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Repeat patient testing-quality control compared to commercial quality control material for the Sysmex XT-2000iV hematology analyzer in a multi-site veterinary laboratory 在一个多站点兽医实验室中，对 Sysmex XT-2000iV 血液分析仪进行病人重复检测--质量控制与商业质量控制材料进行比较。
IF 1.2 4区 农林科学 Q2 Veterinary
Veterinary clinical pathology
Pub Date : 2024-02-14 DOI: 10.1111/vcp.13332
S. Daly, M. Rishniw, P. A. Graham, K. P. Freeman

Background

Quality control material (QCM) for hematology in veterinary laboratories is limited, and repeat patient testing quality control (RPT-QC) is an alternative method using excess matrix-specific samples.

Objectives

This study aimed to determine if median differences between RPT-QC analyses for each time interval for RBC, HGB, HCT, and WBC were the same, determine if unified RPT-QC limits can be applied to a network of veterinary laboratories, compare the performance of RPT-QC to commercial QCM for the reference analyzer and evaluate the experience over a 4 month period and design, improve and implement an automated spreadsheet for RPT-QC data management.

Methods

The potential to unify individual analyzer RPT-QC limits for red blood cells (RBC), hematocrit (HCT), hemoglobin (HGB), and white blood cells (WBC) on multi-site Sysmex XT-2000-iV analyzers was explored by a difference of means test and confidence interval determination for the median difference for each network analyzer in comparison to the network reference analyzer. User experience of an automated RPT-QC data management Excel spreadsheet was collected by user feedback during monthly meetings. Numbers of out-of-control results and the root causes for these for RPT-QC were compared against those of a commercial QCM over a 4-month period.

Results

Differences between individual analyzer RPT-QC limits were too large to allow for unification of network limits. The automated spreadsheet successfully highlighted out-of-control events for RPT-QC. Trends or shifts were more frequent for commercial QCM based on observed performance and a 1–2.5 s QC rule than for RPT-QC. Following routine troubleshooting, RPT-QC out-of-control events were resolved with an alternative RPT-QC sample indicating random error associated with excessive deterioration. Use of an automated spreadsheet for recording RPT-QC, documentation and troubleshooting of out-of-control events, and collating monthly summary calculations were considered an asset in laboratory quality management.

Conclusions

RPT-QC can be successfully implemented and integrated into a multi-site veterinary laboratory. Individual analyzer RPT-QC limit generation is recommended. The deterioration of commercial QCM caused shifts or trends in QC results, which initiate

背景：兽医实验室血液学质控材料（QCM）有限，而重复患者检测质控（RPT-QC）是使用过量特定基质样本的替代方法：本研究旨在确定 RBC、HGB、HCT 和 WBC 每个时间间隔的 RPT-QC 分析之间的中位数差异是否相同，确定统一的 RPT-QC 限值是否可应用于兽医实验室网络，比较 RPT-QC 与商用 QCM 的参比分析仪性能，评估 4 个月的经验，以及设计、改进和实施用于 RPT-QC 数据管理的自动化电子表格：方法：通过均值差异检验和确定每个网络分析仪与网络参考分析仪的中位差异置信区间，探讨了统一多站点 Sysmex XT-2000-iV 分析仪上各个分析仪的红细胞 (RBC)、血细胞比容 (HCT)、血红蛋白 (HGB) 和白细胞 (WBC) 的 RPT-QC 限值的可能性。在月度会议期间，通过用户反馈收集了自动 RPT-QC 数据管理 Excel 电子表格的用户体验。将 4 个月内 RPT-QC 与商用 QCM 的失控结果数量及其根本原因进行了比较：结果：各个分析仪的 RPT-QC 限值差异太大，无法统一网络限值。自动电子表格成功强调了 RPT-QC 的失控事件。与 RPT-QC 相比，基于观察性能和 1-2.5 秒 QC 规则的商用 QCM 更经常出现趋势或变化。常规故障排除后，RPT-QC 失控事件可通过替代 RPT-QC 样品来解决，这表明随机误差与过度劣化有关。使用自动电子表格记录 RPT-QC、记录失控事件并排除故障，以及整理月度汇总计算结果，被认为是实验室质量管理的一项资产：结论：RPT-QC 可以成功实施并整合到多站点兽医实验室中。建议生成单个分析仪的 RPT-QC 限值。与 RPT-QC 相比，商业 QCM 的恶化会导致 QC 结果的变化或趋势，从而引发更多的重复分析和调查。
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引用次数: 0
Analytical performance of feline plasma on current Heska and IDEXX point-of-care biochemistry analyzers compared with a commercial laboratory analyzer 当前 Heska 和 IDEXX 床旁生化分析仪与商用实验室分析仪对猫科动物血浆分析性能的比较。
IF 1.2 4区 农林科学 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES
Veterinary clinical pathology
Pub Date : 2024-02-06 DOI: 10.1111/vcp.13310
Randolph M. Baral, Susan M. Jaensch, Douglas A. Hayward, Kathleen P. Freeman

