Pub Date : 2017-04-27DOI: 10.17533/UDEA.VITAE.V24N1A04
Nidya Lara, J. Rincón, M. Guerrero
Background: The treatment of symptoms of prostatic hyperplasia is among the traditional uses of Achyrocline bogotensis (Kunth) [N.V. “Vira Vira”, Compositae] in Colombia. Pharmacological therapy for this disorder depends mainly on alpha-1 antiadrenergic agents, and the mechanism has not been studied previously using A. bogotensis. Objectives: To assess the alpha-1 antiadrenergic effect of the extract obtained from the aerial parts of A. bogotensis in isolated aortic rings from Wistar rats. Methods: The study compared the effects of the ethanol extract of A. bogotensis, prazosin (reference) and DMSO (control) in rings stimulated with phenylephrine (PE) or KCl. The capacity to reduce the PE pressor effect by the ethanol extract (pD2’ value) was determined. To quantify the A. bogotensis relaxant potency, increasing concentrations of the ethanol extract (0.1 µg/mL-0.1 mg/mL), were added cumulatively to isolated aortic rings pre-contracted with PE (0.1 µM) or KCl (80 mM). To explore the possible participation of nitric oxide (NO), L-NAME (100 µM) was administered to aortic rings exposed to cumulatively increasing concentrations of PE in isolated aortic rings in the presence of the extract (10 µg/mL). Aqueous, butanol and dichloromethane fractions (10 µg/mL) obtained from the ethanol extract were assayed. Phytochemical screening was also performed. Results: Prazosin and A. bogotensis extract notably reduced the contraction induced by PE whereas their inhibitory effect in rings contracted with KCl were lower. A. bogotensis ethanol extract showed a high capacity for reducing the PE pressor response (pD´2 : 5.51) as well as total efficacy for relaxing rings previously precontracted with PE. The relaxant efficacy and potency of A. bogotensis extract against rings previously contracted with KCl were notably lower. L-NAME partly reverted the inhibitory effect of A. bogotensis. Aqueous, butanol and dichloromethane fractions gave inhibitory responses lower than that obtained with the ethanol extract. Phytochemical screening of A. bogotensis extract revealed the significant presence of flavonoid and triterpene metabolites. Conclusions: These results suggest that A. bogotensis elicits a smooth muscle relaxant effect related to the alpha-1 antiadrenergic mechanism. This response is partially NO dependent and seems to be due to interactions among active metabolites likely to be of flavonoid and/or terpenoid nature.
{"title":"ALPHA ANTIADRENERGIC EFFECT OF Achyrocline bogotensis EXTRACT (“Vira Vira”) IN ISOLATED RAT AORTIC RING","authors":"Nidya Lara, J. Rincón, M. Guerrero","doi":"10.17533/UDEA.VITAE.V24N1A04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17533/UDEA.VITAE.V24N1A04","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The treatment of symptoms of prostatic hyperplasia is among the traditional uses of Achyrocline bogotensis (Kunth) [N.V. “Vira Vira”, Compositae] in Colombia. Pharmacological therapy for \u0000this disorder depends mainly on alpha-1 antiadrenergic agents, and the mechanism has not been studied previously using A. bogotensis. Objectives: To assess the alpha-1 antiadrenergic effect of the extract obtained from the aerial parts of A. bogotensis in isolated aortic rings from Wistar rats. Methods: The study compared the effects of the ethanol extract of A. bogotensis, prazosin (reference) and DMSO (control) in rings stimulated with phenylephrine (PE) or KCl. The capacity to reduce the PE pressor effect by the ethanol extract (pD2’ value) was determined. To quantify the A. bogotensis relaxant potency, increasing concentrations of the ethanol extract (0.1 µg/mL-0.1 mg/mL), were added cumulatively to isolated aortic rings pre-contracted with PE (0.1 µM) or KCl (80 mM). To explore the possible participation of nitric oxide (NO), L-NAME (100 µM) was administered to aortic rings exposed to cumulatively increasing concentrations of PE in isolated aortic rings in the presence of the extract (10 µg/mL). Aqueous, butanol and dichloromethane fractions (10 µg/mL) obtained from the ethanol extract were assayed. Phytochemical screening was also performed. Results: Prazosin and A. bogotensis extract notably reduced the contraction induced by PE whereas their inhibitory effect in rings contracted with KCl were lower. A. bogotensis ethanol extract showed a high capacity for reducing the PE pressor response (pD´2 \u0000: 5.51) as well as total efficacy for relaxing rings previously precontracted with PE. The relaxant efficacy and potency of A. bogotensis extract against rings previously contracted with KCl were notably lower. L-NAME partly reverted the inhibitory effect of A. bogotensis. Aqueous, butanol