Wafa S. M. Elbasher, Amin B. A. Mustafa, Ashraf A. Osaman
The modern communications is one of the most critical elements of modern cultures depicted in the 21th century. All of the recent civilizations depend on electronics and communication. Mobile wireless communication system is identified by ability to transfer information without using any current carrying conductor. The wireless fidelity WI-FI is the first step towards the adoption of IEEE802.11 standards which include the “IEEE 802ac” and “IEEE 802.11ad” sets. There standards permits wireless throughput rates in the gigabit levels. In this paper, a discussion of these standards will be detailed
{"title":"A Comparison Study of WLAN “IEEE802.11ac” and “IEEE802.11ad” Standards","authors":"Wafa S. M. Elbasher, Amin B. A. Mustafa, Ashraf A. Osaman","doi":"10.53332/kuej.v5i2.1038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53332/kuej.v5i2.1038","url":null,"abstract":"The modern communications is one of the most critical elements of modern cultures depicted in the 21th century. All of the recent civilizations depend on electronics and communication. Mobile wireless communication system is identified by ability to transfer information without using any current carrying conductor. The wireless fidelity WI-FI is the first step towards the adoption of IEEE802.11 standards which include the “IEEE 802ac” and “IEEE 802.11ad” sets. There standards permits wireless throughput rates in the gigabit levels. In this paper, a discussion of these standards will be detailed","PeriodicalId":23461,"journal":{"name":"University of Khartoum Engineering Journal","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81342871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Multiple injuries and fatalities occur during confined space entry work more than any other type of work performed in all developed countries. This research aimed at evaluating employee's awareness of confined spaces basic concepts and work hazards, and to generally assess the entry program used to access these confined spaces. The data were collected from a random sample of factories and industries in Khartoum north industrial area. A questionnaire was the instrument used to collect the data. The data were analyzed using standard Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The results demonstrated lack of employee's awareness regarding the concept of confined spaces and hazards of working. It also shows failure of (80%) of workplaces to conduct confined space training, ensure supervision and provide procedures reinforcing the need for a comprehensive confined space safety program. It also demonstrated little evidence of a safe system of work in many of the cases. Over (82%) of the confined spaces were permitted to be entered without pre-entry hazards identification. In addition no atmospheric gases monitoring before or during entry (0%) since over (80%) of spaces expected to contain atmospheric hazards depending on confined space location, construction, condition, and work to be performed. also no effective nor adequate emergency rescue procedures were hold. The results showed that the most important reasons for confined spaces accidents and fatalities were lack of employees' perception of hazards from working in confined spaces, and scarcity of designing appropriate preventive measures and entry written programs by companies. Accordingly, the study will help in putting the companies comply with their own procedures and practices, and to maintain the safety of the employees.
{"title":"Hazards Arising from Working in Confined Spaces Case Study: Khartoum North Industrial Area, Sudan","authors":"Sarah M. Abdalwhab, Kamal Eldin E. Yassin","doi":"10.53332/kuej.v5i1.1023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53332/kuej.v5i1.1023","url":null,"abstract":"Multiple injuries and fatalities occur during confined space entry work more than any other type of work performed in all developed countries. This research aimed at evaluating employee's awareness of confined spaces basic concepts and work hazards, and to generally assess the entry program used to access these confined spaces. The data were collected from a random sample of factories and industries in Khartoum north industrial area. A questionnaire was the instrument used to collect the data. The data were analyzed using standard Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The results demonstrated lack of employee's awareness regarding the concept of confined spaces and hazards of working. It also shows failure of (80%) of workplaces to conduct confined space training, ensure supervision and provide procedures reinforcing the need for a comprehensive confined space safety program. It also demonstrated little evidence of a safe system of work in many of the cases. Over (82%) of the confined spaces were permitted to be entered without pre-entry hazards identification. In addition no atmospheric gases monitoring before or during entry (0%) since over (80%) of spaces expected to contain atmospheric hazards depending on confined space location, construction, condition, and work to be performed. also no effective nor adequate emergency rescue procedures were hold. The results showed that the most important reasons for confined spaces accidents and fatalities were lack of employees' perception of hazards from working in confined spaces, and scarcity of designing appropriate preventive measures and entry written programs by companies. Accordingly, the study will help in putting the companies comply with their own procedures and practices, and to maintain the safety of the employees.","PeriodicalId":23461,"journal":{"name":"University of Khartoum Engineering Journal","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76266970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
currently worldwide installed capacity of the network connected wind generators grows rapidly; this rise of integration rate of wind energy could lead to circulation of transient stability and could potentially cause local or system wide blackout. This paper presents a recovery strategy that enables the system of HVDC transmission systems based on voltage source converter, which transmit electrical power from the wind turbines to the power network, to ride-through different positions of ac faults with smallest amount current and voltage stresses on the converter switching devices. Issue such as control strategies for a VSC-HVDC conduction system connecting offshore wind farms to the power network is discussed. The results show that the transient stability study of the system is widely different when the faults occur in neither wind side nor power network side. The DC link voltage behaves similarly to the AC voltage. However when the AC fault occurs in the wind side stations either for ac voltage or DC voltage the system behavior does not return to its normal operation after the fault is cleared. A reduced network model has been implemented in MATLAB/ SIMULINK to assess control performance during the fault.
