Pub Date : 2025-09-21DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2025.101348
Sijia Yu , Peihang Hong , Yu-Syuan Peng , Tzu-Yun Shih , Pin-Chen Liu , Chao-Min Wang , Cheng-Hung Lai , Shyun Chou
Data on feline hemotropic mycoplasmas and piroplasmids in Taiwan are limited. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of hemotropic mycoplasmas and piroplasmids in cats in central Taiwan, as well as to conduct a phylogenetic analysis of the detected pathogens. In total, blood samples of 213 cats were collected from three regions of central Taiwan: Taichung, Yunlin, and Nantou. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify the 16S rRNA gene fragments of hemotropic mycoplasmas and the 18S rRNA gene fragments of piroplasmids. Risk factors were also assessed, and phylogenetic analysis was performed. Out of the 213 samples analyzed, the prevalence of hemotropic mycoplasmas was 10.80 % (23/213). Specifically, Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum, Mycoplasma haemofelis, and Mycoplasma sp. were detected in 7.51 % (16/213), 2.82 % (6/213), and 0.47 % (1/213) of the samples, respectively. Only Babesia gibsoni was detected among the piroplasmids, with a positivity rate of 0.47 % (1/213). No statistically significant associations were found between hemotropic mycoplasmas and the associated factors. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that the uncultured Mycoplasma sp. identified may represent a previously unidentified Mycoplasma species, potentially related to uncultured Mycoplasma spp. detected in cats from Iran. In conclusion, this study identified B. gibsoni in feline blood samples from Taiwan and provides evidence suggesting the existence of unidentified Mycoplasma species capable of infecting cats.
{"title":"Molecular survey of hemotropic mycoplasmas and piroplasmids in cats (Felis catus) in Central Taiwan","authors":"Sijia Yu , Peihang Hong , Yu-Syuan Peng , Tzu-Yun Shih , Pin-Chen Liu , Chao-Min Wang , Cheng-Hung Lai , Shyun Chou","doi":"10.1016/j.vprsr.2025.101348","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vprsr.2025.101348","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Data on feline hemotropic mycoplasmas and piroplasmids in Taiwan are limited. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of hemotropic mycoplasmas and piroplasmids in cats in central Taiwan, as well as to conduct a phylogenetic analysis of the detected pathogens. In total, blood samples of 213 cats were collected from three regions of central Taiwan: Taichung, Yunlin, and Nantou. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify the 16S rRNA gene fragments of hemotropic mycoplasmas and the 18S rRNA gene fragments of piroplasmids. Risk factors were also assessed, and phylogenetic analysis was performed. Out of the 213 samples analyzed, the prevalence of hemotropic mycoplasmas was 10.80 % (23/213). Specifically, <em>Candidatus</em> Mycoplasma haemominutum, <em>Mycoplasma haemofelis,</em> and <em>Mycoplasma</em> sp. were detected in 7.51 % (16/213), 2.82 % (6/213), and 0.47 % (1/213) of the samples, respectively. Only <em>Babesia gibsoni</em> was detected among the piroplasmids, with a positivity rate of 0.47 % (1/213). No statistically significant associations were found between hemotropic mycoplasmas and the associated factors. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that the uncultured <em>Mycoplasma</em> sp. identified may represent a previously unidentified <em>Mycoplasma</em> species, potentially related to uncultured <em>Mycoplasma</em> spp. detected in cats from Iran. In conclusion, this study identified <em>B. gibsoni</em> in feline blood samples from Taiwan and provides evidence suggesting the existence of unidentified <em>Mycoplasma</em> species capable of infecting cats.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23600,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary parasitology, regional studies and reports","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 101348"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145159086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-18DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2025.101339
Hongyan Wang , Ke Zhang , Xuanyin Cui , Xiaomao Li , Jiayu Hong , Yi Cheng , Rong Mou
Hymenolepis nana (H. nana) is a zoonotic parasite with a global distribution. Hamsters are a common household pet and have been widely domesticated. H. nana is a prevalent tapeworm that parasitizes the small intestine of hamsters. However, there are few recent reports on whether pet hamsters in urban areas are infected with H. nana and the morphological characteristics of different developmental stages of the parasite. This study employed a combination of morphological and molecular biological approaches, utilizing pathological staining to investigate the helminth infection of pet hamsters in Guiyang, China, and the subsequent histopathological damage it caused. The results confirmed the presence of H. nana, and its average infection rate was as high as 256/359 (71.31 %), revealing that its different developmental stages exhibit distinct parasitic sites. Cysticercoids were found to parasitize the intestinal villi, while adult worms resided in the intestinal lumen, with the latter causing more severe pathological damage. Our study updates data on the prevalence of H. nana in Guiyang, China, as well as the morphological characteristics of H. nana at various developmental stages and the associated histopathological changes in the small intestine of pet hamsters.