and dichloromethane fractions gave inhibitory responses lower than that obtained with the ethanol extract. Phytochemical screening of A. bogotensis extract revealed the significant presence of flavonoid and triterpene metabolites. Conclusions: These results suggest that A. bogotensis elicits a smooth muscle relaxant effect related to the alpha-1 antiadrenergic mechanism. This response is partially NO dependent and seems to be due to interactions among active metabolites likely to be of flavonoid and/or terpenoid nature.","PeriodicalId":23515,"journal":{"name":"Vitae-revista De La Facultad De Quimica Farmaceutica","volume":"80 1","pages":"30-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84938195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-04-27DOI: 10.17533/UDEA.VITAE.V24N1A07
Misael Cortés, G. Hernández, Eliana M. Estrada
Background: currently, functional foods are the type of foods of most interest to the modern consumer, due to the health benefits they provide. Objectives: Optimize the spray drying process to obtain cape gooseberry powder added with active compounds. Methods: A process of spray drying was carried out to obtain a powder from cape gooseberry suspensions added with vitamin C, iron, folic acid, isolated soy protein and dietary fiber. The drying process was optimized according to the characteristics of food formulations and operating conditions, obtaining a product with low hygroscopicity, high solubility and high levels of physiologically active compounds. Response surface methodology was used, considering a central composite design with four factors: maltodextrin (0-40%p/p), inlet air temperature (170-210°C), atomizer disc speed (16000-24000 rpm) and outlet air temperature (75-95°C). Results: The results showed a higher retention of vitamin C (69.7±0.7%), folic acid (90.9±1.8%) and iron (90.8±1.0%) with the food formulation containing a 24.4% of maltodextrin and the drying process defined by an atomizer disc speed of 19848 rpm and inlet and outlet air temperature of 194.2°C and 87.7°C, respectively. Conclusions: The spray drying process is an effective technology that provides added value to the fruit of cape gooseberry, allowing the incorporation and conservation of active compounds such as iron, folic acid and ascorbic acid.
{"title":"OPTIMIZATION OF THE SPRAY DRYING PROCESS FOR OBTAINING CAPE GOOSEBERRY POWDER: AN INNOVATIVE AND PROMISING FUNCTIONAL FOOD","authors":"Misael Cortés, G. Hernández, Eliana M. Estrada","doi":"10.17533/UDEA.VITAE.V24N1A07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17533/UDEA.VITAE.V24N1A07","url":null,"abstract":"Background: currently, functional foods are the type of foods of most interest to the modern consumer, due to the health benefits they provide. Objectives: Optimize the spray drying process to obtain cape gooseberry powder added with active compounds. Methods: A process of spray drying was carried out to obtain a powder from cape gooseberry suspensions added with vitamin C, iron, folic acid, isolated soy protein and dietary fiber. The drying process was optimized according to the characteristics of food formulations and operating conditions, obtaining a product with low hygroscopicity, high solubility and high levels of physiologically active compounds. Response surface methodology was used, considering a central composite design with four factors: maltodextrin (0-40%p/p), inlet air temperature (170-210°C), atomizer disc speed (16000-24000 rpm) and outlet air temperature (75-95°C). Results: The results showed a higher retention of vitamin C (69.7±0.7%), folic acid (90.9±1.8%) and iron (90.8±1.0%) with the food formulation containing a 24.4% of maltodextrin and the drying process defined by an atomizer disc speed of 19848 rpm and inlet and outlet air temperature of 194.2°C and 87.7°C, respectively. Conclusions: The spray drying process is an effective technology that provides added value to the fruit of cape gooseberry, allowing the incorporation and conservation of active compounds such as iron, folic acid and ascorbic acid.","PeriodicalId":23515,"journal":{"name":"Vitae-revista De La Facultad De Quimica Farmaceutica","volume":"34 1","pages":"59-67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76602412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.17533/udea.vitae.v24n2(2)a04
Gloria Lizeth Díaz-Arenas, Dietmar José Ramos-González, C. Muvdi-Nova
Background: Glucose syrups obtained from cassava starch have been studied due to the high content of starch that their raw material presents (87.67% dry base). The production process is performed conventionally in batch reactors using enzymes (in two steps). Subsequently, the hydrolysates produced are clarified to
