Pub Date : 2016-02-01DOI: 10.13189/UJPA.2016.100105
A. Belyaev
Demonstrated here is the previously unaccounted for tendency in the dynamics of the process of gravitational contraction of the dust cloud in space. The article concludes that the mass tends to consolidate on the periphery of the contraction cloud. The reason for an accelerated expansion of the Universe is explained.
{"title":"Gravitational Contraction of a Dust Cloud in Space","authors":"A. Belyaev","doi":"10.13189/UJPA.2016.100105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/UJPA.2016.100105","url":null,"abstract":"Demonstrated here is the previously unaccounted for tendency in the dynamics of the process of gravitational contraction of the dust cloud in space. The article concludes that the mass tends to consolidate on the periphery of the contraction cloud. The reason for an accelerated expansion of the Universe is explained.","PeriodicalId":23443,"journal":{"name":"Universal Journal of Physics and Application","volume":"73 1","pages":"22-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73246676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.13189/UJPA.2016.100104
V. Plekhanov
The new era of nanoelectronics on the graphene basis needs the creation of the semiconducting graphene. Numerous attempts to elaborate the semiconducting graphene creation technology meet several difficulties: firstly it is quite expensive; secondly it is technically difficult to produce. In the present paper the based on principle new nuclear semiconducting graphene creation technology is described. The new method is based on the electronic excitations energy renormalization by the strong (nuclear) interaction. Suggested method provides an alternative way to experimentally tune the band - gap of graphene, which would be more efficient and more controllable than other methods that are used to open band - gap in graphene. This method not only opens the isotopical band - gap in graphene but also may throw light on the massless fermion renormalization in graphene.
{"title":"Isotopical Band - Gap Opening in Graphene","authors":"V. Plekhanov","doi":"10.13189/UJPA.2016.100104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/UJPA.2016.100104","url":null,"abstract":"The new era of nanoelectronics on the graphene basis needs the creation of the semiconducting graphene. Numerous attempts to elaborate the semiconducting graphene creation technology meet several difficulties: firstly it is quite expensive; secondly it is technically difficult to produce. In the present paper the based on principle new nuclear semiconducting graphene creation technology is described. The new method is based on the electronic excitations energy renormalization by the strong (nuclear) interaction. Suggested method provides an alternative way to experimentally tune the band - gap of graphene, which would be more efficient and more controllable than other methods that are used to open band - gap in graphene. This method not only opens the isotopical band - gap in graphene but also may throw light on the massless fermion renormalization in graphene.","PeriodicalId":23443,"journal":{"name":"Universal Journal of Physics and Application","volume":"52 1","pages":"16-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83967495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The anisotropic Ising model with competing interactions in the region of transition from a modulated phase into paramagnetic state is investigated by the Monte-Carlo methods. By means of histogram analysis and the finite-size scaling method, the modulated - paramagnetic phase transition is shown to be a second order phase transition. Critical parameters and temperatures of phase transitions in this region are calculated.
{"title":"The Critical Properties of Anisontropic Ising Model with Competing Interactions in the Region of Transition from Modulated Phase into Paramagnetic","authors":"Murtazaev Akai Kurbanovich, Ibaev Zhavrail Gadzhievich","doi":"10.13189/UJPA.2016.100201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/UJPA.2016.100201","url":null,"abstract":"The anisotropic Ising model with competing interactions in the region of transition from a modulated phase into paramagnetic state is investigated by the Monte-Carlo methods. By means of histogram analysis and the finite-size scaling method, the modulated - paramagnetic phase transition is shown to be a second order phase transition. Critical parameters and temperatures of phase transitions in this region are calculated.","PeriodicalId":23443,"journal":{"name":"Universal Journal of Physics and Application","volume":"85 1","pages":"31-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91517740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.13189/ujpa.2016.100603
V. Yadav
Plasma waves are observed in almost all the solar system objects such as planets, their satellites, comets, interplanetary medium (IPM) and Sun. In most of these solar system plasma environments, the typical plasma density has a range between 103 - 106 cm-3 and plasma temperature of about 0.1 eV which is capable of sustaining some plasma waves of the complete wave spectrum. In IPM, some natural plasma modes are observed whose origin is believed to be near the Sun. The plasma in solar core and in corona itself support and sustain a number of electrostatic (ES) and electromagnetic (EM) plasma waves. The solar plasma waves carry energy away from the Sun to far-off places as well as incite particle transport from the solar core to interplanetary space. These waves also provide information on energy distribution in solar plasma. This paper revisits the plasma waves coming from Sun towards Earth in the form of a brief review.
