Pub Date : 2025-08-20DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102891
Jorge B. Díaz Ramírez , Luis A. Cortázar Maldonado , Patricia Bautista-Carbajal , Miguel L. García-León , Anna Fomina , Karen Chavarría-Villafuerte , José A. Morales-Fernández , Midori Kato-Maeda , Rosa M. Wong-Chew
Background
Little is known about latent tuberculosis infection and sexually transmitted diseases in international mobility students, due to the limited number of educational institutions that provide care for these types of health problems. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection and the presence of some sexually transmitted diseases in the population of incoming mobility students of the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), as well as their socio-demographic, migratory and health characteristics; in order to contribute to the design of strategies for the detection of asymptomatic diseases that may have an impact on the health of this population.
Methods
Incoming mobility students of the UNAM were invited to participate in the study, underwent a clinical history and physical examination, and informed consent was requested for the collection of blood to determine the presence of TB and some sexually transmitted diseases. Socio-demographic, migration and health characteristics were recorded.
Results
149 incoming mobility students were recruited, with a prevalence of 7.3 % of latent TB. None of the students were positive for HIV and HCV, and only one student was positive for syphilis.
Conclusions
The prevalence of latent TB was 7.3 %. LTB and sexually transmitted diseases in high-risk populations, such as international mobility students, was unknown in our country. It is important to continue with research projects aimed at reducing the burden of disease in this population and to promote the development of strategies that inform educational institutions about their presence, control and prevention.
{"title":"Latent tuberculosis infection and sexually transmitted diseases in incoming mobility students at the National Autonomous University of Mexico","authors":"Jorge B. Díaz Ramírez , Luis A. Cortázar Maldonado , Patricia Bautista-Carbajal , Miguel L. García-León , Anna Fomina , Karen Chavarría-Villafuerte , José A. Morales-Fernández , Midori Kato-Maeda , Rosa M. Wong-Chew","doi":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102891","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102891","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Little is known about latent tuberculosis infection and sexually transmitted diseases in international mobility students, due to the limited number of educational institutions that provide care for these types of health problems. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection and the presence of some sexually transmitted diseases in the population of incoming mobility students of the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), as well as their socio-demographic, migratory and health characteristics; in order to contribute to the design of strategies for the detection of asymptomatic diseases that may have an impact on the health of this population.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Incoming mobility students of the UNAM were invited to participate in the study, underwent a clinical history and physical examination, and informed consent was requested for the collection of blood to determine the presence of TB and some sexually transmitted diseases. Socio-demographic, migration and health characteristics were recorded.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>149 incoming mobility students were recruited, with a prevalence of 7.3 % of latent TB. None of the students were positive for HIV and HCV, and only one student was positive for syphilis.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The prevalence of latent TB was 7.3 %. LTB and sexually transmitted diseases in high-risk populations, such as international mobility students, was unknown in our country. It is important to continue with research projects aimed at reducing the burden of disease in this population and to promote the development of strategies that inform educational institutions about their presence, control and prevention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23312,"journal":{"name":"Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 102891"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144889041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-19DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102892
Yu-Feng Yang , Yun-Bo Qiu , Qiang Xu , Rui-Cheng Gao , Tian Tang , Yao Tian , Yan-He Wang , Sheng-Hong Lin , Yun-Dong Shi , Long-Tao Chen , Yan Zhang , Jun Ma , Chen-Long Lv , Guo-Lin Wang , Hai-Feng Pan , Wei Liu , Li-Qun Fang
Background
Chikungunya virus, emerging as an increasingly significant global health threat, poses significant uncertainty regarding the global risk of its endemicity and autochthonous transmission following importation.
Methods
In this study, we established a multi-source database spanning 70 years (1953–2023), synthesizing 4515 geolocated records of human, vector, and animal infections alongside clinical metadata. Three machine learning algorithms were utilized to analyze the ecological factors associated with CHIKV occurrences in regions characterized by endemic or autochthonous transmission following importation. Subsequently, the respective risk distributions of CHIKV occurrences were projected and used the SHAP method to rank feature importance and interpret model predictions.
