I. Baljošević, A Bajec-Opancina, Subarevic, K. Stankovic, M. Novković, A. Agic, I. Filipovic
Introduction: Most children have about 4–6 respiratory infections each year. The term “herbal medicine” is used to identify medicinal herbs or some substances obtained from such herbs that help the body to fight different diseases, including infections, and for improving overall health. This research was aimed at assessing the quality of life of children in the acute phase of the respiratory infection, who got natural syrup for the control of cough. Patients and method: The prospective study was conducted at the institute for children. The study included 99 respondents who were given the unique natural syrup for children twice a day for 10 days. The research was done using a questionnaire filled by the parents of children with cough. Results: After the supplementation it is evident decrease in number of subjects with above various disturbances (cough disturbs night sleep and regular daily activities) and thus quality of life improvement. There is significant improvement of their respiratory secretion characteristics. 70% of subjects reported improvement of cough symptoms, 27% no change. Syrup taste children considered as tasty (63%). It was determined significant positive correlation between children’s and parents’/ family life quality during visit. Conclusion: It can be concluded that after the application of the syrup in conjunction with a therapeutic therapy, the overall quality of life is improved. *Correspondence to: Ivana Filipovic, University Children Hospital, Serbia, Tel: 38163512678, E-mail: drivanica@yahoo.com
{"title":"Effects of herbal medicine on acute cough and quality of life in children and their parents - A prospective real life study","authors":"I. Baljošević, A Bajec-Opancina, Subarevic, K. Stankovic, M. Novković, A. Agic, I. Filipovic","doi":"10.15761/TIM.1000173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/TIM.1000173","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Most children have about 4–6 respiratory infections each year. The term “herbal medicine” is used to identify medicinal herbs or some substances obtained from such herbs that help the body to fight different diseases, including infections, and for improving overall health. This research was aimed at assessing the quality of life of children in the acute phase of the respiratory infection, who got natural syrup for the control of cough. Patients and method: The prospective study was conducted at the institute for children. The study included 99 respondents who were given the unique natural syrup for children twice a day for 10 days. The research was done using a questionnaire filled by the parents of children with cough. Results: After the supplementation it is evident decrease in number of subjects with above various disturbances (cough disturbs night sleep and regular daily activities) and thus quality of life improvement. There is significant improvement of their respiratory secretion characteristics. 70% of subjects reported improvement of cough symptoms, 27% no change. Syrup taste children considered as tasty (63%). It was determined significant positive correlation between children’s and parents’/ family life quality during visit. Conclusion: It can be concluded that after the application of the syrup in conjunction with a therapeutic therapy, the overall quality of life is improved. *Correspondence to: Ivana Filipovic, University Children Hospital, Serbia, Tel: 38163512678, E-mail: drivanica@yahoo.com","PeriodicalId":23337,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81595371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The elderly aged 80 years and older represent a rapidly growing proportion of Hong Kong’s population. It was 3.1% in 2007 and has increased to 4.9% in 2017. It is expected to further raise to 10% in 2037. A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted for all neurosurgery admission of aged 80 years and above in Queen Elizabeth Hospital from 1st January 2007 to 31st December 2016. Data was retrieved from Clinical Management System from Hospital Authority. Patient demographics, principal diagnosis, operation performed, perioperative complications, length of stay and mortality were collected and analyzed. A total of 2611 geriatric admissions were included, which accounted for 11.9% of all neurosurgery admission in that period. The majority (51%) of the elderly were admitted for head trauma. There were 397 elderly patients (15.2%) underwent neurosurgical operations. About 1/8 of elderly patients succumbed during the index hospital stay. When we dichotomized this 10-year period, our elderly population increased from 3.5% to 4.5%, however our geriatric admission percentage doubled from 