Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment最新文献

英文中文

Fleet vehicle replacement strategy in the Korean market under phase-out of conventional vehicle 韩国市场在淘汰传统车辆情况下的车队车辆更换战略

IF 7.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2024-11-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2024.104501

Sangbaek Woo , Deok-Joo Lee , Saedaseul Moon

With the recent global requirements to phase out internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs), fleet owners (FOs) must consider battery electric vehicles (BEVs) as replacements, introducing regulatory risk due to policy changes. Many countries have legal retirement age limit for fleet vehicles (FVs), considered as policy constraint necessitating eventual replacement. Additionally, uncertainties like fuel price of ICEV and battery price affect the replacement decision. This study proposes an optimal replacement strategy using real option approach for annual decision-making under multiple risk factors. Using data from the Korean FV market, we provide managerial implications. Despite optimistic battery price projections, voluntary BEV switching is not expected to exceed 40% of total FVs. Sensitivity analysis reveals that adjusting the legal retirement age is more effective than changing the BGVSP implementation year. Also, A flexible subsidy based on fuel prices and the extension of the legal retirement age limit through safety inspections should be recommended.

随着最近全球要求淘汰内燃机汽车（ICEV），车队所有者（FOs）必须考虑将电池电动汽车（BEV）作为替代品，这就带来了政策变化带来的监管风险。许多国家规定了车队车辆（FV）的法定报废年限，这被视为最终必须更换的政策限制。此外，内燃机车燃料价格和电池价格等不确定因素也会影响替换决策。本研究利用实物期权法提出了一种在多种风险因素下进行年度决策的最优更换策略。利用韩国 FV 市场的数据，我们提供了管理方面的启示。尽管对电池价格的预测很乐观，但预计自愿更换的 BEV 不会超过 FV 总量的 40%。敏感性分析表明，调整法定退休年龄比改变 BGVSP 实施年份更有效。此外，应建议根据燃料价格提供灵活补贴，并通过安全检查延长法定退休年龄限制。

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引用次数: 0

The impacts of extreme weather events on U.S. Public transit ridership 极端天气事件对美国公共交通乘客的影响

IF 7.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2024-11-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2024.104504

By Nicole S. Ngo, Shahinur Bashar

Climate change is expected to dramatically change weather patterns across the U.S. To understand its impact on public transit, we use regression analysis to investigate: 1) the relationship between public transit ridership and very hot and cold days and days with heavy precipitation across 48 U.S. cities between 2002 and 2019, 2) how this relationship has changed over time, and 3) if there are differences in this relationship based on sociodemographic characteristics. We find a modest reduction in unlinked passenger trips (UPT) per capita, our proxy for public transit ridership, for each additional very hot day, very cold day, or day with heavy precipitation. The greatest reductions associated with very hot days occur toward the end of our study period and in lower-income cities. We also find greater reductions in UPT on buses associated with several consecutive days of cold and heat, but less so with rail.

为了解气候变化对公共交通的影响，我们采用回归分析法研究：1）2002 年至 2019 年间美国 48 个城市的公共交通乘客量与酷热日、酷寒日和强降水日之间的关系；2）这种关系随着时间的推移发生了怎样的变化；3）这种关系是否因社会人口特征而存在差异。我们发现，每增加一个酷热日、酷寒日或强降水日，人均非连接乘客出行量（UTP）（我们的公共交通乘客量代表）就会略有减少。与酷热日相关的最大降幅出现在研究期末和低收入城市。我们还发现，连续数天的寒冷和炎热天气会使公交车的 UPT 降低更多，但轨道交通的 UPT 降低较少。

引用次数: 0

Evaluating low-emission-zone impacts on urban road transport system in large city 评估低排放区对大城市道路交通系统的影响

IF 7.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2024.104503

Marta Borowska-Stefańska , Maxim A. Dulebenets , Alireza Sahebgharani , Szymon Wiśniewski , Monika Kozieł

The purpose of the study was to assess the impact that a low emission zone (LEZ) would have on the road transport subsystem. Different scenarios were adopted regarding: the spatial extent of the zone itself; the stages of its implementation, and the vehicles on the network (by age, engine displacement, and fuel type). The study was based on a macroscopic traffic model of Łódź employed to analyse how any LEZ-related restrictions may affect the operation of the urban road transport system in the city. The conducted analyses showed that while the implementation of a low emission zone would positively affect the environment, it would have a negative impact on the performance of the urban transport system itself. The simulations for each spatial scenario of the LEZ revealed that it would increase the travel times and distances necessary within the city limits, and also decrease travel speeds.