Results
Machine learning frameworks that stratifying endemic zones and importation-transmission prone regions have revealed consistent ecological drivers, albeit with significantly discrepant rankings of feature importance. The habitat suitability indices of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus, as indicated by the Shapley values analysis, were identified as the most significant contributing factors for endemic occurrence and autochthonous transmission following importation, respectively. Population density, human footprint index, precipitation, thermal conditions, and the habitat suitability indices of other mosquito vectors also play crucial roles in the transmission within the two regions. Notably, temperate regions with established Ae. albopictus populations, including southern United States, most parts of Western Europe, East Asia, West Asia and Australia, emerged as high-risk hotspots for autochthonous transmission following importation.
Conclusions
This study assesses the potential risks of endemic occurrence and post-import autochthonous transmission of CHIKV, respectively. The frameworks provide insights for informing vaccine deployment strategies and mitigating globalization-driven arboviral threats.
{"title":"Mapping the global risk of chikungunya virus endemicity and autochthonous transmission following importation","authors":"Yu-Feng Yang , Yun-Bo Qiu , Qiang Xu , Rui-Cheng Gao , Tian Tang , Yao Tian , Yan-He Wang , Sheng-Hong Lin , Yun-Dong Shi , Long-Tao Chen , Yan Zhang , Jun Ma , Chen-Long Lv , Guo-Lin Wang , Hai-Feng Pan , Wei Liu , Li-Qun Fang","doi":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102892","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102892","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Chikungunya virus, emerging as an increasingly significant global health threat, poses significant uncertainty regarding the global risk of its endemicity and autochthonous transmission following importation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this study, we established a multi-source database spanning 70 years (1953–2023), synthesizing 4515 geolocated records of human, vector, and animal infections alongside clinical metadata. Three machine learning algorithms were utilized to analyze the ecological factors associated with CHIKV occurrences in regions characterized by endemic or autochthonous transmission following importation. Subsequently, the respective risk distributions of CHIKV occurrences were projected and used the SHAP method to rank feature importance and interpret model predictions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Machine learning frameworks that stratifying endemic zones and importation-transmission prone regions have revealed consistent ecological drivers, albeit with significantly discrepant rankings of feature importance. The habitat suitability indices of <em>Aedes aegypti</em> and <em>Aedes albopictus</em>, as indicated by the Shapley values analysis, were identified as the most significant contributing factors for endemic occurrence and autochthonous transmission following importation, respectively. Population density, human footprint index, precipitation, thermal conditions, and the habitat suitability indices of other mosquito vectors also play crucial roles in the transmission within the two regions. Notably, temperate regions with established <em>Ae. albopictus</em> populations, including southern United States, most parts of Western Europe, East Asia, West Asia and Australia, emerged as high-risk hotspots for autochthonous transmission following importation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study assesses the potential risks of endemic occurrence and post-import autochthonous transmission of CHIKV, respectively. The frameworks provide insights for informing vaccine deployment strategies and mitigating globalization-driven arboviral threats.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23312,"journal":{"name":"Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 102892"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144879035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-11DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102890
Sebastian Albermann , Anne Vischer , Xuan Lan Vu , Anja Horat , Felix Grimm , Beatrice Nickel , Bruno Gottstein , Cédric Hirzel , Alexander Oberli
Background
Previous studies have demonstrated that Strongyloides ELISAs frequently exhibit cross-reactivity with infections caused by other helminths. This may result in false-positive results, especially in low-endemic areas, potentially leading to unwarranted treatment. This study aimed to present a new Western blot for the detection of anti-Strongyloides antibodies such as to enhance the accuracy of distinguishing true-positive from false-positive ELISA results.
Methods
We developed and validated a Western blot to detect anti-S. stercoralis specific antibodies using reference sera from confirmed cases (n = 55), non-infected control patients (n = 20), and patients with other helminth infections (n = 50). Using this sample set, we evaluated the analytical performance of three serologic approaches: an in-house ELISA, the commercially available Bordier-ELISA, and a two-tiered testing procedure combining the in-house ELISA with a confirmatory Western blot. Using receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis, setting-specific cut-offs values were determined for both ELISA assays. Further, we conducted a retrospective cohort study using serum samples from solid organ transplant (SOT) candidates (n = 310) tested by ELISA during pre-transplant evaluations at Bern University Hospital (2018–2022).