{"title":"Identification and histopathological assessment of intestinal Hymenolepis nana in pet hamsters in Guiyang, China","authors":"Hongyan Wang , Ke Zhang , Xuanyin Cui , Xiaomao Li , Jiayu Hong , Yi Cheng , Rong Mou","doi":"10.1016/j.vprsr.2025.101339","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vprsr.2025.101339","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Hymenolepis nana</em> (<em>H. nana</em>) is a zoonotic parasite with a global distribution. Hamsters are a common household pet and have been widely domesticated. <em>H. nana</em> is a prevalent tapeworm that parasitizes the small intestine of hamsters. However, there are few recent reports on whether pet hamsters in urban areas are infected with <em>H. nana</em> and the morphological characteristics of different developmental stages of the parasite. This study employed a combination of morphological and molecular biological approaches, utilizing pathological staining to investigate the helminth infection of pet hamsters in Guiyang, China, and the subsequent histopathological damage it caused. The results confirmed the presence of <em>H. nana</em>, and its average infection rate was as high as 256/359 (71.31 %), revealing that its different developmental stages exhibit distinct parasitic sites. Cysticercoids were found to parasitize the intestinal villi, while adult worms resided in the intestinal lumen, with the latter causing more severe pathological damage. Our study updates data on the prevalence of <em>H. nana</em> in Guiyang, China, as well as the morphological characteristics of <em>H. nana</em> at various developmental stages and the associated histopathological changes in the small intestine of pet hamsters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23600,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary parasitology, regional studies and reports","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 101339"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145159087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-13DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2025.101343
Şeydanur KAN , Ayşegül KUBİLAY , Salim Serkan GÜÇLÜ , Özlem ÖZMEN , Mehmet CİLBİZ , Habil Uğur KOCA
This study aimed to first detect and histopathologically confirm the Anguillicolacrassus parasite in European eel (Anguilla anguilla) from Bafa Lake in the Aegean region of Türkiye. As a result of external and internal parasitological examinations performed on 22 individuals with a weight of 42.08–1264.54 g and a length of 31.80–85.30 cm, the presence of parasites was detected. In macroscopic and microscopic examinations, the parasite A. crassus was found in the muscle, intestinal system, brain and swim bladder of the eels. The prevalence was found to be 35 %. Histological examinations confirmed the presence of A. crassus in the gills and intestinal system. In the examined silver and yellow eels, A. crassus eggs, mostly called L1 and L2 forms of A. crassus, were detected in the gills, intestinal system, and muscle. The adult form (L3-L4) was seen in the swim bladder and intestinal system. This study includes the first detection of the A. crassus parasite in eels in Bafa Lake. The unique value of this study is especially evident in the presence of parasites in the muscle, brain, gill and intestinal systems of eels.