{"title":"Plasma Waves in the Sun","authors":"V. Yadav","doi":"10.13189/ujpa.2016.100603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/ujpa.2016.100603","url":null,"abstract":"Plasma waves are observed in almost all the solar system objects such as planets, their satellites, comets, interplanetary medium (IPM) and Sun. In most of these solar system plasma environments, the typical plasma density has a range between 103 - 106 cm-3 and plasma temperature of about 0.1 eV which is capable of sustaining some plasma waves of the complete wave spectrum. In IPM, some natural plasma modes are observed whose origin is believed to be near the Sun. The plasma in solar core and in corona itself support and sustain a number of electrostatic (ES) and electromagnetic (EM) plasma waves. The solar plasma waves carry energy away from the Sun to far-off places as well as incite particle transport from the solar core to interplanetary space. These waves also provide information on energy distribution in solar plasma. This paper revisits the plasma waves coming from Sun towards Earth in the form of a brief review.","PeriodicalId":23443,"journal":{"name":"Universal Journal of Physics and Application","volume":"32 1","pages":"193-197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88949598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.13189/UJPA.2016.100202
F. Boufelgha, Y. Chettate, S. Belhousse
The objective of this work is determining the substitutional carbon ([Cs]) and interstitial oxygen ([Oi]) concentrations in the edge of the multicrystalline silicon ingot (mc-Si) for photovoltaic applications obtained by the heat exchanger method (HEM). Some calculations of [Cs] and [Oi] was obtain by the Fourier Transform InfraRed spectroscopy (FTIR). The results obtained for [Cs] give an increase of bottom-up of the ingot: 130 ppm to 150 ppm. The results obtained for the [Oi] give constant concentrations throughout the edge of the ingot with an author of concentration 325 ppm.
{"title":"O i and C s Impurities Study on the Edge of Si-mc Ingot for Photovoltaic Applications","authors":"F. Boufelgha, Y. Chettate, S. Belhousse","doi":"10.13189/UJPA.2016.100202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/UJPA.2016.100202","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this work is determining the substitutional carbon ([Cs]) and interstitial oxygen ([Oi]) concentrations in the edge of the multicrystalline silicon ingot (mc-Si) for photovoltaic applications obtained by the heat exchanger method (HEM). Some calculations of [Cs] and [Oi] was obtain by the Fourier Transform InfraRed spectroscopy (FTIR). The results obtained for [Cs] give an increase of bottom-up of the ingot: 130 ppm to 150 ppm. The results obtained for the [Oi] give constant concentrations throughout the edge of the ingot with an author of concentration 325 ppm.","PeriodicalId":23443,"journal":{"name":"Universal Journal of Physics and Application","volume":"23 1","pages":"40-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89494381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-01DOI: 10.13189/UJPA.2015.090605
I. Geru, O. Bordian, I. Culeac, V. Verlan
We present experimental results on preparation and characterization of colloidal CdSe quantum dots (QDs) and polymer nanocomposite based on them. CdSe QDs were characterized by UV absorbance and visible photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy as well as 2D DOSY NMR. The average CdSe particles size estimated from the UV-Vis absorption spectra was found to be in good correlation with results obtained from NMR measurements. Nanocomposite thin films were prepared on the base of styrene with butylmethacrilate copolymer (SBMA) (1:1). CdSe QDs were successfully incorporated into the SBMA copolymer matrix and thin films of CdSe/SBMA nanocomposites were characterized by UV-Vis and PL spectroscopy.
{"title":"CdSe Quantum Dots and SBMA/CdSe Nanocomposites Characterization by Optical and 2D DOSY NMR Methods","authors":"I. Geru, O. Bordian, I. Culeac, V. Verlan","doi":"10.13189/UJPA.2015.090605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/UJPA.2015.090605","url":null,"abstract":"We present experimental results on preparation and characterization of colloidal CdSe quantum dots (QDs) and polymer nanocomposite based on them. CdSe QDs were characterized by UV absorbance and visible photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy as well as 2D DOSY NMR. The average CdSe particles size estimated from the UV-Vis absorption spectra was found to be in good correlation with results obtained from NMR measurements. Nanocomposite thin films were prepared on the base of styrene with butylmethacrilate copolymer (SBMA) (1:1). CdSe QDs were successfully incorporated into the SBMA copolymer matrix and thin films of CdSe/SBMA nanocomposites were characterized by UV-Vis and PL spectroscopy.","PeriodicalId":23443,"journal":{"name":"Universal Journal of Physics and Application","volume":"26 1","pages":"263-272"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85044067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-01DOI: 10.13189/UJPA.2015.090604
A. Leniz, K. Zuza, J. Guisasola
There are many studies on students' understanding of DC circuits in the steady state, but few studies have been made about students' ideas on transient states of movement of charges in a conductor. The traditional Electricity curriculum often involves situations of transient motion of charges such as the process of charging a body (conductor or dielectric), closing or opening the switch in a DC circuit or, circuits charging and discharging capacitors. In this research, we present two questions that have been used to investigate the representations of students about the movement of charges of transients in direct current, which focus on the transition between electrostatics and electrodynamics in first year university undergraduate study. The results obtained show that a significant percentage of students cannot correctly interpret simple transitory state current phenomena. Their explanations fall into two general categories. Firstly, one based on potential difference and secondly, one that excludes current flow in processes of transitory state. Some consequences for teaching are discussed.