Results
The Western blot specifically detected human IgG antibodies against S. stercoralis. A two-tier test algorithm (in-house ELISA, followed by confirmatory Western blot) showed a diagnostic sensitivity of 96.4 % (95 %CI:87.5 %–99.6 %) and a diagnostic specificity of 98.6 % (95 %CI:92.3 %–100 %). Out of 310 SOT candidates’ serum samples, 9.3 % (n = 29) exhibited positive, and 5.2 % (n = 16) equivocal ELISA results. Testing by Western blot revealed positive S. stercoralis findings for 11.1 % (n = 5) of these patients. Two of those were initially positive and 3 were equivocal by ELISA.
Conclusions
The new Western blot is a promising tool for clarifying equivocal S. stercoralis ELISA results, and therefore predisposed to reduce false positive Strongyloides ELISA results, especially in low-endemic regions.
{"title":"Serodiagnosis of strongyloidiasis in a low-endemic setting – a two-tiered test approach","authors":"Sebastian Albermann , Anne Vischer , Xuan Lan Vu , Anja Horat , Felix Grimm , Beatrice Nickel , Bruno Gottstein , Cédric Hirzel , Alexander Oberli","doi":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102890","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102890","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Previous studies have demonstrated that <em>Strongyloides</em> ELISAs frequently exhibit cross-reactivity with infections caused by other helminths. This may result in false-positive results, especially in low-endemic areas, potentially leading to unwarranted treatment. This study aimed to present a new Western blot for the detection of anti-<em>Strongyloides</em> antibodies such as to enhance the accuracy of distinguishing true-positive from false-positive ELISA results.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We developed and validated a Western blot to detect anti-<em>S. stercoralis</em> specific antibodies using reference sera from confirmed cases (n = 55), non-infected control patients (n = 20), and patients with other helminth infections (n = 50). Using this sample set, we evaluated the analytical performance of three serologic approaches: an in-house ELISA, the commercially available Bordier-ELISA, and a two-tiered testing procedure combining the in-house ELISA with a confirmatory Western blot. Using receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis, setting-specific cut-offs values were determined for both ELISA assays. Further, we conducted a retrospective cohort study using serum samples from solid organ transplant (SOT) candidates (n = 310) tested by ELISA during pre-transplant evaluations at Bern University Hospital (2018–2022).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The Western blot specifically detected human IgG antibodies against <em>S. stercoralis</em>. A two-tier test algorithm (in-house ELISA, followed by confirmatory Western blot) showed a diagnostic sensitivity of 96.4 % (95 %CI:87.5 %–99.6 %) and a diagnostic specificity of 98.6 % (95 %CI:92.3 %–100 %). Out of 310 SOT candidates’ serum samples, 9.3 % (n = 29) exhibited positive, and 5.2 % (n = 16) equivocal ELISA results. Testing by Western blot revealed positive <em>S. stercoralis</em> findings for 11.1 % (n = 5) of these patients. Two of those were initially positive and 3 were equivocal by ELISA.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The new Western blot is a promising tool for clarifying equivocal <em>S. stercoralis</em> ELISA results, and therefore predisposed to reduce false positive <em>Strongyloides</em> ELISA results, especially in low-endemic regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23312,"journal":{"name":"Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 102890"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144842875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-05DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102878
Gianluca Tavoletti , Gianluca Avallone , Andrea Sechi , Elisa Cinotti , Stefano Veraldi , Giuseppe Micali , Francesco Lacarrubba , Angelo Valerio Marzano , Gianluca Nazzaro
Scabies is a highly contagious parasitic dermatosis caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis, affecting over 200 million individuals globally and imposing a significant health burden. Traditionally linked to low socioeconomic status and overcrowding, its prevalence is rising globally, especially among urban and institutional settings. Beyond its cutaneous manifestations, secondary bacterial complications contribute to significant morbidity, particularly in endemic areas.
Advances in non-invasive imaging techniques including ultraviolet dermoscopy, reflectance confocal microscopy and line-field confocal optical coherence tomography, have improved diagnostic accuracy, while molecular assays show promise for enhanced sensitivity. Conventional diagnostics remain dependent on clinical evaluation and microscopic identification of mites, eggs, or scybala.
First-line treatment involves topical and systemic therapies, and topical permethrin, benzyl benzoate, and oral ivermectin are commonly recommended in international guidelines. Emerging drug resistance has prompted research toward optimizing drug regimens and novel therapies, including moxidectin and combination treatments. Outbreaks of scabies in institutional settings, as well as endemic disease in those with limited resources, demonstrate the importance of coordinated public health efforts in the form of early case detection, simultaneous treatment of contacts and other environmental control measures.
