marks delivery slots that enable route optimization, thereby minimizing driving and related externalities. We exploit the quasi-random assignment of green labels, and a pricing randomized control trial, to estimate the label effect and the willingness to pay for green delivery using a multinomial logit model.

Results show that the probability of choosing a slot more than doubles when labeled as green. Moreover, we find a willingness to pay of €1 for green delivery, ultimately suggesting that consumers value green services and that green labeling is an effective tool for online retailers to minimize delivery costs.

随着电子商务的快速发展及其负面外部性，一项新兴的文献研究了推动消费者选择更环保的送货方式的潜力。我们通过分析绿色标签的准自然实验，调查了2024年五周内35828名挪威客户的偏好数据。绿色标签标记了配送槽，使路线优化，从而最大限度地减少驾驶和相关的外部性。我们利用绿色标签的准随机分配和定价随机对照试验，使用多项logit模型来估计标签效应和绿色交付的支付意愿。结果表明，当标记为绿色时，选择插槽的概率增加了一倍以上。此外，我们发现消费者愿意为绿色配送支付1欧元，这最终表明消费者重视绿色服务，绿色标签是在线零售商将配送成本降至最低的有效工具。

引用次数: 0

En-route charging and sequencing policies for heterogeneous electric truck platoons 异构电动卡车排的途中充电和排序策略

IF 7.7 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2026.105264

Chenglin Liu , Yang Liu , Zhigang Xu , Liang Wang , Haotong Tang

Electrifying long-haul freight with electric truck platoons can improve safety and efficiency, yet deployment remains constrained by limited range and further complicated by nonlinear charging characteristics and vehicle heterogeneity in battery capacity, energy consumption, and charging power. These challenges call for charging policies that are not only energy-feasible but also operationally implementable for corridor operations. We present a policy design and evaluation framework that produces implementable en-route charging and intra-platoon sequencing policies for heterogeneous electric truck platoons. The upper layer generates platoon charging policies that specify where to stop and how long to charge under nonlinear battery dynamics, using a schedule-integration algorithm. The lower layer derives sequencing policies via Monte Carlo Tree Search to maximize effective charging power by reallocating position-dependent aerodynamic benefits, thereby reducing cross-vehicle energy disparities. Evaluations on a real expressway corridor with heterogeneous platoons show consistent reductions in total charging times compared with two benchmarks. Sensitivity analysis quantifies how parameter dispersion affects policy performance and offers operational policies for long-haul corridors.

使用电动卡车车队实现长途货运的电气化可以提高安全性和效率，但由于行驶里程有限，并且由于非线性充电特性和车辆在电池容量、能耗和充电功率方面的异质性，使部署变得更加复杂。这些挑战要求收费政策不仅在能源上可行，而且在运营上可用于走廊运营。我们提出了一个政策设计和评估框架，为异构电动卡车排产生可实施的途中充电和排内排序政策。上层使用调度集成算法生成队列充电策略，在非线性电池动态下指定停车位置和充电时间。下层通过蒙特卡罗树搜索获得排序策略，通过重新分配位置相关的空气动力学效益来最大化有效充电功率，从而减少跨车能量差异。在一个真实的高速公路走廊上进行的评估显示，与两个基准相比，总充电时间一致减少。敏感性分析量化了参数分散如何影响政策绩效，并为长途走廊提供操作策略。

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引用次数: 0

Drilling for disaster preparedness: Insights from a community wildfire evacuation exercise 演练备灾：来自社区野火疏散演习的见解

IF 7.7 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2026.105258

Ann-Kristin Dugstad , Noureddine Bénichou , Maxine Berthiaume , Paul Geoerg , Steve Gwynne , Amanda Kimball , Kamryn Kubose-Peutz , Hui Xie , Enrico Ronchi , Max Kinateder

Community evacuation exercises (or drills) are one approach residents and authorities use to train wildfire emergency procedures in the Wildland Urban Interface (WUI). This paper presents results from a drill performed in Roxborough Park, a WUI community in Colorado, USA, in 2024. Observer and self-report data were collected to derive resident preparatory actions, pre-travel, travel, and total evacuation times, as well as route choice and the drill’s impact on their perceived preparedness. It took more than 28 minutes until 90 % of residents began traveling and more than 48 minutes until 90 % had completed their evacuation. Most of the participants reported following the instructions for the evacuation route, with a minority taking a shorter or more familiar route. The work underlines the value of drills for improving community disaster preparedness, providing data for developing/testing computational models, and deepening our understanding of human behavior in wildfire scenarios.

社区疏散演习（或演习）是居民和当局在荒地城市界面（WUI）训练野火应急程序的一种方法。本文介绍了2024年在美国科罗拉多州WUI社区Roxborough Park进行的一次钻探的结果。收集观察员和自我报告数据，得出居民准备行动、旅行前、旅行和总疏散时间，以及路线选择和演习对他们感知准备的影响。用了28分钟多的时间，90%的居民才开始出行，用了48分钟多的时间，90%的居民才完成疏散。大多数参与者报告说，他们遵循了疏散路线的指示，少数人选择了更短或更熟悉的路线。这项工作强调了演习在改善社区备灾、为开发/测试计算模型提供数据以及加深我们对野火情景中人类行为的理解方面的价值。

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引用次数: 0

From images to insights: ChatGPT and Google Street View for walkability assessments 从图像到见解：ChatGPT和谷歌街景步行性评估

IF 7.7 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2026.105245

Donghwan Ki , Zhenhua Chen

A better understanding of walkability in minority neighborhoods requires close attention to route quality, which includes diverse streetscape features, but comprehensive large-scale assessment remains challenging. This study introduces a novel approach that integrates ChatGPT with Google Street View (GSV) to conduct scalable, fine-grained walkability evaluations in Los Angeles, California. For each GSV image, ChatGPT generates both numeric walkability scores and narrative descriptions of negative aspects. LDA topic modeling is used to uncover latent walkability topics in these narratives. Spatial analyses of both outputs reveal that minority neighborhoods consistently exhibit lower walkability scores and face disproportionate challenges, such as unkempt streetscapes. Validation against human ratings and computer vision models is conducted to assess the reliability of ChatGPT-based evaluations. The findings demonstrate that ChatGPT can capture nuanced microscale features and social cues beyond the capabilities of existing off-the-shelf computer vision methods. This approach provides a context-rich, scalable tool for targeted and equity-focused interventions in minority neighborhoods.

