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Global perspective of the risks of falsified and counterfeit medicines: A critical review of the literature 假冒伪劣药品风险的全球视角:文献批判性综述》。
IF 6.3 3区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2024.102758
Aonghus J. Feeney , Jeffery A. Goad , Gerard T. Flaherty

Background

The increasing prevalence of falsified and counterfeit medicines globally poses risks to international travellers. This narrative literature review examines the global challenge of falsified and counterfeit medicines, with a specific focus on risks for travellers. The aim is to provide a comprehensive understanding of this multidimensional issue, exploring potential solutions for effective intervention.

Methods

A comprehensive search of databases, including PubMed, MEDLINE, and Scopus, as well as relevant reports from international organisations, was undertaken. There was a focus on extracting information pertaining to the prevalence, types, and geographical patterns of falsified and counterfeit medicines encountered by international travellers. Synthesising this information helped to identify overarching trends and patterns. This narrative review utilised a thematic analysis approach to synthesise the findings.

Results

The findings revealed a diverse range of counterfeit drug categories, spanning from antibiotics to lifestyle medications, posing unique risks to travellers navigating the global pharmaceutical landscape. The review emphasises the geographical distribution of these drugs, with varying consequences for both high- and low-income nations. The inadequate formulations and inconsistent drug release arising from these practices pose severe threats to public health, especially for individuals travelling abroad. The review also highlights the significance of international collaboration in addressing this global challenge, as pharmaceutical supply chains seamlessly cross borders, necessitating a collaborative approach for effective regulation and enforcement.

Conclusions

This review underscores the need for targeted research, collaborative interventions, and technological innovations to address the complexities associated with falsified and counterfeit medicines, ensuring the safety and well-being of international travellers.

背景:伪造和假冒药品在全球日益猖獗,给国际旅行者带来了风险。这篇叙述性文献综述探讨了伪造和假冒药品在全球范围内带来的挑战,并特别关注旅行者面临的风险。目的是全面了解这一多层面问题,探讨有效干预的潜在解决方案:对包括 PubMed、MEDLINE 和 Scopus 在内的数据库以及国际组织的相关报告进行了全面搜索。重点是提取与国际旅行者遇到的伪造和假冒药品的流行率、类型和地域模式有关的信息。综合这些信息有助于确定总体趋势和模式。本叙述性综述采用主题分析法对研究结果进行综合:研究结果表明,假药种类繁多,从抗生素到生活方式用药,给在全球药品市场中穿梭的旅行者带来了独特的风险。审查强调了这些药物的地理分布,对高收入和低收入国家造成的后果各不相同。这些做法造成的配方不当和药物释放不一致对公众健康构成了严重威胁,尤其是对出国旅行的个人而言。本综述还强调了国际合作在应对这一全球性挑战方面的重要性,因为药品供应链无缝跨越国界,需要采取合作方式进行有效监管和执法:本综述强调有必要开展有针对性的研究、合作干预和技术创新,以解决与伪造和假冒药品相关的复杂问题,确保国际旅行者的安全和福祉。
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引用次数: 0
Rickettsia sibirica caused infection in international traveler from Cambodia 来自柬埔寨的国际旅行者感染了西伯利亚立克次体。
IF 6.3 3区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2024.102754
Junrong Liang , Biying Zhang , Zhongqiu Teng , Yuqing Cheng, Miao Lu, Qingzhu Huang, Xincheng Qin, JianGuo Xu, Tian Qin
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引用次数: 0
Dengue with wet purpura imported from Ecuador in a Colombian traveler 一名哥伦比亚游客从厄瓜多尔感染登革热并伴有湿性紫癜。
IF 6.3 3区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2024.102756
Luisa F. Sánchez Sossa, Andrés Eduardo Prieto-Torres, Leidy J. Medina-Lozano, Álvaro A. Faccini-Martínez
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引用次数: 0
Burden of schistosomiasis in global, regional, and national 1990–2019: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 1990-2019 年全球、地区和国家的血吸虫病负担:2019 年全球疾病负担研究的系统分析。
IF 6.3 3区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2024.102751
Ying Zhang , Yingzi Ming

Background

Despite the gradual decline of schistosomiasis due to the efforts of the WHO and various countries, with the WHO setting a goal to eliminate schistosomiasis by 2030, a comprehensive global assessment of the current status of schistosomiasis has not been conducted.

Objectives

To provide a detailed description of the changes in schistosomiasis from 1990 to 2019 by using the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 database.