{"title":"ESTUDIO DEL PROCESO DE PRODUCCIÓN EN CONTINUO DE HIDROLIZADOS DE ALMIDÓN DE YUCA INTEGRANDO HIDRÓLISIS ENZIMÁTICA Y CLARIFICACIÓN CON MEMBRANAS","authors":"Gloria Lizeth Díaz-Arenas, Dietmar José Ramos-González, C. Muvdi-Nova","doi":"10.17533/udea.vitae.v24n2(2)a04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.vitae.v24n2(2)a04","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Glucose syrups obtained from cassava starch have been studied due to the high content of starch that their raw material presents (87.67% dry base). The production process is performed conventionally in batch reactors using enzymes (in two steps). Subsequently, the hydrolysates produced are clarified to","PeriodicalId":23515,"journal":{"name":"Vitae-revista De La Facultad De Quimica Farmaceutica","volume":"13 2","pages":"25-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91454479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.17533/UDEA.VITAE.V24N2(2)A02
Laura Rendón, Andres F Zuluaga, C. A. Rodríguez, M. Agudelo, O. Vesga
{"title":"OBTENCIÓN DE UN MODELO MÚRIDO DE DIABETES INDUCIDA POR ESTREPTOZOTOCINA ÚTIL EN LA EVALUACIÓN FARMACODINÁMICA DE LA INSULINA REGULAR","authors":"Laura Rendón, Andres F Zuluaga, C. A. Rodríguez, M. Agudelo, O. Vesga","doi":"10.17533/UDEA.VITAE.V24N2(2)A02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17533/UDEA.VITAE.V24N2(2)A02","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23515,"journal":{"name":"Vitae-revista De La Facultad De Quimica Farmaceutica","volume":"32 1","pages":"11-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85266058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.17533/udea.vitae.v24n2(2)a06
Adriana Verhelst, Universitaria Tecnológico de Comfenalco
. ABSTRACT Background: Oligofructose is obtained by partial enzymatic hydrolysis of inulin, being more soluble than this and moderately sweet, approximately sweetness of sucrose. In combination with intense swee-teners it generates a more finished palate and longer lasting fruity taste with less aftertaste. Objective: The study aimed at effect of the addition of oligofructose on the physical chemical, sensorial and micro-S47
{"title":"EVALUACIÓN DEL EFECTO DE LA ADICIÓN DE OLIGOFRUCTOSA SOBRE LAS CARACTERÍSTICAS FISICOQUIMICAS, SENSORIALES, MICROBIOLÓGICAS Y EL APORTE CALORICO DE LECHE CONDENSADA DE BÚFALA","authors":"Adriana Verhelst, Universitaria Tecnológico de Comfenalco","doi":"10.17533/udea.vitae.v24n2(2)a06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.vitae.v24n2(2)a06","url":null,"abstract":". ABSTRACT Background: Oligofructose is obtained by partial enzymatic hydrolysis of inulin, being more soluble than this and moderately sweet, approximately sweetness of sucrose. In combination with intense swee-teners it generates a more finished palate and longer lasting fruity taste with less aftertaste. Objective: The study aimed at effect of the addition of oligofructose on the physical chemical, sensorial and micro-S47","PeriodicalId":23515,"journal":{"name":"Vitae-revista De La Facultad De Quimica Farmaceutica","volume":"4 1","pages":"46-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74041835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.17533/UDEA.VITAE.V24N2(2)A08
A. G. Ríos, Cristian Camilo Rodríguez Vida, Esteban Montes, Alberto Sánchez López
Background: Tomato variety “chonto” (Solanum lycopersicum) is a common ingredient in Colombian cuisine. This fruit is commonly attacked for pests that generates losses higher than 30 %. The profuse crop dusting produces a risk for the consumers, for that reason The Colombian Agriculture Institute (ICA) limit the use of agrochemicals. However, the marketed tomato contains traces of endosulfán and 4,4’-DDT that are regulated and prohibited in many countries, including Colombia. Tomato quality is stablished according to the Codex Alimentarius recommendations for pesticides, which studies require sensible, selective and probed methods of analysis. Objectives: To report about the estimated average daily intake (EADI) for pesticides residues in the region. In the present work the QuEChERS methodology was modified and validated, based on the EN15662 procedure for the analysis of the organochlorines and organophosphorus pesticides residues in tomato. Methods: The procedure EN15662 was implemented and validated by means of analytical figures of merit from the calibration curve, accuracy analysis and the Youden-Steiner robustness test, for the simultaneous analysis of organochlorines and organophosphorus pesticides using gas chromatography with micro electron capture detector (GC-μECD) in commercialized tomato samples from an organic store Fruver (marketing of vegetables, fresh fruit and vegetables) and 14 grocery stores, for a total of 16 sample points in Armenia. The EADI was estimated for pesticides residues found. Results: A total of 26 residues of pesticides, 20 organochlorines and 6 organophosphorus were analyzed. In mean level of concentration of the calibration curves, recovery was in the range from 82% ± 5 to 136% ± 15 to 17 organochlorines, and in the range from 64% ± 9 to 96% ± 15 to 5 organophosphorus. Other pesticide residues were outside this range of recovery. Detection limits between 0,5 and 257 μg/L and quantification limits between 1,4 and 779 μg/L for aldrin and diazinon, respectively. Conclusions: The methodology used in our studies proves its robustness for the analysis of pesticides. 