为了更好地了解少数民族社区的步行性，需要密切关注路线质量，其中包括各种街景特征，但全面的大规模评估仍然具有挑战性。本研究介绍了一种新颖的方法，将ChatGPT与谷歌街景（GSV）相结合，在加利福尼亚州洛杉矶进行可扩展的、细粒度的步行性评估。对于每个GSV图像，ChatGPT生成数值步行得分和负面方面的叙述性描述。LDA主题建模用于揭示这些叙事中潜在的步行性主题。对这两种结果的空间分析显示，少数族裔社区的步行性得分一直较低，并面临不成比例的挑战，如凌乱的街景。针对人类评级和计算机视觉模型进行验证，以评估基于chatgpt的评估的可靠性。研究结果表明，ChatGPT可以捕捉细微的微尺度特征和社会线索，而不是现有的现成计算机视觉方法的能力。这种方法为少数族裔社区提供了一种背景丰富、可扩展的有针对性和以公平为重点的干预工具。

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引用次数: 0

Do micromobility systems promote public transit usage? Evidence from U.S. Cities 微型交通系统是否促进了公共交通的使用？来自美国城市的证据

IF 7.7 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2026.105256

Nicole S. Ngo , Chandra Kiran B. Krishnamurthy

We conduct the first U.S.-wide analysis, which includes over 100 cities, of the relationship between the number of micromobility systems and public transit ridership, which we proxy for using unlinked passenger trips (UPT) per capita. Our main study period is 2015 to 2019, during which we find that an additional micromobility system is associated with a statistically significant increase in UPT per capita of 0.026 (p < 0.01), which represents 1.2% of mean UPT per capita. Evaluating these effects by type of micromobility system, we find that only e-scooter systems exert a consistently statistically significant positive association. We also find: 1) that the effect is larger in less populated urban areas and; 2) when examining this effect after the COVID-19 pandemic (2022 to 2023), effects are insignificant or marginally significant. This implies micromobility systems complemented public transit before the pandemic, but the effect afterwards is less clear.

我们进行了第一次全美范围的分析，其中包括100多个城市，分析了微型交通系统数量与公共交通客流量之间的关系，我们使用人均非联运乘客出行（UPT）来代理。我们的主要研究时期是2015年至2019年，在此期间，我们发现一个额外的微移动系统与人均UPT增加0.026 （p < 0.01）相关，这代表人均UPT的1.2%。通过评估微移动系统类型的这些影响，我们发现只有电动滑板车系统具有一致的统计显着的正相关。我们还发现：1)在人口较少的城市地区，这种影响更大；2)在2019冠状病毒病大流行（2022年至2023年）之后检验这种影响时，影响不显著或略微显著。这意味着微交通系统在大流行之前是对公共交通的补充，但大流行之后的效果就不太清楚了。

引用次数: 0

Hybrids in the middle: PHEVs as bridge or lock-in to policy balance 中间的混合动力车：插电式混合动力车作为政策平衡的桥梁或锁定

IF 7.7 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2026.105250

Itay Dabush, Chen Cohen

Battery electric vehicles (BEVs) are central to transport decarbonization, yet the fiscal and environmental efficiency of government subsidies remains uncertain, particularly when they share the market with plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs). This study develops an agent-based model with evolutionary dynamics to examine how PHEVs influence market equilibrium behavioral adaptation and policy effectiveness within different fiscal frameworks. Two subsidy structures, a five-year unlimited budget and a ten-year gradually declining one, are simulated to explore how policy design shapes consumer and investor decisions. PHEVs may act as transitional technologies that support BEV diffusion or as competing alternatives that slow full electrification. At low subsidy levels, emissions remain about 23% higher than in a BEV-only market. Well calibrated fiscal support, however, may reverse this effect, achieving up to a 28% improvement in emission reduction. Predictable front-loaded policy design strengthens environmental performance and fiscal stability, guiding future policy decisions.

纯电动汽车（bev）是交通运输脱碳的核心，但政府补贴的财政和环境效率仍不确定，特别是当它们与插电式混合动力汽车（phev）分享市场时。本研究建立了一个基于主体的演化动力学模型，考察插电式混合动力汽车如何影响不同财政框架下的市场均衡、行为适应和政策有效性。模拟了两种补贴结构，一种是五年无限制的预算，另一种是十年逐渐减少的预算，以探索政策设计如何影响消费者和投资者的决策。插电式混合动力车可以作为支持纯电动汽车扩散的过渡技术，也可以作为减缓完全电气化的竞争替代品。在低补贴水平下，排放量仍比纯电动汽车市场高出约23%。然而，经过精心校准的财政支持可能会扭转这种影响，在减排方面实现高达28%的改善。可预测的前期政策设计可加强环境绩效和财政稳定，指导未来的政策决策。

引用次数: 0

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