{"title":"Infestation and histopathology of Anguillicola crassus in European eel in the Lake Bafa, Türkiye","authors":"Şeydanur KAN , Ayşegül KUBİLAY , Salim Serkan GÜÇLÜ , Özlem ÖZMEN , Mehmet CİLBİZ , Habil Uğur KOCA","doi":"10.1016/j.vprsr.2025.101343","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vprsr.2025.101343","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to first detect and histopathologically confirm the <em>Anguillicolacrassus</em> parasite in European eel (<em>Anguilla anguilla</em>) from Bafa Lake in the Aegean region of Türkiye. As a result of external and internal parasitological examinations performed on 22 individuals with a weight of 42.08–1264.54 g and a length of 31.80–85.30 cm, the presence of parasites was detected. In macroscopic and microscopic examinations, the parasite <em>A. crassus</em> was found in the muscle, intestinal system, brain and swim bladder of the eels. The prevalence was found to be 35 %. Histological examinations confirmed the presence of <em>A. crassus</em> in the gills and intestinal system. In the examined silver and yellow eels, <em>A. crassus</em> eggs, mostly called L1 and L2 forms of <em>A. crassus</em>, were detected in the gills, intestinal system, and muscle. The adult form (L3-L4) was seen in the swim bladder and intestinal system. This study includes the first detection of the <em>A. crassus</em> parasite in eels in Bafa Lake. The unique value of this study is especially evident in the presence of parasites in the muscle, brain, gill and intestinal systems of eels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23600,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary parasitology, regional studies and reports","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 101343"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145107785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-11DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2025.101344
Jorgelina Torrents , Macarena Sarli , Maria V. Rossner , Nicolás Morel , Santiago Nava
The aim of this work was to perform an analysis of the geographical dispersion of Rhipicephalus microplus resistance to acaricides in the littoral region of Argentina, which is the most favorable area for the development of this tick in the Argentinean territory. The data were obtained through the application of in vitro bioassays. Larval immersion test (LIT) were the bioassays used to detect resistance to ivermectin and fipronil, while adult immersion tests (AIT) were employed for the diagnosis of resistance to pyrethroids, amitraz and the combinations of cypermethrin with organophosphates. Cases of resistance to ivermectin were determined in localities from all the provinces of the littoral region (except for Formosa province). Samples from Corrientes, Entre Rios, and Santa Fe provinces were also determined as resistant to fipronil. Resistance to cypermethrin was a common result for all the tested samples. Samples from Corrientes and Santa Fe provinces were determined as resistant to amitraz and to the combinations of cypermethrin with organophosphates, and samples from Entre Rios province were diagnosed as resistant to amitraz. Muti-resistant population of R. microplus were detected in three provinces. The widespread dissemination of R. microplus resistance to acaricides in the littoral region of Argentina may be associated with a high frequency of annual chemical treatments, which is a consequence of different factors as ecological conditions very favorable to R. microplus, the free movement of cattle without mandatory tick control between farms within the tick infested area, and the presence of cattle breeds susceptible to tick infestation.
{"title":"A mapping of Rhipicephalus microplus resistance to acaricides in the littoral region of Argentina","authors":"Jorgelina Torrents , Macarena Sarli , Maria V. Rossner , Nicolás Morel , Santiago Nava","doi":"10.1016/j.vprsr.2025.101344","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vprsr.2025.101344","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aim of this work was to perform an analysis of the geographical dispersion of <em>Rhipicephalus microplus</em> resistance to acaricides in the littoral region of Argentina, which is the most favorable area for the development of this tick in the Argentinean territory. The data were obtained through the application of <em>in vitro</em> bioassays. Larval immersion test (LIT) were the bioassays used to detect resistance to ivermectin and fipronil, while adult immersion tests (AIT) were employed for the diagnosis of resistance to pyrethroids, amitraz and the combinations of cypermethrin with organophosphates. Cases of resistance to ivermectin were determined in localities from all the provinces of the littoral region (except for Formosa province). Samples from Corrientes, Entre Rios, and Santa Fe provinces were also determined as resistant to fipronil. Resistance to cypermethrin was a common result for all the tested samples. Samples from Corrientes and Santa Fe provinces were determined as resistant to amitraz and to the combinations of cypermethrin with organophosphates, and samples from Entre Rios province were diagnosed as resistant to amitraz. Muti-resistant population of <em>R. microplus</em> were detected in three provinces. The widespread dissemination of <em>R. microplus</em> resistance to acaricides in the littoral region of Argentina may be associated with a high frequency of annual chemical treatments, which is a consequence of different factors as ecological conditions very favorable to <em>R. microplus,</em> the free movement of cattle without mandatory tick control between farms within the tick infested area, and the presence of cattle breeds susceptible to tick infestation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23600,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary parasitology, regional studies and reports","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 101344"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145048504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Buxtonella sulcata is an opportunistic protozoan parasite commonly affecting ruminants, with significant infection rates reported in cattle and buffaloes worldwide. This large cyst-forming ciliate shares morphological similarities with Balantidium coli, a known parasite of humans and pigs. In the present study, 512 fecal samples were collected from diarrheic and non-diarrheic buffaloes across five districts Meerut, Saharanpur, Muzaffarnagar, Baghpat, and Hapur in Western Uttar Pradesh, India, between April 2023 and March 2024. Samples were subjected to both microscopic examination and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting the 18S rRNA gene, followed by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. The overall prevalence of B. sulcata was found to be 33.59 % by microscopy and 35.16 % by PCR. Confirmed cases were treated with halquinol bolus administered orally and long-acting oxytetracycline administered intramuscularly. This study highlights the notable presence of B. sulcata in the buffalo population of Western Uttar Pradesh and emphasizes the importance of molecular diagnostics for accurate detection. Furthermore, the research supports the efficacy of a combination therapeutic regimen and recommends its strategic application to manage buxtonellosis in affected regions.