Background

Point-of-care (POC) biochemistry analyzers are widely used in small animal clinical practice but infrequently independently assessed for performance.

Objective

To assess the performance of two current model point-of-care biochemistry analyzers (Heska Element DC and IDEXX Catalyst) compared with a commercial laboratory analyzer (Cobas 8000).

Methods

One hundred twenty-one cats from a feline hospital population were sampled with plasma results from a single lithium heparin tube assessed on all three analyzers. Plasma biochemistry results from each POC analyzer were compared with the commercial laboratory analyzer using Bland–Altman difference plots and by determining whether the limits of agreement (LOAs) (95% of differences) fell within various quality goals after correcting for inherent bias.

Results

Only 7 of 14 analytes on the Heska analyzer and 2 analytes on the IDEXX analyzer attained the most stringent LOA quality goal, which was being within desirable total error based on biologic variation (TEdes). The number of analytes achieving quality goals increased with less stringent standards such as American Society of Veterinary Clinical Pathologists allowable total error (ASVCP TEA) guidelines or if <95% of clinical comparisons reaching these quality goals is considered acceptable. Widespread bias was found between both POC analyzers and the commercial laboratory analyzer.

Conclusions

The performance of both POC biochemistry analyzers was variable compared with a commercial laboratory analyzer. Performance goals were only able to be attained after the bias for each analyzer was accounted for by offsetting the LOAs and quality goals set by the mean bias for each analyte on each analyzer.

背景：护理点（POC）生化分析仪广泛应用于小动物临床实践，但很少对其性能进行独立评估：评估两种现有型号的床旁生化分析仪（Heska Element DC 和 IDEXX Catalyst）与商用实验室分析仪（Cobas 8000）的性能比较：方法：从猫科动物医院的 121 只猫中采样，用所有三种分析仪评估来自单支锂肝素管的血浆结果。使用布兰-阿尔特曼（Bland-Altman）差异图将每种 POC 分析仪的血浆生化结果与商业实验室分析仪的结果进行比较，并在校正固有偏差后确定一致性限（LOAs）（差异的 95%）是否在各种质量目标范围内：结果：在Heska分析仪的14种分析物中，只有7种分析物达到了最严格的LOA质量目标，即基于生物变异的理想总误差（TEdes）。如果采用美国兽医临床病理学家协会允许总误差（ASVCP TEA）准则或结论等不太严格的标准，达到质量目标的分析物数量会增加：与商用实验室分析仪相比，两种 POC 生化分析仪的性能参差不齐。只有通过用每台分析仪上每种分析物的平均偏差来抵消 LOAs 和质量目标，并对每台分析仪的偏差进行核算后，才能实现性能目标。
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引用次数: 0
Adipocytes in synovial fluid cytology: An approach for diagnosing synovial lipomatosis 滑液细胞学中的脂肪细胞：滑膜脂肪瘤病的诊断方法。
IF 1.2 4区 农林科学 Q2 Veterinary
Veterinary clinical pathology
Pub Date : 2024-02-06 DOI: 10.1111/vcp.13330
Beatriz Agulla, Nùria Vizcaíno, Roser Velarde, Josep Estruch, Elisabet Domínguez, Josep Pastor