{"title":"University Students Use of Explanatory Models for Explaining Electric Current in Transitory Situations","authors":"A. Leniz, K. Zuza, J. Guisasola","doi":"10.13189/UJPA.2015.090604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/UJPA.2015.090604","url":null,"abstract":"There are many studies on students' understanding of DC circuits in the steady state, but few studies have been made about students' ideas on transient states of movement of charges in a conductor. The traditional Electricity curriculum often involves situations of transient motion of charges such as the process of charging a body (conductor or dielectric), closing or opening the switch in a DC circuit or, circuits charging and discharging capacitors. In this research, we present two questions that have been used to investigate the representations of students about the movement of charges of transients in direct current, which focus on the transition between electrostatics and electrodynamics in first year university undergraduate study. The results obtained show that a significant percentage of students cannot correctly interpret simple transitory state current phenomena. Their explanations fall into two general categories. Firstly, one based on potential difference and secondly, one that excludes current flow in processes of transitory state. Some consequences for teaching are discussed.","PeriodicalId":23443,"journal":{"name":"Universal Journal of Physics and Application","volume":"34 1","pages":"258-262"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78785743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.13189/UJPA.2015.090303
V. K. Konyukhov
It is proposed the new model of interplay of water molecule with solid surface, where molecules get new physical properties the result of which one can see, for example, in the fall of vapor pressure of 1/3 compared to its original value. The water molecule loses two of three translation degrees of freedom, it loses also the full rotational spectrum but obtains mixed spin states instead of the pure original spin state which is provided by two protons inside the molecule. By taking into account the significant change in properties of molecules one can assert that the new spin isomers may exist under the certain environmental conditions. The predictions of the model are compared with experimental data within two adsorption models, one of which corresponds to the conventional case which suggests of keeping molecules on surface, and another case where molecules are found in gas. Two forms of the interpretation of experimental data give good results. The mathematical constructions of the Hopf map and of the geometric algebras are used during the creation of molecular models.
{"title":"New Spin Isomers of Water Molecule","authors":"V. K. Konyukhov","doi":"10.13189/UJPA.2015.090303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/UJPA.2015.090303","url":null,"abstract":"It is proposed the new model of interplay of water molecule with solid surface, where molecules get new physical properties the result of which one can see, for example, in the fall of vapor pressure of 1/3 compared to its original value. The water molecule loses two of three translation degrees of freedom, it loses also the full rotational spectrum but obtains mixed spin states instead of the pure original spin state which is provided by two protons inside the molecule. By taking into account the significant change in properties of molecules one can assert that the new spin isomers may exist under the certain environmental conditions. The predictions of the model are compared with experimental data within two adsorption models, one of which corresponds to the conventional case which suggests of keeping molecules on surface, and another case where molecules are found in gas. Two forms of the interpretation of experimental data give good results. The mathematical constructions of the Hopf map and of the geometric algebras are used during the creation of molecular models.","PeriodicalId":23443,"journal":{"name":"Universal Journal of Physics and Application","volume":"27 1","pages":"157-167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81335920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.13189/UJPA.2015.090403
J. Schaf
Dark energy, accelerating the expansion of the universe, is fourteen times larger than the ordinary mass-energy in the universe. So much energy can be found only in the scenario of the creation of the universe. Quantum condensation of the Higgs condensate (HC), after the Big-Bang, when the temperature fell through 10 15 Kelvin, liberates hundreds of GeV/boson. The Higgs potential energy well has the form: U(ρ) = −n(ϕ ϕ) + m(ϕ ϕ) 2 , where n > m, ϕ is a complex order parameter and ρ = ϕ ϕ is the condensate density. The depth of this potential well is generic and uniform throughout the universe. If ρ > n/m, the HC can lower its energy by freely expanding its volume, which is related with the accelereted expansion of the universe. Recent experimental observations, achieved with the help of the tightly synchronized clocks in orbit, show that the Higgs Quantum Space (HQS), ruling the inertial motion of matter and propagating light, is circulating round earth, round the sun and round the galactic center according to velocity fields, consistent with the local main astronomical motions, thereby appropriately creating the observed gravitational dynamics. In these Keplerian velocity fields, earth is very closely stationary with respect to the HQS, which explains the isotropy of light with respect to earth. It also explains the absence of the gravitational slowing of the GPS clocks, predicted by General Relativity, but not observed. This HQS-dynamics however cannot explain why the recession between the galaxies causes no light anisotropy. The isotropy of light proves that this recession too lets earth, the sun and the Milky-Way galaxy stationary with respect to the HQS. Obviously, this becomes possible only if the expansion of the universe is expansion of the HQS itself, showing that the expansion of the universe follows perfectly the expansion of the HQS itself.