Methods

We obtained all relevant data on schistosomiasis worldwide from the Global Burden of Diseases (GBD) database from 1990 to 2019. The mortality, prevalence, disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), Years of Life Lost (YLLs), Years Lived with Disability (YLDs) of schistosomiasis were examined by Socio-demographic Index (SDI), age, sex, and year at the global, region and national level.

Results

From 1990 to 2019, the age-standardized rate(ASR)-prevalence of schistosomiasis has decreased from 2600.9 per 100,000(95% uncertainty interval (UI) 2191.2 to 3059.3) to 1805.0 per 100,000(95% UI 1503.4 to 2146.9). The estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) from 1990 to 2019 was 1.28 (95% UI 1.22 to 1.33) in high SDI regions and −2.45 (95% UI −3.03 to −1.86) in low SDI regions. In North Africa and the Middle East, the most substantial reduction in DALYs occurred, with an observed EAPC of −5.36.

Conclusion

The burden of schistosomiasis has decreased over the past three decades worldwide. However, the high SDI regions have shown the increasing burden of schistosomiasis. Besides, Multiple countries in Africa still bear a significant burden of schistosomiasis, necessitating robust prevention and control efforts.

背景:尽管在世卫组织和各国的努力下,血吸虫病逐渐减少,世卫组织也制定了到2030年消除血吸虫病的目标,但全球尚未对血吸虫病的现状进行全面评估:利用全球疾病负担、伤害和危险因素研究(GBD)2019 数据库,详细描述 1990 年至 2019 年血吸虫病的变化情况:我们从全球疾病负担(GBD)数据库中获取了 1990 年至 2019 年全球血吸虫病的所有相关数据。按社会人口指数(SDI)、年龄、性别和年份对全球、地区和国家层面的血吸虫病死亡率、流行率、残疾调整生命年(DALYs)、生命损失年(YLLs)和残疾生存年(YLDs)进行了研究:从1990年到2019年,血吸虫病的年龄标准化感染率(ASR)从每10万人2600.9例(95%不确定区间(UI)2191.2例至3059.3例)下降到每10万人1805.0例(95%不确定区间(UI)1503.4例至2146.9例)。从 1990 年到 2019 年,高 SDI 地区的估计年百分比变化(EAPC)为 1.28(95% UI 为 1.22 至 1.33),低 SDI 地区为-2.45(95% UI 为-3.03 至-1.86)。北非和中东地区的残疾调整寿命年数减少幅度最大,观察到的 EAPC 为-5.36:在过去三十年中,全球血吸虫病负担有所减轻。然而,血吸虫病高发病率地区的血吸虫病负担却在增加。此外,非洲多个国家仍承受着巨大的血吸虫病负担,因此需要大力开展预防和控制工作。
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引用次数: 0
Mpox strikes once more in 2024: Declared again as a public health emergency of international concern 2024 年,麻风腮再次来袭:再次宣布为国际关注的突发公共卫生事件。
IF 6.3 3区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2024.102753
Ranjit Sah , Vasso Apostolopoulos , Rachana Mehta, Ranjana Rohilla, Sanjit Sah, Aroop Mohanty, Vini Mehta, Jack Feehan, Camila Luna, Francisco Javier Membrillo de Novales, Jaffar A. Al-Tawfiq, Antonio Cascio, Ana Johanna Samayoa-Bran, D. Katterine Bonilla-Aldana, Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales
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引用次数: 0
Corrigendum to “Hepatitis and secondary dengue on Reunion island” [Trav Med Infect Dis 59 (2024) 102717] 留尼汪岛上的肝炎和继发性登革热"[Trav Med Infect Dis 59 (2024) 102717]的更正。
IF 6.3 3区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2024.102732
Antoine Alvarez, Olivier Maillard, Yves-Marie Diarra, Antoine Bertolotti, Patrick Gérardin
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引用次数: 0
Corrigendum to “Host biomarkers for early identification of severe imported Plasmodium falciparum malaria” [Trav. Med. Infect. Dis. 54 (2023) 102608] 更正:"用于早期识别严重输入性恶性疟原虫疟疾的宿主生物标志物"[Trav. Med. Infect. Dis. 54 (2023) 102608]
IF 6.3 3区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-08-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2024.102752
L. Balerdi-Sarasola , C. Parolo , P. Fleitas , A. Cruz , C. Subirà , N. Rodríguez-Valero , A. Almuedo-Riera , L. Letona , M.J. Álvarez-Martínez , M Eugenia Valls , I. Vera , A. Mayor , J. Muñoz , D. Camprubí-Ferrer
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引用次数: 0
Rabies post-exposure prophylaxis in the emergency department: A monocentric retrospective observational study 急诊科的狂犬病暴露后预防:单中心回顾性观察研究。
IF 6.3 3区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-08-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2024.102750
Mareen Braunstein , Markus Wörnle