A 2-year-old neutered male bullmastiff dog was presented with chronic left hind limb lameness. Physical examination revealed left stifle effusion and medial buttress without cranial tibial thrust. Radiographs showed joint effusion and new bone formation at the patella apex. Magnetic resonance imaging showed increased synovial fluid, widening of the joint space, abnormal infrapatellar fat body and thinning of the cranial cruciate ligament. Synoviocentesis and cytologic evaluation of synovial fluid revealed marked mononuclear inflammation with abundant fatty tissue, suggesting synovial lipomatosis in conjunction with the imaging findings. The disease was confirmed histologically after sampling the lesion during arthrotomy. Synovial lipomatosis, characterized by extensive synovial adipose tissue proliferation of the synovial membrane, is a rare “tumor-like” disorder that usually affects the stifle. Although the etiology remains unclear, joint trauma, inflammation, instability, and lipid abnormalities have been proposed as causes. Inflammatory factors may promote synoviocyte and adipocyte hyperplasia that perpetuate the process. Surgical removal may be suggested to eliminate triggers and prevent future recurrences. The report provides the first cytological description of adipocytes in synovial fluid associated with the diagnosis of synovial lipomatosis in dogs. This case report underscores the potential effectiveness of cytologic analysis of synovial fluid smears, in combination with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), for diagnosing this condition and reducing complications associated with arthrotomy for sampling purposes. Additionally, the case highlights that synovial lipomatosis should be considered as a potential differential diagnosis for synovial masses in dogs. Further cases are needed to validate these observations in veterinary medicine.

一只两岁大的阉割雄性斗牛犬因长期左后肢跛行而就诊。体格检查发现左侧跗关节积液，内侧有托举，但无胫骨推力。X 光片显示髌骨顶点有关节积液和新骨形成。磁共振成像显示滑液增多，关节间隙增宽，髌下脂肪体异常，头颅十字韧带变薄。滑膜穿刺术和滑膜液细胞学评估显示，滑膜液中有明显的单核炎症和大量脂肪组织，结合影像学检查结果，提示滑膜脂肪瘤病。在关节切开术中对病变部位取样后，经组织学检查证实了这一疾病。滑膜脂肪瘤病是一种罕见的 "肿瘤样 "疾病，以滑膜上广泛的滑膜脂肪组织增生为特征，通常发生在跗关节。虽然病因尚不清楚，但关节创伤、炎症、不稳定性和脂质异常已被认为是病因。炎症因素可能会促进滑膜细胞和脂肪细胞的增生，从而使这一过程永久化。可建议进行手术切除，以消除诱因并防止今后复发。本报告首次从细胞学角度描述了与犬滑膜脂肪瘤病诊断相关的滑液中的脂肪细胞。该病例报告强调了滑液涂片的细胞学分析与磁共振成像（MRI）相结合对诊断这种疾病的潜在有效性，并减少了为取样而进行关节切开术所带来的并发症。此外，该病例还强调，滑膜脂肪瘤病应被视为犬滑膜肿块的潜在鉴别诊断。还需要更多的病例来验证兽医学中的这些观察结果。
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引用次数: 0
Serum vitamin D3 (25-OH vit D3) concentrations and hemogram changes in calves with enzootic pneumonia 犊牛流行性肺炎患者血清维生素 D3（25-OH vit D3）浓度和血型图变化。
IF 1.2 4区 农林科学 Q2 Veterinary
Veterinary clinical pathology
Pub Date : 2024-02-06 DOI: 10.1111/vcp.13316
Seviye Ertunç, Zafer Mecitoğlu, Sevim Kasap, Sezgin Şentürk

Background

Enzootic pneumonia is an important disease complex associated with insufficient colostrum intake after birth, adverse environmental conditions, and stress. Vitamin D deficiency may be an important predisposing factor for this disease.

Objective

This study aimed to investigate in calves with enzootic pneumonia.

Methods

A total of 30 calves, aged 3–5 months, under the same care and feeding conditions were used. Groups were formed according to Clinical Respiratory Scoring as the group with mild/moderate enzootic pneumonia (n = 10), the group with severe enzootic pneumonia (n = 10), and the healthy control group (n = 10) without any disease. Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein of animals in all groups on Day 0; a complete blood count was performed, and serum vitamin D levels were measured using the Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) method.

Results

Although no statistical differences were observed in total leukocyte, lymphocyte, eosinophil, basophil, hemoglobin, and hematocrit levels between groups, statistically significant differences in blood neutrophil, monocyte, and erythrocyte counts were found between the groups. Monocyte counts were statistically decreased in the mild/moderate group compared with the control group. Neutrophil counts were significantly higher in the mild/moderate and severe groups than in the control group. Erythrocyte counts were increased in the mild/moderate and severe groups compared with the control group. Vitamin D concentrations were statistically lower in the mild/moderate and severe groups than in the control group. However, no statistical differences in Vitamin D concentrations were observed between the mild/moderate and severe groups. There was a negative and significant correlation between erythrocyte counts and vitamin D concentrations (r = −0.64, P < .0001). While erythrocyte counts increased in the severe group compared with the mild/moderate group, vitamin D concentrations decreased. Also, a negative and significant correlation was observed between platelet counts and vitamin D concentrations (r = −0.74, P < .0001).