{"title":"Prevalence, molecular characterization, and therapeutic management of Buxtonella sulcata in buffaloes from Western Uttar Pradesh, India","authors":"Prem Sagar Maurya , Ramakant , Arbind Singh , Vikas Jaiswal , Tarun Kumar Sarkar , Ayush Pal , Surendra Upadhyay , Amit Kumar Verma","doi":"10.1016/j.vprsr.2025.101342","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vprsr.2025.101342","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Buxtonella sulcata</em> is an opportunistic protozoan parasite commonly affecting ruminants, with significant infection rates reported in cattle and buffaloes worldwide. This large cyst-forming ciliate shares morphological similarities with <em>Balantidium coli</em>, a known parasite of humans and pigs. In the present study, 512 fecal samples were collected from diarrheic and non-diarrheic buffaloes across five districts Meerut, Saharanpur, Muzaffarnagar, Baghpat, and Hapur in Western Uttar Pradesh, India, between April 2023 and March 2024. Samples were subjected to both microscopic examination and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting the 18S rRNA gene, followed by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. The overall prevalence of <em>B. sulcata</em> was found to be 33.59 % by microscopy and 35.16 % by PCR. Confirmed cases were treated with halquinol bolus administered orally and long-acting oxytetracycline administered intramuscularly. This study highlights the notable presence of <em>B. sulcata</em> in the buffalo population of Western Uttar Pradesh and emphasizes the importance of molecular diagnostics for accurate detection. Furthermore, the research supports the efficacy of a combination therapeutic regimen and recommends its strategic application to manage buxtonellosis in affected regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23600,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary parasitology, regional studies and reports","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 101342"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145107800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2025.101335
Ioana Bianca Mitrea , Andreea Daniela Iani , Călin Mircea Gherman , Cristina Daniela Cazan , Angela Monica Ionică , Georgiana Deak , Andrada Negoescu , Ștefan Ovidiu Rabei , Mihai Sorin Cernea , Vasile Alexe , Gabriel Bogdan Chișamera , Mihai Marinov , Andrei Daniel Mihalca
Angiostrongylus vasorum, commonly known as the French heartworm, is a metastrongyloid nematode infecting domestic and wild carnivores. While red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) are known as the primary reservoir hosts in Europe, recent studies suggest that golden jackals (Canis aureus) could also be considered as important reservoir hosts. Due to the rapid expansion of golden jackals in Europe, their role in the epidemiology of A. vasorum remains insufficiently explored. This study aimed to assess the occurrence of A. vasorum in golden jackals from Romania. Between October 2013 and November 2024, a total of 137 golden jackals were collected from 21 counties in Romania through legal hunting or roadkill. A full parasitological necropsy was performed (other data presented elsewhere), with the cardiorespiratory tract dissected for adult nematodes. First-stage larvae (L1) were isolated using the Baermann method. Morphological examination of nematodes and larvae was conducted using standard microscopy. Molecular identification of adult nematodes was carried out using PCR targeting the ITS-2 region, followed by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Additionally, histopathological analysis was performed on lung tissue. A. vasorum was identified in the pulmonary arteries of 2 out of 137 golden jackals (1.45 %). The presence of first-stage larvae in lung tissue confirmed their role as definitive hosts. Molecular sequencing revealed 100 % identity with A. vasorum isolated from Europe. Histopathological examination showed granulomatous pneumonia with parasitic eggs, larvae, and vascular changes associated with the infection. This study confirms golden jackals as suitable hosts for A. vasorum in Romania, indicating their potential role as reservoir hosts. Given the increasing overlap between jackals, domestic dogs, and red foxes, further surveillance is needed to understand the epidemiological implications of A. vasorum in wildlife and domestic animal health.