7.8% to 15%. There was increased rate of performing neurosurgical operations on the elderly, from 9.3% rose up to 17.5% (p=0.129). The operation mortality rate dropped from 11.8% to 10.3% (p=0.157) and their average length of stay reduced from 38.9 days to 25 days (p=0.368). There was increasing demand for elderly neurosurgical care in the setting of growing geriatric population in Hong Kong. They were mostly trauma related. Nearly one-fifth of them required neurosurgical interventions. In recent years, we could achieve lower operation mortality rate and shorter length of stay. *Correspondence to: Robert SK Chan, Department of Neurosurgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, E-mail: lwrobert@hotmail.com
{"title":"Geriatric neurosurgery: Analysis of a single tertiary centre in Hong Kong","authors":"R. Chan, C. H. Mak, T. Tse, F. Cheung, Hm Chiu","doi":"10.15761/TIM.1000195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/TIM.1000195","url":null,"abstract":"The elderly aged 80 years and older represent a rapidly growing proportion of Hong Kong’s population. It was 3.1% in 2007 and has increased to 4.9% in 2017. It is expected to further raise to 10% in 2037. A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted for all neurosurgery admission of aged 80 years and above in Queen Elizabeth Hospital from 1st January 2007 to 31st December 2016. Data was retrieved from Clinical Management System from Hospital Authority. Patient demographics, principal diagnosis, operation performed, perioperative complications, length of stay and mortality were collected and analyzed. A total of 2611 geriatric admissions were included, which accounted for 11.9% of all neurosurgery admission in that period. The majority (51%) of the elderly were admitted for head trauma. There were 397 elderly patients (15.2%) underwent neurosurgical operations. About 1/8 of elderly patients succumbed during the index hospital stay. When we dichotomized this 10-year period, our elderly population increased from 3.5% to 4.5%, however our geriatric admission percentage doubled from 7.8% to 15%. There was increased rate of performing neurosurgical operations on the elderly, from 9.3% rose up to 17.5% (p=0.129). The operation mortality rate dropped from 11.8% to 10.3% (p=0.157) and their average length of stay reduced from 38.9 days to 25 days (p=0.368). There was increasing demand for elderly neurosurgical care in the setting of growing geriatric population in Hong Kong. They were mostly trauma related. Nearly one-fifth of them required neurosurgical interventions. In recent years, we could achieve lower operation mortality rate and shorter length of stay. *Correspondence to: Robert SK Chan, Department of Neurosurgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, E-mail: lwrobert@hotmail.com","PeriodicalId":23337,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75687493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Kozyreva, L. Eliseeva, G. Khramova, Voronova Ip, A. Evtushenko
Ion channels, localized in cells with different specialization, may participate in the performance of various functions. In the experiments on rats, quantitative PCR has shown that spleen cells express the genes of thermosensitive TRP ion channels (TRPV1, TRPV2, TRPV3, TRPV4, TRPM8, and TRPA1). Experiments in vitro with the addition of an agonist of the TRPM8 ion channel menthol (10-5 M and 10-8 M) to the incubation medium indicate the presence of the TRPM8 on immune cells, and its stimulatory effect on the antigen binding, the number of rosette-forming cells doubles under the influence of menthol at concentration of 10-8 M. Stimulation of the TRPM8 ion channel localized in the skin nerve afferents by menthol (1% L-menthol) also has a stimulating effect on the antigen-binding function of spleen cells without interfering with the additional stimulation of this function when exposed to the TRPM8 agonist directly on spleen cells. The obtained results testify to the important role of the TRPM8 ion channel of different localization (in spleen cells and in the peripheral sensory neurons) in the regulation of the antigen binding function in the spleen. This indicates new moments of the neuro-immune interaction. *Correspondence to: Kozyreva TV, Institute of Physiology and Basic Medicine, Timakov str. 4, Novosibirsk, 630117, Russia, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Pirogov str. 2, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia, E-mail: Kozyreva@physiol.ru
离子通道定位于不同特化的细胞中，参与多种功能的发挥。在大鼠实验中，定量PCR显示脾细胞表达热敏TRP离子通道基因(TRPV1、TRPV2、TRPV3、TRPV4、TRPM8、TRPA1)。在体外实验中，在培养液中加入TRPM8离子通道激动剂薄荷醇(10-5 M和10-8 M)，表明TRPM8存在于免疫细胞上，并对抗原结合有刺激作用。薄荷醇(1% l -薄荷醇)刺激皮肤神经传入神经中的TRPM8离子通道也对脾细胞的抗原结合功能有刺激作用，但不干扰直接暴露于脾细胞上的TRPM8激动剂对该功能的额外刺激。上述结果证实了不同定位(脾细胞和外周感觉神经元)的TRPM8离子通道在调节脾脏抗原结合功能中的重要作用。这表明神经免疫相互作用的新时刻。*通信:科日列娃电视台，生理和基础医学研究所，新西伯利亚Timakov街4号，630117，俄罗斯;新西伯利亚国立大学，新西伯利亚Pirogov街2号，630090，俄罗斯，E-mail: Kozyreva@physiol.ru