Conclusions

The results of this study determined that serum vitamin D concentrations in calves with pneumonia were lower than those in healthy calves. Detailed studies on the etiologic and prognostic importance of low vitami

背景：非典型肺炎是一种重要的复合疾病，与出生后初乳摄入不足、不利的环境条件和应激有关。维生素 D 缺乏可能是这种疾病的一个重要诱发因素：本研究旨在调查犊牛感染流行性肺炎的情况：方法：共使用 30 头 3-5 月龄的犊牛，在相同的护理和饲养条件下饲养。根据临床呼吸评分将犊牛分为轻度/中度埃博拉性肺炎组（10 头）、重度埃博拉性肺炎组（10 头）和无任何疾病的健康对照组（10 头）。第 0 天从各组动物的颈静脉采集血样，进行全血细胞计数，并采用液相色谱-串联质谱法（LC-MS/MS）测定血清维生素 D 水平：虽然各组间的白细胞总数、淋巴细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞、嗜碱性粒细胞、血红蛋白和血细胞比容水平没有统计学差异，但各组间的血液中性粒细胞、单核细胞和红细胞计数有显著统计学差异。与对照组相比，轻度/中度组的单核细胞计数在统计学上有所下降。轻度/中度组和重度组的中性粒细胞计数明显高于对照组。与对照组相比，轻度/中度组和重度组的红细胞计数有所增加。据统计，轻度/中度和重度组的维生素 D 浓度低于对照组。不过，轻度/中度组和重度组之间的维生素 D 浓度没有统计学差异。本研究结果表明，患肺炎犊牛的血清维生素 D 浓度低于健康犊牛。对犊牛流行性肺炎患者维生素 D 含量低的病因和预后重要性进行详细研究，可为预防和治疗提供有价值的数据。
{"title":"Serum vitamin D3 (25-OH vit D3) concentrations and hemogram changes in calves with enzootic pneumonia","authors":"Seviye Ertunç,&nbsp;Zafer Mecitoğlu,&nbsp;Sevim Kasap,&nbsp;Sezgin Şentürk","doi":"10.1111/vcp.13316","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vcp.13316","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Enzootic pneumonia is an important disease complex associated with insufficient colostrum intake after birth, adverse environmental conditions, and stress. Vitamin D deficiency may be an important predisposing factor for this disease.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to investigate in calves with enzootic pneumonia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 30 calves, aged 3–5 months, under the same care and feeding conditions were used. Groups were formed according to Clinical Respiratory Scoring as the group with mild/moderate enzootic pneumonia (<i>n</i> = 10), the group with severe enzootic pneumonia (<i>n</i> = 10), and the healthy control group (<i>n</i> = 10) without any disease. Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein of animals in all groups on Day 0; a complete blood count was performed, and serum vitamin D levels were measured using the Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) method.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although no statistical differences were observed in total leukocyte, lymphocyte, eosinophil, basophil, hemoglobin, and hematocrit levels between groups, statistically significant differences in blood neutrophil, monocyte, and erythrocyte counts were found between the groups. Monocyte counts were statistically decreased in the mild/moderate group compared with the control group. Neutrophil counts were significantly higher in the mild/moderate and severe groups than in the control group. Erythrocyte counts were increased in the mild/moderate and severe groups compared with the control group. Vitamin D concentrations were statistically lower in the mild/moderate and severe groups than in the control group. However, no statistical differences in Vitamin D concentrations were observed between the mild/moderate and severe groups. There was a negative and significant correlation between erythrocyte counts and vitamin D concentrations (<i>r</i> = −0.64, <i>P</i> &lt; .0001). While erythrocyte counts increased in the severe group compared with the mild/moderate group, vitamin D concentrations decreased. Also, a negative and significant correlation was observed between platelet counts and vitamin D concentrations (<i>r</i> = −0.74, <i>P</i> &lt; .0001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results of this study determined that serum vitamin D concentrations in calves with pneumonia were lower than those in healthy calves. Detailed studies on the etiologic and prognostic importance of low vitami","PeriodicalId":23593,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary clinical pathology","volume":"53 1","pages":"74-79"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139698422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Development of a reference interval for urinary ammonia-to-creatinine ratio in feline patients 制定猫科动物患者尿氨与肌酐比值的参考区间。
IF 1.2 4区 农林科学 Q2 Veterinary
Veterinary clinical pathology
Pub Date : 2024-02-06 DOI: 10.1111/vcp.13327
Eleanor E. Brown, Rebecca A. Castro, Francesca C. Griffin, Wendy W. Mandese, Jenna K. Rooks, Amy E. Stone, Julia A. Wuerz, Kirsten L. Cooke, Andrew J. Specht, Autumn N. Harris