4,4’-DDT, endosulfán y metoxicloro were found in the majority of samples analyzed, although they are prohibited in Colombia.
{"title":"RESIDUOS DE PLAGUICIDAS EN TOMATE (Solanum lycopersicum) COMERCIALIZADO EN ARMENIA, COLOMBIA","authors":"A. G. Ríos, Cristian Camilo Rodríguez Vida, Esteban Montes, Alberto Sánchez López","doi":"10.17533/UDEA.VITAE.V24N2(2)A08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17533/UDEA.VITAE.V24N2(2)A08","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Tomato variety “chonto” (Solanum lycopersicum) is a common ingredient in Colombian cuisine. This fruit is commonly attacked for pests that generates losses higher than 30 %. The profuse crop dusting produces a risk for the consumers, for that reason The Colombian Agriculture Institute (ICA) limit the use of agrochemicals. However, the marketed tomato contains traces of endosulfán and 4,4’-DDT that are regulated and prohibited in many countries, including Colombia. Tomato quality is stablished according to the Codex Alimentarius recommendations for pesticides, which studies require sensible, selective and probed methods of analysis. Objectives: To report about the estimated average daily intake (EADI) for pesticides residues in the region. In the present work the QuEChERS methodology was modified and validated, based on the EN15662 procedure for the analysis of the organochlorines and organophosphorus pesticides residues in tomato. Methods: The procedure EN15662 was implemented and validated by means of analytical figures of merit from the calibration curve, accuracy analysis and the Youden-Steiner robustness test, for the simultaneous analysis of organochlorines and organophosphorus pesticides using gas chromatography with micro electron capture detector (GC-μECD) in commercialized tomato samples from an organic store Fruver (marketing of vegetables, fresh fruit and vegetables) and 14 grocery stores, for a total of 16 sample points in Armenia. The EADI was estimated for pesticides residues found. Results: A total of 26 residues of pesticides, 20 organochlorines and 6 organophosphorus were analyzed. In mean level of concentration of the calibration curves, recovery was in the range from 82% ± 5 to 136% ± 15 to 17 organochlorines, and in the range from 64% ± 9 to 96% ± 15 to 5 organophosphorus. Other pesticide residues were outside this range of recovery. Detection limits between 0,5 and 257 μg/L and quantification limits between 1,4 and 779 μg/L for aldrin and diazinon, respectively. Conclusions: The methodology used in our studies proves its robustness for the analysis of pesticides. 4,4’-DDT, endosulfán y metoxicloro were found in the majority of samples analyzed, although they are prohibited in Colombia.","PeriodicalId":23515,"journal":{"name":"Vitae-revista De La Facultad De Quimica Farmaceutica","volume":"1 1","pages":"68-79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76188859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
, aislados de intestino de tilapia ( Oreochromis sp) frente a A. veronii y S. agalactiae, patógenos de tilapia. Metodología: El efecto bactericida de los extractos de L. lactis y B. megaterium se determinó por el ensayo de difusión en pozos, encontrando halos de inhibición frente a A. veronii hasta de 35 mm. El extracto de L. lactis fue evaluado por cromatografía HPLC y el de Bacillus megaterium por espectrofotometría de masas. Resultados: Los resultados mostraron que ambos extractos controlaron el crecimiento de A. veronii y S. agalactiae, los análisis estadísticos no presentaron diferencias significativas (p>0.05) en la inhibición generada entre los dos extractos de probióticos, todos controlaron el crecimiento de estos patógenos in vitro . El L. lactis produjo sólo ácido láctico, el cual se determinó por HPLC, mientras que los análisis obtenidos en masas para el extracto de B. megaterium evidenciaron la presencia de acido palmítico, esteárico e imidazol. Conclusi ó n: Todos estos hallazgos evidencian el efecto positivo de los microorganismos probióticos en el control del crecimiento de patógenos en la tilapia.