{"title":"TRPM8 ion channel in neuro-immune regulation of antigen binding function of spleen cells","authors":"T. Kozyreva, L. Eliseeva, G. Khramova, Voronova Ip, A. Evtushenko","doi":"10.15761/TIM.1000191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/TIM.1000191","url":null,"abstract":"Ion channels, localized in cells with different specialization, may participate in the performance of various functions. In the experiments on rats, quantitative PCR has shown that spleen cells express the genes of thermosensitive TRP ion channels (TRPV1, TRPV2, TRPV3, TRPV4, TRPM8, and TRPA1). Experiments in vitro with the addition of an agonist of the TRPM8 ion channel menthol (10-5 M and 10-8 M) to the incubation medium indicate the presence of the TRPM8 on immune cells, and its stimulatory effect on the antigen binding, the number of rosette-forming cells doubles under the influence of menthol at concentration of 10-8 M. Stimulation of the TRPM8 ion channel localized in the skin nerve afferents by menthol (1% L-menthol) also has a stimulating effect on the antigen-binding function of spleen cells without interfering with the additional stimulation of this function when exposed to the TRPM8 agonist directly on spleen cells. The obtained results testify to the important role of the TRPM8 ion channel of different localization (in spleen cells and in the peripheral sensory neurons) in the regulation of the antigen binding function in the spleen. This indicates new moments of the neuro-immune interaction. *Correspondence to: Kozyreva TV, Institute of Physiology and Basic Medicine, Timakov str. 4, Novosibirsk, 630117, Russia, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Pirogov str. 2, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia, E-mail: Kozyreva@physiol.ru","PeriodicalId":23337,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84498664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wortmannin is an important regulator of Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI(3)K) signaling pathway. Changes in expression and activity of PI3-kinase and PDGF are major positive and negative regulators, respectively, of the PI3-kinase pathway, which regulates growth, survival, and proliferation. Here we have shown that cells dosed with platelet-derived-growth-factor (PDGF) and /or wortmannin, an inhibitor of PI3 kinase, proliferated at expected rates with respect to cells deprived of any additions. Cells with added platelet-derived-growth-factor (PDGF) multiplied substantially faster than naturally growing cells-some thirty percent. As anticipated, cells given only wortmannin divided over forty percent slower than cells without any dosage. Additionally, cells transfected with a luciferase reporter carrying a consensus sequences of the nuclear factor NF-κB binding site and treated with wortmannin inhibited the activation of luciferase in T98G cells. However, this inhibition was not affected by the treatment of PDFG. Our data indicate that Wortmannin and PDGF play different role in the control of expression of Phosphoinositide 3-kinase in glioma T98G cell line. *Correspondence to: Eduardo Parra, Laboratorio de Biomedicina Experimental, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Tarapacá. Campus Saucache, Edificio de la Escuela de Medicina, Avenida Senador Luis Alberto Rossi, Arica, Chile, E-mail: eparraarica@gmail.com
{"title":"Inhibition of cell proliferation by wortmannin in T98G cells involved induced inhibition of NF-kB transcriptional activity","authors":"E. Parra, Luís Gutierréz, P. Hecht","doi":"10.15761/tim.1000208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/tim.1000208","url":null,"abstract":"Wortmannin is an important regulator of Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI(3)K) signaling pathway. Changes in expression and activity of PI3-kinase and PDGF are major positive and negative regulators, respectively, of the PI3-kinase pathway, which regulates growth, survival, and proliferation. Here we have shown that cells dosed with platelet-derived-growth-factor (PDGF) and /or wortmannin, an inhibitor of PI3 kinase, proliferated at expected rates with respect to cells deprived of any additions. Cells with added platelet-derived-growth-factor (PDGF) multiplied substantially faster than naturally growing cells-some thirty percent. As anticipated, cells given only wortmannin divided over forty percent slower than cells without any dosage. Additionally, cells transfected with a luciferase reporter carrying a consensus sequences of the nuclear factor NF-κB binding site and treated with wortmannin inhibited the activation of luciferase