In this review, we present an updated and thorough description of scabies, covering the relevant epidemiology, clinical picture and the new diagnostic methods. In summary, by combining new updates and essential unanswered questions, this review describes the current dilemma and covers the latest data in the field.
{"title":"Scabies: An updated review from epidemiology to current controversies and future perspectives","authors":"Gianluca Tavoletti , Gianluca Avallone , Andrea Sechi , Elisa Cinotti , Stefano Veraldi , Giuseppe Micali , Francesco Lacarrubba , Angelo Valerio Marzano , Gianluca Nazzaro","doi":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102878","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102878","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Scabies is a highly contagious parasitic dermatosis caused by the mite <em>Sarcoptes scabiei</em> var. <em>hominis</em>, affecting over 200 million individuals globally and imposing a significant health burden. Traditionally linked to low socioeconomic status and overcrowding, its prevalence is rising globally, especially among urban and institutional settings. Beyond its cutaneous manifestations, secondary bacterial complications contribute to significant morbidity, particularly in endemic areas.</div><div>Advances in non-invasive imaging techniques including ultraviolet dermoscopy, reflectance confocal microscopy and line-field confocal optical coherence tomography, have improved diagnostic accuracy, while molecular assays show promise for enhanced sensitivity. Conventional diagnostics remain dependent on clinical evaluation and microscopic identification of mites, eggs, or scybala.</div><div>First-line treatment involves topical and systemic therapies, and topical permethrin, benzyl benzoate, and oral ivermectin are commonly recommended in international guidelines. Emerging drug resistance has prompted research toward optimizing drug regimens and novel therapies, including moxidectin and combination treatments. Outbreaks of scabies in institutional settings, as well as endemic disease in those with limited resources, demonstrate the importance of coordinated public health efforts in the form of early case detection, simultaneous treatment of contacts and other environmental control measures.</div><div>In this review, we present an updated and thorough description of scabies, covering the relevant epidemiology, clinical picture and the new diagnostic methods. In summary, by combining new updates and essential unanswered questions, this review describes the current dilemma and covers the latest data in the field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23312,"journal":{"name":"Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 102878"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144773187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-30DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102879
Shayan Din , Ramy Bishay , Usama Asad , Gerard T. Flaherty
Introduction
It is not known whether travellers consult travel blogs for malaria preventive advice. This study aimed to characterise information about travellers’ malaria across a sample of online travel blogs.
Methods
A search of online travel blogs was conducted using the Google search engine for reference to malaria. Blogs were analysed across 35 variables and usage statistics were recorded.
Results
Of 100 blogs retrieved, 92 contained malaria-related information. Ten different drugs were mentioned in this series, five of which were not appropriate for prevention of falciparum malaria. Pre-travel consultation was recommended by almost a third of blogs. Most blogs were supported by commercial sponsors, related to either the travel industry or travel health products.
Conclusion
Given the inconsistency of the malaria preventive advice provided, there is scope for the travel medicine community to produce reliable material suitable for the lay traveller to be shared with prominent bloggers.
{"title":"Content analysis of malaria-related health information published in online travel blogs","authors":"Shayan Din , Ramy Bishay , Usama Asad , Gerard T. Flaherty","doi":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102879","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102879","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>It is not known whether travellers consult travel blogs for malaria preventive advice. This study aimed to characterise information about travellers’ malaria across a sample of online travel blogs.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A search of online travel blogs was conducted using the Google search engine for reference to malaria. Blogs were analysed across 35 variables and usage statistics were recorded.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 100 blogs retrieved, 92 contained malaria-related information. Ten different drugs were mentioned in this series, five of which were not appropriate for prevention of falciparum malaria. Pre-travel consultation was recommended by almost a third of blogs. Most blogs were supported by commercial sponsors, related to either the travel industry or travel health products.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Given the inconsistency of the malaria preventive advice provided, there is scope for the travel medicine community to produce reliable material suitable for the lay traveller to be shared with prominent bloggers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23312,"journal":{"name":"Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 102879"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144765532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-28DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102882
Jinghao Nicholas Ngiam , Matthew Chung Yi Koh , Brenda Mae Alferez Salada , Dale Fisher , Sophia Archuleta , Jolene Ee Ling Oon
Background
Dengue fever places a substantial burden on healthcare systems in endemic areas. Traditional inpatient management places strain on hospital capacity during seasonal surges. This study evaluates an expanded nurse-led Dengue Outpatient Management (DOM) program at a tertiary centre in Singapore.