{"title":"ACTIVIDAD BACTERICIDA in vitro DE LOS EXTRACTOS DE Bacillus megaterium Y Lactococcus lactis CONTRA Aeromonas veronii Y Streptococcus agalactiae","authors":"Luz Adriana Gutiérrez Ramírez, Corporación Universitaria Lasallista, C. Ruales., Magally Romero Tabarez","doi":"10.17533/udea.vitae.v24n2(2)a03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.vitae.v24n2(2)a03","url":null,"abstract":", aislados de intestino de tilapia ( Oreochromis sp) frente a A. veronii y S. agalactiae, patógenos de tilapia. Metodología: El efecto bactericida de los extractos de L. lactis y B. megaterium se determinó por el ensayo de difusión en pozos, encontrando halos de inhibición frente a A. veronii hasta de 35 mm. El extracto de L. lactis fue evaluado por cromatografía HPLC y el de Bacillus megaterium por espectrofotometría de masas. Resultados: Los resultados mostraron que ambos extractos controlaron el crecimiento de A. veronii y S. agalactiae, los análisis estadísticos no presentaron diferencias significativas (p>0.05) en la inhibición generada entre los dos extractos de probióticos, todos controlaron el crecimiento de estos patógenos in vitro . El L. lactis produjo sólo ácido láctico, el cual se determinó por HPLC, mientras que los análisis obtenidos en masas para el extracto de B. megaterium evidenciaron la presencia de acido palmítico, esteárico e imidazol. Conclusi ó n: Todos estos hallazgos evidencian el efecto positivo de los microorganismos probióticos en el control del crecimiento de patógenos en la tilapia.","PeriodicalId":23515,"journal":{"name":"Vitae-revista De La Facultad De Quimica Farmaceutica","volume":"37 1","pages":"19-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91165026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-12-26DOI: 10.17533/UDEA.VITAE.V23N3A03
L. M. Zapata, J. M. Castagnini, Carlos Fabio Quinteros, Evelin Carlier, Mariana Jiménez-Veuthey, C. Cabrera
Antecedentes: Los arandanos y productos de arandano tienen alto valor nutricional, especialmente por su alto contenido de antocianinas. Estas son potentes antioxidantes y poseen alta capacidad de secuestrar radicales libres. Asi, los arandanos y productos de arandanos han resultado atractivos para los consumidores interesados en alimentos funcionales. Sin embargo, los tratamientos termicos y posterior almacenamiento de productos alimenticios influyen en el contenido de antocianinas. La cinetica de degradacion de las antocianinas puede ser evaluada desde una perspectiva termodinamica, basada en funciones como energia libre, entalpia, entropia y energia de activacion. Objetivos: Se estudio el efecto de la pasteurizacion y la estabilidad de antocianinas presentes en jugos de arandanos, sin pasteurizar y pasteurizados, durante el almacenamiento. Metodos: Jugos de arandanos sin pasteurizar y pasteurizados fueron almacenados a -18, 0, 5 y 10°C durante 148 dias. A intervalos de tiempos se cuantifico la concentracion de antocianinas monomericas totales. Se realizo un Analisis de Componentes Principales y los resultados experimentales se ajustaron a modelos cineticos de orden cero y uno, y a los modelos de Arrhenius y Eyring. Resultados: La pasteurizacion provoco disminucion del 28,5% en la concentracion inicial de antocianinas monomericas totales, mientras que para todas las temperaturas estudiadas, la disminucion de antocianinas en funcion del tiempo de almacenamiento siguio una cinetica de primer orden. En el jugo sin pasteurizar, la constante de velocidad de degradacion vario entre 0,0080 - 0,0084 dias-1 y el tiempo de vida media, entre 75 - 87 dias. En el jugo pasteurizado, la constante de velocidad de degradacion vario entre 0,0023 - 0,0060 dias-1 y el tiempo de vida media, entre 116-301 dias. En este la energia de activacion, la energia libre de Gibbs, entalpia y entropia de activacion fueron 44,66 kJ/mol, 83,80 kJ/mol, 42,35 kJ/mol y -139,09 J/mol.K, respectivamente”. Conclusiones: El tratamiento de pasteurizacion provoco disminucion del 28,5% en la concentracion de antocianinas monomericas totales iniciales de los jugos de arandano. La estabilidad de las antocianinas durante el almacenamiento fue mayor en los jugos pasteurizados, siendo mayor cuando se almacenaron a 0°C; mientras que en los jugos pasteurizados almacenados a -18°C las antocianinas mostraron menor estabilidad.