in T98G cells. However, this inhibition was not affected by the treatment of PDFG. Our data indicate that Wortmannin and PDGF play different role in the control of expression of Phosphoinositide 3-kinase in glioma T98G cell line. *Correspondence to: Eduardo Parra, Laboratorio de Biomedicina Experimental, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Tarapacá. Campus Saucache, Edificio de la Escuela de Medicina, Avenida Senador Luis Alberto Rossi, Arica, Chile, E-mail: eparraarica@gmail.com","PeriodicalId":23337,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81860705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Expanding the journey of saving lives","authors":"C. Callender, P. Miles","doi":"10.15761/tim.1000181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/tim.1000181","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23337,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77207595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lung cancer is the leading cause of death and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is considered as the most common type of lung cancer. Several conventional therapies, such as surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy are used for the treatment of lung cancer. But, these therapies could have multiple undesirable side effects. Therefore, there is an urgent need for therapeutic agents to improve the clinical outcomes for cases with NSCLC. Recently, therapeutic antibodies have shown promise for NSCLC treatment. The aim of this review is to discuss FDA-approved antibodies such as durvalumab, pembrolizumab, necitumumab and nivolumab in the treatment of NSCLC as well as Onartuzumab, a monoclonal antibody against c-MET, that was discontinued due to its lack of clinical activity. Furthermore, the aim of this manuscript is to give a brief overview about NSCLC therapeutic mAbs. *Correspondence to: Fatemeh Naddafi, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Tel: 982188209627; Fax: 982188209627; E-mail: fatemeh.naddafi@yahoo.com, fatemeh.naddafi@sbmu.ac.ir
{"title":"Monoclonal antibodies in non-small-cell lung cancer: Light at the end of the tunnel","authors":"F. Naddafi","doi":"10.15761/TIM.1000190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/TIM.1000190","url":null,"abstract":"Lung cancer is the leading cause of death and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is considered as the most common type of lung cancer. Several conventional therapies, such as surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy are used for the treatment of lung cancer. But, these therapies could have multiple undesirable side effects. Therefore, there is an urgent need for therapeutic agents to improve the clinical outcomes for cases with NSCLC. Recently, therapeutic antibodies have shown promise for NSCLC treatment. The aim of this review is to discuss FDA-approved antibodies such as durvalumab, pembrolizumab, necitumumab and nivolumab in the treatment of NSCLC as well as Onartuzumab, a monoclonal antibody against c-MET, that was discontinued due to its lack of clinical activity. Furthermore, the aim of this manuscript is to give a brief overview about NSCLC therapeutic mAbs. *Correspondence to: Fatemeh Naddafi, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Tel: 982188209627; Fax: 982188209627; E-mail: fatemeh.naddafi@yahoo.com, fatemeh.naddafi@sbmu.ac.ir","PeriodicalId":23337,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79569130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background/aim: There is increasing interest in the healing potential of natural products, such as Propolis, considering the availability and low cost of these products. The present study was conducted to evaluate biochemical and histological effects of ethanol extract of Propolis (EEP) on intestinal tissue in rats. Materials and methods: Healthy Wistar rats were indiscriminately assigned into three groups (A-C) and five rats in each. The group A were orally given 0.2 mL of dimethyl sulfoxide daily as a control, while rats in Groups B and C were administered the same 0.2 mL dimethyl sulfoxide containing 300 and 600 mg/kg body weight ethanol extract of bee Propolis for 21 days respectively. Results: It has been concluded that ethanol extract of Propolis significantly increases globulin levels in group 300 mg/kg ( p <0.05). It also, significantly increases the height of the villi, the of the mucous membrane and muscles in the group 600 mg/kg ( p <0.05). Conclusion: It could be concluded from the present investigation that the Propolis has positive effect on animal hygiene by increasing the immunity and decreasing the stress via increase the globulin level in the blood, but the beneficial effect of Propolis seems to be dose dependent.