Background

Disruption of acid–base homeostasis can lead to many clinical problems. Ammonia excretion by the kidneys is critical to maintaining acid–base homeostasis through bicarbonate production. Measurement of ammonia excretion may help determine if the kidneys are properly functioning in maintaining acid–base balance. Reference intervals are essential tools for clinical decision-making but do not currently exist for urinary ammonia-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) in feline patients.

Objective

This study aimed to generate a reference interval (RI) for UACR in healthy adult cats.

Methods

The study used samples from client-owned adult healthy cats that presented to the University of Florida Primary Care and Dentistry service (n = 92). Physical examination, serum biochemistry, urinalysis, urine ammonia, and creatinine concentrations were measured. Cats were excluded if there were significant abnormalities in their urinalysis or biochemistry panel. The RI for UACR was calculated according to the recommendation of the American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology. The UACR was evaluated for correlation with serum bicarbonate, weight, age, and sex.

Results

The RI for UACR was 3.4–20.7 with 90% confidence intervals for the lower and upper limits of (3.0–3.7) and (16.0–23.7), respectively. No significant correlation with age, sex, or weight was found. There was no discernable relationship between serum bicarbonate and UACR.

Conclusions

Establishing an RI for UACR in healthy adult cats will allow further studies to determine if changes in UACR are observed during specific disease states.

背景：酸碱平衡紊乱可导致许多临床问题。肾脏排泄氨对通过产生碳酸氢盐维持酸碱平衡至关重要。测量氨的排泄量有助于确定肾脏在维持酸碱平衡方面的功能是否正常。参考区间是临床决策的重要工具，但目前还没有猫科动物患者尿氨与肌酐比值（UACR）的参考区间：本研究旨在为健康成年猫的尿氨肌酐比值确定参考区间 (RI)：研究使用的样本来自佛罗里达大学初级保健和牙科服务机构的客户饲养的健康成年猫（n = 92）。对体格检查、血清生化、尿液分析、尿氨和肌酐浓度进行了测量。如果猫的尿液分析或生化检查有明显异常，则将其排除在外。UACR 的 RI 是根据美国兽医临床病理学学会的建议计算的。评估了 UACR 与血清碳酸氢盐、体重、年龄和性别的相关性：UACR的RI为3.4-20.7，90%置信区间的下限和上限分别为（3.0-3.7）和（16.0-23.7）。与年龄、性别或体重无明显相关性。血清碳酸氢盐与 UACR 之间没有明显的关系：建立健康成年猫的 UACR RI 将有助于进一步研究确定在特定疾病状态下是否会观察到 UACR 的变化。
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引用次数: 0
Diagnostic utility of the total nucleated cell count for differentiation of septic and sterile peritoneal effusions in dogs 总核细胞计数对区分狗的化脓性腹腔积液和无菌性腹腔积液的诊断作用。
IF 1.2 4区 农林科学 Q2 Veterinary
Veterinary clinical pathology
Pub Date : 2024-02-06 DOI: 10.1111/vcp.13315
Amy E. DiDomenico, Megan E. Jacob, Devorah M. Stowe, Erika J. Gruber

Background

Rapid and accurate diagnosis of septic peritonitis is critical for initiating appropriate medical and surgical management.

Objectives

The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic utility of the total nucleated cell count (TNCC), absolute neutrophil count, neutrophil percentage, and total protein (TP) to distinguish septic versus non-septic peritoneal effusions in dogs.

Methods

Electronic medical records were retrospectively searched for peritoneal fluid samples from 2008 to 2018 and classified as septic or non-septic based on bacterial culture and/or cytology results. Receiver operator characteristic curves (ROCs) were used to describe the overall diagnostic utility of each test, with optimal cutpoints analyzed to dichotomize continuous variables. Positive and negative likelihood ratios were calculated at these cutpoints.