研究的目的是评估低排放区（LEZ）对道路运输子系统的影响。在以下方面采用了不同的方案：低排放区本身的空间范围、实施阶段以及网络中的车辆（按车龄、发动机排量和燃料类型）。该研究基于罗兹的宏观交通模型，用于分析任何与LEZ相关的限制措施会如何影响该市城市道路交通系统的运行。分析结果表明，虽然实施低排放区会对环境产生积极影响，但会对城市交通系统本身的性能产生负面影响。对低排放区各空间方案的模拟显示，低排放区将增加城市范围内必要的旅行时间和距离，并降低旅行速度。

引用次数: 0

Traffic noise mitigation through texture-induced quiet pavement: Analytical modeling and field test 通过纹理诱导静音路面缓解交通噪音：分析模型和实地测试

IF 7.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2024.104485

Wei Sheng, Yuhong Wang

Tire-pavement noise is a major contributor to traffic noise pollution, impacting human health and well-being. The advent of 3D printing and prefabrication technologies makes it feasible to economically produce delicate concrete pavement textures for noise mitigation. However, relationships between the noise and texture characteristics (e.g., cavity shape, width, depth, and spacing) remain unknown. This study developed an analytical model for tire-pavement noise and calibrated/validated the model using On-board Sound Intensity tests on a purposely constructed road section with manufactured texture configurations. These textures were found to be capable of reducing the noise level by 8–15 dB(A) over conventional concrete textures, and the model prediction closely matched experimental data. Subsequently, the model was used to investigate the texture-noise relationships and identify those major influencing factors. This study contributes to tire-pavement noise modeling and offers insights for building quieter concrete pavements and enhancing the urban living environment.

轮胎路面噪声是交通噪声污染的主要因素，影响着人类的健康和福祉。三维打印和预制技术的出现，使得以经济的方式生产精致的混凝土路面纹理来缓解噪声成为可能。然而，噪声与纹理特征（如空腔形状、宽度、深度和间距）之间的关系仍然未知。本研究建立了一个轮胎路面噪声分析模型，并使用车载声强测试对模型进行了校准/验证。结果发现，与传统的混凝土纹理相比，这些纹理能够将噪声水平降低 8-15 dB(A)，而且模型预测结果与实验数据非常吻合。随后，该模型被用于研究纹理与噪声之间的关系，并确定主要影响因素。这项研究为轮胎路面噪声建模做出了贡献，并为建设更安静的混凝土路面和改善城市生活环境提供了启示。

引用次数: 0

Public support for aviation emission policies in India and Norway: Cross-country comparison 印度和挪威公众对航空排放政策的支持：跨国比较

IF 7.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2024.104468

Steffen Kallbekken, Sofie W. Skjeflo

We examine public support for four policy instruments to reduce aviation emissions in India and Norway, analysing the determinants of support and the effect of information provision. Support is significantly higher in India, with coercive policies being the least popular. Perceived policy effectiveness and belief in anthropogenic climate change are strong predictors of support, whereas socio-economic predictors are largely insignificant. Respondents overestimate aviation’s CO₂ emissions, with misperceptions affecting policy support. Providing factual information on aviation’s global emissions reduces support for jet fuel tax but not for other policies. Information about emissions from frequent flyers does not affect support levels. Findings highlight the influence of public perceptions and beliefs on policy support and suggest that while targeted information can modify attitudes, additional strategies are needed to boost support for aviation climate policies. Policymakers should note the public’s preference for proactive policies, indicating an opportunity to implement advanced, sustainable technologies.

我们研究了印度和挪威公众对减少航空排放的四种政策工具的支持，分析了支持的决定因素和信息提供的影响。印度的支持率明显较高，而强制性政策最不受欢迎。对政策有效性的认知和对人为气候变化的信念是支持率的有力预测因素，而社会经济预测因素在很大程度上并不重要。受访者高估了航空业的二氧化碳排放量，这种误解影响了对政策的支持。提供有关航空业全球排放量的真实信息会减少对航空燃油税的支持，但不会减少对其他政策的支持。关于飞行常客排放量的信息不会影响支持率。研究结果突显了公众的看法和信念对政策支持的影响，并表明尽管有针对性的信息可以改变人们的态度，但还需要更多的策略来提高对航空气候政策的支持。政策制定者应该注意到公众对积极政策的偏好，这表明有机会实施先进的可持续技术。

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引用次数: 0

How far is too far? Urban versus rural acceptable travel distances 多远才算远？城市与农村可接受的旅行距离

IF 7.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2024.104474

Felix Johan Pot, Linus Piesch

This study examines spatial heterogeneity in acceptable travel distances across destination types and travel modes, contributing to the normative debate on setting accessibility sufficiency thresholds. Utilizing data from a 2020 survey on perceived accessibility in the Netherlands, the research finds that acceptable travel distances vary between urban and rural areas, contingent upon the mode of transportation. Rural residents accept larger distances, primarily facilitated by car use, while acceptable distances for active modes are higher in urban areas. Particularly in rural areas, travel distances do not always align with the acceptance of distances, especially regarding public transport. The key message for accessibility policy is that uniform distance thresholds may be ineffective across regions with diverse accessibility needs. The study concludes that empirical insights into the sources of variation in acceptable travel distances can assist in addressing the tension between setting general accessibility thresholds and strategies tailored to specific groups in specific areas.