{"title":"Medicinal effects of Propolis diet on biochemicals and histological factors in rats","authors":"Mahdi Bayrami, M. Khakpoor, E. Safavi, A. Bayrami","doi":"10.15761/tim.1000213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/tim.1000213","url":null,"abstract":"Background/aim: There is increasing interest in the healing potential of natural products, such as Propolis, considering the availability and low cost of these products. The present study was conducted to evaluate biochemical and histological effects of ethanol extract of Propolis (EEP) on intestinal tissue in rats. Materials and methods: Healthy Wistar rats were indiscriminately assigned into three groups (A-C) and five rats in each. The group A were orally given 0.2 mL of dimethyl sulfoxide daily as a control, while rats in Groups B and C were administered the same 0.2 mL dimethyl sulfoxide containing 300 and 600 mg/kg body weight ethanol extract of bee Propolis for 21 days respectively. Results: It has been concluded that ethanol extract of Propolis significantly increases globulin levels in group 300 mg/kg ( p <0.05). It also, significantly increases the height of the villi, the of the mucous membrane and muscles in the group 600 mg/kg ( p <0.05). Conclusion: It could be concluded from the present investigation that the Propolis has positive effect on animal hygiene by increasing the immunity and decreasing the stress via increase the globulin level in the blood, but the beneficial effect of Propolis seems to be dose dependent.","PeriodicalId":23337,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73457747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Zongo, A. Ouattara, A. Yonli, P. A. Sorgho, S. Soubeiga, F. Djigma, Hassanata Millogo, J. Simporé
Background : Parasitic gastroenteritis is a public health problem in Burkina Faso. However, there is lack of epidemiological data for better management of the disease. This study aimed at identifying the intestinal parasites responsible for diarrhoea and assessing their prevalence among children aged 0 - 5 years in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Methods : This hospital-based cross-sectional study consisted of 317 children aged from 0 - 5 years, with gastrointestinal disorders, were recruited at Saint Camille Hospital of Ouagadougou (HOSCO) and Notre Dame de Fatima Reception Centre (CANDAF). Stool samples were collected and processed by direct microscopic examination for the presence of intestinal parasites. Results : An overall prevalence of 20.8% (66/317) of parasitosis was observed. Giardia intestinalis , Entamoeba histolytica/dispar , Entamoeba coli , Trichomonas intestinalis and Hymenolopis nana species were found with respective frequencies of 12.0% (38/317), 4.4% (14/317), 4.4% (14/317) and 3.5% (11/317). Children aged 25 to 60 months were the most affected by parasitosis with 57.6% (38/66) of cases. Approximately 19.0% (60/317) of the patients presented with diarrhoea. Children aged 12 to 24 months were the most affected and represented 65% (39/60) of diarrheal cases. The most etiologic agents of diarrhoea were Giardia intestinalis and Entamoeba histolytica/dispar found in 15% of cases. Conclusions : Parasites were weakly associated with childhood gastroenteritis which mainly affects children under 2 years.