Results

A total of 166 unique samples, including 87 septic and 79 non-septic peritoneal effusions, were included. There were no significant differences in dog sex, age, or days hospitalized between groups. Septic effusions had significantly higher TP, TNCC, absolute neutrophil count, and neutrophil percentage compared with non-septic effusions. The area under the curve of the ROC curves was TNCC (0.80), absolute neutrophil count (0.80), neutrophil percentage (0.64), and TP (0.63). For TNCC and absolute neutrophil count, optimal cutoffs were 17.13 × 103 cells/μL and 19.88 × 103 cells/μL, resulting in positive and negative likelihood ratios of 2.39 and 0.28 and 2.85 and 0.28, respectively.

Conclusions

Total nucleated cell counts and absolute neutrophil counts aid in the differentiation of septic and non-septic peritoneal effusions with similar diagnostic utility but are not sufficiently sensitive or specific to use without concurrent microscopic evaluation.

背景：化脓性腹膜炎的快速和准确诊断对于启动适当的内科和外科治疗至关重要：化脓性腹膜炎的快速准确诊断对于启动适当的内科和外科治疗至关重要：本研究旨在确定总核细胞计数（TNCC）、绝对中性粒细胞计数、中性粒细胞百分比和总蛋白（TP）在区分犬化脓性腹腔积液与非化脓性腹腔积液方面的诊断效用：回顾性检索2008年至2018年的腹腔积液样本电子病历，并根据细菌培养和/或细胞学结果将其分为化脓性和非化脓性腹腔积液。使用受体运算特征曲线（ROC）来描述每种检验的总体诊断效用，并分析最佳切点，对连续变量进行二分。根据这些切点计算阳性和阴性似然比：结果：共纳入了 166 份独特的样本，包括 87 份化脓性腹腔积液和 79 份非化脓性腹腔积液。各组之间在狗的性别、年龄或住院天数方面没有明显差异。与非化脓性腹腔积液相比，化脓性腹腔积液的TP、TNCC、中性粒细胞绝对计数和中性粒细胞百分比均明显较高。ROC曲线的曲线下面积分别为TNCC（0.80）、中性粒细胞绝对计数（0.80）、中性粒细胞百分比（0.64）和TP（0.63）。TNCC和绝对中性粒细胞计数的最佳临界值分别为17.13×103个细胞/μL和19.88×103个细胞/μL，其阳性和阴性似然比分别为2.39和0.28以及2.85和0.28：结论：总有核细胞计数和绝对中性粒细胞计数有助于区分化脓性腹腔积液和非化脓性腹腔积液，具有相似的诊断效用，但如果不同时进行显微镜评估，其敏感性和特异性都不够高。
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引用次数: 0
What is your diagnosis? Blood smear from a Corolla wild horse stallion 您的诊断结果是什么？一匹花冠野马的血涂片。
IF 1.2 4区 农林科学 Q2 Veterinary
Veterinary clinical pathology
Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.1111/vcp.13319
William Benedict, Ashley Parsley, Hiroyuki Mochizuki
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引用次数: 0
Atypical disseminated histiocytic sarcoma in a 7-month-old dog 一只 7 个月大的狗患上了非典型播散性组织细胞肉瘤：病例报告。
IF 1.2 4区 农林科学 Q2 Veterinary
Veterinary clinical pathology
Pub Date : 2024-01-19 DOI: 10.1111/vcp.13328
Maria Garcia-Torres, Bárbara Serrano Muñoz, Joaquim Segalés, Clàudia Mallol, Alba Sanz, María C. López, Xavier Roura

A 7-month-old intact female bearded collie dog was admitted after a 2-week history of progressive cough, inappetence, and lethargy, with no response to previous treatment with doxycycline and steroids. Mild attenuation of lung sounds in the right middle hemithorax was the only abnormality detected on physical examination. Abdominal ultrasound and thoracic radiographs were performed and revealed multifocally distributed nodules and masses, well-circumscribed and of variable size in the kidneys and pulmonary parenchyma. Ultrasound-guided fine needle aspirates of the renal and pulmonary masses were taken. A cytologic evaluation of these lesions pointed towards a malignant mesenchymal neoplasia. Euthanasia was elected due to the poor prognosis and rapid progression. The post-mortem histopathology, a positive result to IBA1 immunoperoxidase staining, and a lack of detection of infectious agents, and negative E-cadherin immunostaining enabled the final diagnosis of a disseminated histiocytic sarcoma. We report an atypical form, both in breed and age, of canine disseminated histiocytic sarcoma. While all breeds can be affected, there is a clear predisposition in some, and no cases have been previously described in bearded collies. Moreover, to the authors' knowledge, this is the youngest dog with this histiocytic disorder described to date. Disseminated histiocytic sarcoma should be considered as a differential diagnosis of multinodular tumors in dogs, regardless of the anatomic location and age of the dogs, even in puppies.