本研究探讨了不同目的地类型和旅行模式下可接受旅行距离的空间异质性，为关于设定无障碍充分性阈值的规范性辩论做出了贡献。研究利用 2020 年荷兰可感知可达性调查的数据，发现城市和农村地区可接受的旅行距离因交通方式而异。农村居民可接受的距离更远，这主要得益于汽车的使用，而在城市地区，主动交通方式可接受的距离更远。特别是在农村地区，出行距离并不总是与可接受距离一致，尤其是在公共交通方面。对于无障碍政策来说，关键信息是统一的距离阈值在无障碍需求各不相同的地区可能是无效的。研究得出的结论是，从经验上深入了解可接受出行距离的差异来源，有助于解决设定一般无障碍阈值与针对特定地区特定群体的战略之间的矛盾。

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引用次数: 0

Least-cost light-duty vehicle fleet decarbonization and the electric vehicle conundrum 成本最低的轻型车辆脱碳和电动汽车难题

IF 7.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2024.104473

Farzad Poursadegh , Michael J. Brear , Thomas G. Leone

This paper evaluates the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and financial performance of the U.S. light-duty vehicle (LDV) fleet. It develops dynamic models for conventional (ICEV), hybrid (HEV), plugin hybrid (PHEV) and battery electric (BEV) LDVs in four vehicle classes (compact, sedan, SUV and pickup truck), estimating their component sizes, purchase prices, embodied emissions, fuel consumption, life cycle GHG emissions and total cost of ownership (TCO) as a function of vehicle miles travelled (VMT). These dynamic models are applied to the US LDV fleet with its wide range of VMT per vehicle, revealing that ICEVs have the lowest TCO at lower VMT, but HEVs and BEVs become more cost-effective as VMT increases. Financially optimal powertrain choice can then reduce fleet-wide GHG emissions by one-third with current technologies, without any subsidies or increased costs. Technological advances, particularly in battery costs and electricity emissions, are then powerful drivers of further fleet decarbonization.

本文评估了美国轻型汽车 (LDV) 车队的温室气体 (GHG) 排放和财务业绩。它开发了四种车辆级别（紧凑型、轿车、SUV 和皮卡）的传统（ICEV）、混合动力（HEV）、插电式混合动力（PHEV）和电池电动（BEV）轻型载货汽车的动态模型，估算了它们的部件尺寸、购买价格、内含排放、燃料消耗、生命周期温室气体排放和总拥有成本（TCO）与车辆行驶里程（VMT）的函数关系。这些动态模型适用于单车行驶里程范围较大的美国轻型商用车车队，结果表明，在较低的行驶里程范围内，内燃机电动车的总拥有成本最低，但随着行驶里程的增加，混合动力车和纯电动车的成本效益更高。在不增加任何补贴或成本的情况下，选择经济上最优的动力总成可使整个车队的温室气体排放量减少三分之一。技术进步，尤其是电池成本和电力排放方面的技术进步，是进一步推动车队脱碳的强大动力。

引用次数: 0

Impact of carbon charge policy on mode shifts in public transportation 碳排放收费政策对公共交通模式转变的影响

IF 7.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2024.104491

Chuyun Zhao, Jinjun Tang, Lipeng Hu, Cheng Hu, Guowen Dai

Driven by rapid industrialization and urbanization, increased carbon emissions in urban transportation pose a significant environmental challenge. Promoting public transportation and managing travel structures are essential for reducing emissions. Despite being proposed as an innovative solution, the urban implementation of carbon charge policies remains limited. This study explores carbon charge policies and analyzes pathways to shift car travel to low-carbon public transportation modes. Dynamic changes in emission hot spots are captured to define the carbon charge zones utilizing the emerging hot spot analysis method, which considers spatiotemporal autocorrelation and statistical validation. By integrating carbon charge into the Multi-Agent Transport Simulation (MATSim) platform, this study overcomes traditional policy tools’ limitations in capturing traffic dynamics and mode substitution effects. Experiments conducted in Shenzhen’s Futian District demonstrate the effectiveness of carbon charge policies in reducing car emissions, particularly during evening peak hours. The findings provide insights for sustainable urban transportation planning and management.