Methods
A prospective observational study was conducted from January 2023 to August 2024. DOM inclusion criteria were broadened to include older adults and patients with comorbidities, if clinically stable. Patients received physician evaluation, a nurse-led symptom-based assessment and vital signs monitoring.
Results
There were 167 patients managed in DOM in the study period. The model saved an average of 3.3 bed-days per patient, amounting to approximately 231 bed-days saved in 2023.
Conclusion
This expanded nurse-led outpatient dengue management model demonstrates safety, feasibility, and resource efficiency. With structured patient selection and monitoring protocols, DOM significantly reduces hospital bed occupancy while offering a scalable solution for dengue-endemic regions.
{"title":"Redefining outpatient dengue management 18 years on: lessons from a national tertiary centre","authors":"Jinghao Nicholas Ngiam , Matthew Chung Yi Koh , Brenda Mae Alferez Salada , Dale Fisher , Sophia Archuleta , Jolene Ee Ling Oon","doi":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102882","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102882","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Dengue fever places a substantial burden on healthcare systems in endemic areas. Traditional inpatient management places strain on hospital capacity during seasonal surges. This study evaluates an expanded nurse-led Dengue Outpatient Management (DOM) program at a tertiary centre in Singapore.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A prospective observational study was conducted from January 2023 to August 2024. DOM inclusion criteria were broadened to include older adults and patients with comorbidities, if clinically stable. Patients received physician evaluation, a nurse-led symptom-based assessment and vital signs monitoring.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There were 167 patients managed in DOM in the study period. The model saved an average of 3.3 bed-days per patient, amounting to approximately 231 bed-days saved in 2023.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This expanded nurse-led outpatient dengue management model demonstrates safety, feasibility, and resource efficiency. With structured patient selection and monitoring protocols, DOM significantly reduces hospital bed occupancy while offering a scalable solution for dengue-endemic regions<strong>.</strong></div></div>","PeriodicalId":23312,"journal":{"name":"Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 102882"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144754396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-28DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102885
Ralph Huits , Dora Buonfrate , Kevin O'Laughlin , Davidson H. Hamer , Michael Libman
Background
The global resurgence of measles is a threat to measles elimination campaigns. Measles importations by international travelers have been identified as a risk factor for outbreaks.
Methods
We reviewed measles cases among international travelers and migrants reported to the GeoSentinel network.
Results
From May 2019 through June 2025, GeoSentinel recorded 53 measles cases among travelers imported into 15 different countries. Travelers of all age groups were affected, and 74 % were 21 years or older. Thirty-three travelers (61 %) were hospitalized. Seventy-nine percent of cases reported no or unknown history of vaccination against measles.
Conclusions
Against a background of increasing numbers of measles cases and outbreaks globally, GeoSentinel observed a stable trend of measles importations by international travelers. Measles caused considerable morbidity among travelers. Immunization effectively prevents measles in more than 97 % of individuals. Pretravel consultations provide an important opportunity to promote vaccination coverage for all vaccine-preventable diseases, including measles.