一只 7 个月大的完整雌性胡须牧羊犬因渐进性咳嗽、食欲不振和嗜睡两周后入院，之前的强力霉素和类固醇治疗无效。体格检查发现的唯一异常是右侧中胸腔肺部听诊有轻度衰减。患者接受了腹部超声波检查和胸部X光检查，发现肾脏和肺实质内有多处分布的结节和肿块，呈环状分布，大小不一。在超声引导下，对肾脏和肺部肿块进行了细针穿刺。对这些病变进行的细胞学评估显示，这是一种恶性间充质肿瘤。由于预后不佳且病情发展迅速，医生选择了安乐死。尸检组织病理学结果显示，IBA1免疫过氧化物酶染色呈阳性，未检出感染性病原体，E-粘连蛋白免疫染色呈阴性，最终诊断为播散性组织细胞肉瘤。我们报告的是一种非典型犬播散性组织细胞肉瘤，在品种和年龄上都是如此。虽然所有犬种都有可能患病，但有些犬种有明显的易感性，此前还没有描述过胡须牧羊犬患这种病的病例。此外，据作者所知，这是迄今为止描述的患有这种组织细胞疾病的最年轻的狗。播散性组织细胞肉瘤应被视为犬多结节性肿瘤的鉴别诊断之一，无论解剖位置和犬的年龄如何，即使是幼犬也不例外。
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引用次数: 0
Multiple myeloma in dogs: Use of the cell block technique as a new diagnostic tool 犬多发性骨髓瘤：将细胞阻断技术作为一种新的诊断工具。
IF 1.2 4区 农林科学 Q2 Veterinary
Veterinary clinical pathology
Pub Date : 2024-01-19 DOI: 10.1111/vcp.13320
Pâmela Cristina Lopes Gurgel Valente, Maria Conceição Peleteiro, Maria Joana Dias, Gonçalo Vicente, Constança Pomba, António Duarte, Jorge Correia

Background

The diagnosis of multiple myeloma (MM) in dogs may be challenging and complex. The cell blocks are a diagnostic technique that allows the characterization of neoplastic cells and, therefore, might help in the diagnosis of atypical MM.

Objective

The objective of the present work is to describe three clinical cases in which the cell blocks and immunohistochemistry contributed to the definitive diagnosis of canine MM.

Methods

Three dogs, one female and two males, with different clinical signs, were presented for consultation with anemia, hyperproteinemia with monoclonal gammopathy, and the presence of plasmacytosis in the bone marrow. Cytologic analysis of the spleen was performed in two dogs and was suggestive of the presence of lymphocytes or plasma cells of a neoplastic nature in one of the cases and plasma cell hyperplasia associated with extramedullary hematopoiesis in the other. Given the hypotheses of lymphoid neoplasms with a plasma cell phenotype, cell blocks from aspiration punctures were performed for immunohistochemical analysis with anti-CD3, CD20, CD79αcy, PAX5, and MUM1 antibodies.

Results

The results revealed positive staining for MUM1 in 80% of the cells in the spleen cell block and for CD20 and MUM1 in 70% of the cells in the bone marrow cell blocks, with negative staining for the other antibodies. The immunophenotyping results allowed the diagnosis of MM in the three cases and excluded other lymphoid neoplasms.

Conclusions

This work reinforces the importance of using cell blocks in the diagnosis of neoplasms by demonstrating their potential to aid the diagnosis of MM.