{"title":"Transient Stability of Multi-Machine Wind Turbine Generators System Connected to the Power Network","authors":"Ayat Y. Elsharif, Elfadil Z. Yahia, Kamal R. Doud","doi":"10.53332/kuej.v5i2.1030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53332/kuej.v5i2.1030","url":null,"abstract":"currently worldwide installed capacity of the network connected wind generators grows rapidly; this rise of integration rate of wind energy could lead to circulation of transient stability and could potentially cause local or system wide blackout. This paper presents a recovery strategy that enables the system of HVDC transmission systems based on voltage source converter, which transmit electrical power from the wind turbines to the power network, to ride-through different positions of ac faults with smallest amount current and voltage stresses on the converter switching devices. Issue such as control strategies for a VSC-HVDC conduction system connecting offshore wind farms to the power network is discussed. The results show that the transient stability study of the system is widely different when the faults occur in neither wind side nor power network side. The DC link voltage behaves similarly to the AC voltage. However when the AC fault occurs in the wind side stations either for ac voltage or DC voltage the system behavior does not return to its normal operation after the fault is cleared. A reduced network model has been implemented in MATLAB/ SIMULINK to assess control performance during the fault.","PeriodicalId":23461,"journal":{"name":"University of Khartoum Engineering Journal","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78402837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents the results of experimental findings for beam deflection measurements under static loading using dial gauges and a reflector-less Total Station. The ultimate objective of this work is to compare the performance of the Total Station with respect to the Dial Gauge (DG). Cement bags were utilized for loading test.These loads are accumulated evenly in six steps. The total tested load was 4.2 tons. The tested beams were located in the Sport City-Khartoum State. This work reveals that the reflector-less Total Station-Leica 1202 (RLTS) produces a very strong correlation and an acceptable accuracy that stands within the limits of its minimum decimalfraction of the metric units. Several tests were carried out to confirm the linearity of the deflections against the loads. These tests are very important since they convey the information about the elastic behavior of the tested beams. In this regards, both measuring techniques produce correlation factors and R2 values for the loads vs. thedeflections of more than 0.98. The deflection accuracy of the Total Station, in terms of root-mean-square-error (RMSE), for the three beams were: 0.30 mm, 0.36 mm, and 0.39 mm, respectively. This finding indicates that the Total Station can provide sub-millimeter accuracy with respect to the dial gauge. The maximum deflection was found in beam number 3, which amounts to 7.9 mm from the Total Station and 7.85 mm from the dial gauge. Both measurement techniques produce recovery percentages that were greater than 88%. The overall findings of this experiment indicates that this reflector-less Total Station can be used for on-site measurement of deflection and for awide range of deflection/deformation measurement applications.