在快速工业化和城市化的推动下，城市交通中碳排放量的增加对环境构成了重大挑战。推广公共交通和管理出行结构对减少排放至关重要。尽管碳排放收费政策作为一种创新解决方案被提出，但在城市中的实施仍然有限。本研究探讨了碳排放收费政策，并分析了小汽车出行转向低碳公共交通模式的路径。利用新兴的热点分析方法，考虑时空自相关性和统计验证，捕捉排放热点的动态变化，从而定义碳收费区域。通过将碳排放收费纳入多代理交通仿真（MATSim）平台，本研究克服了传统政策工具在捕捉交通动态和模式替代效应方面的局限性。在深圳福田区进行的实验证明了碳排放收费政策在减少汽车尾气排放方面的有效性，尤其是在晚高峰时段。研究结果为可持续城市交通规划和管理提供了启示。

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引用次数: 0

The role of transit investments and initial neighborhood attributes on gentrification outcomes 公交投资和最初的社区属性对城市化结果的影响

IF 7.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2024.104463

Adam Schmidt, Eleni Bardaka

This research explores the disproportionate socioeconomic changes that neighborhoods undergo due to a new urban rail line and adjacent developments and whether these changes differ by neighborhood type. An index is developed to classify neighborhoods into three categories based on their socioeconomic characteristics prior to the line announcement. Average treatment effects are estimated by neighborhood category and over time through a quasi-experimental econometric framework. Econometric models are estimated for five dependent variables and four time periods. The econometric framework is applied to the light rail line in Charlotte, NC, and the analysis is conducted with two control groups to assess the robustness of the results. The results indicate that neighborhoods with a low socioeconomic index experienced large changes pointing towards gentrification due to the light rail line in comparison to the control groups, while in neighborhoods with medium socioeconomic index, the light rail line primarily impacted property prices.

本研究探讨了新的城市轨道交通线路和邻近的开发项目会给居民区带来哪些不成比例的社会经济变化，以及这些变化是否会因居民区类型的不同而有所差异。根据线路公布前的社会经济特征，我们制定了一个指数，将居民区分为三类。通过准实验计量经济学框架，按社区类别估算出不同时期的平均处理效果。计量经济学模型针对五个因变量和四个时间段进行估算。计量经济学框架适用于北卡罗来纳州夏洛特市的轻轨线路，并通过两个对照组进行分析，以评估结果的稳健性。结果表明，与对照组相比，社会经济指数较低的居民区由于轻轨线路的开通而发生了巨大的变化，指向绅士化，而在社会经济指数中等的居民区，轻轨线路主要影响的是房产价格。

引用次数: 0

Unraveling the role of freight facility development in the dynamics of gentrification 揭示货运设施发展在城市化动态中的作用

IF 7.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2024-11-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2024.104481

Zhengtao Qin , Chengcheng Yu , Haocheng Lin , Chao Yang , Quan Yuan

The demand for freight facilities has expanded substantially due to a surge in e-commerce demand, which significantly impacts land development and the built environment. The locational shift of such facilities leads to growing concern over gentrification due to its externalities and results in changes in socio-economic attributes and land values. Using the Spatial Durbin Model and the Structural Equation Model, this study explores how the locational behavior of freight facilities can influence local socio-economic changes, including gentrification. By using data from the Los Angeles region between 2011 and 2021, the study found that when freight facilities were relocated, gentrification could happen as a result of sociopolitical differences across places. A decrease of 1 freight facility per square kilometer is associated with an increase of $125 in median household income. Moreover, the move-out of freight facilities and the rise in land values are self-reinforcing in the long term. The findings provide insights into the balance between economic growth and community well-being regarding freight infrastructure development.

由于电子商务需求激增，对货运设施的需求大幅增加，这对土地开发和建筑环境产生了重大影响。此类设施的选址转移因其外部效应而导致日益严重的城市化问题，并导致社会经济属性和土地价值的变化。本研究利用空间杜宾模型和结构方程模型，探讨了货运设施的选址行为如何影响当地的社会经济变化，包括绅士化。通过使用 2011 年至 2021 年洛杉矶地区的数据，研究发现当货运设施搬迁时，由于各地的社会政治差异，可能会出现城市化现象。每平方公里货运设施减少 1 个，家庭收入中位数就会增加 125 美元。此外，从长远来看，货运设施的迁出和土地价值的上升是相互促进的。研究结果为货运基础设施发展方面的经济增长与社区福祉之间的平衡提供了启示。

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