{"title":"Golden jackals (Canis aureus) as novel hosts for Angiostrongylus vasorum in Romania","authors":"Ioana Bianca Mitrea , Andreea Daniela Iani , Călin Mircea Gherman , Cristina Daniela Cazan , Angela Monica Ionică , Georgiana Deak , Andrada Negoescu , Ștefan Ovidiu Rabei , Mihai Sorin Cernea , Vasile Alexe , Gabriel Bogdan Chișamera , Mihai Marinov , Andrei Daniel Mihalca","doi":"10.1016/j.vprsr.2025.101335","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vprsr.2025.101335","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Angiostrongylus vasorum</em>, commonly known as the French heartworm, is a metastrongyloid nematode infecting domestic and wild carnivores. While red foxes (<em>Vulpes vulpes</em>) are known as the primary reservoir hosts in Europe, recent studies suggest that golden jackals (<em>Canis aureus</em>) could also be considered as important reservoir hosts. Due to the rapid expansion of golden jackals in Europe, their role in the epidemiology of <em>A. vasorum</em> remains insufficiently explored. This study aimed to assess the occurrence of <em>A. vasorum</em> in golden jackals from Romania. Between October 2013 and November 2024, a total of 137 golden jackals were collected from 21 counties in Romania through legal hunting or roadkill. A full parasitological necropsy was performed (other data presented elsewhere), with the cardiorespiratory tract dissected for adult nematodes. First-stage larvae (L1) were isolated using the Baermann method. Morphological examination of nematodes and larvae was conducted using standard microscopy. Molecular identification of adult nematodes was carried out using PCR targeting the ITS-2 region, followed by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Additionally, histopathological analysis was performed on lung tissue. <em>A. vasorum</em> was identified in the pulmonary arteries of 2 out of 137 golden jackals (1.45 %). The presence of first-stage larvae in lung tissue confirmed their role as definitive hosts. Molecular sequencing revealed 100 % identity with <em>A. vasorum</em> isolated from Europe. Histopathological examination showed granulomatous pneumonia with parasitic eggs, larvae, and vascular changes associated with the infection. This study confirms golden jackals as suitable hosts for <em>A. vasorum</em> in Romania, indicating their potential role as reservoir hosts. Given the increasing overlap between jackals, domestic dogs, and red foxes, further surveillance is needed to understand the epidemiological implications of <em>A. vasorum</em> in wildlife and domestic animal health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23600,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary parasitology, regional studies and reports","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 101335"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144931857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2025.101331
Katiane dos Santos Hofmeister , Luis Jhordy Alfaro Quillas , Wuglenya Daislla Martins da Silva , Larissa Sabino Pinho Moura , Marco Túlio dos Santos Costa , Luciano Nakazato , John F. Mee , Marcos de Almeida Souza , Caroline Argenta Pescador
Neospora caninum (NC) is a major cause of abortion and neonatal death in cattle worldwide. A prospective, observational diagnostic study was conducted at the Veterinary Laboratory of UFMT to determine the prevalence of this parasite by PCR and immunohistochemistry (IHC) and the associated histopathological lesions in bovine aborted fetuses and placentas. Between 2012 and 2024, 192 bovine abortion cases from mainly dairy and beef farms were investigated. These ranged in estimated fetal age from 3 to 8 months with the majority in the second trimester. All were tested for the presence of N. caninum using a PCR on brain tissue. The 43 (22.4 %) cases which were N. caninum PCR-positive were further examined by IHC and histopathology. Thirty (69) PCR-positive fetuses had histopathological lesions compatible with protozoan infection following ‘blinded’ examination. The most frequent histological lesion was non-suppurative encephalitis, observed in 66.7 % of lesion-positive cases. Of the 11 fetuses that had a liquid consistency in the brain, making it difficult to observe microscopic lesions, 7 (63.7 %) had non-suppurative inflammatory lesions in the skeletal muscle suggesting that skeletal muscle is an excellent auxiliary organ for the diagnosis of Neospora caninum due to its low capacity for autolysis. Immunohistochemistry was positive for Neospora caninum in 10 fetuses (33.33 % - 10/30) with lesions compatible with protozoal infection; this indicates IHC is a relatively insensitive technique.
