Pub Date : 2022-12-27DOI: 10.5593/sgem2022v/4.2/s17.71
For many years, oil derivatives, natural coal, and natural gas were used and still are, as primary energy supply due to their calorific potential, and their great availability on the planet. However, the utilization of these feedstocks causes greenhouse effects and helped in global warming, creating a general concern about this issue, and leading to the creation of urgent measures to overcome these problems. Hence, guidelines and public policies were granted to guarantee the reduction of emissions and increase the portion of renewable sources in the energy system production, namely the use of biofuels produced from waste biomass such as straw, stover, husks, and shells. Thermochemical processes can convert biomass sources into energy and/or fuels with a high heating value through high-temperature treatments. It comprises combustion, pyrolysis and gasification, which can be employed together or separated, depending on the need. The product of gasification is Synthesis Gas, comprehended mainly by hydrogen gas and carbon monoxide, which can be used posteriorly to produce electric energy. In this process, many parameters as temperature, pressure, gasifying agent, biomass composition, gasifier configuration, etc, influence the final composition of the gas. A challenge to show the feasibility of Syngas production is trying to know the conversion yields and its composition to evaluate the efficiency of the process. Simulating Software helps in this task, bringing real processes closer to virtual ones. Through UniSim Design software, this work main objective is the creation and implementation of a hybrid model (Kinetic and Equilibrium approaches) able to predict the lignocellulosic biomass gasification products for Downdraft and Updraft gasifiers, using different sources such as olive and corn agricultural wastes, and grape bagasse residue from wine culture.
{"title":"MODELING AND SIMULATION OF BIOMASS PYROLYSIS AND GASIFICATION PROCESSES","authors":"","doi":"10.5593/sgem2022v/4.2/s17.71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022v/4.2/s17.71","url":null,"abstract":"For many years, oil derivatives, natural coal, and natural gas were used and still are, as primary energy supply due to their calorific potential, and their great availability on the planet. However, the utilization of these feedstocks causes greenhouse effects and helped in global warming, creating a general concern about this issue, and leading to the creation of urgent measures to overcome these problems. Hence, guidelines and public policies were granted to guarantee the reduction of emissions and increase the portion of renewable sources in the energy system production, namely the use of biofuels produced from waste biomass such as straw, stover, husks, and shells. Thermochemical processes can convert biomass sources into energy and/or fuels with a high heating value through high-temperature treatments. It comprises combustion, pyrolysis and gasification, which can be employed together or separated, depending on the need. The product of gasification is Synthesis Gas, comprehended mainly by hydrogen gas and carbon monoxide, which can be used posteriorly to produce electric energy. In this process, many parameters as temperature, pressure, gasifying agent, biomass composition, gasifier configuration, etc, influence the final composition of the gas. A challenge to show the feasibility of Syngas production is trying to know the conversion yields and its composition to evaluate the efficiency of the process. Simulating Software helps in this task, bringing real processes closer to virtual ones. Through UniSim Design software, this work main objective is the creation and implementation of a hybrid model (Kinetic and Equilibrium approaches) able to predict the lignocellulosic biomass gasification products for Downdraft and Updraft gasifiers, using different sources such as olive and corn agricultural wastes, and grape bagasse residue from wine culture.","PeriodicalId":234250,"journal":{"name":"22nd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference Proceedings 2022, Energy and Clean Technologies, VOL 22, ISSUE 4.2","volume":"232 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116285064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-27DOI: 10.5593/sgem2022v/4.2/s18.07
M. Calero, M. Martín-Lara, G. Blázquez, S. Arjandas, A. Pérez
Biomethane and other renewable gases will enable to thrive on a fully renewable energy system. Biomethane has similar qualities to natural gas, so it can be injected into existing natural gas infrastructure or used as a biofuel for transport. Also, its use means a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions and dependence on fossil fuels. This work is part of the LIFE LANDFILL BIOFUEL project that aims to implement a cost-effective system based on new techniques to improve the recovery of landfill biogas and the production of biomethane with quality for vehicular use. In a first stage a complete characterization of the biogas produced has been carried out. Biogas is produced at the municipal solid waste treatment plant Ecocentral, located in Alhendin, Granada (Spain). The composition of the biogas as well as its main physical and chemical parameters has been determined. Differences in the composition of the biogas with the sampling point were found. Biogas consists mainly of methane with a content varying between 50% and 63% and carbon dioxide with a content of approximately 40%. The rest of the components are mainly O2 with content below 2% and N2 content between values below 15% and values arround 7%. The total siloxane content has been less than 3.0 mg/Nm3. The knowledge of the composition of this biogas has been decisive for the development of the upgrading procedure for its conversion to biomethane.
