Pub Date : 2020-11-08DOI: 10.1080/17515831.2020.1838099
J. Ling, W. Liew, N. J. Siambun, J. Dayou, Y. Lim, Zhong‐Tao Jiang
ABSTRACT The tribological behaviour of carburized steel with different microstructures, produced by varying the carburization time was investigated. Increasing the carburization time from 1 h to 3 h resulted in higher hardness and greater martensite content, which had a stronger tendency to form a better anti-wear oxide. In turn, these improved properties enhanced the adhesive wear resistance and delayed the occurrence of fracture. Longer carburization also resulted in the formation of expanded martensite and shallower grain boundaries with fewer precipitates, which further enhanced the fracture resistance of the steel. Larger scale fracture occurring on steel carburized for 1 h resulted in cracked WC grains, the formation of more undermined WC grains and cavities (due to the removal of WC grains) and severe grooving on the cemented carbide counterbody. In conclusion, this carburization process was effective in enhancing the wear resistance of mild steel which subsequently reduced the wear of the cemented carbide counterbody. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Sliding wear of electro-carburized mild steel with different microstructures","authors":"J. Ling, W. Liew, N. J. Siambun, J. Dayou, Y. Lim, Zhong‐Tao Jiang","doi":"10.1080/17515831.2020.1838099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17515831.2020.1838099","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The tribological behaviour of carburized steel with different microstructures, produced by varying the carburization time was investigated. Increasing the carburization time from 1 h to 3 h resulted in higher hardness and greater martensite content, which had a stronger tendency to form a better anti-wear oxide. In turn, these improved properties enhanced the adhesive wear resistance and delayed the occurrence of fracture. Longer carburization also resulted in the formation of expanded martensite and shallower grain boundaries with fewer precipitates, which further enhanced the fracture resistance of the steel. Larger scale fracture occurring on steel carburized for 1 h resulted in cracked WC grains, the formation of more undermined WC grains and cavities (due to the removal of WC grains) and severe grooving on the cemented carbide counterbody. In conclusion, this carburization process was effective in enhancing the wear resistance of mild steel which subsequently reduced the wear of the cemented carbide counterbody. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":23331,"journal":{"name":"Tribology - Materials, Surfaces & Interfaces","volume":"15 1","pages":"213 - 228"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17515831.2020.1838099","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46249328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-08DOI: 10.1080/17515831.2020.1840208
M. Rajabi, K. Tahmasebi, M. Ehteshamzadeh, S. Soroushian
ABSTRACT Nickel oxide nanoparticles with the size of 218, 73, and 50 nm were added to Ni-P electroless coating to create NiO@Ni-P nanoparticle reinforced composite coating on a brass substrate. The nanoparticles were synthesized by the green synthesis method, using Artemisia dracunculus extract. The coatings had amorphous structure and nodular morphology. The results of Tafel and EIS tests showed that the coating containing nickel oxide nanoparticles with an average size of 73 nm, had the highest corrosion resistance. The results of the tribocorrosion test under open circuit potential condition revealed Ni-P-(73 nm)NiO coating had the highest tribocorrosion resistance. Heat treatment at 400°C caused considerable improvement in the saturation and remnant magnetization of the composite coating, the value of saturation and remnant magnetization increased from 5 and 0.1 emu/g for simple Ni-P coating to 12 and 2 emu/g for NiO@Ni-P coating respectively, and the coercive field of the samples also enhanced. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Tribological and magnetic behaviour of Ni-P coating modified with NiO nanoparticles","authors":"M. Rajabi, K. Tahmasebi, M. Ehteshamzadeh, S. Soroushian","doi":"10.1080/17515831.2020.1840208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17515831.2020.1840208","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Nickel oxide nanoparticles with the size of 218, 73, and 50 nm were added to Ni-P electroless coating to create NiO@Ni-P nanoparticle reinforced composite coating on a brass substrate. The nanoparticles were synthesized by the green synthesis method, using Artemisia dracunculus extract. The coatings had amorphous structure and nodular morphology. The results of Tafel and EIS tests showed that the coating containing nickel oxide nanoparticles with an average size of 73 nm, had the highest corrosion resistance. The results of the tribocorrosion test under open circuit potential condition revealed Ni-P-(73 nm)NiO coating had the highest tribocorrosion resistance. Heat treatment at 400°C caused considerable improvement in the saturation and remnant magnetization of the composite coating, the value of saturation and remnant magnetization increased from 5 and 0.1 emu/g for simple Ni-P coating to 12 and 2 emu/g for NiO@Ni-P coating respectively, and the coercive field of the samples also enhanced. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":23331,"journal":{"name":"Tribology - Materials, Surfaces & Interfaces","volume":"15 1","pages":"243 - 251"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17515831.2020.1840208","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41731742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-04DOI: 10.1080/17515831.2020.1829878