背景：犬多发性骨髓瘤（MM）的诊断可能具有挑战性和复杂性。细胞块是一种可以确定肿瘤细胞特征的诊断技术，因此可能有助于非典型多发性骨髓瘤的诊断：本研究旨在描述三例临床病例，在这三例病例中，细胞块和免疫组化有助于犬 MM 的明确诊断：三只犬（一雌两雄）临床症状各异，均因贫血、高蛋白血症伴单克隆丙种球蛋白增多症和骨髓浆细胞增多症就诊。对两只狗的脾脏进行了细胞学分析，结果表明，其中一只狗的脾脏中存在淋巴细胞或浆细胞肿瘤，另一只狗的脾脏中存在浆细胞增生，并伴有髓外造血。鉴于假设淋巴肿瘤具有浆细胞表型，我们用抗CD3、CD20、CD79αcy、PAX5和MUM1抗体对穿刺抽取的细胞块进行了免疫组化分析：结果显示，脾脏细胞块中 80% 的细胞 MUM1 呈阳性染色，骨髓细胞块中 70% 的细胞 CD20 和 MUM1 呈阳性染色，其他抗体呈阴性染色。免疫分型结果使这三个病例被诊断为 MM，并排除了其他淋巴肿瘤：这项工作通过证明细胞块在帮助诊断 MM 方面的潜力，加强了使用细胞块诊断肿瘤的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Cytologic features of canine melanotroph and corticotroph pituitary adenomas 犬黑质垂体腺瘤和皮质垂体腺瘤的细胞学特征。
IF 1.2 4区 农林科学 Q2 Veterinary
Veterinary clinical pathology
Pub Date : 2024-01-18 DOI: 10.1111/vcp.13311
Adriana P. Furtado, Michelle DeCourcey, Margaret A. Miller, Annie V. Chen, Linda G. Martin, Sarah C. Guess, K. Jane Wardrop, Cleverson de Souza, Tina J. Owen

Background

The introduction of intraoperative cytology revolutionized neurosurgical procedures in human medicine, providing real-time diagnostic guidance to surgeons and contributing to improved patient outcomes. In the realm of veterinary medicine, the understanding of pituitary tumors in dogs and cats remains limited due to challenges in obtaining antemortem samples of central nervous system lesions.

Objectives

The aim of this study was to describe the cytologic features of pituitary adenomas in 12 dogs that underwent hypophysectomy.

Methods

The series included nine melanotroph adenomas and three corticotroph adenomas. Definitive diagnosis was based on histopathology and immunohistochemistry.

Results

Cytologically, the adenomas had high numbers of bare nuclei and intact cells that were round to polygonal and situated individually or in small clusters. The intact cells had round to oval, eccentric nuclei with finely stippled chromatin and one to three prominent nucleoli and ample to abundant lightly basophilic to amphophilic, grainy cytoplasm with distinct borders, and variable numbers of discrete vacuoles. Mild-to-moderate anisocytosis and anisokaryosis, occasional binucleation, rare and atypical mitotic figures, and nuclear molding were also observed.

Conclusions

The results suggest that intraoperative cytology of canine pituitary adenomas holds promise as a valuable diagnostic tool, aiding swift differentiation from other sellar masses before histologic confirmation. Cytologic characterization of pituitary adenomas in dogs is exceptionally rare in the scientific literature, making this study one of the first to offer a comprehensive description of these cytologic features.

背景：术中细胞学的引入彻底改变了人类医学中的神经外科手术，为外科医生提供了实时诊断指导，有助于改善患者预后。在兽医领域，由于难以获得中枢神经系统病变的死前样本，人们对犬猫垂体瘤的了解仍然有限：本研究旨在描述 12 只接受垂体下叶切除术的犬的垂体腺瘤细胞学特征：该系列包括9个黑色素腺瘤和3个皮质腺瘤。根据组织病理学和免疫组化进行明确诊断：从细胞学角度看，腺瘤中有大量裸核和完整细胞，这些细胞呈圆形至多边形，单个或成小群分布。完整的细胞核呈圆形至椭圆形，核仁偏心，染色质呈细条纹状，有一至三个突出的核小体，细胞质丰富至大量，呈轻度嗜碱性至两性嗜碱性，颗粒状，边界清晰，有数量不等的离散空泡。此外，还观察到轻度至中度的异形细胞和异形核、偶见双核、罕见和不典型的有丝分裂像以及核成型：结果表明，犬垂体腺瘤的术中细胞学检查有望成为一种有价值的诊断工具，有助于在组织学确诊前迅速与其他蝶窦肿块区分开来。狗垂体腺瘤的细胞学特征在科学文献中极为罕见，因此本研究是首次全面描述这些细胞学特征的研究之一。
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引用次数: 0
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