{"title":"Gastrointestinal parasitic infections in children aged less than 5 years in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso","authors":"A. Zongo, A. Ouattara, A. Yonli, P. A. Sorgho, S. Soubeiga, F. Djigma, Hassanata Millogo, J. Simporé","doi":"10.15761/TIM.1000172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/TIM.1000172","url":null,"abstract":"Background : Parasitic gastroenteritis is a public health problem in Burkina Faso. However, there is lack of epidemiological data for better management of the disease. This study aimed at identifying the intestinal parasites responsible for diarrhoea and assessing their prevalence among children aged 0 - 5 years in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Methods : This hospital-based cross-sectional study consisted of 317 children aged from 0 - 5 years, with gastrointestinal disorders, were recruited at Saint Camille Hospital of Ouagadougou (HOSCO) and Notre Dame de Fatima Reception Centre (CANDAF). Stool samples were collected and processed by direct microscopic examination for the presence of intestinal parasites. Results : An overall prevalence of 20.8% (66/317) of parasitosis was observed. Giardia intestinalis , Entamoeba histolytica/dispar , Entamoeba coli , Trichomonas intestinalis and Hymenolopis nana species were found with respective frequencies of 12.0% (38/317), 4.4% (14/317), 4.4% (14/317) and 3.5% (11/317). Children aged 25 to 60 months were the most affected by parasitosis with 57.6% (38/66) of cases. Approximately 19.0% (60/317) of the patients presented with diarrhoea. Children aged 12 to 24 months were the most affected and represented 65% (39/60) of diarrheal cases. The most etiologic agents of diarrhoea were Giardia intestinalis and Entamoeba histolytica/dispar found in 15% of cases. Conclusions : Parasites were weakly associated with childhood gastroenteritis which mainly affects children under 2 years.","PeriodicalId":23337,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84939870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Telomerase is a known global therapeutic target in cancer cells. Human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) is a catalytic subunit of the telomerase enzyme. hTERT is usually silenced in almost all somatic cells but it is significantly expressed in ~90 % of human cancers. Many cancer suppressing genes produce factors that hinder hTERT activity. Here, in this review paper, an attempt has been made to emphasize the role of hTERT in different cancer types. Various recent therapeutic studies involving hTERT suppression have also been discussed. Serum hTERT mRNA levels have been found to reflect the tumour burden and the clinical status of the patient. Nano-formulations like nano-curcumin and nano-chrysin have also been shown to significantly decrease hTERT gene expression in SW480 cells. High frequency of hTERT-promoting mutations and increased expression of hTERT mRNA makes it a suitable target in different cancer types. *Correspondence to: Zorawar Singh, Assistant Professor, Department of Zoology, Khalsa College Amritsar, Punjab, India, Tel: +91-94172-30075; E-mail: zorawarsinghs@rediffmail.com
{"title":"Human telomerase reverse transcriptase as a major therapeutic target in different cancer types","authors":"Z. Singh, Priya Khangotra","doi":"10.15761/TIM.1000177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/TIM.1000177","url":null,"abstract":"Telomerase is a known global therapeutic target in cancer cells. Human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) is a catalytic subunit of the telomerase enzyme. hTERT is usually silenced in almost all somatic cells but it is significantly expressed in ~90 % of human cancers. Many cancer suppressing genes produce factors that hinder hTERT activity. Here, in this review paper, an attempt has been made to emphasize the role of hTERT in different cancer types. Various recent therapeutic studies involving hTERT suppression have also been discussed. Serum hTERT mRNA levels have been found to reflect the tumour burden and the clinical status of the patient. Nano-formulations like nano-curcumin and nano-chrysin have also been shown to significantly decrease hTERT gene expression in SW480 cells. High frequency of hTERT-promoting mutations and increased expression of hTERT mRNA makes it a suitable target in different cancer types. *Correspondence to: Zorawar Singh, Assistant Professor, Department of Zoology, Khalsa College Amritsar, Punjab, India, Tel: +91-94172-30075; E-mail: zorawarsinghs@rediffmail.com","PeriodicalId":23337,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86755956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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