Background

Emergency departments (ED) are frequently visited after suspected rabies exposure (SRE) and the potential need for rabies post-exposure prophylaxis (R-PEP). However, data on the number of visits, patients' demographics, travel history and the medical treatment is still rare. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the number of R-PEP and the appropriateness of medical management including wound treatment, vaccination regime and immunoglobulin application following SRE in a university hospital ED.

Method

We conducted a monocentric retrospective observational study on emergency patients treated in the ED of the LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany, between June 1st, 2023 and January 31st, 2024. Patients requiring post-exposure prophylaxis due to SRE abroad or in Germany were included. Demographic data, travel history, clinical findings, wound treatment, and R-PEP vaccination regimen were recorded.

Results

During the observation period of 245 days 43 patients presented to our ED for R-PEP. There was a total of 51 presentation appointments, as 5 patients returned for further treatment. Most patients (27, 52.9 %) presented at the ED on a Saturday, Sunday, or a public holiday. 17 (39.5 %) patients had a category II exposure, and 26 (60.5 %) had a category III exposure. In our ED, there were 28 (55.0 %) active vaccinations and 23 (45.0 %) both active and passive vaccinations.

Conclusions

Our data show that patients frequently present for R-PEP in ED. Therefore, there is a high need for education on indication for R-PEP and for implementation of precise R-PEP treatment guidelines in daily clinical practice.

背景:疑似狂犬病暴露(SRE)和可能需要狂犬病暴露后预防(R-PEP)的患者经常到急诊科(ED)就诊。然而,有关就诊人数、患者人口统计学特征、旅行史和治疗方法的数据仍然很少。因此,本研究的目的是评估大学医院急诊室狂犬病暴露后预防的次数和医疗管理的适当性,包括伤口处理、疫苗接种制度和免疫球蛋白应用:我们对 2023 年 6 月 1 日至 2024 年 1 月 31 日期间在德国慕尼黑路德维希-马克西米利安大学 LMU 大学医院急诊科接受治疗的急诊患者进行了一项单中心回顾性观察研究。研究对象包括在国外或德国因感染 SRE 而需要进行暴露后预防治疗的患者。结果:在245天的观察期内,有43名患者到我们的急诊室就诊,要求接种R-PEP疫苗。由于有 5 名患者返回接受进一步治疗,因此共预约了 51 次就诊。大多数患者(27 人,占 52.9%)在周六、周日或公共节假日到急诊科就诊。17名患者(39.5%)属于二类暴露,26名患者(60.5%)属于三类暴露。在我们的急诊室,有 28 人(55.0%)主动接种过疫苗,23 人(45.0%)同时主动和被动接种过疫苗:我们的数据显示,急诊科经常有患者前来接种 R-PEP。结论:我们的数据显示,急诊科经常有患者前来接种 R-PEP 疫苗,因此,急需开展有关 R-PEP 适应症的教育,并在日常临床实践中实施精确的 R-PEP 治疗指南。
{"title":"Rabies post-exposure prophylaxis in the emergency department: A monocentric retrospective observational study","authors":"Mareen Braunstein ,&nbsp;Markus Wörnle","doi":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2024.102750","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2024.102750","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Emergency departments (ED) are frequently visited after suspected rabies exposure (SRE) and the potential need for rabies post-exposure prophylaxis (R-PEP). However, data on the number of visits, patients' demographics, travel history and the medical treatment is still rare. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the number of R-PEP and the appropriateness of medical management including wound treatment, vaccination regime and immunoglobulin application following SRE in a university hospital ED.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>We conducted a monocentric retrospective observational study on emergency patients treated in the ED of the LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany, between June 1st<sup>,</sup> 2023 and January 31st<sup>,</sup> 2024. Patients requiring post-exposure prophylaxis due to SRE abroad or in Germany were included. Demographic data, travel history, clinical findings, wound treatment, and R-PEP vaccination regimen were recorded.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>During the observation period of 245 days 43 patients presented to our ED for R-PEP. There was a total of 51 presentation appointments, as 5 patients returned for further treatment. Most patients (27, 52.9 %) presented at the ED on a Saturday, Sunday, or a public holiday. 17 (39.5 %) patients had a category II exposure, and 26 (60.5 %) had a category III exposure. In our ED, there were 28 (55.0 %) active vaccinations and 23 (45.0 %) both active and passive vaccinations.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Our data show that patients frequently present for R-PEP in ED. Therefore, there is a high need for education on indication for R-PEP and for implementation of precise R-PEP treatment guidelines in daily clinical practice.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23312,"journal":{"name":"Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 102750"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893924000668/pdfft?md5=659034fcf303c9a9474be79a580fc542&pid=1-s2.0-S1477893924000668-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141914090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Spontaneous regression of cutaneous lesions caused by Leishmania panamensis in a traveller returning from Costa Rica 一名从哥斯达黎加回国的旅行者身上由巴拿马利什曼原虫引起的皮肤病变自发消退。
IF 6.3 3区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-07-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2024.102749
Pauline Di Paola, Christine Ngo Ngai, Margaux Froidefond, Barbara Doudier, Pierre Dudouet, Jean-Christophe Lagier, Coralie L’Ollivier, Coline Mortier
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引用次数: 0
Human gut microbiota composition associated with international travels 与国际旅行有关的人类肠道微生物群组成。
IF 6.3 3区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-07-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2024.102747
D. Henares , V. Monsalvez , Pedro Brotons , Maria Luisa Machado , Silvia Capilla , Aina Gomila-Grange , Paula Bierge , Meritxell Cubero , Oscar Q. Pich , Ana Requena-Méndez , C. Muñoz-Almagro , O. Gasch