{"title":"Measles importations by international travelers, GeoSentinel 2019–2025","authors":"Ralph Huits , Dora Buonfrate , Kevin O'Laughlin , Davidson H. Hamer , Michael Libman","doi":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102885","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102885","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The global resurgence of measles is a threat to measles elimination campaigns. Measles importations by international travelers have been identified as a risk factor for outbreaks.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We reviewed measles cases among international travelers and migrants reported to the GeoSentinel network.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>From May 2019 through June 2025, GeoSentinel recorded 53 measles cases among travelers imported into 15 different countries. Travelers of all age groups were affected, and 74 % were 21 years or older. Thirty-three travelers (61 %) were hospitalized. Seventy-nine percent of cases reported no or unknown history of vaccination against measles.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Against a background of increasing numbers of measles cases and outbreaks globally, GeoSentinel observed a stable trend of measles importations by international travelers. Measles caused considerable morbidity among travelers. Immunization effectively prevents measles in more than 97 % of individuals. Pretravel consultations provide an important opportunity to promote vaccination coverage for all vaccine-preventable diseases, including measles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23312,"journal":{"name":"Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 102885"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144754395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-26DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102884
Giancarlo Ceccarelli , Francesco Branda , Fabio Scarpa , Marta Giovanetti , Massimo Ciccozzi
{"title":"Assessing yellow fever and arboviral risks during the 2025 jubilee in Rome: A mass gathering and global mobility perspective","authors":"Giancarlo Ceccarelli , Francesco Branda , Fabio Scarpa , Marta Giovanetti , Massimo Ciccozzi","doi":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102884","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102884","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23312,"journal":{"name":"Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 102884"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144722903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-26DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102883
Paola Rodari, Maria Luca D'Errico, Andrea Angheben, Leonardo Motta, Veronica Andrea Fittipaldo, Dora Buonfrate, Federico Giovanni Gobbi
Background
Fascioliasis is one of the most neglected foodborne zoonotic infectious disease, caused by the trematodes Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica. In last decades, it emerged as a public health problem worldwide, due to the substantial number of human infections. Fascioliasis has also been described in travellers and migrants, with relevance in Travel Medicine.
Methods
We reported four cases of imported human fascioliasis diagnosed in our Department between 2011 and 2023. Literature search was performed on MEDLINE and Embase. We included case reports and case series on patients diagnosed with imported fascioliasis in non-endemic countries to summarize diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
Results
We retrieved 46 cases of imported fascioliasis, mostly acquired after stay in countries of South East Asia (41.3 %) and Africa (34.8 %). Forty patients (86.9 %) presented with symptoms, particularly low-grade fever and abdominal pain. Eosinophilia was found in 94.4 %. When performed, serology was positive in almost all patients (36/37, 97.3 %), while parasitological stool examination was positive only in a few cases (5/32, 15.6 %). In 12 cases, adult worm was removed by endoscopic technique, while in six cases fascioliasis was diagnosed after liver biopsy or resection. Triclabendazole was administered 33 cases, with excellent outcome.
Discussion
Diagnosis of fascioliasis is complex in non-endemic settings, and a high index of suspicion is crucial. The presence of eosinophilia, fever and hepatic lesions in travellers or migrants should rise suspicion, and serological tests may confirm the diagnosis. Triclabendazole remains the drug of choice, despite unavailability in many countries.
{"title":"Imported fascioliasis in non-endemic countries: a case series and review of the literature","authors":"Paola Rodari, Maria Luca D'Errico, Andrea Angheben, Leonardo Motta, Veronica Andrea Fittipaldo, Dora Buonfrate, Federico Giovanni Gobbi","doi":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102883","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102883","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Fascioliasis is one of the most neglected foodborne zoonotic infectious disease, caused by the trematodes <em>Fasciola hepatica</em> and <em>Fasciola gigantica</em>. In last decades, it emerged as a public health problem worldwide, due to the substantial number of human infections. Fascioliasis has also been described in travellers and migrants, with relevance in Travel Medicine.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We reported four cases of imported human fascioliasis diagnosed in our Department between 2011 and 2023. Literature search was performed on MEDLINE and Embase. We included case reports and case series on patients diagnosed with imported fascioliasis in non-endemic countries to summarize diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We retrieved 46 cases of imported fascioliasis, mostly acquired after stay in countries of South East Asia (41.3 %) and Africa (34.8 %). Forty patients (86.9 %) presented with symptoms, particularly low-grade fever and abdominal pain. Eosinophilia was found in 94.4 %. When performed, serology was positive in almost all patients (36/37, 97.3 %), while parasitological stool examination was positive only in a few cases (5/32, 15.6 %). In 12 cases, adult worm was removed by endoscopic technique, while in six cases fascioliasis was diagnosed after liver biopsy or resection. Triclabendazole was administered 33 cases, with excellent outcome.