{"title":"CHARACTERIZATION OF LANDFILL GAS COMPOSITION FOR THE PRODUCTION OF BIOMETHANE","authors":"M. Calero, M. Martín-Lara, G. Blázquez, S. Arjandas, A. Pérez","doi":"10.5593/sgem2022v/4.2/s18.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022v/4.2/s18.07","url":null,"abstract":"Biomethane and other renewable gases will enable to thrive on a fully renewable energy system. Biomethane has similar qualities to natural gas, so it can be injected into existing natural gas infrastructure or used as a biofuel for transport. Also, its use means a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions and dependence on fossil fuels. \u0000This work is part of the LIFE LANDFILL BIOFUEL project that aims to implement a cost-effective system based on new techniques to improve the recovery of landfill biogas and the production of biomethane with quality for vehicular use. In a first stage a complete characterization of the biogas produced has been carried out. \u0000Biogas is produced at the municipal solid waste treatment plant Ecocentral, located in Alhendin, Granada (Spain). The composition of the biogas as well as its main physical and chemical parameters has been determined. \u0000Differences in the composition of the biogas with the sampling point were found. Biogas consists mainly of methane with a content varying between 50% and 63% and carbon dioxide with a content of approximately 40%. The rest of the components are mainly O2 with content below 2% and N2 content between values below 15% and values arround 7%. The total siloxane content has been less than 3.0 mg/Nm3. \u0000The knowledge of the composition of this biogas has been decisive for the development of the upgrading procedure for its conversion to biomethane.","PeriodicalId":234250,"journal":{"name":"22nd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference Proceedings 2022, Energy and Clean Technologies, VOL 22, ISSUE 4.2","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124573223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-27DOI: 10.5593/sgem2022v/4.2/s17.68
P. Knap, P. Balazy
The growing number of wind farms is creating an increased demand for their trouble-free operation. Damage to their components can be catastrophic. A particular component that can be subject to damage during long-term operation and is difficult to diagnose is the mechanical gearbox located in the turbine. Traditional approaches to the subject of damage detection require, in the final stage, the involvement of an expert. Therefore, the article proposes a method based on the Deep Learning solution. A transfer learning method and a pre-trained Inception V3 network were used. A gearbox with in three states of healthy, worn out but still working and damaged was analyzed. Signal spectrograms were created from accelerometric measurements and then used as input for the neural network. Various approaches to creating spectrogram images were tested. The InceptionV3 network was taught on images generated in grayscale, and RGB and HSV. Channel reduction in the form of using grayscale improved the speed of the algorithm at the expense of precision. The use of HSV scale, on the other hand, made it more precise in detecting a worn out state.
{"title":"IMPROVED DEEP LEARNING APPROACH IN WIND TURBINE DAMAGE DETECTION","authors":"P. Knap, P. Balazy","doi":"10.5593/sgem2022v/4.2/s17.68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022v/4.2/s17.68","url":null,"abstract":"The growing number of wind farms is creating an increased demand for their trouble-free operation. Damage to their components can be catastrophic. A particular component that can be subject to damage during long-term operation and is difficult to diagnose is the mechanical gearbox located in the turbine. Traditional approaches to the subject of damage detection require, in the final stage, the involvement of an expert. Therefore, the article proposes a method based on the Deep Learning solution. A transfer learning method and a pre-trained Inception V3 network were used. A gearbox with in three states of healthy, worn out but still working and damaged was analyzed. Signal spectrograms were created from accelerometric measurements and then used as input for the neural network. Various approaches to creating spectrogram images were tested. The InceptionV3 network was taught on images generated in grayscale, and RGB and HSV. Channel reduction in the form of using grayscale improved the speed of the algorithm at the expense of precision. The use of HSV scale, on the other hand, made it more precise in detecting a worn out state.","PeriodicalId":234250,"journal":{"name":"22nd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference Proceedings 2022, Energy and Clean Technologies, VOL 22, ISSUE 4.2","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123616861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-27DOI: 10.5593/sgem2022v/4.2/s19.49
Hanna Kuczewska, Bartosz Bartoszewski, Martyna Ekiert-Radecka
Currently, the most common way of transporting medical products, such as blood, blood products, vaccines, and medicines, is air and land transport. Using helicopters and cars to transport the needed products is expensive and generate relatively high air and noise pollution compared to the drone delivery. This article considers the problem of air pollution occurring during standard aerial and car transport of medical products, with particular emphasis on solution used in African countries. The article presents the analysis of the demand for the use of alternative forms of transport based on the statistical data published by government sites. The article also presents a proposal of novel alternative transport of blood and medical supplies that meets the requirements of safe transport of medical products, according to the Polish and European law. The most optimal form of drone construction was chosen based on literature and already existing solutions. The article describes also the functionalities of a mobile application created to ensure an easy and safe delivery process.