{"title":"\"Neospora caninum detection in bovine aborted fetuses submitted to the Veterinary Pathology Laboratory (UFMT), Brazil\"","authors":"Katiane dos Santos Hofmeister , Luis Jhordy Alfaro Quillas , Wuglenya Daislla Martins da Silva , Larissa Sabino Pinho Moura , Marco Túlio dos Santos Costa , Luciano Nakazato , John F. Mee , Marcos de Almeida Souza , Caroline Argenta Pescador","doi":"10.1016/j.vprsr.2025.101331","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vprsr.2025.101331","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Neospora caninum</em> (NC) is a major cause of abortion and neonatal death in cattle worldwide. A prospective, observational diagnostic study was conducted at the Veterinary Laboratory of UFMT to determine the prevalence of this parasite by PCR and immunohistochemistry (IHC) and the associated histopathological lesions in bovine aborted fetuses and placentas. Between 2012 and 2024, 192 bovine abortion cases from mainly dairy and beef farms were investigated. These ranged in estimated fetal age from 3 to 8 months with the majority in the second trimester. All were tested for the presence of <em>N. caninum</em> using a PCR on brain tissue. The 43 (22.4 %) cases which were <em>N. caninum</em> PCR-positive were further examined by IHC and histopathology. Thirty (69) PCR-positive fetuses had histopathological lesions compatible with protozoan infection following ‘blinded’ examination. The most frequent histological lesion was non-suppurative encephalitis, observed in 66.7 % of lesion-positive cases. Of the 11 fetuses that had a liquid consistency in the brain, making it difficult to observe microscopic lesions, 7 (63.7 %) had non-suppurative inflammatory lesions in the skeletal muscle suggesting that skeletal muscle is an excellent auxiliary organ for the diagnosis of <em>Neospora caninum</em> due to its low capacity for autolysis. Immunohistochemistry was positive for <em>Neospora caninum</em> in 10 fetuses (33.33 % - 10/30) with lesions compatible with protozoal infection; this indicates IHC is a relatively insensitive technique.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23600,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary parasitology, regional studies and reports","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 101331"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144988486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2025.101332
Tean Zaheer , Rao Zahid Abbas , Muhammad Imran Arshad , Kashif Prince , Amjad Islam Aqib
Ticks are significant vectors of livestock and humans. Ticks and associated pathogens in commercial or household settings could be preventable if their ecological prevalence is well understood. The current study was designed to investigate the epidemiological status, risk assessment of hard ticks in Faisalabad, Bahawalpur and Rawalpindi zones. Overall tick prevalence in bovines from the study zones was 63.1%. The hard tick species found at highest prevalence rates, across the study area were Hyalomma (38.72%), Rhipicephalus (29.3%), Boophilus microplus (25.7%) and Haemaphysalis (5.67%). Soft ticks (Argasidae) were also collected (Prevalence= 0.51%) from bovine dwellings. Seasonal variability in the prevalence of ticks revealed that the tick infestation was maximum in summer and minimum in winter. The animal species, breed, body condition, age, history of acaricidal treatment, biosecurity measures, host mobility, herd size, and type of farming and mode of feeding were found to be statistically significant risk factors for tick prevalence (p≤0.05). The Knowledge, Attitude and Practices (KAP) study among small herders of bovines revealed the lack of knowledge regarding ticks and the potential animal and zoonotic diseases posed by ticks (p<0.001). The ecological presence of ticks could signpost the need to devise an adequate frequency and the types of multi-faceted approaches required to prevent them. This study reports novel trends in the epizootiology of ticks of bovines within three different ecologies alongwith the KAP analysis from small holders within study localities that signpost the need for more outreach regarding ticks and tick-borne diseases.