D. Gutsulyak, L. Stanlake, H. Qi
ABSTRACT Twin disc instruments are an essential tool for evaluating third body materials in the wheel/rail interface. Twin disc testing results (from two different scale instruments) were proven to correlate exceptionally well with field performance of Top of Rail products and Gauge Face greases. Furthermore, the twin disc instrument was utilized to evaluate the friction characteristics (creep curve) and Rolling Contact Fatigue (RCF) propagation potential of the TOR materials. Common environmental contaminants (leaves, clay, iron oxides) were studied for their potential to cause low adhesion conditions in presence of water. A correlation between material hardness and resultant friction levels was determined. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
摘要双圆盘仪器是评估轮轨界面中第三体材料的重要工具。双圆盘测试结果（来自两个不同规模的仪器）被证明与Top of Rail产品和Gauge Face润滑脂的现场性能非常相关。此外，还利用双圆盘仪器评估了TOR材料的摩擦特性（蠕变曲线）和滚动接触疲劳（RCF）传播潜力。研究了常见的环境污染物（树叶、粘土、氧化铁）在存在水的情况下导致低粘附条件的可能性。确定了材料硬度和由此产生的摩擦水平之间的相关性。图形摘要
{"title":"Twin disc evaluation of third body materials in the wheel/rail interface","authors":"D. Gutsulyak, L. Stanlake, H. Qi","doi":"10.1080/17515831.2020.1829878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17515831.2020.1829878","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Twin disc instruments are an essential tool for evaluating third body materials in the wheel/rail interface. Twin disc testing results (from two different scale instruments) were proven to correlate exceptionally well with field performance of Top of Rail products and Gauge Face greases. Furthermore, the twin disc instrument was utilized to evaluate the friction characteristics (creep curve) and Rolling Contact Fatigue (RCF) propagation potential of the TOR materials. Common environmental contaminants (leaves, clay, iron oxides) were studied for their potential to cause low adhesion conditions in presence of water. A correlation between material hardness and resultant friction levels was determined. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":23331,"journal":{"name":"Tribology - Materials, Surfaces & Interfaces","volume":"15 1","pages":"115 - 126"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17515831.2020.1829878","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49568958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-03DOI: 10.1080/17515831.2020.1838097
C. R. Raghavendra, S. Basavarajappa, I. Sogalad
ABSTRACT Electrodeposition of Ni-α nano Al2O3 particle was carried out on Aluminium 6061. The study optimized electrodeposition conditions were found to be 40°C, 2 A/dm2, 6 g/L of temperature, current density, and percentage of particle concentration respectively. Further Taguchi method was extended to fine tune the optimized conditions obtained by L27 orthogonal array of parameters for modified study which resulted in better wear resistance with coating conditions of 40°C, 1.75 A/dm2 and 4.5 g/L of temperature, current density and percentage of particle concentration respectively. The dispersion of particles was found more uniform with very few nickel crystals with dendrite structure. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Study on dry sliding wear behaviour of nanocomposite coatings – an extended Taguchi’s method","authors":"C. R. Raghavendra, S. Basavarajappa, I. Sogalad","doi":"10.1080/17515831.2020.1838097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17515831.2020.1838097","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Electrodeposition of Ni-α nano Al2O3 particle was carried out on Aluminium 6061. The study optimized electrodeposition conditions were found to be 40°C, 2 A/dm2, 6 g/L of temperature, current density, and percentage of particle concentration respectively. Further Taguchi method was extended to fine tune the optimized conditions obtained by L27 orthogonal array of parameters for modified study which resulted in better wear resistance with coating conditions of 40°C, 1.75 A/dm2 and 4.5 g/L of temperature, current density and percentage of particle concentration respectively. The dispersion of particles was found more uniform with very few nickel crystals with dendrite structure. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":23331,"journal":{"name":"Tribology - Materials, Surfaces & Interfaces","volume":"15 1","pages":"201 - 212"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17515831.2020.1838097","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46107018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-03DOI: 10.1080/17515831.2020.1838098
Hui Cen, D. Bai, Yanpu Chao, Yaohui Li, Ruihua Li
ABSTRACT Electrical capacitance method has been applied in measuring the elasto-hydrodynamic lubrication film thickness in rolling element bearings since 1970s, due to its feasibility of measuring film thickness directly in metallic components and its simple theory. In the current article, a summary on the evolution of the method and the corresponding issues relating to the film thickness measurements is given. The evolution of electrical capacitance method and other developed electrical capacitance methods in measuring the film thickness are discussed. Especially, the two existing methods of converting measured capacitance into film thickness are highlighted. One is to calculate the capacitance in the Hertzian contact area and the dielectric constant of the lubricant. The other is to apply calibration tests which are then used to transfer the measured capacitances into film thicknesses. The strengths and weaknesses of the two methods are also explored and discussed based on published researches.