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Diagnosis of fascioliasis is complex in non-endemic settings, and a high index of suspicion is crucial. The presence of eosinophilia, fever and hepatic lesions in travellers or migrants should rise suspicion, and serological tests may confirm the diagnosis. Triclabendazole remains the drug of choice, despite unavailability in many countries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23312,"journal":{"name":"Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 102883"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144733400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-24DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102881
José A. Pérez-Molina , Elena Moreno , Clara Crespillo-Andújar , Sandra Chamorro-Tojeiro , Marta Arsuaga , Leticia Olavarrieta , Oihane Martín , Begoña Monge-Maillo , Francesca Norman , Val F. Lanza , Sergio Serrano-Villar
Chagas disease (CD) can alter gut microbiota composition, although its functional impact is poorly defined. We conducted whole-genome metagenomic sequencing of stool samples from 55 adults with chronic CD (23 treated with benznidazole) and 17 non-infected controls. Functional pathways were annotated with HUMAnN 3, and their differential abundance was assessed using ANCOM-BC2. Diversity metrics (Chao1/ACE indices and multidimensional scaling) and sPLS-DA modelling were used to explore community structure. No significant group differences were observed for alpha- and beta-diversity of bacterial functions; only 6–7 % of variance was attributable to infection status or prior benznidazole therapy. Nevertheless, chronic CD produced a distinctive functional signature marked by depletion of energy-yielding pathways (reductive and canonical tricarboxylic-acid cycles, fatty-acid β-oxidation, haem and 2-methylcitrate metabolism) and modest enrichment of purine and pyrimidine biosynthetic routes. These shifts may imply a microbiome adapting to hypoxia, nutrient scarcity, and metabolic competition with Trypanosoma cruzi. Compared with untreated patients and controls, benznidazole-treated individuals exhibited partial metabolic restoration, namely, up-regulated nucleotide and carbohydrate-degradation pathways, enhanced (5Z)-dodecenoate synthesis, and reduced reliance on the reductive tricarboxylic acid cycle, suggesting renewed microbial growth and improved short-chain-fatty-acid potential. Collectively, our results seem to portray a resource-limited, metabolically stressed gut ecosystem in chronic CD whose functional imbalance is partially reversible with antiparasitic therapy. The affected pathways, particularly those governing energy and nucleotide metabolism, could be used as candidate surrogate markers for disease monitoring and therapeutic response and as targets for microbiota-directed adjuvant strategies.
{"title":"Chagas disease induces gut microbial metabolic stress: Disruption of energy and nucleotide pathways and partial reversal by antiparasitic therapy (TRIPOBIOME-2 study)","authors":"José A. Pérez-Molina , Elena Moreno , Clara Crespillo-Andújar , Sandra Chamorro-Tojeiro , Marta Arsuaga , Leticia Olavarrieta , Oihane Martín , Begoña Monge-Maillo , Francesca Norman , Val F. Lanza , Sergio Serrano-Villar","doi":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102881","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102881","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chagas disease (CD) can alter gut microbiota composition, although its functional impact is poorly defined. We conducted whole-genome metagenomic sequencing of stool samples from 55 adults with chronic CD (23 treated with benznidazole) and 17 non-infected controls. Functional pathways were annotated with HUMAnN 3, and their differential abundance was assessed using ANCOM-BC2. Diversity metrics (Chao1/ACE indices and multidimensional scaling) and sPLS-DA modelling were used to explore community structure. No significant group differences were observed for alpha- and beta-diversity of bacterial functions; only 6–7 % of variance was attributable to infection status or prior benznidazole therapy. Nevertheless, chronic CD produced a distinctive functional signature marked by depletion of energy-yielding pathways (reductive and canonical tricarboxylic-acid cycles, fatty-acid β-oxidation, haem and 2-methylcitrate metabolism) and modest enrichment of purine and pyrimidine biosynthetic routes. These shifts may imply a microbiome adapting to hypoxia, nutrient scarcity, and metabolic competition with <em>Trypanosoma cruzi</em>. Compared with untreated patients and controls, benznidazole-treated individuals exhibited partial metabolic restoration, namely, up-regulated nucleotide and carbohydrate-degradation pathways, enhanced (5Z)-dodecenoate synthesis, and reduced reliance on the reductive tricarboxylic acid cycle, suggesting renewed microbial growth and improved short-chain-fatty-acid potential. Collectively, our results seem to portray a resource-limited, metabolically stressed gut ecosystem in chronic CD whose functional imbalance is partially reversible with antiparasitic therapy. The affected pathways, particularly those governing energy and nucleotide metabolism, could be used as candidate surrogate markers for disease monitoring and therapeutic response and as targets for microbiota-directed adjuvant strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23312,"journal":{"name":"Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 102881"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144711883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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