Objective

The objective of this study was to evaluate whether long stays in non-European countries influence the composition, diversity, and dynamics of gut microbiota, considering the potential impact of travelling, close contact with new people, and consumption of water and food.

Methods

Two prospective cohorts were analyzed: (i) A longitudinal cohort comprising long-term travellers who provided fecal samples before and after their travels. (ii) A cohort consisting of long-term travellers and recently arrived migrants from non-European countries, which was compared with non-traveller controls. Each participant self-collected fecal samples and provided demographic and epidemiological data. Microbiota was characterized through 16 S rRNA gene sequencing.

Results

The longitudinal cohort comprised 17 subjects. A trend toward higher bacterial diversity was observed after travelling (Shannon index 3.12vs3.26). When comparing 84 travellers/migrants with 97 non-travellers, a confirmed association of higher diversity levels with travelling was observed (Phylogenetic diversity: 22.1vs20.9). Specific genera enriched in travellers' gut microbiota were identified, including Escherichia/Shigella, Bacteroides, and Parabacteroides. The analysis revealed three major clusters with profound differences in their bacterial composition, which exhibited differential distribution between travellers and non-travellers (Adonis P < 0.001; R2 = 30.6 %). Two clusters were more frequently observed in travellers: The first cluster, characterized by dominance of Escherichia/Shigella, exhibited the lowest levels of richness and diversity. The second cluster, dominated by Faecalibacterium and Bacteroides, displayed the highest richness and diversity patterns.

Conclusion

These findings highlight the diverse impact of international travel on gut microbiota composition and underscore the importance of considering microbiota resilience and diversity in understanding the health implications.

研究目的本研究的目的是评估在非欧洲国家的长期逗留是否会影响肠道微生物群的组成、多样性和动态,同时考虑旅行、与新朋友的密切接触以及水和食物摄入的潜在影响:分析了两个前瞻性队列:(i) 由长期旅行者组成的纵向队列,他们在旅行前后提供粪便样本。(ii) 由来自非欧洲国家的长期旅行者和新近抵达的移民组成的队列,与非旅行者对照组进行比较。每位参与者都自行采集了粪便样本,并提供了人口统计学和流行病学数据。通过 16S rRNA 基因测序确定了微生物群的特征:结果:纵向队列由 17 名受试者组成。观察到旅行后细菌多样性呈上升趋势(香农指数为 3.12vs3.26)。在对 84 名旅行者/移民和 97 名非旅行者进行比较时,发现旅行后细菌的多样性水平更高(系统发育多样性:22.1vs20.9)。在旅行者的肠道微生物群中发现了富集的特定菌属,包括埃希氏菌/志贺氏菌、乳杆菌和副乳杆菌。分析表明,三个主要菌群的细菌组成差异很大,在旅行者和非旅行者之间的分布情况也不尽相同(Adonis PConclusion):这些发现凸显了国际旅行对肠道微生物群组成的不同影响,并强调了考虑微生物群复原力和多样性对理解健康影响的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
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