{"title":"EHL film thickness in rolling element bearings evaluated by electrical capacitance method: a review","authors":"Hui Cen, D. Bai, Yanpu Chao, Yaohui Li, Ruihua Li","doi":"10.1080/17515831.2020.1838098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17515831.2020.1838098","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Electrical capacitance method has been applied in measuring the elasto-hydrodynamic lubrication film thickness in rolling element bearings since 1970s, due to its feasibility of measuring film thickness directly in metallic components and its simple theory. In the current article, a summary on the evolution of the method and the corresponding issues relating to the film thickness measurements is given. The evolution of electrical capacitance method and other developed electrical capacitance methods in measuring the film thickness are discussed. Especially, the two existing methods of converting measured capacitance into film thickness are highlighted. One is to calculate the capacitance in the Hertzian contact area and the dielectric constant of the lubricant. The other is to apply calibration tests which are then used to transfer the measured capacitances into film thicknesses. The strengths and weaknesses of the two methods are also explored and discussed based on published researches.","PeriodicalId":23331,"journal":{"name":"Tribology - Materials, Surfaces & Interfaces","volume":"15 1","pages":"55 - 77"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17515831.2020.1838098","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43061679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-15DOI: 10.1080/17515831.2020.1829880
A. Myslinski, A. Chudzikiewicz
ABSTRACT This work is concerned with the numerical procedure to solve two-dimensional wheel-rail contact problem between a rigid wheel and an elastic-plastic rail lying on a rigid foundation. The contact phenomenon includes Coulomb friction, frictional heat generation as well as the wear of the contacting surfaces. The wear depth function appears as an internal variable in the non-penetration condition updating the gap between the worn surfaces of the bodies. Moreover the dissipated energy due to friction is calculated to evaluate the loss of material and to determine the shape of the contacting surfaces during the wear evolution process. This contact problem is solved numerically using the finite element method as well as the operator splitting approach and semi-smooth Newton method. The distribution of contact surface stresses and temperatures as well as the evolution of the shape of the contact surfaces and the wear depth are reported and discussed. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Wear modelling in wheel–rail contact problems based on energy dissipation","authors":"A. Myslinski, A. Chudzikiewicz","doi":"10.1080/17515831.2020.1829880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17515831.2020.1829880","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This work is concerned with the numerical procedure to solve two-dimensional wheel-rail contact problem between a rigid wheel and an elastic-plastic rail lying on a rigid foundation. The contact phenomenon includes Coulomb friction, frictional heat generation as well as the wear of the contacting surfaces. The wear depth function appears as an internal variable in the non-penetration condition updating the gap between the worn surfaces of the bodies. Moreover the dissipated energy due to friction is calculated to evaluate the loss of material and to determine the shape of the contacting surfaces during the wear evolution process. This contact problem is solved numerically using the finite element method as well as the operator splitting approach and semi-smooth Newton method. The distribution of contact surface stresses and temperatures as well as the evolution of the shape of the contact surfaces and the wear depth are reported and discussed. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":23331,"journal":{"name":"Tribology - Materials, Surfaces & Interfaces","volume":"15 1","pages":"138 - 149"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17515831.2020.1829880","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45490273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-15DOI: 10.1080/17515831.2020.1829881
A. Jain, Manoj Kumar, G. D. Thakre
ABSTRACT A novel tribological rig-based approach is presented for the selection of engine oils with reduced friction characteristics. A combined experimental and numerical investigation has been performed to compare and assess the friction between the piston ring and liner of two different passenger cars lubricated with two different commercial engine oils. The experimental investigations were performed on reciprocating tribo-tester using actual piston ring and liner as the test specimens. The experiments were performed to investigate the influence of contact load and reciprocating frequency on the contact friction. The numerical investigation has been performed with the help of a mathematical model developed using the modified Reynolds equation considering the flow factors for Gaussian surfaces along with Greenwood and Trip’s asperity contact approach. The numerical results have been used to justify and correlate the experimental findings. This paper presents an approach for selection of engine oil for two popular passenger cars in the Indian market.