{"title":"Insights into Epizootiology and farmers' Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of tick infestations in livestock","authors":"Tean Zaheer , Rao Zahid Abbas , Muhammad Imran Arshad , Kashif Prince , Amjad Islam Aqib","doi":"10.1016/j.vprsr.2025.101332","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vprsr.2025.101332","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ticks are significant vectors of livestock and humans. Ticks and associated pathogens in commercial or household settings could be preventable if their ecological prevalence is well understood. The current study was designed to investigate the epidemiological status, risk assessment of hard ticks in Faisalabad, Bahawalpur and Rawalpindi zones. Overall tick prevalence in bovines from the study zones was 63.1%. The hard tick species found at highest prevalence rates, across the study area were <em>Hyalomma</em> (38.72%), <em>Rhipicephalus</em> (29.3%), <em>Boophilus microplus</em> (25.7%) and <em>Haemaphysalis</em> (5.67%). Soft ticks (Argasidae) were also collected (Prevalence= 0.51%) from bovine dwellings. Seasonal variability in the prevalence of ticks revealed that the tick infestation was maximum in summer and minimum in winter. The animal species, breed, body condition, age, history of acaricidal treatment, biosecurity measures, host mobility, herd size, and type of farming and mode of feeding were found to be statistically significant risk factors for tick prevalence (p≤0.05). The Knowledge, Attitude and Practices (KAP) study among small herders of bovines revealed the lack of knowledge regarding ticks and the potential animal and zoonotic diseases posed by ticks (p<0.001). The ecological presence of ticks could signpost the need to devise an adequate frequency and the types of multi-faceted approaches required to prevent them. This study reports novel trends in the epizootiology of ticks of bovines within three different ecologies alongwith the KAP analysis from small holders within study localities that signpost the need for more outreach regarding ticks and tick-borne diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23600,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary parasitology, regional studies and reports","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 101332"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145007764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2025.101337
Guilherme G. Verocai , Rafael Antonio Nascimento Ramos , Hassan Hakimi , Brittany McHale , Sam Rivera
Angiostrongylus cantonensis is a nematode of public health relevance that parasitizes lungs of rodents and can cause eosinophilic meningoencephalitis in humans. In this study we report a case of meningoencephalitis due to A. cantonensis infection in a geriatric, male black-and-white ruffed lemur (Varecia variegata) at a zoological facility in Atlanta, Georgia, southeastern United States of America. In December 2022, the animal presented with a history of acute hindlimb lameness that progressed to right hindlimb paresis and paralysis with loss of pain sensation. Radiographs revealed possible decrease in intervertebral joint space and spondylosis deformans at vertebrae C7-T1, T8-T10, and Cd 2–4. Euthanasia was elected due to the poor prognosis of the intervertebral disease. To investigate potential additional causes for the neurological manifestation exhibited by the animal, fragments of organs and tissues (i.e., eye, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, and brain) were fixed in 10 % neutral buffered formalin and processed and embedded in paraffin. Hematoxylin and eosin-stained slides were assessed for histological changes. Scrolls of the cerebellum were also processed for genomic DNA extraction followed by PCR and sequencing. The histological evaluation revealed lesions compatible with migration or presence of larval nematodes in nervous and ocular tissues. The parasitism by A. cantonensis was molecularly confirmed (GenBank: PQ783804) in cerebellum samples, supporting the evidence of the infection in a non-human primate kept in the Atlanta Zoo, Georgia. While the lemur had intervertebral disease that could have caused neurological manifestations, the presence of A. cantonensis could have contribute to the overall clinical presentation.