{"title":"REDUCTION OF AIR POLLUTION AND SOLVING THE PROBLEM OF EFFECTIVE DELIVERY OF MEDICAL PRODUCTS WITH AUTONOMOUS DRONE DELIVERY","authors":"Hanna Kuczewska, Bartosz Bartoszewski, Martyna Ekiert-Radecka","doi":"10.5593/sgem2022v/4.2/s19.49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022v/4.2/s19.49","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, the most common way of transporting medical products, such as blood, blood products, vaccines, and medicines, is air and land transport. Using helicopters and cars to transport the needed products is expensive and generate relatively high air and noise pollution compared to the drone delivery. This article considers the problem of air pollution occurring during standard aerial and car transport of medical products, with particular emphasis on solution used in African countries. The article presents the analysis of the demand for the use of alternative forms of transport based on the statistical data published by government sites. The article also presents a proposal of novel alternative transport of blood and medical supplies that meets the requirements of safe transport of medical products, according to the Polish and European law. The most optimal form of drone construction was chosen based on literature and already existing solutions. The article describes also the functionalities of a mobile application created to ensure an easy and safe delivery process.","PeriodicalId":234250,"journal":{"name":"22nd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference Proceedings 2022, Energy and Clean Technologies, VOL 22, ISSUE 4.2","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127966948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-27DOI: 10.5593/sgem2022v/4.2/s18.18
L. Ābele, Martins Tidens
The European Union (EU) is hurrying towards a climate-neutral economy, which includes increasing the use of renewable resources, including wood for heating. This direction means that the use of wood is increasing every year in the EU and beyond. The by-product of this activity, biofuel ash, is correspondingly increasing, so its further use should be considered a long-term issue. Energy producers face the challenge of making the best use of ash and often landfill it, thus moving countries further away from the EU Directive target. EU Directive 1999/31/EC and the National Waste Management Plan 2021-2028 require the amount of municipal waste landfilled (% of municipal waste generated) in 2035 will not exceed 10%. Otherwise, EU countries may face significant penalties. The energy produced from renewable energy sources (RES) In 2019, the total consumption of renewable energy sources (RES) in Latvia was 75.5 petajoules (PJ), according to the Central Statistical Office (CSO). In the five years 2015-2019, RES consumption increased by 16.7%. The decrease in RES consumption in 2019 was driven by a decrease in hydropower (HPP) generation, due to lower rainfall than in 2018. The main types of RES in Latvia are fuel wood (firewood, wood residues, fuel wood chips, wood briquettes, and wood pellets) and hydropower. Since 2010, the use of wood fuels for heat supply in Latvia has been increasing rapidly. Increasing the consumption of domestic energy sources reduces energy dependence on imported energy sources from 63.9% in 2005 to 44.3% in 2018. Fuel wood accounts for 82% of RES energy consumption. The share of fuel wood in total RES consumption was 82% in 2019 (80.7% in 2018). Biogas (landfill gas, sewage sludge gas, other biogas) consumption in 2019 was 3.4 PJ, 7.3% less than in 2018 (3.6 PJ), with a decrease of 8.1% or 0.3 PJ over the five years. The study aims to help solve the problems of district heating companies by preventing waste generation and reducing the costs for companies in its disposal. In addition, it can reduce, albeit slightly, the tariffs of heating users for the heat supplied.