{"title":"A novel tribological approach for selection of low friction engine lubricating oil","authors":"A. Jain, Manoj Kumar, G. D. Thakre","doi":"10.1080/17515831.2020.1829881","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17515831.2020.1829881","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A novel tribological rig-based approach is presented for the selection of engine oils with reduced friction characteristics. A combined experimental and numerical investigation has been performed to compare and assess the friction between the piston ring and liner of two different passenger cars lubricated with two different commercial engine oils. The experimental investigations were performed on reciprocating tribo-tester using actual piston ring and liner as the test specimens. The experiments were performed to investigate the influence of contact load and reciprocating frequency on the contact friction. The numerical investigation has been performed with the help of a mathematical model developed using the modified Reynolds equation considering the flow factors for Gaussian surfaces along with Greenwood and Trip’s asperity contact approach. The numerical results have been used to justify and correlate the experimental findings. This paper presents an approach for selection of engine oil for two popular passenger cars in the Indian market.","PeriodicalId":23331,"journal":{"name":"Tribology - Materials, Surfaces & Interfaces","volume":"15 1","pages":"169 - 180"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17515831.2020.1829881","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48379214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-14DOI: 10.1080/17515831.2020.1830252
P. Saravanan, Latifa Melk, N. Emami
ABSTRACT The unique biocompatible and wear resistant nature of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) makes it a suitable material for load bearing applications in total joint replacements (TJR). However, oxidation induced wear is a common cause limiting the life span of implants. Hence, Vitamin-E, a common antioxidant, is added to prevent the wear loss due to oxidation of UHMWPE. In addition, Hydroxyapatite does improve the toughening mechanisms occurring in the polymer matrices. Hence, in this study, a novel hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles reinforced Vitamin-E doped UHMWPE nanocomposites (UHMWPE-E/HA) were developed here in this work. The HA concentration was varied between 0.5 - 3 wt.% and optimum wt% is reported. The mechanical and thermal properties were investigated thoroughly using an array of characterizations. Particularly, a considerable improvement in fracture toughness (KIC) was obtained. Detailed examination of fractured surfaces was performed to understand the effect of HA reinforcement on fracture toughness of UHMWPE-E/HA nanocomposites. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Mechanical and thermal properties of vitamin E-doped UHMWPE reinforced with hydroxyapatite","authors":"P. Saravanan, Latifa Melk, N. Emami","doi":"10.1080/17515831.2020.1830252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17515831.2020.1830252","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The unique biocompatible and wear resistant nature of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) makes it a suitable material for load bearing applications in total joint replacements (TJR). However, oxidation induced wear is a common cause limiting the life span of implants. Hence, Vitamin-E, a common antioxidant, is added to prevent the wear loss due to oxidation of UHMWPE. In addition, Hydroxyapatite does improve the toughening mechanisms occurring in the polymer matrices. Hence, in this study, a novel hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles reinforced Vitamin-E doped UHMWPE nanocomposites (UHMWPE-E/HA) were developed here in this work. The HA concentration was varied between 0.5 - 3 wt.% and optimum wt% is reported. The mechanical and thermal properties were investigated thoroughly using an array of characterizations. Particularly, a considerable improvement in fracture toughness (KIC) was obtained. Detailed examination of fractured surfaces was performed to understand the effect of HA reinforcement on fracture toughness of UHMWPE-E/HA nanocomposites. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":23331,"journal":{"name":"Tribology - Materials, Surfaces & Interfaces","volume":"15 1","pages":"193 - 200"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17515831.2020.1830252","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43638270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-14DOI: 10.1080/17515831.2020.1830251
P. Olander, J. Heinrichs
ABSTRACT Titanium alloys are known to cause crater wear on cutting inserts. It is one of the life-limiting factors for the tool life and highly influenced by the cutting parameters. To increase productivity, there is a strong incentive to increase the production speed. At the same time, the tool life should be unchanged or even prolonged. The influence of cutting speed, feed and cutting length on wear was investigated in turning tests using cemented carbide inserts and titanium alloy Ti6Al4V as work material. The results showed a very strong influence from all parameters on crater wear, confirming previous findings reported in the literature. The resulting wear surfaces were studied in detail, revealing a crater filled with transferred titanium alloy. The tungsten carbide grains underneath were depleted of carbon, resulting in a nano-rough top surface rich in tungsten. In addition, the turning tests showed a threshold cutting speed, below which no crater wear occurred.