{"title":"Angiostrongylus cantonensis infection in a captive non-human primate (Varecia variegata) from the southeastern United States","authors":"Guilherme G. Verocai , Rafael Antonio Nascimento Ramos , Hassan Hakimi , Brittany McHale , Sam Rivera","doi":"10.1016/j.vprsr.2025.101337","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vprsr.2025.101337","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Angiostrongylus cantonensis</em> is a nematode of public health relevance that parasitizes lungs of rodents and can cause eosinophilic meningoencephalitis in humans. In this study we report a case of meningoencephalitis due to <em>A. cantonensis</em> infection in a geriatric, male black-and-white ruffed lemur (<em>Varecia variegata</em>) at a zoological facility in Atlanta, Georgia, southeastern United States of America. In December 2022, the animal presented with a history of acute hindlimb lameness that progressed to right hindlimb paresis and paralysis with loss of pain sensation. Radiographs revealed possible decrease in intervertebral joint space and spondylosis deformans at vertebrae C7-T1, T8-T10, and Cd 2–4. Euthanasia was elected due to the poor prognosis of the intervertebral disease. To investigate potential additional causes for the neurological manifestation exhibited by the animal, fragments of organs and tissues (i.e., eye, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, and brain) were fixed in 10 % neutral buffered formalin and processed and embedded in paraffin. Hematoxylin and eosin-stained slides were assessed for histological changes. Scrolls of the cerebellum were also processed for genomic DNA extraction followed by PCR and sequencing. The histological evaluation revealed lesions compatible with migration or presence of larval nematodes in nervous and ocular tissues. The parasitism by <em>A. cantonensis</em> was molecularly confirmed (GenBank: PQ783804) in cerebellum samples, supporting the evidence of the infection in a non-human primate kept in the Atlanta Zoo, Georgia. While the lemur had intervertebral disease that could have caused neurological manifestations, the presence of <em>A. cantonensis</em> could have contribute to the overall clinical presentation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23600,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary parasitology, regional studies and reports","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 101337"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145009974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2025.101340
Mateus O. Mena , Victor M. Moellmann , César C. Bassetto , José G.G. Lins , Murilo A. Fernandes , Gabriele R. Moreira , Ana Cláudia A. Albuquerque , Elisabete A.N. Fernandes , Helder Louvandini , Alessandro F.T. Amarante
The experiment aimed to evaluate the effects of daily supplementation with 150 mg of ZnO-NP on performance, hematological and immunological responses of lambs naturally infected with GIN under grazing conditions. Given the field-based approach adopted, the study was designed as an exploratory trial to generate preliminary evidence and hypotheses for future controlled experiments, acknowledging that individual feed intake was not measured and, therefore, the effect of ZnO-NP cannot be fully isolated from variations in voluntary concentrate intake. Each animal of one group (n = 14) was daily supplemented for 127 days with a capsule containing 150 mg of ZnO-NP in powder (40 nm), while a control group (n = 13) was kept without receiving Zn supplementation. Animals supplemented with Zn showed higher PCV and TPP values in the most critical period of infection, around day 70 of the trial, indicating increased resilience against GIN infections. Precisely during this period, animals that received Zn showed the highest values of blood eosinophils and Immunoglobulin G (IgG)-anti-Haemonchus. There was a tendency for a difference between groups in mean total body weight gain (P = 0.06), where the group supplemented with zinc oxide obtained the highest means. In conclusion, daily supplementation with 150 mg of ZnO-NP was associated with increased eosinophil counts and a tendency toward greater body weight gain in young sheep naturally infected with GIN.
{"title":"Effects of zinc oxide nanoparticle supplementation in young sheep naturally infected with gastrointestinal nematodes","authors":"Mateus O. Mena , Victor M. Moellmann , César C. Bassetto , José G.G. Lins , Murilo A. Fernandes , Gabriele R. Moreira , Ana Cláudia A. Albuquerque , Elisabete A.N. Fernandes , Helder Louvandini , Alessandro F.T. Amarante","doi":"10.1016/j.vprsr.2025.101340","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vprsr.2025.101340","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The experiment aimed to evaluate the effects of daily supplementation with 150 mg of ZnO-NP on performance, hematological and immunological responses of lambs naturally infected with GIN under grazing conditions. Given the field-based approach adopted, the study was designed as an exploratory trial to generate preliminary evidence and hypotheses for future controlled experiments, acknowledging that individual feed intake was not measured and, therefore, the effect of ZnO-NP cannot be fully isolated from variations in voluntary concentrate intake. Each animal of one group (<em>n</em> = 14) was daily supplemented for 127 days with a capsule containing 150 mg of ZnO-NP in powder (40 nm), while a control group (<em>n</em> = 13) was kept without receiving Zn supplementation. Animals supplemented with Zn showed higher PCV and TPP values in the most critical period of infection, around day 70 of the trial, indicating increased resilience against GIN infections. Precisely during this period, animals that received Zn showed the highest values of blood eosinophils and Immunoglobulin G (IgG)-anti-<em>Haemonchus</em>. There was a tendency for a difference between groups in mean total body weight gain (<em>P</em> = 0.06), where the group supplemented with zinc oxide obtained the highest means. In conclusion, daily supplementation with 150 mg of ZnO-NP was associated with increased eosinophil counts and a tendency toward greater body weight gain in young sheep naturally infected with GIN.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23600,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary parasitology, regional studies and reports","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 101340"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145044141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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