{"title":"Dark Energy: Accelerating Expansion of the Universe and of the Higgs Quantum Space","authors":"J. Schaf","doi":"10.13189/UJPA.2015.090403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/UJPA.2015.090403","url":null,"abstract":"Dark energy, accelerating the expansion of the universe, is fourteen times larger than the ordinary mass-energy in the universe. So much energy can be found only in the scenario of the creation of the universe. Quantum condensation of the Higgs condensate (HC), after the Big-Bang, when the temperature fell through 10 15 Kelvin, liberates hundreds of GeV/boson. The Higgs potential energy well has the form: U(ρ) = −n(ϕ ϕ) + m(ϕ ϕ) 2 , where n > m, ϕ is a complex order parameter and ρ = ϕ ϕ is the condensate density. The depth of this potential well is generic and uniform throughout the universe. If ρ > n/m, the HC can lower its energy by freely expanding its volume, which is related with the accelereted expansion of the universe. Recent experimental observations, achieved with the help of the tightly synchronized clocks in orbit, show that the Higgs Quantum Space (HQS), ruling the inertial motion of matter and propagating light, is circulating round earth, round the sun and round the galactic center according to velocity fields, consistent with the local main astronomical motions, thereby appropriately creating the observed gravitational dynamics. In these Keplerian velocity fields, earth is very closely stationary with respect to the HQS, which explains the isotropy of light with respect to earth. It also explains the absence of the gravitational slowing of the GPS clocks, predicted by General Relativity, but not observed. This HQS-dynamics however cannot explain why the recession between the galaxies causes no light anisotropy. The isotropy of light proves that this recession too lets earth, the sun and the Milky-Way galaxy stationary with respect to the HQS. Obviously, this becomes possible only if the expansion of the universe is expansion of the HQS itself, showing that the expansion of the universe follows perfectly the expansion of the HQS itself.","PeriodicalId":23443,"journal":{"name":"Universal Journal of Physics and Application","volume":"6 1","pages":"182-187"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86545457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.13189/UJPA.2015.030103
G. Shchepanyuk
We present and prove L 2+e -estimates on exponential decay of correlations in equilibrium states of classical continuous systems of point particles interacting via an exponentially decaying pair potential of interaction, where e is arbitrary small and positive real number. The obtained estimates exhibit not only the explicit dependence on the distance between the areas of the equilibrium classical systems between which the correlations are estimated but also on the volume of these areas, which can be used in the future for the investigation of the corresponding non-equilibrium and dynamic systems.
{"title":"L 2+ε -Esimates on Exponential Decay of Correlations in Equilibrium States of Classical Continuous Systems of Point Particles","authors":"G. Shchepanyuk","doi":"10.13189/UJPA.2015.030103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/UJPA.2015.030103","url":null,"abstract":"We present and prove L 2+e -estimates on exponential decay of correlations in equilibrium states of classical continuous systems of point particles interacting via an exponentially decaying pair potential of interaction, where e is arbitrary small and positive real number. The obtained estimates exhibit not only the explicit dependence on the distance between the areas of the equilibrium classical systems between which the correlations are estimated but also on the volume of these areas, which can be used in the future for the investigation of the corresponding non-equilibrium and dynamic systems.","PeriodicalId":23443,"journal":{"name":"Universal Journal of Physics and Application","volume":"43 1","pages":"17-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75105129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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