{"title":"On wear of WC–Co cutting inserts in turning of Ti6Al4V – a study of wear surfaces","authors":"P. Olander, J. Heinrichs","doi":"10.1080/17515831.2020.1830251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17515831.2020.1830251","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Titanium alloys are known to cause crater wear on cutting inserts. It is one of the life-limiting factors for the tool life and highly influenced by the cutting parameters. To increase productivity, there is a strong incentive to increase the production speed. At the same time, the tool life should be unchanged or even prolonged. The influence of cutting speed, feed and cutting length on wear was investigated in turning tests using cemented carbide inserts and titanium alloy Ti6Al4V as work material. The results showed a very strong influence from all parameters on crater wear, confirming previous findings reported in the literature. The resulting wear surfaces were studied in detail, revealing a crater filled with transferred titanium alloy. The tungsten carbide grains underneath were depleted of carbon, resulting in a nano-rough top surface rich in tungsten. In addition, the turning tests showed a threshold cutting speed, below which no crater wear occurred.","PeriodicalId":23331,"journal":{"name":"Tribology - Materials, Surfaces & Interfaces","volume":"15 1","pages":"181 - 192"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17515831.2020.1830251","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47409542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-12DOI: 10.1080/17515831.2020.1830532
M. C. Valigi, S. Logozzo, E. Butini, E. Meli, L. Marini, A. Rindi
ABSTRACT Wear evaluation of rolling components is crucial for tramway dynamics, maintenance and safety. 2D contact wear measurement techniques are the most commonly used to detect the health conditions of rails. In this paper, the novel use of a portable metrological 3D optical scanner is proposed and compared to the prior 2D methods. Laboratory results show that the application of 3D optical digitizers gives results consistent with the 2D results but gives also a more complete and global view of the wear phenomenon. Different inspection procedures are compared and discussed in order to propose the best method to perform 3D wear mapping. The results of on-line experimental campaigns on the real tramway line of Florence (Italy), performed with the current and the new proposed instruments and methods, are also presented and compared. From the results of this paper, new strategies for the maintenance service of tramways, and especially of the Florentine tramway, can be proposed.
{"title":"Experimental evaluation of tramway track wear by means of 3D metrological optical scanners","authors":"M. C. Valigi, S. Logozzo, E. Butini, E. Meli, L. Marini, A. Rindi","doi":"10.1080/17515831.2020.1830532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17515831.2020.1830532","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Wear evaluation of rolling components is crucial for tramway dynamics, maintenance and safety. 2D contact wear measurement techniques are the most commonly used to detect the health conditions of rails. In this paper, the novel use of a portable metrological 3D optical scanner is proposed and compared to the prior 2D methods. Laboratory results show that the application of 3D optical digitizers gives results consistent with the 2D results but gives also a more complete and global view of the wear phenomenon. Different inspection procedures are compared and discussed in order to propose the best method to perform 3D wear mapping. The results of on-line experimental campaigns on the real tramway line of Florence (Italy), performed with the current and the new proposed instruments and methods, are also presented and compared. From the results of this paper, new strategies for the maintenance service of tramways, and especially of the Florentine tramway, can be proposed.","PeriodicalId":23331,"journal":{"name":"Tribology - Materials, Surfaces & Interfaces","volume":"15 1","pages":"150 - 158"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17515831.2020.1830532","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46170511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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