{"title":"Beam Deflection under Static Loading: Comparison Between Dial Gauge and Total Station Measurements","authors":"Gamal H. Seedahmed","doi":"10.53332/kuej.v5i2.1032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53332/kuej.v5i2.1032","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the results of experimental findings for beam deflection measurements under static loading using dial gauges and a reflector-less Total Station. The ultimate objective of this work is to compare the performance of the Total Station with respect to the Dial Gauge (DG). Cement bags were utilized for loading test.These loads are accumulated evenly in six steps. The total tested load was 4.2 tons. The tested beams were located in the Sport City-Khartoum State. This work reveals that the reflector-less Total Station-Leica 1202 (RLTS) produces a very strong correlation and an acceptable accuracy that stands within the limits of its minimum decimalfraction of the metric units. Several tests were carried out to confirm the linearity of the deflections against the loads. These tests are very important since they convey the information about the elastic behavior of the tested beams. In this regards, both measuring techniques produce correlation factors and R2 values for the loads vs. thedeflections of more than 0.98. The deflection accuracy of the Total Station, in terms of root-mean-square-error (RMSE), for the three beams were: 0.30 mm, 0.36 mm, and 0.39 mm, respectively. This finding indicates that the Total Station can provide sub-millimeter accuracy with respect to the dial gauge. The maximum deflection was found in beam number 3, which amounts to 7.9 mm from the Total Station and 7.85 mm from the dial gauge. Both measurement techniques produce recovery percentages that were greater than 88%. The overall findings of this experiment indicates that this reflector-less Total Station can be used for on-site measurement of deflection and for awide range of deflection/deformation measurement applications.","PeriodicalId":23461,"journal":{"name":"University of Khartoum Engineering Journal","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89096882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Many types of grids are developed to address the fast growing demand such as smart grid and Microgrid. The main objectives of this paper were to explore the implementation of Microgrid in a fish farm, to show the benefit of adding a renewable source; the photovoltaic system. The Micro-grid consisted of old Indian diesel pumps- which caused all types of pollution diesel spill engine oil spill, noise and utility supply. Photovoltaic system is added after a catastrophic accident by contamination a fish pond by mix of diesel and engine oil killing tens of thousands of fishes. The Photovoltaic system panel was connected directly to a DC centrifugal solar pump. The solar pump produced an average flow rate of 0.0073 m3/s (210.65 m3 per day). The data sheet showed that the selected pump should produce 200 m3 per day, and this means that the design performance and experiment results are in close agreement. Furthermore, this grid shows a good actual experience of using solar pump for fish ponds as replacement of the traditional diesel-based method.
{"title":"A Solar Powered Microgrid Fish Farm Experience","authors":"Adil Abdelwahab Sharawi, Atif Abdelwahab Sharawi","doi":"10.53332/kuej.v5i2.1039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53332/kuej.v5i2.1039","url":null,"abstract":"Many types of grids are developed to address the fast growing demand such as smart grid and Microgrid. The main objectives of this paper were to explore the implementation of Microgrid in a fish farm, to show the benefit of adding a renewable source; the photovoltaic system. The Micro-grid consisted of old Indian diesel pumps- which caused all types of pollution diesel spill engine oil spill, noise and utility supply. Photovoltaic system is added after a catastrophic accident by contamination a fish pond by mix of diesel and engine oil killing tens of thousands of fishes. The Photovoltaic system panel was connected directly to a DC centrifugal solar pump. The solar pump produced an average flow rate of 0.0073 m3/s (210.65 m3 per day). The data sheet showed that the selected pump should produce 200 m3 per day, and this means that the design performance and experiment results are in close agreement. Furthermore, this grid shows a good actual experience of using solar pump for fish ponds as replacement of the traditional diesel-based method.","PeriodicalId":23461,"journal":{"name":"University of Khartoum Engineering Journal","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75562442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
تستعرض هذه الورقة الآثار الصحية لنظم اتصالات الهاتف السَّيّار ومعايير السلامة والتدابير الضرورية لحماية الإنسان، وكيفية تحديد مواقع محطات الهاتف السَّيّار القاعدية وذلك للتوافق مع مطلوبات معايير السلامة. تلخص الورقة تجارب بعد الدول في مختلف أنحاء العالم، كما تعرض المعايير المستخدمة في تلك الدول. تلخص الورقة التأثيرات الصحية والبيولوجية للإشعاعات الكهرمغنطيسية و أشعاع نظم الاتصالات اللاسلكية على الإنسان. توصي الورقة على العمل على إيجاد معايير وطنية لتحديد حد السلامة الذي على أساسه تقام المحطات القاعدية للهاتف السَّيّار.