{"title":"USE OF WOOD ASH FROM CENTRALISED HEAT RECOVERY","authors":"L. Ābele, Martins Tidens","doi":"10.5593/sgem2022v/4.2/s18.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022v/4.2/s18.18","url":null,"abstract":"The European Union (EU) is hurrying towards a climate-neutral economy, which includes increasing the use of renewable resources, including wood for heating. This direction means that the use of wood is increasing every year in the EU and beyond. The by-product of this activity, biofuel ash, is correspondingly increasing, so its further use should be considered a long-term issue. \u0000Energy producers face the challenge of making the best use of ash and often landfill it, thus moving countries further away from the EU Directive target. EU Directive 1999/31/EC and the National Waste Management Plan 2021-2028 require the amount of municipal waste landfilled (% of municipal waste generated) in 2035 will not exceed 10%. Otherwise, EU countries may face significant penalties. \u0000The energy produced from renewable energy sources (RES) In 2019, the total consumption of renewable energy sources (RES) in Latvia was 75.5 petajoules (PJ), according to the Central Statistical Office (CSO). In the five years 2015-2019, RES consumption increased by 16.7%. The decrease in RES consumption in 2019 was driven by a decrease in hydropower (HPP) generation, due to lower rainfall than in 2018. The main types of RES in Latvia are fuel wood (firewood, wood residues, fuel wood chips, wood briquettes, and wood pellets) and hydropower. Since 2010, the use of wood fuels for heat supply in Latvia has been increasing rapidly. Increasing the consumption of domestic energy sources reduces energy dependence on imported energy sources from 63.9% in 2005 to 44.3% in 2018. Fuel wood accounts for 82% of RES energy consumption. The share of fuel wood in total RES consumption was 82% in 2019 (80.7% in 2018). Biogas (landfill gas, sewage sludge gas, other biogas) consumption in 2019 was 3.4 PJ, 7.3% less than in 2018 (3.6 PJ), with a decrease of 8.1% or 0.3 PJ over the five years. \u0000The study aims to help solve the problems of district heating companies by preventing waste generation and reducing the costs for companies in its disposal. In addition, it can reduce, albeit slightly, the tariffs of heating users for the heat supplied.","PeriodicalId":234250,"journal":{"name":"22nd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference Proceedings 2022, Energy and Clean Technologies, VOL 22, ISSUE 4.2","volume":"95 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130346286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-27DOI: 10.5593/sgem2022v/4.2/s19.47
S. Gavrilaș, E. Țigan, O. Brînzan
Climate modifications are more and more visible nowadays. Many specialists consider human activities one of the most probable sources of this situation. Other aspects to consider are the magnitude and period in which these will produce effects. It is important to create educational premises for the young generation to limit, if not eliminate, all the possible harmful actions on the environment. The aim of the study was established considering these aspects. It is useful to determine the youth's knowledge regarding climate change and global warming. The data was analyzed after applying a survey preponderantly among new-generation representatives. The current material has a transitional status. It has the main purpose of determining further actions. There were targeted levels of familiarization with the basic information concerning global change's source and the impact on daily human activity. There were also discussed aspects regarding the sources of information and what personal actions are willing to do to reduce their environmental impact. For the study implementation, were considered both young and mature respondents. The motivation derived from the desire to determine the possibilities for the new generation to be educated from early stages with an ecological view by the family members. Many respondents prefer the internet as a source of information. The organisms with a role in education and formation must consider that finding. This way ensures that all valuable sources are also presented in this media.