{"title":"Estabilidad de antocianinas durante el almacenamiento de jugos de arándanos","authors":"L. M. Zapata, J. M. Castagnini, Carlos Fabio Quinteros, Evelin Carlier, Mariana Jiménez-Veuthey, C. Cabrera","doi":"10.17533/UDEA.VITAE.V23N3A03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17533/UDEA.VITAE.V23N3A03","url":null,"abstract":"Antecedentes: Los arandanos y productos de arandano tienen alto valor nutricional, especialmente por su alto contenido de antocianinas. Estas son potentes antioxidantes y poseen alta capacidad de secuestrar radicales libres. Asi, los arandanos y productos de arandanos han resultado atractivos para los consumidores interesados en alimentos funcionales. Sin embargo, los tratamientos termicos y posterior almacenamiento de productos alimenticios influyen en el contenido de antocianinas. La cinetica de degradacion de las antocianinas puede ser evaluada desde una perspectiva termodinamica, basada en funciones como energia libre, entalpia, entropia y energia de activacion. Objetivos: Se estudio el efecto de la pasteurizacion y la estabilidad de antocianinas presentes en jugos de arandanos, sin pasteurizar y pasteurizados, durante el almacenamiento. Metodos: Jugos de arandanos sin pasteurizar y pasteurizados fueron almacenados a -18, 0, 5 y 10°C durante 148 dias. A intervalos de tiempos se cuantifico la concentracion de antocianinas monomericas totales. Se realizo un Analisis de Componentes Principales y los resultados experimentales se ajustaron a modelos cineticos de orden cero y uno, y a los modelos de Arrhenius y Eyring. Resultados: La pasteurizacion provoco disminucion del 28,5% en la concentracion inicial de antocianinas monomericas totales, mientras que para todas las temperaturas estudiadas, la disminucion de antocianinas en funcion del tiempo de almacenamiento siguio una cinetica de primer orden. En el jugo sin pasteurizar, la constante de velocidad de degradacion vario entre 0,0080 - 0,0084 dias-1 y el tiempo de vida media, entre 75 - 87 dias. En el jugo pasteurizado, la constante de velocidad de degradacion vario entre 0,0023 - 0,0060 dias-1 y el tiempo de vida media, entre 116-301 dias. En este la energia de activacion, la energia libre de Gibbs, entalpia y entropia de activacion fueron 44,66 kJ/mol, 83,80 kJ/mol, 42,35 kJ/mol y -139,09 J/mol.K, respectivamente”. Conclusiones: El tratamiento de pasteurizacion provoco disminucion del 28,5% en la \u0000concentracion de antocianinas monomericas totales iniciales de los jugos de arandano. La estabilidad de las antocianinas durante el almacenamiento fue mayor en los jugos pasteurizados, siendo mayor cuando se almacenaron a 0°C; mientras que en los jugos pasteurizados almacenados a -18°C las antocianinas mostraron menor estabilidad.","PeriodicalId":23515,"journal":{"name":"Vitae-revista De La Facultad De Quimica Farmaceutica","volume":"77 1","pages":"173-183"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80014214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-12-26DOI: 10.17533/UDEA.VITAE.V23N3A01
K. Bravo, J. A. Pereañez
Colombia, a country privileged by nature, where diversity of climates are created by large altitude gradients which generate a variety of ecosystems and beautiful badlands, punas, mountain forests, dry valleys, high deserts and salt flats; landscapes that have diversity of plants and animals and we are cata- loged as one of the countries as the greatest diversity in the world, preceded by Brazil and followed by Indonesia, China and Mexico [1]. We have 28.000 plants and lichens; it is an invaluable heritage that can give to our country competitive advantages in the discovery and development of active ingredients for the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry by sustainable use of our biodiversity.