{"title":"تاثير محطات الهاتف السيار القاعدية علي صحه الإنسان و معاير السلامة","authors":"سامي محمد شريف","doi":"10.53332/kuej.v5i1.1027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53332/kuej.v5i1.1027","url":null,"abstract":"تستعرض هذه الورقة الآثار الصحية لنظم اتصالات الهاتف السَّيّار ومعايير السلامة والتدابير الضرورية لحماية الإنسان، وكيفية تحديد مواقع محطات الهاتف السَّيّار القاعدية وذلك للتوافق مع مطلوبات معايير السلامة. تلخص الورقة تجارب بعد الدول في مختلف أنحاء العالم، كما تعرض المعايير المستخدمة في تلك الدول. تلخص الورقة التأثيرات الصحية والبيولوجية للإشعاعات الكهرمغنطيسية و أشعاع نظم الاتصالات اللاسلكية على الإنسان. توصي الورقة على العمل على إيجاد معايير وطنية لتحديد حد السلامة الذي على أساسه تقام المحطات القاعدية للهاتف السَّيّار.","PeriodicalId":23461,"journal":{"name":"University of Khartoum Engineering Journal","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73046006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nazik Abdullahi M. Ahmed, Mustafa A. Mustafa, Ali M. Ali Seory
The aim of this study is to simulate a Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) Regenerator, of a local refinery, using the Fluent Ansys.13 program and subsequently to investigate the impact of the change in geometry on the unit’s performance. Three different geometrical models of FCC Regenerator were simulated. The Solid Works program was used to build up the computational domain and the commercial CFD code Ansys-Fluent 13 was used for meshing, models setup and solving. Three cases were examined: base case with a single air inlet, case one with five air inlets, and case two with five air inlets, however with the catalyst inlet axis raised by 100%. The results showed that the carbon solid mass content (used to represent the coke) decreases from 0.39 to 0.23 in the base case and to 0.12 in case one and to 0.19 in case two for the regenerated catalyst. Case one resulted in a decrease in carbon content by 100%, with a carbon monoxide emission of 10ppm (the base case at a value of 200ppm) which increased in case two to 100ppm. Furthermore the impact of air mass flow rate in case one (best case) was investigated starting with a mass flow rate of 29.5kg/s. The flow rate was further increased by 100% and 200% which resulted in a carbon mass content of 0.092 and 0.08 respectively.
{"title":"Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation of a Fluid Catalytic Cracking Regenerator","authors":"Nazik Abdullahi M. Ahmed, Mustafa A. Mustafa, Ali M. Ali Seory","doi":"10.53332/kuej.v5i1.1020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53332/kuej.v5i1.1020","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to simulate a Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) Regenerator, of a local refinery, using the Fluent Ansys.13 program and subsequently to investigate the impact of the change in geometry on the unit’s performance. Three different geometrical models of FCC Regenerator were simulated. The Solid Works program was used to build up the computational domain and the commercial CFD code Ansys-Fluent 13 was used for meshing, models setup and solving. Three cases were examined: base case with a single air inlet, case one with five air inlets, and case two with five air inlets, however with the catalyst inlet axis raised by 100%. The results showed that the carbon solid mass content (used to represent the coke) decreases from 0.39 to 0.23 in the base case and to 0.12 in case one and to 0.19 in case two for the regenerated catalyst. Case one resulted in a decrease in carbon content by 100%, with a carbon monoxide emission of 10ppm (the base case at a value of 200ppm) which increased in case two to 100ppm. Furthermore the impact of air mass flow rate in case one (best case) was investigated starting with a mass flow rate of 29.5kg/s. The flow rate was further increased by 100% and 200% which resulted in a carbon mass content of 0.092 and 0.08 respectively.","PeriodicalId":23461,"journal":{"name":"University of Khartoum Engineering Journal","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87311203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gasoline demand of the Sudanese transportation sector is increasing. To meet the demand many measures have been developed in the last few years. These included efficiency improvement and supplement with bioethanol. The latter is blended with gasoline in the range of 5-27%; the blend is also called E85 and E90. The aim of this research was to forecast bioethanol production from molasses of Sudanese Sugar Factories by assuming the design capacities of bioethanol factories in Sudan from 2016 to 2030. Data on current consumption and production of gasoline by refineries as well as the potential production were obtained from relevant sources such as Ministry of Petroleum. The data were analyzed using forecasting models. Mainly two models namely a trend model and an econometric model were used. For econometric model, data on population, gasoline prices and gross domestic product were collected as well, while the trend model is time series dependent only. The results revealed that beyond the year 2021 Sudan production of gasoline will not meet the demand. Bioethanol mixed with gasoline at 10% is a feasible option to supplement gasoline. The study also revealed that the production potential of bioethanol in sugar industry will meet the demand with a surplus in year 2021.