{"title":"PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS OF THE DEGREE OF AWARENESS OF THE CLIMATE CHANGE CAUSES AND THE IMPACT OF THE ONGOING ACTIONS","authors":"S. Gavrilaș, E. Țigan, O. Brînzan","doi":"10.5593/sgem2022v/4.2/s19.47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022v/4.2/s19.47","url":null,"abstract":"Climate modifications are more and more visible nowadays. Many specialists consider human activities one of the most probable sources of this situation. Other aspects to consider are the magnitude and period in which these will produce effects. It is important to create educational premises for the young generation to limit, if not eliminate, all the possible harmful actions on the environment. The aim of the study was established considering these aspects. It is useful to determine the youth's knowledge regarding climate change and global warming. The data was analyzed after applying a survey preponderantly among new-generation representatives. The current material has a transitional status. It has the main purpose of determining further actions. There were targeted levels of familiarization with the basic information concerning global change's source and the impact on daily human activity. There were also discussed aspects regarding the sources of information and what personal actions are willing to do to reduce their environmental impact. For the study implementation, were considered both young and mature respondents. The motivation derived from the desire to determine the possibilities for the new generation to be educated from early stages with an ecological view by the family members. Many respondents prefer the internet as a source of information. The organisms with a role in education and formation must consider that finding. This way ensures that all valuable sources are also presented in this media.","PeriodicalId":234250,"journal":{"name":"22nd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference Proceedings 2022, Energy and Clean Technologies, VOL 22, ISSUE 4.2","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129791233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-27DOI: 10.5593/sgem2022v/4.2/s17.67
Zhane Ann M. Tizon, M. Almendrala, R. C. Evidente
As the world adopts the technological era, the adverse effects of climate change have been experienced by the increasing population, which has led to a rise in energy demand. Heavy industries depend on dirty fossil fuels that release GHG emissions into the atmosphere. This paper aims to review the integration of a nuclear-renewable hybrid energy system (NRHES) to produce green hydrogen in decarbonizing hard-to-abate industries in the ASEAN region. In this study, the two main hydrogen production methods were identified, including thermochemical and electrolytic processes. The available renewable energy sources in ASEAN countries, such as solar, hydropower, biomass, geothermal, and wind, were also determined to evaluate the possible routes for coupling with nuclear power. Thus, considering the zero-emissions and baseload electricity from nuclear energy, integrating this with renewables in the region can accommodate their intermittent characteristics and supply the minimum electricity demand. This article suggests that as the region is rich in agriculture, nuclear-biomass is the most viable combination of energy sources to overcome different global issues. Furthermore, the prospects of hydrogen and its potential for industrial applications- mainly in transportation, manufacturing, chemical plants, and refineries-were presented in this analysis. This review determined the economic, technical, and societal impacts and policy frameworks of implementing NRHES for green hydrogen production to examine the possible challenges faced by Southeast Asia. Therefore, these challenges and gaps enable further exploration of the integration of NRHES to produce hydrogen as an alternative energy source.
{"title":"HYDROGEN PRODUCTION VIA NUCLEAR-RENEWABLE HYBRID ENERGY SYSTEM: A FEASIBILITY STUDY FOR DECARBONIZATION IN ASEAN REGION","authors":"Zhane Ann M. Tizon, M. Almendrala, R. C. Evidente","doi":"10.5593/sgem2022v/4.2/s17.67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022v/4.2/s17.67","url":null,"abstract":"As the world adopts the technological era, the adverse effects of climate change have been experienced by the increasing population, which has led to a rise in energy demand. Heavy industries depend on dirty fossil fuels that release GHG emissions into the atmosphere. This paper aims to review the integration of a nuclear-renewable hybrid energy system (NRHES) to produce green hydrogen in decarbonizing hard-to-abate industries in the ASEAN region. In this study, the two main hydrogen production methods were identified, including thermochemical and electrolytic processes. The available renewable energy sources in ASEAN countries, such as solar, hydropower, biomass, geothermal, and wind, were also determined to evaluate the possible routes for coupling with nuclear power. Thus, considering the zero-emissions and baseload electricity from nuclear energy, integrating this with renewables in the region can accommodate their intermittent characteristics and supply the minimum electricity demand. This article suggests that as the region is rich in agriculture, nuclear-biomass is the most viable combination of energy sources to overcome different global issues. \u0000Furthermore, the prospects of hydrogen and its potential for industrial applications- mainly in transportation, manufacturing, chemical plants, and refineries-were presented in this analysis. This review determined the economic, technical, and societal impacts and policy frameworks of implementing NRHES for green hydrogen production to examine the possible challenges faced by Southeast Asia. Therefore, these challenges and gaps enable further exploration of the integration of NRHES to produce hydrogen as an alternative energy source.","PeriodicalId":234250,"journal":{"name":"22nd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference Proceedings 2022, Energy and Clean Technologies, VOL 22, ISSUE 4.2","volume":"841 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128520715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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