{"title":"Colombian biodiversity, an opportunity for the strengthening of the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries","authors":"K. Bravo, J. A. Pereañez","doi":"10.17533/UDEA.VITAE.V23N3A01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17533/UDEA.VITAE.V23N3A01","url":null,"abstract":"Colombia, a country privileged by nature, where diversity of climates are created by large altitude gradients which generate a variety of ecosystems and beautiful badlands, punas, mountain forests, dry valleys, high deserts and salt flats; landscapes that have diversity of plants and animals and we are cata- loged as one of the countries as the greatest diversity in the world, preceded by Brazil and followed by Indonesia, China and Mexico [1]. We have 28.000 plants and lichens; it is an invaluable heritage that can give to our country competitive advantages in the discovery and development of active ingredients for the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry by sustainable use of our biodiversity.","PeriodicalId":23515,"journal":{"name":"Vitae-revista De La Facultad De Quimica Farmaceutica","volume":"53 1","pages":"163-165"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88761394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-12-26DOI: 10.17533/UDEA.VITAE.V23N3A05
Alejandro Oviedo Castrillón, N. Laverde, C. M. Rodríguez, B. Marín
BACKGROUND: Omega 3 family fatty acids are currently widely studied for the diverse effects they have on cardiovascular disease risk factors. Seafood is the main natural source of these compounds. OBJETIVE: In this paper the accuracy is verified on the fat extraction in fish, between two methods, using one of the most employees as it is the Bligh & Dyer since 1959, compared with SOXTEC, one more updated method with more modern equipment and validated quantification method for some fatty acids omega 3 by gas chromatography. METHODS: Fat extraction was performed by SOXTEC and Bligh & Dyer uses a Certified Reference Material (SRM 1946). After having assessed the accuracy of both systems, a quantification method of α-Linolenic, Eicosapentaenoic, and Docosahexaenoic fatty acids was validated through gas chromatography. RESULTS: It was found that the method proposed by Bligh & Dyer in 1959 is the most accurate because it showed better recovery percentages. Also, it was found that the omega 3 most important fatty acid quantification validation method complies with every parameter assessed throughout the validation. CONCLUSION: In conclusion Soxtec being a more modern method which uses the latest technology , the Bligh & Dyer is the most effective method for removing fat in fish and gas chromatography allows quantification of fatty acids with precision and accuracy as meets the parameters evaluated .
{"title":"COMPARISON AND VALIDATION OF A FAST METHOD FOR THE EXTRACTION AND QUANTIFICATION OF α-LINOLENIC, EICOSAPENTAENOIC, AND DOCOSAHEXAENOIC FATTY ACIDS","authors":"Alejandro Oviedo Castrillón, N. Laverde, C. M. Rodríguez, B. Marín","doi":"10.17533/UDEA.VITAE.V23N3A05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17533/UDEA.VITAE.V23N3A05","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Omega 3 family fatty acids are currently widely studied for the diverse effects they have on cardiovascular disease risk factors. Seafood is the main natural source of these compounds. OBJETIVE: In this paper the accuracy is verified on the fat extraction in fish, between two methods, using one of the most employees as it is the Bligh & Dyer since 1959, compared with SOXTEC, one more updated method with more modern equipment and validated quantification method for some fatty acids omega 3 by gas chromatography. METHODS: Fat extraction was performed by SOXTEC and Bligh & Dyer uses a Certified Reference Material (SRM 1946). After having assessed the accuracy of both systems, a quantification method of α-Linolenic, Eicosapentaenoic, and Docosahexaenoic fatty acids was validated through gas chromatography. RESULTS: It was found that the method proposed by Bligh & Dyer in 1959 is the most accurate because it showed better recovery percentages. Also, it was found that the omega 3 most important fatty acid quantification validation method complies with every parameter assessed throughout the validation. CONCLUSION: In conclusion Soxtec being a more modern method which uses the latest technology , the Bligh & Dyer is the most effective method for removing fat in fish and gas chromatography allows quantification of fatty acids with precision and accuracy as meets the parameters evaluated .","PeriodicalId":23515,"journal":{"name":"Vitae-revista De La Facultad De Quimica Farmaceutica","volume":"282 1","pages":"194-201"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86738975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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