{"title":"Forecasting of Bioethanol Production in the Sudan","authors":"Shima E. Jumaa, Ali A.Rabah","doi":"10.53332/kuej.v7i1.991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53332/kuej.v7i1.991","url":null,"abstract":"Gasoline demand of the Sudanese transportation sector is increasing. To meet the demand many measures have been developed in the last few years. These included efficiency improvement and supplement with bioethanol. The latter is blended with gasoline in the range of 5-27%; the blend is also called E85 and E90. The aim of this research was to forecast bioethanol production from molasses of Sudanese Sugar Factories by assuming the design capacities of bioethanol factories in Sudan from 2016 to 2030. Data on current consumption and production of gasoline by refineries as well as the potential production were obtained from relevant sources such as Ministry of Petroleum. The data were analyzed using forecasting models. Mainly two models namely a trend model and an econometric model were used. For econometric model, data on population, gasoline prices and gross domestic product were collected as well, while the trend model is time series dependent only. The results revealed that beyond the year 2021 Sudan production of gasoline will not meet the demand. Bioethanol mixed with gasoline at 10% is a feasible option to supplement gasoline. The study also revealed that the production potential of bioethanol in sugar industry will meet the demand with a surplus in year 2021.","PeriodicalId":23461,"journal":{"name":"University of Khartoum Engineering Journal","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88414373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, the full AC incremental linear programming optimal power flow using POWERWORLD® Simulator and Microsoft® Excel is presented. A proposed formulation of including the VAR cost function to the objective function and an implementation of the proposed formulation in a 6-bus test system and the IEEE 30 bus system was made in order to decide whether this formulation favorably or unfavorably affects the optimization process. Research proved that this formulation can improve the total optimization process but not for all system types and sizes; the effect was favorable for the 30-bus system and unfavorable for the 6-bus system.
{"title":"Incremental Linear Programming Optimal Power Flow: Including the VAR Cost Function","authors":"Elfadil Z. Yahia, Momen A. Dahab","doi":"10.53332/kuej.v7i1.994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53332/kuej.v7i1.994","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the full AC incremental linear programming optimal power flow using POWERWORLD® Simulator and Microsoft® Excel is presented. A proposed formulation of including the VAR cost function to the objective function and an implementation of the proposed formulation in a 6-bus test system and the IEEE 30 bus system was made in order to decide whether this formulation favorably or unfavorably affects the optimization process. Research proved that this formulation can improve the total optimization process but not for all system types and sizes; the effect was favorable for the 30-bus system and unfavorable for the 6-bus system.","PeriodicalId":23461,"journal":{"name":"University of Khartoum Engineering Journal","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83780994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The rapid increase in population, fast urbanization and change, high demand for public transport in Khartoum State necessitates development of a proper transportation plan for the state, to enable predicting the impacts that various policies and programs will have on travel. Travel demand forecasting is an essential part of the transportation planning process and trip production is the first step in the concept of four steps travel demand model. In this paper a model for trip production in Khartoum State is proposed. The trip generation model is based on data collected by the Ministry of Infrastructures and Transportation and a consultant in the period 2008-2011. The exclusion of incomplete data and outliers and the consideration of the car ownership in the development of the model, has resulted in a more realistic estimate of the number of trips produced than those predicted by the currently adopted model of Khartoum State. The results of this study predict the number of daily trips in the year 2035 at 9.56 million person-trips, creating a demand of 6.69 million person-trip/days to be covered by public transport. This will necessitate huge investments in mass transit systems to accommodate the uprising demand.
{"title":"Trips Production in Khartoum State","authors":"T. O. Medani, A. M. S. Zeidan, A. El Niema","doi":"10.53332/kuej.v7i1.992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53332/kuej.v7i1.992","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid increase in population, fast urbanization and change, high demand for public transport in Khartoum State necessitates development of a proper transportation plan for the state, to enable predicting the impacts that various policies and programs will have on travel. Travel demand forecasting is an essential part of the transportation planning process and trip production is the first step in the concept of four steps travel demand model. In this paper a model for trip production in Khartoum State is proposed. The trip generation model is based on data collected by the Ministry of Infrastructures and Transportation and a consultant in the period 2008-2011. The exclusion of incomplete data and outliers and the consideration of the car ownership in the development of the model, has resulted in a more realistic estimate of the number of trips produced than those predicted by the currently adopted model of Khartoum State. The results of this study predict the number of daily trips in the year 2035 at 9.56 million person-trips, creating a demand of 6.69 million person-trip/days to be covered by public transport. This will necessitate huge investments in mass transit systems to accommodate the uprising demand.","PeriodicalId":23461,"journal":{"name":"University of Khartoum Engineering Journal","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79226565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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